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IJiisrfllanw items, ,„ lfT RAL J. RJACHES) GED - BUGS. INSECTS- &C, NEW YORK, April 12, 1856. —MR. 11K \1 \Vi I. COST All, No. 388 Broad- j way . />< <//• Sir: Having a great many I Rats u round my stable and shop, I thought i I would try your Hat Exterminator, aijcC bought one OF YWR boxes, and my MAN tix-M acceding to your directions. — The next morning he found oyer 150 rats, j I have bought others ltat EOISON AND; l.uudthem HNMBUGS, and takegFeat pleas- j ore in pronouncing thjs no humbug, and that it will do more thqn you say it will in your advertisements. I have also tried jt on steamboats, and satisfied them that )t is the greatest thing of the age. JiespeetfulJy Yours, J. S. UNDERBILL, No. 435 10th st. NOTICE TO ALL CONCERNED. —The maud for "Cwstars" Remedies for the de struction uf the above pests, haying occa siuued an unlimited correspondence in re* gard to prioea , etc., the proprietor has detlnninnd to publish the same in hb advancements hereaftct. pre fers that every city, town and villiage shall he supplied through its own Drwj gtits and Ueulcr?, but, in caces where th|s is iiupractihle he will forward small orders by Mail or Express, on receipt of the price, with snlficient to prepay the aauic. Hee advertisement, with reeail pr|ces, etc.j ill another column, Hon. Frank P. Blair, of St. Rouis, has a brother, James G. Blair, residing in Be wis county Missouri, who like "Frank," is in favor of ridding his State of Slavery. The "National Democracy" of Clark conc ty held a meeting at the county scat, Wat erloo, a few days ago, and James G. Blair was culled upon to addaess them, which he did. He "declared his oposi-. tion to the agitation of the slavery ques tion, but at the same time ad m:ted that he looked forward witn , to the coming of the time when slavery would be blotted out in Missouri, Mr. Blair said, that while, he endorsed the princU. pies of non-intervention, he felt that he had a right to entertain a private opinion with regard subject of Slavery." The seems to be of troubles brewing between the president and Vice President. Tho New Orleans Delta, a Journal in the interest of the latter, grumbles thus at the way in which he is treated: \v c are aware in tlie estimation of tlie public generally, the Vice President is regarded as possessing imuiense intlaeuee, and particularly iu the distribution of of fices, yet we should not be surprised if even the popular and able gentleman who had peer, called upon by the very gener al voiec of the nation to till that place fur the current four years, be absolutey without the power to obtain for a friend nji office in any Department of Govern inent worth a hundred dollars per month, j MESSRS, GREGG AND BENSON, —-Dur- ing the past day or two we have had the pleasure of several meetings with Messrs. Gregg and Benson, the former member of the Senate from this District, and the latter member of the House from our llepresentative District, who came here on the melancholly duty of accompanying the remains of their late fellow-member, Col. Petrikin, to this place. Thoy are gentlemen of intelligence and respectabil ity and every way worthy of the posi tions they hold, and are an honor to the districts they represent. We hope we may always be as respectably represented in the House, as we have been the past vyinter, and in the Senate during the sen atorial term of Col. Gregg.— Muncy Lu minary. It will be recolected that Gov. Robinson, of Kansas, was arrested in Mis souri, without any legal authority, carried back to Kansas, and imprisoned several months on a charge of treason. After all this, a nolle prosequi has been entered in his case, showing there was no foundation for the charge. It is thought that the eases of others, who haye been similarly outraged, will terminate in the same way, —Northern Independent. C. Bryant Es<p, Editor of the N. Y. Eve. Post, Sailed for Europe recently, accompanied by his wife and daughter. He will visit the principal places of interest, aud return at the end of a year. Sanders, white, and Thomas Nathans, negro, convicted ot Kidnapping, in Dauphin County, have been sentenced and to a tine of So costs, and imprisonment for a term of five years at hard labor. slie JJottrr Journal COl PERfPOBT, I*A., T. S, CHASE, EDITOR m PUBLISHER. 