I County Agent’s Column
Finding the Key to Leaner
Beef
Fotlowjn’ xs taken from the
Ford Farming magazine arid re
lates co a sunes of questions and
■oran wtx.cn appeand .n a re
cent Msije R deals wrh the im
portaQC consumer problem of
bow to have ka&y. tender. Cav
orbul beef without all the excess
fat
Todays mode of living no long
er Mqmres high fat intake m our
dmt in face it is a Labdity to
hentth. according to some au-
AorKHa Good. lean meat is
Barmning more and more tm
pMOMt m our diet Following is
• aenes of quest.cn.? and aosw
er* that relate to the problem
Of fendag a key to leaner beef:
Queadon — We used to believe
a tat steer produced the most
flavorful steaks — Why the pre
sent interest in leaner beef? An
suw — We hope to do with beef
ca^Je what sum breeders did
to achieve a meat-type hog
aim is a meat-type beef an.mal
that yields good coun er meat,
has less fat. and gazu on less
feed. Consumers wan', lean.-ess
tendemess, and Savo- all wrap
ped up in one piece of meat. A
number at large handlers now
buy beef under speciLcauuas
calling for a limited amount of
fat m relation to kun meat and
a high percentage of preferred
cuts Q. —Do ca.de tbx rate,
high in performance tes-s pro
duce the best carcasses’ A. —
Not always. Bir-hweeght. and
rate cf gain are not closely re '
iated to carcass quality. Q —
How ran we select animals that
rate high m all these tests. A. —
One way to da it is to rate breed
ing ammais when the.r offspring
have been slaughtered. Tins is
a bag and costly process and
often » too late to make use of
superior sure* Now we are try
ing to measure the fat and lean
in a live animal by using ultra
some equ.pment. We are duing
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Minardi Lumber Co.
his with the help of a grant
irom Ford Motor Co. fund pre
*n:cd to us by M<jci.ucu ca.d.‘
man Frank Sparks who was the
Ford Almanac Beef Effictency
awand winter. Q — How does
this ultrascox device work? A.
— Sound waves bounce back
from loan wt a different rate
from fx. By measuring this
difference in a a eer, a sonic
device can be used to estimate
.he depth of fat and lean tissue
at vanous penis along the 12th
nb This depth gives us an indi
cation of the leanness of Che
total carcass. Q — How accu
-ate is z' A — Some reports
put it at 90«» percent but we
will be able to tell you more
when we gee results from pre
sent tests Q — W£l a bull with
a high percentage of lean pro
duce leaner calves A. — The
huredzability is quite high. For
dress-ng percentage it is 71 per
??n.. for size cf the r.txye — 69
percent. for tenderness — 56
percent, for carcass grade — 32
parcent Q — What should the
average rangier be domg to im
provehisca Ge. A. — "too many
ranchers su.l are nx u*ng per
formance testing programs.
These programs can increase
weaning we^h-s. grade, and
calf crop Buy herd sires with
rate of gin records such as
hose tested at bull testmg sta
tions around the country. Calves
from the be.- bulls will average
from 40-50 pounds heuvxr at
weighing Keep up to date on
carcass improvement research
Take advantage of new herd im
provement tnotheds.
Summary
Consumers wax?: meat that is
'.eon, tender and flavorful. Cat
ie that gain we ll may not always
produce this kind of carcass so
scientsate are trying to develop
new methods of select.ons. For
iow you can do best by using
x rformj-.ee tes mg, buying top
lulls, and keeping up to date on
cattle improvement research.
Soil* Testing Important
Soils tes ts are a valuable aid
to the farmer. There are cer
taxi standard tests that can be
made on the soil to determine
J cerjah elements are present
ar lacking. However, roils test
.ng just like any oher kind cf a
.est docs nX teJ toe whole story.
It *s only an aid to further im
provament of soil edhditions.
Frequently we hear of certain
metoods whereby testa can be
made to determine exactly what
.s lacking in the soil and what
is needed to improve the sod.
This is not exactly correct be
cause the type and salt epoteot
ji ’dhe soil can make a great deal
of difference in crop yields.
For example, two soils might
both show the same phosphorus
content, however, one soil might
be a great deal mare productive
ban the other soil. The lower
production of one sail would not
be ascribed to lack of phosph
orus. but might be due to one or
several oher factors. The us
ual standard testa made for soil
nutrients are nitrogen, phosph
orus and poiasium. There are
several other tests, however,
that can be made, but some of
-hese are especially for trace
elements and are quite expen
sive.
