The miners' express., April 24, 1849, Image 1

About The miners' express. (Dubuque, Iowa) 1849-1854

Image provided by: State Historical Society of Iowa

                
A,.
J1
li
PROFESSIONAL GARDS.
THOMAS ROGERS. WM. JOSHUA BARNEY.
TtOGERS & BAUJV'EYJ
ATTORNEY S AT LAW, AND SOLICITORS IN
CHANCERY.
OFFICE, west side JUain between 3rd
and 4th streets DUBUQUE, IOWA.
Dec. 10 n!3tf.
W
Y. LOVEI.L. DENJ. M. SAMUKLS.
LOVELL &. SAMUELS
ATTORNEYS
S.
AT LAW. office OVER
Hammond's Store, Main-street, Du­
buque, Iowa 13.
C. C. ROCKWELL,
ATTORNEY
AND COUNSELLOR AT
Law, andSolicitorin Chancery—Lexing
on, Jones county, Iowa. '47n47
LINCOLN CLARKv
ATTORNEY
& COUNSELOR AT LAW,
has settled in Dubuquo,. and will devote
himself to the business of tho profession. Of
fice over tho hardware store of Messrs. J. P.
Farley & Co. 1847-v7n8-tf
GEORGE MADEIRA,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW.
Dubuque, Iowa Territory.
OFFICE AT THE COURT HOUSE.
STEPHEN HEMPSTEAD,
A O N E Y A N
COUNSELOR AT LAW ANDSOLICITO
IN
CHANCERY.
OFFICE IN THE COURT HOUSE.
AUGUST 28, 1841. 4-
D®L W. SG©TT,
CONTINUES TO PRACTICE TIIE VA
RIOUS BRANCHES OF HIS PROFES
SION.
"FICE and residence, corner of 6th and
Iowa streets. Wishing to avail himself
of every mc-ans that may aid in restoring all'
derangemen's of the human organization, he
has recently procured one
of Dr. G. B. Barrett's
Lele-tro Galvanometers, which is admirably
adapted to the treatment of many forms of dis
oase, to which many, who are being duily treat
ed, can attest.
Dubuque. Iowa. Feb. 6, 1849. 23-ly.
DOCTOR II. HOLT
RESPECTFULLYcitizens
F~75:JIAN
FDrug
tenders his professional
servicosto the of Dubuque, and
vicinity.
O^Enquire at the Express Office.
DR. J. B. HENION,
SURGEON DENTIST.
DUBUQUE, IOWA.
Office i'i hie ncidence on Locust street, next
door to IV".
1348.
June 3,
W. Cornell's.
AMBROSE CRANE.
AND SURGEON.
Oil D-i. CRANEenquireat Gillespies,
Store during the day, and at hie
rasidence, opposite Mrs. Dixon s during the
night.
DR. n.17. LEE,
WOULD
respectfully return his sinccro
thanks to the citizens of Dubuque and
vicinity, for the liberal patronage he has re
ceived during the last year and a 1ml f, '.r.d hopes
by strict attention lo business, to merit a con
tinuance of the same. lie is confident that all
operations upon the Tooth and (iums, will be
performed in a manner that cannot fail to
please* Ho will keep constantly on hand a
good assortment of TOOTH POWDERS,
Tooth Brushes, and Tinctures for diseased
Gums.
0"Charges low, and terms easy.
OFFICE at his residence, on Locust-street,
five doors north of tho Methodist Church,
where he may he found at all times.
June 7th, 1848. 40-tf.
Now is the time for the Farmers.
NOW IS YOUR TIME TO BUY SALT.
Sacks G. A. Salt, on consignment,
mU and for sale at §2.00 per eack, al
so 25 bbls. of Saline Salt, a new aaticlc in
the market, and fit cither fr the table, the
butter tub, or the meat barrel, for sale to
suit purchasers by
B. J.
O'LLALLORAN.
Telegraph Corner, Oct. 31,1948.
MONEY REMITTED
TO
any part of Europe, in Sight Bills-,
also, Steerage Passage procured for
Emigrants, whose friends may wish to pay
the money for the same in this country.
Persons having money or debts to collect
in Europe, will receive prompt attention.
For terms and any further information on
thia subject apply to
ROBERTSON & HOLLAND,
Land Agents.
Dubuquo, April 29th, 1848—If
TO FARMERS.
THEa
highest market price for WHEAT,
of good quality will be paid in CASH
at the Dubuque City Mills, by
NADEAU, ROGERS «$• CO.
Dec. 19, 1848. lfi tf
STAVES AND IIOOP LES,
WANTED
at the Dubuque City Mills, for
which tho highest prices will be said.
NADEAU, ROGERS CO.
Q00PERS3
CGOPRS!
A N E immediately, several good
COOPERS, to make Flour Barrels, to
whom liberal wyges will be paid, at tho Du
buquo City Mills.
NADEAU, ROGERS & CO.
Dec. 19,1848. IG-tf
HE subscribers have on hand and offer o
85 Sacks good Rio Coffee.
15 Iihds. Sugar of different qualities.
1 cask fresh Rice.
20 kegs Nails,
10 half chests and boxes Imperial Tea,
COFFEE—Princc
100
Havana, S.
lava cof
Rio, green
Domingo, Luguyree. and Java coffee
forsalaby [n37j
B'. J. O'llALLORAN
GARDEN SEED.
IKitehenr2-'?'t-sd
HAVZ this day Seeds of 1848
Garden and Flower Seeds in great
variety, of Iowa and foreign growth.
T. MASON.