4 !Ve>v yolinuftßud A New Drew. —. * It is with emotions of great pleasure that we send out the present issue of tho JOURNAL. The first number of " POTTER COUN TY JOURNAL" was issued BY W. ML M'DOUG ALL, on the Ist of Jam 1848, who promised among other things to make it " bold and independent": not receiving and adopting the opinions of our public men, unless they are in ac cordance with the principles of justice. ' How well this promise has been fulfilled, we leave for our readers to determine. — Wo are however free to say, that Mr. M'DOUGALL labored hard, and sacrificed much to redeem this promise, and we think lie succeeded far beyond the ex- pectations of his best friends. Its pres ent conductors have d<mo what they eould to sustain the character given to it, by its founder, and we sond it forth to day, proud of its reputation, proud of ifs useful ness, and proud of its appearance. Here after wo hope none of its patrons will have reason to complain of its mechani cal department. We have changed the name again, or rather, restored its first one, leaving out County, which Was useless, and made the head too long, and gave it a crowyded ap pearance. The present name will indicate its lo cality, as well as its character; and we trust the smiling countenance which our new and heautiful head gives to our first page, will secure the approbation of all twir old friends, and bring to our support a large number of new ones, Our uew typo is from t,he celebra ted Foundry of L. JOHNSON A CO., i'hil adclphia, the reputation of which is too well known to need our willing word of ouwinendation. As to the course of the JOURNAL., we think little need be said. What it has been in the past, so it will be in the fu ture only more so —"bold and indepen dent. ' We shall not adopt the opinious of our public men, not even the Judges of the Supremo Court of the I nited States, " unless, (as was stated in our first number) they are in accordance with the principles of Justice." We shall advooate the principles of tho Declaration of Independence with all our ability, and shall labor for overthrow of the Slave power, as the worst enemy this Nation ever had to contend with.— Slavery in all its forms is odious, and every true man should labor for its anni hilation. Intemperance is a blighting ourse wher ever it prevails, and therefore we must oppose it. Ignorance is the mother of vice, which is a good reason why the .Journal should be the fast friend of Education, and of every institution calculated to insure the I intelligence of the people. Thanklul for the generous support of a few patrons, we ask all who desire the prosperity of tho County to lend a holp iug hand j and thus we begin a new vol ume. Btey'The Legislature of this state ad journed on Friday last, after a lung and laborious session. Our member, Hon. Isaac Benson, re turned to his home, iu good health on Monday evening. Mr, 13, has been a working member, always in his seat and always voting the wishes of his constituents. The Summit Bank bill, to be located at this place, passed the House, but failed in the Senate, because we were less fortunate in onr Representative in that 1 body, than in the House. The new apportionment bill, published in this number of the Journal, }s far more favorable to our county than we had a right to expect, which is owing in part to the position our member acquired in the Ilouse. We have not time to notice the mass of Legislation of the past Session. We have watched tho course of Mr. Benson, through the winter, we think he deserves to receive the hearty greeting of his con stituents of done thou good and i faithful servant" .unu HaT'We last evening attended the Lec ture on Chemistry by Dr. Hendrickat the . Coudersport Academy. The Science of practical Chemistry is one but little known tamong our farmers, and it is to be regret ed that it is so much neglected in the edu cation of those who are to till the soil. The Lecture of last evening, though elemen ; tarv, was highly interesting to all present and particularly&o to the students. The Dr. lectures again on Friday night and our citizens should avail themselves of the ; opportunity to hear this important-subject j Ueated in an interesting and instructive way. i a - plant Every Foot of Ground* The great scarcity of provisions at the West as well as in other sections of our j Country should induce the farmers of this County to plant every foot of availa- j bin ground, Corn meal Is worth at ■ present So, 00 per hundred in Couder-, 1 sport, and it will doubtless he higher be- j ' fore harvest, for corn is now worth two ! ilollurs bushel ip the