Yerington times. [volume], July 27, 1918, Page THREE, Image 3

About Yerington times. [volume] (Yerington, Nev.) 1907-1932

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—-—■
History of
PastWeek
The New* Happenings of
Seven Days Paragraphed
■ ■
INTERMOUNTAIN.
Yakima valley, Washington, hop
growers, representing about 2000 acres,
are watching anxiously the action of
congress on the prohibition amend
ment to the appropriation bill. Na
tional prohibition at this time, they
say, would spell ruin for them.
Salt Lake was chosen as the 1919
meeting place of the western division
of the Physical Education association,
which closed a^wo days’ session at
San Francisco.
Many towns and cities In eastern
Washington have promised to "shut
up shop” during the harvest, that their
people may get out Into the fields, if
such a plan proves necessary.
Six women have been put to wTork
on the Northern Pacific section west
of Hoqulam, Wash., and assigned to
cutting grass and keeping the right of
way dean. The rolling stock branch
of the railroad is expecting to add
women to its department.
Considerable concern is being mani
fested by the state farm markets bur
eau as well as by shippers- all over
the state with regard to the possibility
that Idaho will again have to meet a
car shortage when crops are ready to
move.
The selective draft men of a mini
mum height of five feet and a mini
mum weight of 110 pounds, if other
wise physically fit, may enter the army
hereafter according to a special regu
lation of the war department, received
at Camp Lewis, Wash. The minimum
hitherto has been five feet, three
Inches, and 120 pounds.
W. A. Drake of Fort Collins, wealthy
sheepgrower, and C. A. Ballreich, law
yer, of Pueblo, Colo., have been named
as candidates for the Republican nomi
nation for governor at the September
primaries by the Republican state
- ssembly.
DOMESTIC.
Judge A. C. Hoppman of the Madi
son, W'is., municipal court, held that
Robert M. LaFoliette, United States
senator from Wisconsin, had no place
of abode in this state. The decision
was given in the $100,000 libel suit
brought against the Madison Democrat
by Senator La Follette.
James M. Robinson, banker and
elevator owner of Potter, Kan,, lius
been bound over to the federal court
at Leavenworth, Kan., on a charge of
hoarding 000 pounds of flour.
Maj. Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., has
been slightly wounded and taken to a
hospital in Paris according to a cable
message received by his father, Col.
Theodore Roosevelt, from his daugh
ter-in-law, Mrs. Theodore Roosevelt,
■
A new race of supermen in the
United States and a decadent under
nourished .deteriorating race of ln
eriors in the lands of the central
powers. That is what Dr. Harvey
Wiley, head of the bureau of food,
sanitation and health, and associate
editor of Good Housekeeping, sees as
the chief biological physiological re
sult of the war.
Upward of $38,000,000 was lost last
year though theft of freight in transit
in the United States, it is announced.
Every al>le-bodied man in California;
regardless of age or wealth, must work
during the war. An order to this
effect has been issued by the state
council of defense.
A lien of $1000 has been filed, at
Syracuse, N. Y„ by Internal revenue
agents against the property of C.
Loomis Allen, the electric expert nnd
former member of the government rail
ways board, for failure to pay his
income tax. •"
Three men were killed and damage
estimated nt several hundred thousand
dollars .was done by an explosion at
the nitrate plant of the Aetna Explo
sives company, near Islipeming, Mich.
En route to Italy to re-enlist, a party
of 300 Italian soldiers who escaped
from being pressed into the service of
Austria by surrendering to the Rus
sians have arrived at San Francisco
from the orient under the care of the
United States war department.
The uews that American troops had
victoriously advanced in the western
front prompted an almost unparalleled
oulburst of enthusiasm on the floor of
the stock exchange on July 18. BroKers
yelled and cheered find bought stocks.
Prices soared.
Lieut. Quentin Roosevelt, reported
missing after an aerial engagement
over the German lines, probably land
ed unhurt and is now a prisoner in
the hands of the Germans, according
to a cable message received on July 18
by his father, Colonel Theodore Roose
velt.
The American steamer Westover, an
army supply ship manned by navy
men, was torpedoed and sunk in the
war zone July 11 while bound to Eu
rope, tlie navy department nas been
advised by Vice Admiral Sims. Ten
officers and men of the crew of ninety
two are missing.
