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I County Agent’s Column Finding the Key to Leaner Beef Fotlowjn’ xs taken from the Ford Farming magazine arid re lates co a sunes of questions and ■oran wtx.cn appeand .n a re cent Msije R deals wrh the im portaQC consumer problem of bow to have ka&y. tender. Cav orbul beef without all the excess fat Todays mode of living no long er Mqmres high fat intake m our dmt in face it is a Labdity to hentth. according to some au- AorKHa Good. lean meat is Barmning more and more tm pMOMt m our diet Following is • aenes of quest.cn.? and aosw er* that relate to the problem Of fendag a key to leaner beef: Queadon — We used to believe a tat steer produced the most flavorful steaks — Why the pre sent interest in leaner beef? An suw — We hope to do with beef ca^Je what sum breeders did to achieve a meat-type hog aim is a meat-type beef an.mal that yields good coun er meat, has less fat. and gazu on less feed. Consumers wan', lean.-ess tendemess, and Savo- all wrap ped up in one piece of meat. A number at large handlers now buy beef under speciLcauuas calling for a limited amount of fat m relation to kun meat and a high percentage of preferred cuts Q. —Do ca.de tbx rate, high in performance tes-s pro duce the best carcasses’ A. — Not always. Bir-hweeght. and rate cf gain are not closely re ' iated to carcass quality. Q — How ran we select animals that rate high m all these tests. A. — One way to da it is to rate breed ing ammais when the.r offspring have been slaughtered. Tins is a bag and costly process and often » too late to make use of superior sure* Now we are try ing to measure the fat and lean in a live animal by using ultra some equ.pment. We are duing I here is the FINEST, top I quality automatic washer I we have ever offered...at I SO LOW A PRICE! I It’s the new 1961 Model A 34 wan wok «0h Ml dwim of cydw l» wmh AU FAMKS MacOy right Ma JS|j| /^Llo* \ —* • haovtiM, "awt-01-itwi-worid" Slyt'O • UgMod Control Fonoi • 2 Spend - Imk ond Gordo • 2 Cyd* - Norad ond Short • Water Temperature Selection C * — • 4-way bnt and Grit Removal System X • Tramm iwon guaranteed 5 joari \ • Smooth, Fknd Drive Crook's Cash Hardware ■ Hariooß, Mowlmm Storm Windows ' Cut Fuel Bills! V- WEPCO ALUMINUM UNITS As Low A5’17.55 yiM You can save all your spam time for hunting by buying these units. No More hunting for the storm window or screen to fit that window. PUT A ALUM UNIT IN ANO FORGET IT 11 Minardi Lumber Co. his with the help of a grant irom Ford Motor Co. fund pre *n:cd to us by M<jci.ucu ca.d.‘ man Frank Sparks who was the Ford Almanac Beef Effictency awand winter. Q — How does this ultrascox device work? A. — Sound waves bounce back from loan wt a different rate from fx. By measuring this difference in a a eer, a sonic device can be used to estimate .he depth of fat and lean tissue at vanous penis along the 12th nb This depth gives us an indi cation of the leanness of Che total carcass. Q — How accu -ate is z' A — Some reports put it at 90«» percent but we will be able to tell you more when we gee results from pre sent tests Q — W£l a bull with a high percentage of lean pro duce leaner calves A. — The huredzability is quite high. For dress-ng percentage it is 71 per ??n.. for size cf the r.txye — 69 percent. for tenderness — 56 percent, for carcass grade — 32 parcent Q — What should the average rangier be domg to im provehisca Ge. A. — "too many ranchers su.l are nx u*ng per formance testing programs. These programs can increase weaning we^h-s. grade, and calf crop Buy herd sires with rate of gin records such as hose tested at bull testmg sta tions around the country. Calves from the be.- bulls will average from 40-50 pounds heuvxr at weighing Keep up to date on carcass improvement research Take advantage of new herd im provement tnotheds. Summary Consumers wax?: meat that is '.eon, tender and flavorful. Cat ie that gain we ll may not always produce this kind of carcass so scientsate are trying to develop new methods of select.ons. For iow you can do best by using x rformj-.ee tes mg, buying top lulls, and keeping up to date on cattle improvement research. Soil* Testing Important Soils tes ts are a valuable aid to the farmer. There are cer taxi standard tests that can be made on the soil to determine J cerjah elements are present ar lacking. However, roils test .ng just like any oher kind cf a .est docs nX teJ toe whole story. It *s only an aid to further im provament of soil edhditions. Frequently