hart of lowa. j ! And these prices will be pretty sure (o continue for move than a year to come, i ' for so many people have gone west this 1 1 spring, and so much money has been • withdrawn from agricultural purposes to invest in land speculating, that there must of necessity be less grain raised than last year, Another reason is thus stated by the X. Y. Eve. Post, " The danger is, however, that there will not be seed enough left in the West to plant hmd on au average area. High, prices ordinarily tempt the farmer ito "sow and plant u wider surface, but when farmers are feeding wheat to their horses, and people are obliged to subsist on one meal uf corn or flour a day, it is j ! not likely that au average quantity of j | seed will be reserved for planting. Un-, der these circumstances it is premature | to calculate upon any great abundance or 1 considerable reduction in the price of j provisions during the coming year." Therefore we urge our farmers to rely upon themselves, It is not safe to rely I upon the West, and if it was, why should | not our own farmers reap the benefit of the almost starving prices which are near, ly certain to rulo for a year to eome. | Of the present condition of the West, ! the N. Y. Eve. iW says: In lowa the traveller finds no hay or I straw fur horses at any of the hotels. — At Des Monies corn is considered cheap at two dollars, and can scarcely be had at that. It is reported that five dollars is the regular price in many places between there and Council Bluffs. Dead horses and cattle along the road are said to be ; ordinary sights. Wheat seems to be nearly as scarce as corn and hay. Flour is selling at five dollars and fifty cents' per hundred and rising. High as this price is, farmers who could afhird it were feeding their carriage-horses on wheat. The suffering in Michigan has been iso extreme that public meetings have been held and measures taken by the pub lic authorities for relieving the detitute. The llelief Committee of Lansing report that in Gratiot county people were sel ling their land for means to get away with o §# w I —that none have provisions to last more than two or three weeks. What they' have, consists of flour .and meal merely; they have no moat, the smoke last fall from the extensive tires having driven oil the deer. One of the most substantial farmers in the town of Arcadia reports that in his neighborhood most of the families have only a few potatoes left for seed; they have divided with each other until they can divide no more, and have seed to plant. Euuli has from one to three bush • els. He had last season one and a half acres of tine corn, that was cut off by an early frost when it was in the milk, and he could only use it for provender for his cattle. The cattle have had to subsist mostly through the winter on browse. — He heard of neighborhoods north of hint from ten to thirty and even sixty ,miles, that have nothing but oats to boil fur food, and that one woman and two or three children west of him, in Montcalm, county had died for want of food." Let us be thankful that we are so j highly favored as tube in nosuoh danger as is here described, and let us show our , thankfulness by improving the soil under our control to the best of our ability. The following local laws have passed the Legislature and received the signature of the Governor during session. An act to release the Prothonotary of . I Potter County from certain taxes. An act providing for the support of the Couderaport Academy. An act to incorporate the navigation of the Oswayo creek, in the county of • Potter. An act to increase the pay of County > Commissioners and Auditors in the coun i ty of Potter. An act legalizing elections held in Pot ter county. An act to establish the township of | Jackson, in the county of Potter, into a seperate election district, and to change ' the time of holding the spring elections I in said county. Supplement to an act entitled, "An Act to prevent the hunting of deer with dogs in the counties of Tioga, Schuylkill, i ' Potter and Elk, in the townships of Ar ■ maugh and Braton in the county of Mif ( flin and in the townships of Blair, Frank towu and North Woodbury in Blair county. A supplement to an act Incorporating 5 the Coudersport, Portage and Allegheny - River Railroad company. : The Ilarrisburge Telegraph thus brief ly sums up the work of the Legislature having a general significance: ■ " Amongst .the important public acts . passed are the Apportionment