Announcement by the navy depart
ment Friday night that the armored
cruiser Sun Diego had been sunk off
the Long Island coast, Indicated that
German submarines may again be
operating in American waters. All on
board were saved.
William K-aulen, 30», yearg old, a
miner, was tarred by a mob of more
than 300 at Staunton, 111., after his
wife had complained to the “vigilance
committee” that Kaulen had desecrat
ed a service flag, liung in honor of tier
son by a former marriage.
Seventeen persons were killed and
thirty others injured, many seriously,
when a Detroit-bound limited passen
ger car and a westbound freight cnr
colirded head-on one mile west of Chel
sea, Mich.
Mobilization plans for physicians of
the country, whereby every member of
the medical profession will be assigned
to military or civilian duty, are in
preparation.
WASHINGTON.
The department of agriculture has
asked farmers to sow 47,500,000 acres
In winter wheat this fall. This would
yield approximately 667,000,000 bushels
—the greatest winter crop In history.
Professional baseball was held a
non-essentail occupation under the
army work or fight order Friday by
Secretary Baker. The decision was
given on appeal in the case of Eddie
Ainsmith, the Washington American
catcher, which came to the secretary
with a suggestion from the local draft
board that the regulations be changed
to exempt ball players.
Gold mining has been listed as an
essential industry, the war industries
board has announced, and all reason
able priority on materials and supplies
‘used in the production of gold will be
given by the priority committee. This
action was taken on request of the
treasury department.
Italy got another credit of $100,000,
from the United States government
on July 19, and Belgium was given
$9,000,000 additional. This makes
Italy’s total loans from the United
States $760,000,000; Belgium’s total,
$145,250,000, and all the allies’ loans,
$6,380,040,000.
Senator Gore of Oklahoma attacked
the presidential veto of $2.40 wheat
Thursday In the senate. At the same
time he criticized southern senators for
refusing to hold out for a high wneat
price, although insisting upon a high
cotton price.
FOREIGN.
The highway mark of the German
offensive in France lias been reached.
The initiative is passing to the allied
and American armies. General March,
chief of staff, told this to memoers of
the senate military committee on Sat
urday. Later he announced that Amer
ican troop shipments had now.exceed
ed 1,200,000 men, insuring the man
power to hold the initiative on the
western front.
Former Emperor Nicholas of Russia
has been shot, ta Russian wireless
message announces. The former em
press und the young Alexis Romanoff,
the former heir-apparent, have been
sent to a place of security.
Japan will not send troops to Siberia
until a formal joint declaration of poli
cy by Japan and the United States
says a Tokio dispatch.
A Budapest dispatch says the Hun
garian suffrage reform bill has been
accepted by a large majority.
Everywhere in London the people
are talking about Foch. There is no
llght-hearteduess, because all know
that one successful attack does not
mean a decision, and that the pendu
lum will swing back and forth many
times before the hour of victory
strikes, nut Foen s move marks the
raising of the allied strength to a new
level. At last we are free from the
restraints of inferior numbers and un
favorable positions.
At the beginning of the present of
fensive about 400 Americans of all
kinds were held as prisoners in Ger
many, according to a report just re
ceived in Paris from the American
Itfed Cross in Switzerland. Two hun
dred nnd ninety of these were officers
and soldiers, eight were navy men, and
about a hundred were civilians.
The fruit crop in Germany, so im
portant to the empire’s food problem,
will not be so abundant as the record
crop of 1917, according to forecasts
available at Amsterdam. The produc
tion of apples, apricots and peaches
is expected to be below the average,
but the outlook for cherries and pears
is better for the Germans.
British aviators on the night of July
18-19 bombed and damaged the Ben/
works at Mannheim, Germany, the rail
way station at Heidelberg and bias)
furnaces at two other points.
The Finnish government has with
drawn its bill for constitutional mon
archy, and has declared the session of
the landtag closed, says a dispatch
from Stockholm.
Herbert C. Hoover, American food
controller, on July 19 arrived at a
British port from America.
Tlie Socialist Arbelter Zeitung of
Vienna says there is not doubt that
more than a million American troops
have arrived in Europe. It declares
that this, us a feat or organization, is
amazing.