we hear of certain metoods whereby testa can be made to determine exactly what .s lacking in the soil and what is needed to improve the sod. This is not exactly correct be cause the type and salt epoteot ji ’dhe soil can make a great deal of difference in crop yields. For example, two soils might both show the same phosphorus content, however, one soil might be a great deal mare productive ban the other soil. The lower production of one sail would not be ascribed to lack of phosph orus. but might be due to one or several oher factors. The us ual standard testa made for soil nutrients are nitrogen, phosph orus and poiasium. There are several other tests, however, that can be made, but some of -hese are especially for trace elements and are quite expen sive. In the MU River Valley it is pretty well known that phosph orus and nitrogen are very im ixMtant in getting good produc uon. Phosphates are a must for profitable production of legumes ; such as alfalfa, sweet clover. Ni :rogen is highly esseotaal for planta such as com, cereals, pas uros. and grasses. Sugarbeets require a combuoataon of nitro gen and phosphorus. Also, phos phorus can be used on cereals and grasses, urxkr circumstan ces. The organic matter content of soils is quite important. Even ±jujh organic matter makes up a very smadl percent of the soils body, there is sail need for a certain leveS of organic matter. The Best Time To Take Soil Samples The bast time is when you have time. This fall before the ground becomes frozen too hard would be a good time to take samples. The standard way of eking this is to take a certain Leid that appears to be fairly jn-form in cocd-tiion and pick out five or more locations on this field. The individual sample is taken by simply digging a hole the ground w-h a shovel about eight inches in depth. Af .er the hole is made, take the shovel and shoe off a vertical -_np of soil along one edge of he hole with the shovel about [I to Mi inch tn thickness. Put his in a sack or bucket and take five or more samples like this, mix this soil thoroughly togeth er to make a composte sample, and then take out about lt6 or 2 pounds, store the soil and let it dry out thoroughly artd break up the crumbles. After the soil is ’horoughly dried, bring it into he Extension office or you can send it direct to the Soils Dept., Montana State College, Division of Agriculture. Bozeman. It I A >ukl be best to bring it into the Extension office, however, since hore is certain informatiion that should accompany the test. The charges for soils tests are as follows: Organic matter testa — SIOO. Available Phosphorus— SI 00 pH (measure of or alkahn Ry I — $l5O, Cor-dus once tests which measures sohiabk? salts in soils — SI.OO. Exchangable so dium test — $2 00. Sulfur test — $1.50, Gypsum requirements — $1 50. Available potassium—sloo A test for trace eJensents can also be made, however, these wiK b considerably higher. If you win take the samples row before the ground freezes, put them m a basement or some place where they can dry out thoroughly, then these soils can be sent in any Sune for testing. Remember, as abated previously, the tests of soil itself is just an other tool to help the operator gain the greatest productivity from his land. It is not the only answer An illustration of Chis could be that a soil might test low in nitrogen, the operator could apply a good amount of nitrogen, say 100 pounds of ac tual nitrogen per acre which would be enough for a very large crop of corn or grass. However, if this land was sub jected to careless or extreme flooding for a continued period of time, then a great deal of this nitrogen would be lost and no benefit to the crop would ensue from the use of nitrogen. In taking the soil samples care should be taken not to bake the sample from too large an area because there might be quite a bit of variation in a large field. Records should be kept of where .