act, which • was peculiar to the 1 , session; the act for th| sale of the Main Line of the public works; the General Appropriation law; the act reorganizing the department of the Attorney General; and the act pro viding for the certain collection and se i eurity of the public revenues. Of the, private measures, the session has been most remarkable for the number of new Ranks tUt have been chartered, and charters of old ones extended, and the [ capital increased. These measures, pub-1 ! lie and private, we have no doubt will | i have an important and beneficial influence upon the interests and general prosperity jof the Commonwealth." Tlie New Apportionment. We give below the New Apportion-j meut Bill as we find it in the Daily Record. We regard it as a very fair bill for all parties: SENATORIAL DISTRICTS. i The city of Philadelphia, 4 I Chester and Delaware, 1 , Montgomery, 1 Bucks, 11 Lehigh and Northampton, 1 ' Berks, 1 Sohuylkill, 1 Carbon, Monroe, Pike and Wayne, I. Bradford, Susquehanna, SullLyiup, aud | Wyoming, 1 I Luzerne, 1 ; Tioga, Potter, M'Kean and Warren, 1 j Clinton, Lycoming, Centre and' Union, 1 Snyder, Northumberland., Montour and Columbia, 1 ' Cumberland, Perry, Juniata and Mifflin 1 Dauphin and Lebunon, 1 j Lancaster,; 2 York, _ 1 | Adams, Franklin and Fulton, I j Somerset, Bedford and Huntingdon, 1 Blair, Cambria and Clearfield, 1 1 Indiana and Armstrong, 1 Westmoreland and Fayette,. 1 Washington, and Greece, 1 | Allegheny, 2 Beaver and Butler, Lawrence, Morcer, and Venango, 1 Erie ana Crawford,. 1 Clarion, Jefferson, Forest and Elk, 1 Whole number of Senators, 3d REPRESENT AT tV E lUSTIUCTS, Philadelphia city,. I < Delaware county, 1 Chester, 3 Montgomery, • ; Bucks, - I Northampton, - , Lehigh and ( a. bull, Monroe and 1 ike, 1 Wayne, 1 1 Luzerne, 3 Susquehanna, 1 i Bradford, 2 Wyoming, Sullivan*. Columbia and Montour, 2 : Lycoming aud Clinton, 2' Centre, 1 'Mifflin, 1 'pllnion, Snyder and Juniata,. 2 Northumberland, 1 Schuylkill, 3 Dauphin, 2 'Lebanon, 1 1 Berks, 3 Lancaster, 4 ' York, 2 Cumberland and Perry, 2 Adams, 1 Franklin and Fulton, 2 Bedford aud Somerset, 2 i, lluutingdou,.. 1 i flair, 1 • Cambria, 1 Indiana, 1 ! Armstrong and Westmoreland, 3 ■'Fayette, 1 " i Greene, 1 i Washington, 2 Allegheny, 5 , Beaver aud Lawrence, 2 Butler, 2 I Mercer and Venango, 2 > Clarion and Forest, \ ' Jefferson, Clearfiield, Elk and M'Kean, 2 Crawford aud Warren, 2 Erie, 2 1 Potter and Tioga. 2 ,i Whole number of members, 100 For the Journal. PkjsUcai Education. That our ohildren should be morally ! and intellectually educated is universally i conceded. The best teachers that can be had are very properly employed and paid i high salaries for the purpose of drawing out, and properly cultivating their moral i and intellectual faculties. But how is it in regard to their physical education; is i it not left to chance 1 r How many, both teachers and parents, i are ignorant of the laws which govern ; our physical natures. Now it is; signifi cant fact, that whether knowingly or ig norantly we violate nature's laws, we in -1 variably suffer the penalty annexed tosuch , violation. Can anything compensate us for ■ the loss of health ? Health ina} r be truly said to be the first requisite of earthly . enjoyment, and without it we are misera ble indeed, though possessed of all the , | wealth ot the Indies, Multitudes of the . | young are almost daily laid in the silent I tomb, the victims of violated physical - laws; thousands more arc dragging out a miserable existence, suffering more than death itself, from tfis~sahi£ cause. Is it not then all-important, that we early become acquainted with the princi ples relative to our physical constitutions ? Now it is an undeniable factj tliat theA arf kees as a people or a nation, suffers more than any other people, savage or civilized, under lleaven. The fresh countenances and robust forms of foreigners especially the females, proves sufficiently my asser tion ; while we claim to be the best edu cated generally, of any people on the face of the globe, this ought not to be said of us. Superior knowledge and the means of protecting ourselves from the elements and making ourselves comfortable, cer tainly should not make u,s sickly. By some this is attributed to the c&nmte and by others to eating too much saleratus, (Peoples Journal May 7,) but we think without reason, as the Indian generally enjoys good health, while undergoing hard ships that would kill a Yankee