In the MU River Valley it is
pretty well known that phosph
orus and nitrogen are very im
ixMtant in getting good produc
uon. Phosphates are a must for
profitable production of legumes
; such as alfalfa, sweet clover. Ni
:rogen is highly esseotaal for
planta such as com, cereals, pas
uros. and grasses. Sugarbeets
require a combuoataon of nitro
gen and phosphorus. Also, phos
phorus can be used on cereals
and grasses, urxkr circumstan
ces. The organic matter content
of soils is quite important. Even
±jujh organic matter makes up
a very smadl percent of the soils
body, there is sail need for a
certain leveS of organic matter.
The Best Time To Take
Soil Samples
The bast time is when you
have time. This fall before the
ground becomes frozen too hard
would be a good time to take
samples. The standard way of
eking this is to take a certain
Leid that appears to be fairly
jn-form in cocd-tiion and pick
out five or more locations on this
field. The individual sample is
taken by simply digging a hole
the ground w-h a shovel
about eight inches in depth. Af
.er the hole is made, take the
shovel and shoe off a vertical
-_np of soil along one edge of
he hole with the shovel about
[I to Mi inch tn thickness. Put
his in a sack or bucket and take
five or more samples like this,
mix this soil thoroughly togeth
er to make a composte sample,
and then take out about lt6 or 2
pounds, store the soil and let it
dry out thoroughly artd break up
the crumbles. After the soil is
’horoughly dried, bring it into
he Extension office or you can
send it direct to the Soils Dept.,
Montana State College, Division
of Agriculture. Bozeman. It
I A >ukl be best to bring it into the
Extension office, however, since
hore is certain informatiion that
should accompany the test.
The charges for soils tests are
as follows: Organic matter testa
— SIOO. Available Phosphorus—
SI 00 pH (measure of or alkahn
Ry I — $l5O, Cor-dus once tests
which measures sohiabk? salts
in soils — SI.OO. Exchangable so
dium test — $2 00. Sulfur test —
$1.50, Gypsum requirements —
$1 50. Available potassium—sloo
A test for trace eJensents can
also be made, however, these
wiK b considerably higher.
If you win take the samples
row before the ground freezes,
put them m a basement or some
place where they can dry out
thoroughly, then these soils can
be sent in any Sune for testing.
Remember, as abated previously,
the tests of soil itself is just an
other tool to help the operator
gain the greatest productivity
from his land. It is not the only
answer An illustration of Chis
could be that a soil might test
low in nitrogen, the operator
could apply a good amount of
nitrogen, say 100 pounds of ac
tual nitrogen per acre which
would be enough for a very
large crop of corn or grass.
However, if this land was sub
jected to careless or extreme
flooding for a continued period
of time, then a great deal of this
nitrogen would be lost and no
benefit to the crop would ensue
from the use of nitrogen.
In taking the soil samples care
should be taken not to bake the
sample from too large an area
because there might be quite a
bit of variation in a large field.
Records should be kept of where
.-ou have taken Che sample so
hat each year a few eampfes
-uuld be taken end eventually
ximpiete coverage of tests could
be made of the entire farm.
Livestock Water Testa
Important
It has been found on several
xx-asioM in Che county that live
stock have dona poorly or have
tone off feed or even become Ml
hie to use of wafer unsuateiite
!or cattle or sheep Liveutock
water can be mat to the Uve-
Mont Fish & Game
Department Facts
Deer and elk hunters ore con
taming to get their game. This
past week has shown consider
able increase in the big game
kill in northwestern Montana.
This section has been snow cov
?red but access to most areas
by vehicle has been good. The
tower south and middle forks of
he Flathead have been panticu
lariy good.
Although the harvest has been
good so far, some deer and elk
reasons wi H be extended because
of the lack of forage in certain
areas. Sportsmen piaoning hunts
after November 19 are advised
m check with fish and game of
fices or local game wardens re
garding the extended area des
cripeians.
Two areas have been extend
ed for six days on deer. These
two extensions involve Areas 29
and 212 and are in portions of
Granite and Powell counties.
The extended seasons on both
deer and elk involve portions
of Areas 20, 22 and 210. These
extensions all will open Nov. 20
and close Dec. 3 and two deer
sr either sex and one elk ctf
either sex may be taken
The Sun River hunting area,
or Area 42 as described on the
1961 hunter may, dosed to hunt
ing of either sex elk one-half
hour after sunset Saturday, Nov.
11. Checking station figures in
dicate that the either sex elk
quota for Area 42 was filled.