The Americans and French began an
offensive on a front of twenty-six
miles on July 18, nnd when night came
hgd advanced six miles, capturing
twenty towns, a lurge number of prL
soners being taken, as well as many
guns^ and much ammunition.
Several south German papers, com
menting on the American successes In
counteruttucks, demand that the Ger
man high officers publish the facts
concerning “the American peril,” as it
Is evident that they now hold the
people in ignorance of the “new danger
to German military success.”
General John J. Pershing has been
awarded the grand cross of the Order
of the Bath, and General Tasker H.
Bliss, American representative at the
supreme war council, has been given
the grand cross of the Order of St
Michael and St. George.
HOW THE U. S. NAVY
BUYS ITS SUPPLIES
*
Purchasing Department Under Admiral McGowan, Has Met All Tests
Successfully—Centralization the Chief Merit of the
System—Complimented for Efficiency After
* Investigation by Congress.
Washington.—A business concern
which can increase its turnover 2,500
per cent in 12 mouths without radical
changes In method'would seem to bo
a pretty sound organization.
Amid all the expansion of govern
ment activities due to war, with far
reaching changes in methods of con
ducting business, reorganizations, In
crease in personnel, and addition of
wholly new departments, one big busi
ness agency of the government has
changed not at all, except In magni
tude. That agency is - the bureau of
supplies v and accounts of the navy,
which purchases practically everything
required by the navy except armor
plate, guns, and shells. It f*eds and
clothes the navy, buys its steft, met
als, lumber, textiles, and chemical!
provides transportation for the navy’s
supplies, coals its ships, and pays its
officers and men. During the last
year this bureau has been greatly en
larged by the addition of new officers,
technical experts from civil life, and
clerical workers, but its organization
and methods have fully met all tests
of war and have required practically
no change, says the New York Times.
After thorough investigation, con
gress recently declared this great busi
ness office of the navy to be notable
for efficiency, as well as one of the
biggest business enterprises In the
United States.
There are two reasons, for the effi
ciency—an excellent business system
and an excellent business man, Ad
miral McGowan, who first became
identified with the navy’s purchasing
affairs four years ago, after demon
strating his ability as purchasing offi
cer for the American fleet when it
went around the world.
it# timer mem.
The chief point of merit In the
navy’s purchasing system is centrali
sation. All its supply activities are
administered from Washington, no
matter how widely the American fleet
may be scattered over the world.
Ships are provisioned in the West In
dies, sailors are provided with warm
winter clothing for destroyer service
in the submarine zone around the Brit
ish Isles, coal is dispatched to ships
in the Philippines, nitrates are brought
from Chile, plothing Is manufactured
in New York and Norfolk, stores are
carried at Innumerable points ready
for delivery to ships at instant notice.
Yet all activities center in Washington,
and navy supply business is not only
kept under the eyes of a few execu
tives, but is expedited by a fine work
ing spirit.
Next to centralization and this fine
working spirit,- probably the most im
portant element In the system is pub
licity in dealing with the supply of
the navy’s innumerable needs. Under
pressure of war other departments
have found It expedient to set aside
the normal peace-time methods of pur
chasing under competitive bids, but the
navy has adhered to the method of
open bidding, with full publicity, on
the principle that the public, contrib
uting war funds by taxation, has a
right to know exactly and in the full
est detail how Its money is being ex
pended.
Another principle the navy adheres
to is that war demands should be met
by* the peace-time system of purchas
ing. Great as war demands are, they
call simply for an increase In volume
of business—not a change In the fun
damental method of conducting busi
ness. If the method has been proper
ly worked out in peace, it will meet
the exigencies of war.
Directed by McGowan.
If every Institution is the length
and shadow of one man, as Emerson
said, then the bureau of supplies and
accounts today reflects the personality
of Admiral Mcfiowan. When the bu
reau transacted its affairs with 28 peo
ple, he knew them all, and they work
ed under his eye every day, helped by
the optimism and energy which he ra
diates. After a year of war, with his
organization approaching 1,000 people,
he still knows them all and sees them
frequently, and maintains the original
spirit of organization by making un
limited demands upon each individual
for work, according to his or her capac
ity, with unstinted commendation for
all good work, whether the Job be
great or small.