outright. We are disposed to attribute it tothe im proper education of the young* They have been aud are still,altogether too much confined in badly ventilated school houses, aud above all, and worse than alt, they are not allowed amusements enough, or rather, time enough foe amusement. Our Puritan forefathers with, all their manly virtues and generally correct mor al principles had their faults. In their stem and ascetic code of morals all amuse ments were regarded as frivolous and'un becoming for Christians to indulge hi, : — They were generally styled the vain amuse ments of this world, and the young es pecially were cautioned to avoid, them, as they would inevitably lead' to vice. In nocent amusements were strangely mixed up and confounded with those that were vicious, aud all w.cre alike under the ban of soeiety. In this zeal for religion and education (tluijris, intellectual education) the physical education of the child v.as entirely overlooked; and we, their degen erated children (physically 1 moan) have inherited their opinions. Now that ex *l perience has demonstrated this plan of education to be w.rong, let us return to, and follow tlip dictate of nature, and al low and encourage the innocent amuse ments of the-vjiner. Let.yards be fitted up. and pUty-rooms for the had weather be attatclicd t<> ou.r sohvtol houses. 1 hen let our Teachers take pmt in, and direct the a;nusci.K'Ut> uf the.- scholars. those amusements ho such ;s will excite the mind and. strengthen the bodies cf the children, and let as- much.time l>c de voted to Gymnastics or other exercises, as to the study of books, and my word for it, we shall find, tjbii kenjih a.ud, mm<l of our children improving in compound ratio. Let Physiological science be more gcnerall; understood,, both by Teacher.- and Parents, and the ujuveisal Yankee Nation will be as healthy as any other.. IioMKRs, IVoi'f liei-ii Peusj ivuuun. Having iu previous articles refered to the want of wisdom in seeking investments in the remoter quarters of the Union, in preference to our own commonwealth, by those whe are either forgetful or ignorant of the vast resources and internal riches of Pennsylvania, we propose to-day to mark out a single section of her territory, and glance at its topography and produc tions, byway of illustration. And in doing this, we will not select for our exam ple the anthracite coal regions of Schuyl kill or Luzerne, teeming with buried treasure; nor the fertile farming districts of Berks or Lancaster, where every acre is a solvent bank, paying upon demand its tribute of wealth, with the minimum amount of previous cultivation. On the jcontrary, we will ''stake out" a tract of but six smalt oouuties on the west branch of the Susquehanna river—Lycoming, Cliuton, Potter, Centre, Clearfield aud Elk —of which at loast one half their aggregate avwa oonsists of unseated lands. We might also iuclude in the list the al most neglected counties of Mclvean, For rest, Warren and Erie, which at some future period, when the communication is completed which shall place them on j equal terms with the more favored sections of the State, will yield more munificently to their possessors, perhaps, than any I intervening region back to the placers ; of California. We hear muoh laudation of the inex haustable fertility of the rich bottom lands of the James river, of the fruitfulness of i the prairies iu Illinois, and of the sponta ! neous vegitation in many sections of the West. We would be the last to depreci i ate such manifest advantages as these ; ! yet, in the quarter of Pennsylvania to l which the reader's attention is now direct led, the actual attractiveness to the settler, ' the capitalist, and the speculator, who vrm givfr the least threcfuld. For the wealth of this region lies, if we may so speak, in triple strata —the forrest; the virgin soil, which plough never yet has broken ; and the literally inexhaustable mineral treasure which uuderlies it. We do uot, however desire to.convey the idea that the sagaeity of business men and capitalists has entire ly overlooked this teeming country. () Q the contrary, men of means from our own and the eastern States, in particular, are reaping large revenues from its coal mines and its forests. Our present object is to indicate to those in pursuit of shadows at remote distances, that much more tama ble results may be obtained within a sin gle day's journey from this city, provided the acuteness of other settlers does not