-ou have taken Che sample so hat each year a few eampfes -uuld be taken end eventually ximpiete coverage of tests could be made of the entire farm. Livestock Water Testa Important It has been found on several xx-asioM in Che county that live stock have dona poorly or have tone off feed or even become Ml hie to use of wafer unsuateiite !or cattle or sheep Liveutock water can be mat to the Uve- Mont Fish & Game Department Facts Deer and elk hunters ore con taming to get their game. This past week has shown consider able increase in the big game kill in northwestern Montana. This section has been snow cov ?red but access to most areas by vehicle has been good. The tower south and middle forks of he Flathead have been panticu lariy good. Although the harvest has been good so far, some deer and elk reasons wi H be extended because of the lack of forage in certain areas. Sportsmen piaoning hunts after November 19 are advised m check with fish and game of fices or local game wardens re garding the extended area des cripeians. Two areas have been extend ed for six days on deer. These two extensions involve Areas 29 and 212 and are in portions of Granite and Powell counties. The extended seasons on both deer and elk involve portions of Areas 20, 22 and 210. These extensions all will open Nov. 20 and close Dec. 3 and two deer sr either sex and one elk ctf either sex may be taken The Sun River hunting area, or Area 42 as described on the 1961 hunter may, dosed to hunt ing of either sex elk one-half hour after sunset Saturday, Nov. 11. Checking station figures in dicate that the either sex elk quota for Area 42 was filled. However, this area, excepting the Sun River game range, will remain open to hunting of an‘J ered bull elk until one-half hour after sunset No. 19. This area, with the exception of the Sun River game range, will also be open to deer hunting until fur ther notice. More than a million Kokanee salmon eggs have been taken to date by Montana Fish and Game hatchery personnel. Forest Keil- stock Sanitary Board Diagnostic Laboratory. Montana State Col lege. Bozeman A gallon cf wa ter should be submitted for this Lest and it should be put in a glass container. Also, speci mens for ana lysta of arimal dea.hs or diseases should be sent to the Diagnostic Lab. In case at specimens of animals that are suspected of d>'ing from toxic substances or poisons, a specimen should also be sent there. Biggest Bargain Today Is Food On the basis of number of hours work needed to pay for food, the average worker today can buy a bargain basket cf farm food for a whole month with eamjigs from 43 hours of work as compared to 55 hours in 1952 and 64 hours in 1947. While the consumer spends more for food now per person as compared to earlier years, the increased costs of this food represents 20 percent of the disposable income as com pared to 26 percent in 1947. Food costs have advanced less than other items For example, 1947- 1961 housing costs have gone up 32 preeut, medical care 61 per cent, transportation 48 percent. During this time, however, food prices have advanced only 21 percent. The farmer's share of the food dollar hats declined while reflail costs of the family food market baskets have been increasing. On the average for all foods the farmer and rancher receives about 39 cents out cf each dollar spent for farm food. Although consumers are spend ing more in total for food daily, they are eating better and food purchases are taking a smaller portion of their pay check. For Sale TURNER BUILDERS SUPPLY TURNS, MONTANA YARD FACILITIES - EQUIPMENT AND INVENTORY / AS OF OCTOBER 15, 1961 I Price $8,000.00 Cash This price is only slightly more than present inventory. CONTACT: * ART JONES or DRBIOMAN SIMONS of Tumor, Montana er, hatchery superintendent re ported this week. The eggs were taken at Lake Mary Ronan and Fathead lake. It is expected that between six and eight million eggs will be taken by the end of the spawn taking operations sometime in December. The eggs are placed at the Somers hatchery at*. Flat head for “eyeing.” Practically all of 'the resultant fry will be planted in Montana waters with about two million fry going back into Flathead Lake, Keller said. Over a million reinbaw eggs have been taken at the Arlee brood hatebery tstatkm. How ever, this fall’s spawning oper ations are just get.iing under way. It is expected that over five million rainbow eggs will be taken this year and all the resultant fish will be planted in state waters. These eggs are eyed at the Arlee station and then shipped to th various state hatcheries for raising. Montana's 1961 general fishing season comes to a close Nov. 30 but several streams and lakes will remain open for the entire year. Wintr fishrng for white fish in designated waters opens Dec 1 and cominues through March 31. The Mintana Fish and Game Department advises winter anglers to review the of ficial regulations for waters that are open all year and th limits for each species. The snagging of kokanee (sock eye salmon) opened Oct. 1 and will