When the strength of the navy was
about 64,000 officers and enlisted men
the bureau of supplies and accounts
did all Its purchasing and transporta
tion through naval officers of the pay
master’s corps. When war came, and
activities increased by several hun
dred per cent monthly, the organiza
tion was strengthened by taking on
about a dozen civilian experts from
business life wen who gladly resigned
good positions and large salaries with
private business concerns to don Uncle
Sam’s uniform and work day and night
for the comparatively slender salaries
of naval officers.
Other purchasing departments of
the government met their early war
problems by enlisting advisory com
mittees of business experts, who in
vestigated given problems outside,
compiled facts, made arrangements,
and offered suggestions. The navy,
on the contrary, took its civilian ex
perts in bodily, put them into uniform.
and made them part of the organiza
tion.
The navy needed steel for war, thou
sands upon thousands of tons of it,
for construction and other purposes.
It got a steel expert, S. R. Fuller, who
resigned from a big Chicago railway
supply concern and went to work In
the bureau of supplies and accounts
supervising the purchase of structural
steel forgings and castings for ships
and shipyards.
Gathers In Experts.
The navy needed cotton—millions of
yards of canvas, duck, drill, sheetings,
and uniform cloth. It got W. E. Hoop
er, a cotton mill executive, who imme
diately severed all connections In his
industry, sold his cotton mill Interests,
‘nvested the money in Liberty bonds,
and came Into the bureau.
The navy needed transportation on
sea and land. All the problems of
chartering ships for a world-wide dis
tribution of supplies, coal, and pro
visions going out to the fleet, and ni
trate and shellac coming back In na
val vessels were placed In charge of
Bevjamin T. Young, an expert on ship
chartering and ««ean transport, who
severed his connection with a big New
York shipping concern for the period
of the war. Transportation on land
was taken over by O. M. Ellsworth,
! who left a remunerative position with
| a big railway system to enter Uncle
: sam s service.
| The navy needed chemicals, and
Donald Riley came from a large chem
ical concern to take charge of this de
partment. It needed Industrial ac
counting, and a great accounting ma
chinery concern made arrangements
whereby C. S. Ashdown took that ac
tivity in hand, giving all his time to
the development of accounting sys
tems ns the bureau’s transactions mul
tiplied again and again. A department
to deal with foodstuffs was provided
under F. A. Tillman; another dealing
with lumber under C. M. Morford, and
another dealing with leather and al
lied materials under J. W. McIntosh.
The general standard of ability set
by the navy for its civilian experts is
that each man must be worth several
times what the navy pays him in sal
ary, and that he must come into the
organization for the period of the war
absolutely. “Outside talent with in
side control” is the principle followed,
and this has worked so well that the
navy has never been obliged to seek
advisory service outside its own or
MAKES NEW KIND OF MEAT
I-1
On the top floor of 641 Washington
street, New York city, is one "of the
most interesting kitchens in the world,
presided over by a Chinese woman
doctor. She recently spent six months
in a trip to China to study and ana
lyze the soy bean. Dr. Yamei Kin, for
that is her name, says that the protein
contained in the soy bean is equal to
that of meat and Is of great vaftie to
persons who cannot safely eat meat
It is a replacer of meat—a sort of
vegetable cheese. It forms no acid. It
Is an alkaline form of protein. Com
bined with hash or any form of meat
leavings it /onus u wonderful food
for diabetics, as the curd contains no
starch. When you eat ‘‘chop suey,”
“chow mein” and other dishes in Chi
nese restaurants, the salty black
sauce served with the food Is made
from soy beans. It Is by no me'ans
simply a condiment. It is as nutri
tious as a meat gravy. Excellent
cheese can also be made from them.
Doctor Kin says that she can make
roquefort cheese that smells and
looks like the real thing. She says
further that as the public becomes edu
cated to the obliging “soy" it will take
its place at the head of the proces
sion of American products. In all the
world there Is not a more misunder
stood vegetable than the soy b«il»»
soys Doctor Kin.
ganlzatlon. Growth has been entirely
from within out.
Can See Bids Opened.