However, this area, excepting
the Sun River game range, will
remain open to hunting of an‘J
ered bull elk until one-half hour
after sunset No. 19. This area,
with the exception of the Sun
River game range, will also be
open to deer hunting until fur
ther notice.
More than a million Kokanee
salmon eggs have been taken to
date by Montana Fish and Game
hatchery personnel. Forest Keil-
stock Sanitary Board Diagnostic
Laboratory. Montana State Col
lege. Bozeman A gallon cf wa
ter should be submitted for this
Lest and it should be put in a
glass container. Also, speci
mens for ana lysta of arimal
dea.hs or diseases should be
sent to the Diagnostic Lab. In
case at specimens of animals
that are suspected of d>'ing from
toxic substances or poisons, a
specimen should also be sent
there.
Biggest Bargain Today
Is Food
On the basis of number of
hours work needed to pay for
food, the average worker today
can buy a bargain basket cf
farm food for a whole month with
eamjigs from 43 hours of work
as compared to 55 hours in 1952
and 64 hours in 1947. While the
consumer spends more for food
now per person as compared to
earlier years, the increased costs
of this food represents 20 percent
of the disposable income as com
pared to 26 percent in 1947. Food
costs have advanced less than
other items For example, 1947-
1961 housing costs have gone up
32 preeut, medical care 61 per
cent, transportation 48 percent.
During this time, however, food
prices have advanced only 21
percent. The farmer's share of
the food dollar hats declined
while reflail costs of the family
food market baskets have been
increasing. On the average for
all foods the farmer and rancher
receives about 39 cents out cf
each dollar spent for farm food.
Although consumers are spend
ing more in total for food daily,
they are eating better and food
purchases are taking a smaller
portion of their pay check.
For Sale
TURNER BUILDERS SUPPLY
TURNS, MONTANA
YARD FACILITIES - EQUIPMENT AND INVENTORY
/
AS OF OCTOBER 15, 1961
I
Price $8,000.00 Cash
This price is only slightly more than present inventory.
CONTACT:
*
ART JONES or DRBIOMAN SIMONS
of Tumor, Montana
er, hatchery superintendent re
ported this week. The eggs were
taken at Lake Mary Ronan and
Fathead lake.
It is expected that between six
and eight million eggs will be
taken by the end of the spawn
taking operations sometime in
December. The eggs are placed
at the Somers hatchery at*. Flat
head for “eyeing.” Practically
all of 'the resultant fry will be
planted in Montana waters with
about two million fry going back
into Flathead Lake, Keller said.
Over a million reinbaw eggs
have been taken at the Arlee
brood hatebery tstatkm. How
ever, this fall’s spawning oper
ations are just get.iing under
way. It is expected that over
five million rainbow eggs will
be taken this year and all the
resultant fish will be planted in
state waters. These eggs are
eyed at the Arlee station and
then shipped to th various state
hatcheries for raising.
Montana's 1961 general fishing
season comes to a close Nov. 30
but several streams and lakes
will remain open for the entire
year. Wintr fishrng for white
fish in designated waters opens
Dec 1 and cominues through
March 31. The Mintana Fish
and Game Department advises
winter anglers to review the of
ficial regulations for waters that
are open all year and th limits
for each species.
The snagging of kokanee (sock
eye salmon) opened Oct. 1 and
will be allowed through Dec. 31
in waters designated on the 1961
regulations. The daily limit oil
kokanee is thirty-five fish and
not more than two days limit is
allowmed in possession Snag
ging success has been light in
Flathead lake but good in the
Flathead river near Kalispell,
according to the department. It
is expected that snagging will
improve in the lake within the
next two weeks.
Power Company
Tests Underground
Storage Field
A stratigraphic test for core
samples to tell whether natural
gas can be stored underground
near Deer Lodge was launched
this week by The Montana Pow
er Company.
The utility is hopeful the struc
ture will be favorable so that a
new storage field can be develop
ed. The initial test will go to
an estimated 1.700 feet, officials
said.
Company geologists in charge
of the project will be Roger Rice
and Robert Rhodes. The well is
being drilled by Mose Wagner
DriDlng Co , Inc., Cut Bank,
and is located five miles south
west of Deer Lodge.
Montana Power already has
underground storage fields near
Three Forks, Havre, Chinook
and is developing another north
of Cut Bank.
This Sunday in
Local Churches
HOGELAND-TURNER
LUTHERAN PARISH
Richard H. Mathison. Pastor
HOGELAND
Sunday
Sunday school 10 a.m.
Worship service 11 a.m.