be allowed through Dec. 31 in waters designated on the 1961 regulations. The daily limit oil kokanee is thirty-five fish and not more than two days limit is allowmed in possession Snag ging success has been light in Flathead lake but good in the Flathead river near Kalispell, according to the department. It is expected that snagging will improve in the lake within the next two weeks. Power Company Tests Underground Storage Field A stratigraphic test for core samples to tell whether natural gas can be stored underground near Deer Lodge was launched this week by The Montana Pow er Company. The utility is hopeful the struc ture will be favorable so that a new storage field can be develop ed. The initial test will go to an estimated 1.700 feet, officials said. Company geologists in charge of the project will be Roger Rice and Robert Rhodes. The well is being drilled by Mose Wagner DriDlng Co , Inc., Cut Bank, and is located five miles south west of Deer Lodge. Montana Power already has underground storage fields near Three Forks, Havre, Chinook and is developing another north of Cut Bank. This Sunday in Local Churches HOGELAND-TURNER LUTHERAN PARISH Richard H. Mathison. Pastor HOGELAND Sunday Sunday school 10 a.m. Worship service 11 a.m. Loyahty dinner 6:30 p.m. Tuesday Confirmation class 3:30 p.m. Thursday Thanksgiving Day service at 10:30 am. TURNER Sunday Worship service 9 am. Stewardship Sunday Sunday school 10:15 a m. Monday Confirmation class 3:30 p.m. Thursday Thanksgiving Day service at 9 a m. AMERICAN LUTHERAN Robert G. Johnson. Pa'Aor Saturday Sr. confirma<nds 9:30 a.m. Jr. confirmands 10-45 a.m. sunday Sunday school 9 : 45 a.m. Wonship service 11 a.m. Monday Junior choir 4:15 p.m. Evening Circle 8 p.m. Tuesday Kindergarten 9 ; 45 a.m. Thursday Thanksgiving Day worship at 10 a.m. E. U. B- CHURCH Joseph A. Harrtsen, Faster Sunday Sunday school 9:45 a.m. Worship U a.m. Monday Boys and Giris Fellowship 3:> p.m. Dr. Leo Thornton, Western Evangelical Seminary, 8 p.m. Tuesday Women meet at church 9:30 a.m. rhursday Church Night, all ages 7:30 Choir rehearsal 8 : 15 p.m. FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF HARLEM Lyle C. Starkey, Pastor Sunday Sunday school 9:45 a.m. - Worship service 11 a.m. Senior High group 7 p.m. Wednesday 6-7-Bth graders 4 : 15 p.m. Thursday Church Night program 7:30 CHURCH OF JSSUS CHRIST OF LATTER DAY SAINTS Merlin Alcorn. Br. President Sunday Priesthood 9 a.m. Sunday school 7:30 p.m. Tuesday Relief Society 7:30 p m. Work day (4th Tuesday) 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. Wednesday M.I.A. 7:30 p.m. Thursday Primary 4:15 p.m. ST. THOMAS CHURCH Fr. Richard Pauson Mass every mornng 7:30 a.m. Sunday Masses Harlem 9:00 a.m. Sacred Heart (Highway) 10 : 30 ajn. Turner vnnatiaa Church Clayton W. Kent, Pastor Sunday Sunday school 10 a.m. Church service 11 a.m. Wednesday Christian Endeavor youth gnour n3O p.m. Mid-week service 7:30 p.m Everyone welcome. INDIAN ASSEMBL OF GOD CHURCH Lodge Pole, Mont. Pastor, Jimmy Dann Sunday Sunday school 10 a.m. Morning worship 11 a.m. | Oh Say, Can You See - ? By Beg Manning THE MODERN WAY TO KILL THE GOOSE THAT LAYS the GOLDEN EGGS- /eLECTROCUTE) VW ft ^F ■ ✓C?\ ^fT— ixPtTwr^ ^k, / «t-'\ * l> / \ / 4^,^ x- g^t^Ho/ .^SSfe Om of a MriM by the West’s PaUtser Prise Wianiag Cartoonist for your MONTANA POWER CO* THE HARLEM NEWS Evangelistic service 7:30 p.m Wednesday FORT BELKNAP CHAPEL Chriatian-Mbstonary ADianee Rev. J. J. Roberts, pastor Church looted 7 miles SE of Harlem on Highway No. 2 then SMM.BUILDinC moDEßnizmG Contact AKRE CONSTRUCTION PHONE EL 3-2234 OR EL 3-2343 Harlem, Montana Free Estimates Cheerfully Given EARLY TRADER’S W BONUS -2SL IS HERE WITH A sihm™ FOR YOUI Deal now ... collect bonus dollars now! The Early Trader’s Bonus is yours on any purchase of SSOO or more . . . from tractors to twine, from tillage tools to harvesting equipment. Come in today, so we can figure your Early Trader’s Bonus deal on the IH equipment you need. When you buy, the dollars shower down. You’ll collect interest at the rate of 6% on your trade-in and/or down payment. And you get your check at once! z & the earlier you trade the more bonus dollars you get North State Supply Co. Phone EL 3-2431 Harlem FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1961 6 miles E. on road to Savoy — Sunday Sunday scnool 10:00 a.m. Morning worship 11:00 a.m A.Y.F. 6:30 p.m. evening service 7:30 p.m.. Wednesday Bible study and prayer ser vice 7:30 p.m.