In Sanda court, the bureau’s tem
porary structure In the central court of
the state, war and navy building, a
room Is provided which can be entered
by anyone without pass, question, or
formality. There Is an open door, en
tered from the street, giving access to
a room called “The Public’s Room,”
and there any person Interested In of
fering a bid on navy supplies or wish
ing to see that bids are opened fairly
can go and watch all transactions.
Employees engaged in opening the
thousands of bids received daily work
in open view of any person who wants
to enter this room. As fast as bids
are opened the amounts of each Item
are posted In books and placed upon
counters, where anyone may examine
them, learning all the facts about the
prices bid by competitors.
Admiral McGowan’s views on pub
licity for government purchases are
very pronounced.
“In handling other people’s money
things must not only be right,” he
says, “but they must look right.” And
the best way of having them look right
In his belief, is to let the public super
vise operations to the utmost extent.
Only in war has the navy found It
necessary to keep any Information
about Its purchases confidential, and
even in war secrecy Is necessary for
but a very small fraction of the pur
chasing, where knowledge of details
might afford assistance to the enemy.
Centralized purchasing with a well
planned organization has made It pos
sible for the navy to Increase Its turn
over many thousand per cent, not mere
ly without congestion or other diffi
culties, but with actual Increase in
incomes and efficiency. As purchases
have grown larger and more numerous
they have been handled with greater
speed and at lower cost.
Quality Safeguarded.
And with growth and magnitude
there has been every care to safeguard
the quality of supplies purchased for
the navy. When we entered the war
confusion existed In commodity mar
kets, and there was apparent short
age of wool and other supplies. It was
believed for a time that navy specifi
cations would have to be revised, with
a lowering of quality. But the bureau
of supplies and accounts took a deter
mined stand on that point. Very often,
In view of assumed conditions. It look
ed like a stiff-necked stand against
reasonableness. Despite a wide-spread
belief among textile men that navy
uniforms would have to be made partly
of shoddy, if the enormous require
ments were to be promptly met, the
bureau refused to consider any lower
ing of its standards for uniform cloth,
and, through the department of agri
culture, secured actual figures regard
ing the available wool stock In this
cou-* .ry at that time. This survey not
only proved that there was ample wool
in the country for military purposes,
but checked a wildly rising market.
The same stand has been taken m
food for our sailors, coal for battle
ships, and practically every article re
quired by the navy.
"The best that Is humanly possible,"
says Admiral McGowan, “is none too
good for the men at the front, wheth
er they be In the army or navy. I
hold myself personally accountable tq
every father, and every mother, find
every wife, and every sweetheart, Chat
the men i have any supervision and
care over are as well clothed and as
well fed as It Is possible for them to
be. I acknowledge that as a personal
responsibility resting on me. I freely
acknowledge It; excuses are not re
ceivable, and alibis are not accepted.
What we want for the navy is the
best!”
. ""‘a
SEEKS SERVICE FOR REVENGE
Harold Bowen Saw “Red" When He
Heard Brother Had Been Wound
ed In France.
Sioux Falls, S. D.—When Harold
Bowen of Hartford, S. D., was advised
that his brother, William Bowen, had
been wounded while on the firing line
in France with other American troops,
he Immediately commenced to see
“red,” and hastened to Sioux Falls in
an effort to be assigned to early serv
ice in France so he could avenge the
wounding of his brother.
Harold Bowen was a selective draft
man, and stood well down the list. He
appealed to the local exemption board
in Sioux Falls and begged to be accept
ed Into the service at once, out of his
turn, In order that he could get to
France with the least possible delay so
he could kill a few Germans.
His plea was accepted by the mem
bers of the exemption board, and
young Bowen departed to undergo
training at Camp Lewis, Wash., pre
liminary to being sent to the battle
line In France.
| MOTHER TAKES LIFE •
$ WHEN SON JOINS NAVY £
•& _ •
• 4
■0 Memphis, Tenn.—When Mrs. •
• Sarah Brewer, forty-five, mother
• of Harry Brewer, eighteen,
^ heard that Harry had enlisted £
<x in the navy she exclaimed: •
• “Now I have nothing to live ^
• for,” and then swallowed a fa- -d
• tal dose of -carbolic acid. *
<i •
Football Team Enlists.