anticipate them. The counties we have named arc situ ate in the valley of the Susquehanna, on the line of the Suubury and Erie rail road completed as far as Williamsport, the county seat of Lycoming. In a very short period, these counties will be the principal source to which the entire coun try must look for any considerable supply of lumber. The forests of Maine have now nearly disappeared; and like the wild pigeons which traverse the country in search of their favorite mast when,the present supply is exhausted, the eastern lumberman are fast possessing themselves of the most valuable of our Pennsylvania timber lanj&s.. The fact that those upon the Lehigh and the North Branch of the Susquehanna arc rapidly being exhausted,, tends only to reduplicate the value of those which remain intact. To quote the phrase of Professor Roberts, of this city, these iands constitute one wast "pine. i/," though a large part of which, perhaps,, no. human being, save some hardy survey or, cr hunter, ever made a pathway. The timber is, of course, of first growth, and consequently of great size, most tempting to the practised and professional eye of the lumberman, who as he scans it takes no thought of the grandure and sublimity of a primeval forest, but sees before him, as it were,, a vast plantation of bank nates. Let us examine what these lumbermen luiv.e alhgady accomplished towards fore stalling others in securing the usufruct of some ofthese timber bcariug counties. Theyaukees, who had forsaken the de nuded hills of Maine, have introduced a system, of extending booms across the riv er, s • I'uit logs thrown into it at points as far as a hundred and fifty miles above, are as cetaih. to be caught as though thrown into the stratuu within a mile dis tant. Every owner marks his logs with a peculiar cut of the axo, and when the river becomes sufficiently high, gangs of men drive them down the stream, dis lodging them as they stick upon the margen until tlicy are caught by the booms. At these points are erected mammoth gang saw mills, propelled by steam, the slabs and saw dust furnishing ample fuel. These mills run from 120 to l<iO sws eroh, and eaoh produces from the rough sticks from 90 to 100 M every twenty-four hour. Gang mills are those containing rows of saws, as many as twenty-eight being secured in one frame,, and cutting the largest sticks into planks or boards by once passing through the ; logs Xorth Amn iron. JfeF'Tlic Harrisbuvg /Ave/' 7 edited by •John J. Clyde,,who is also President of the American State Council, and \vt:s a straight out Fillmore man last November, says-tr—"A few. straight out Avaevieans* vv fio, for reasons best known to themselves disapprove of the Union movement which resulted, in. the nomination of David Wil iaot for Governor, have issued a call for an American State Convention at lam-, caster on. the l2sth of this mouth. There has been no response to the call, except in one or two. counties, the ma s of 1 He- Ame.icaus deprecating the movement as one designed tu divide and distract t"C (ipposition, and give aid and comfort to the Democratic, ant'-American pro-slave ry party. The Americans of the various counties were fully and fairly represented, in the State Convention —their delegates went there in good f *th, prepared to abide the result v.navever it might be and casting a.side all person. 1 preferences, llie Americans of the State generally cor dially endorse the ac( 1 n oi tim ( onven tion and will give a hearty support to the nominees. The evidence of this may be fuund in the action of the Slate Council, and most ot the subordinate Councils. — Manj honest Americans were misled last year, and made to play "second fiddle ' to the Democratic party and their foreign llomish allies. They will be careful not to make a similar fatal mistake this year. The tone and temper of the American press throughout the State indicate that the Union movement is complete aud perfect in all its parte, and tliaf the Americans and Republicans, occupying the same platform, and rallying underlie same banner, will present a solid front to the Rurriish and Slavery Ratalli rns, and march onward to certain victory, ' lie right spirit is abroad, and all attempts to distract and divide the opposition win prove abortive." iQrOut for Wilmot—the >uily #<> the old Native American paper of l'liiD* delphia city. It gives "side-door a " derson particular "fits." Ry-the-by,tb e Sun is one of the most spirited papers W the city.