Loyahty dinner 6:30 p.m.
Tuesday
Confirmation class 3:30 p.m.
Thursday
Thanksgiving Day service at
10:30 am.
TURNER
Sunday
Worship service 9 am.
Stewardship Sunday
Sunday school 10:15 a m.
Monday
Confirmation class 3:30 p.m.
Thursday
Thanksgiving Day service at
9 a m.
AMERICAN LUTHERAN
Robert G. Johnson. Pa'Aor
Saturday
Sr. confirma<nds 9:30 a.m.
Jr. confirmands 10-45 a.m.
sunday
Sunday school 9 : 45 a.m.
Wonship service 11 a.m.
Monday
Junior choir 4:15 p.m.
Evening Circle 8 p.m.
Tuesday
Kindergarten 9 ; 45 a.m.
Thursday
Thanksgiving Day worship at
10 a.m.
E. U. B- CHURCH
Joseph A. Harrtsen, Faster
Sunday
Sunday school 9:45 a.m.
Worship U a.m.
Monday
Boys and Giris Fellowship 3:>
p.m.
Dr. Leo Thornton, Western
Evangelical Seminary, 8 p.m.
Tuesday
Women meet at church 9:30
a.m.
rhursday
Church Night, all ages 7:30
Choir rehearsal 8 : 15 p.m.
FIRST PRESBYTERIAN
CHURCH OF HARLEM
Lyle C. Starkey, Pastor
Sunday
Sunday school 9:45 a.m. -
Worship service 11 a.m.
Senior High group 7 p.m.
Wednesday
6-7-Bth graders 4 : 15 p.m.
Thursday
Church Night program 7:30
CHURCH OF JSSUS CHRIST
OF LATTER DAY SAINTS
Merlin Alcorn. Br. President
Sunday
Priesthood 9 a.m.
Sunday school 7:30 p.m.
Tuesday
Relief Society 7:30 p m.
Work day (4th Tuesday) 10
a.m. to 4 p.m.
Wednesday
M.I.A. 7:30 p.m.
Thursday
Primary 4:15 p.m.
ST. THOMAS CHURCH
Fr. Richard Pauson
Mass every mornng 7:30 a.m.
Sunday Masses
Harlem 9:00 a.m.
Sacred Heart (Highway) 10 : 30
ajn.
Turner vnnatiaa Church
Clayton W. Kent, Pastor
Sunday
Sunday school 10 a.m.
Church service 11 a.m.
Wednesday
Christian Endeavor youth gnour
n3O p.m.
Mid-week service 7:30 p.m
Everyone welcome.
INDIAN ASSEMBL OF GOD
CHURCH
Lodge Pole, Mont.
Pastor, Jimmy Dann
Sunday
Sunday school 10 a.m.
Morning worship 11 a.m.
| Oh Say, Can You See - ? By Beg Manning
THE MODERN WAY TO KILL THE GOOSE THAT
LAYS the GOLDEN EGGS-
/eLECTROCUTE)
VW ft ^F ■
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ixPtTwr^ ^k, /
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Om of a MriM by the West’s PaUtser Prise Wianiag Cartoonist for your MONTANA POWER CO*
THE HARLEM NEWS
Evangelistic service 7:30 p.m
Wednesday
FORT BELKNAP CHAPEL
Chriatian-Mbstonary ADianee
Rev. J. J. Roberts, pastor
Church looted 7 miles SE of
Harlem on Highway No. 2 then
SMM.BUILDinC
moDEßnizmG
Contact
AKRE CONSTRUCTION
PHONE EL 3-2234 OR
EL 3-2343
Harlem, Montana
Free Estimates
Cheerfully Given
EARLY
TRADER’S W
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IS HERE WITH A
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FOR YOUI
Deal now ... collect bonus dollars now! The Early
Trader’s Bonus is yours on any purchase of SSOO or
more . . . from tractors to twine, from tillage tools
to harvesting equipment. Come in today, so we can
figure your Early Trader’s Bonus deal on the IH
equipment you need. When you buy, the dollars
shower down. You’ll collect interest at the rate of
6% on your trade-in and/or down payment. And
you get your check at once!
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& the earlier you trade
the more bonus
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North State Supply Co.
Phone EL 3-2431 Harlem
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1961
6 miles E. on road to Savoy —
Sunday
Sunday scnool 10:00 a.m.
Morning worship 11:00 a.m
A.Y.F. 6:30 p.m.
evening service 7:30 p.m..
Wednesday
Bible study and prayer ser
vice 7:30 p.m.