St. Louis.—Thirteen Illinois miners,
and all British subjects, enlisted In
a body at the local British-Canadlan
Recruiting Mission headquarters. They
comprise the membership of the Brit*
Ish-Amerlcan Football club of Spring
field, III.
0'
MORE HORSES NOW ON FARMS
Increase In Number of Animals Not.
withstanding Large Use of
Motor Vehicles.
(Prepared by the United States Depart
ment of Agriculture.)
Substitutions for the horse have so
fur failed to diminish his number on
farms, where he is mostly bred. The
railroad did not verify the common
prophecy of the horse’s gloomy future
nearly a century ago, and many years
elapsed before the heyday of the bi
cycle arrived with Its expected menace
to the horse. That machine of pleas
ure and toil diverted attention from
the first real antagonist of the horse,
the electric street railway, and this
was a formidable one. Street-car serv
ice could not have been developed by
horses to the extent that It has been
carried by electricity, yet there was an
enormous displacement of horses
when they no longer pulled street cars.
It Is roughly estimated that 2,000,000
horses would be required to move the
street cars now in city service, and
that farmers would need to keep a
stock of perhaps 3,000,000 horses to
produce this supply. Yet, horses kept
on increasing.
Apparently the most effective foe of
the horse has appeared in the last ten
years in the motor vehicle, although
its importance in this respect is pop
ularly exaggerated. According to sta
tistics collected by the United States
department of agriculture, the total
state registrations of motor cars were
48,000 in 1906, about 500,000 in 1910,
over 1,000,000 in 1912, over 2,400,000 in
1915, and 3,512,996 in 1916.
Automobiles do not merely displace
horses but ninny ore used by men in
occupations dependent-on either horses
or automobiles for personal movement,
such as real estate agents, builders,
and some merchants and manufactu
rers, and there is also the large public
automobile passenger service in cities
and, again, the lnrge number of auto
mobiles owned by farmers in place of
driving horses.
With motor trucks and commercial
vehicles the case is different. Here is
clearly a complete substitution of fuel
power for horse power. It is the opin
ion that every motor truck on the av
erage displaces three horses. The state
records often merge the registration
of motor trucks and commercial ve
hicles with that of automobiles, but,
to the extent that the separation Is
mnde, It is known that 118,682 of the
former were registered in 1916. Prob
ably the displacement of horses by mo
tor trucks and commercial vehicles
i ———■■
.
American-Bred Percheron Mare, the
Type That Is Always in Demand.
represents a stock on farms of a few
million horses, and jto Jjigse .must be
added the stock eliminated by the au
tomobile.
Last of all, the farm tractor has ap
peared, with conjectural possibilities,'
but as yet with no perceptible dis
placement of horses.
Unusual and large demands for
horses for war purposes have been
made since the autumn of 1914. Dur
ing the ten years preceding, from 19,
000 to 40,000 horses were exported an
nually, while the Imports were from
5,000 to 33,000, so that the net exports
were no appreciable draft on domes
tic production. In the first year of the
war 289,340 horses were exported, in
the second 357,553, and in the third
278,674 horses, and within less than a
year the needs of the army of this
country have called for a large number
of horses.
Notwithstanding the various forces
that have been working against in
crease of horses at their breeding
places, or rather, in common expecta
tion, to reduce their numbers at a
strong rate, the fact is that horses on
farms increased at the average yearly
rate of 183,000 since 1900 and more
than that since 1910, or 216,000 per
year. Per capita of the population,
farm horses tended to Increase from
0.19 of 1 horse In 1850 to 0.24 in 1890
and 1900, after which the decline has
been to 0.20*4 In 1918, or still above
1850. At the same time, however, by
means of machinery the farm horse
has constantly gained as a producer.
Strange though it may seem, the av
erage price of a horse at the farm,
all ages and conditions included, is
less than It was four years ago, and
even eight years ago. Since 1897
horse prices at the farm for January
1 had risen from $31.51 to $111.46 by
1911, the highest average in the de
partment of agriculture's record of 58
years, but a decline followed to $101.60
Id 1916 and then a gain to $104.28 In
1918, apparently caused by the war.