Dubucue, Feb. I3th, 1849.
TIL ASPORTATION LINE.
vrcrrsigned will commence regular
tripe, from Dubuquo to Chicago, on the
lUlh inst.
All persons wishing transportation of mer
chandise, or passage, or any business transact
ed with promptness and dispatch, can have it
done by calling on the subscriber, or in his ab
sence, at Langworthy'sStore.
II IK AM C. PIERCE.
Dubuque, April 5d. 1849. 31-Gms
KE'jS White Lead and 200 of Red
Lead for sale by T.MAS&N.
R. C. WAPJ.KS E. P. ZIUKLE-
WAPLES & ZIRKLE,
WHOLESALE & RETAIL DEALERS IN DRY
GOODS, GROCERIES, &C.
MAIN STREET,DunuauK.
.Tan. 1st, 1815. 17-7y
EMERSON & SHIELDS
HOLES ALE, RETAIL, AND COM
mission Merchants—No. 44, corner of
Main and 4th streets, Dubuqne, Iowa.
w:
JB.
J. O'llALLORAN,
COMMISSION
MERCHANT—WHOLE-
salo and retail dealer in Groceries and
Provisious—corner of Main and 7th streets—
Dubuque, Iowa. n37-tf
WM. LAWTIIER & CO.
DEALERS IN DRY GOODS, GROCERIES, BOOTS
AND SHOES, IRON, &C., &C.
Main street. Dubuque, Iowa Territory.
MANDLEBAUM, BLOCK & CO.
BANKERS & DEALERS IN EXCHANGE,
ST. LOUIS, MO.
0^7~LAND WARRANTS (warranted genuine
constantly for sale. Orders for Lacd War
rants filled at the lowest market rates.
November 3d, 1848. 6m?.
DAVID JONES,
ARCHITECT AND BUILDER,
AVAILS
himself of thisopporlunity to ten
der his thanks to thecitizens of Dubuqua
for the liberal patronage bestowed upon him
since his residence among them and humbly
hopes by prompt attention to his business, still
to merit a proportionateshare ofthe patronage
of his follow citizcns.
ft^rSash and Rlinds made to order.
Sept 7. n52 tf. DAVID JONES.
C. D. SULLIVAN & CO.
sortmontof GOLD AND SILVER WATCH
ES FRENCH and YANKEE CLOCKS, GOLD PEN
CILS, Gentlemen and Ladies' BREAST TINS,
GOLD LOCKETS, GOLD AND SILVER SPECTA
CLES, RINGS, GOLD GUARD CHAINS, $'C (SFC.
Silver Table, dosert and Tea Spoons,
manufactured and for sale low. Watches
& Clocks carefully repaired and warranted
to keep time.
Sept. 17tli, 1845.—(no. 1.1 v
ENCOURAGE HOME MANUFACTURES
THOSE
N B. The strictest attention paid to orders
from a distance, directed to the subscriber.
Dubuque, Dec. 4th. 1845.nI3.—tf.
Townsend's Sarsapanlla.
f! fS celebrated article for purifying the
JL Biood, and for invigorating the constitu
tion, is for sale at MASON'S Drug Store, put
up in quart bottles and W A A N E E N U I N E
it having been obtained from the Agent of
Doct. Townsend for the State of Indiana, Mis
souri, and Illinois, and is forwarded from the
principal Depot at St. Louis, kept by Easterly
& Co
BY WAGON FROM DAVENPORT.
HE subscriber has received, and is now
opening the following articles, which
have been impatiently expected.
6 dozen Mother's Relief
4 do Balm of Columbia
3 do Magic Hair Oil, or Oregon Oil, (an
entire new article
2 do lun. Cordial—the first ever bro't
to Dubuque
4 do IIart
'3
Vegetable Fit Medicine,
being a fresh supply, the former having been
exhausted immediately.
TIMOTHY MASON,
Main-street, Dubuque.
Jan. 4th, 1849.
LUMBER!
/T A A Feet of Dry Lumber,
OUU.UUU 300,000 I'ine Shingles:
Also, Lath and square timber, alwavs on hind.
J. L. LANGWORTHY.
Ma-eh 13, 1849. 28-tf
IMPORTANT TO SETTLERS AND
EMIGRANTS
Ttho
IIE Bounty Land Warrants issued to
soldiers and volunteers in the Mex
ican War, have come into general use in
entering government Lands, and agreat sav
ing is thus gained to the settler, as the war
rants can be obtained at prices which re
duce the cost of United States Lands to one
dollar per acre.
These Warrants can he used by settlers
in locating
lands upon which they have made
improvements, or upon wnich tliev have ac
quired a pre-ernption right and can be plac
ed on 160 acres of Land, adjoining in any
legal subdivisions, such as four adjacent
forty acre tracts, two eighty acre tracts, &c.
The subscribers will keep a supply of
warrants constantly on hand, which they
will sell as low lor cash as they can be pur
chased in the West. They will aleo sup
ply warrants by the quantity to those en
gaged in the business, at low rates.
ROBERTSON & HOLLAND.
Land Agents.
Dubuque, March 20, 1848.
GENERAL LAND AGENCY.
THE
Young Ilyson and Black Teas.
Grindstones of various sizes.
june 14. WM. LAWTIIER CO.
undersigned, have opened an office in
Anamosa, Jones co., Iowa, for the trans
action of a General Land Agency business.—
The purchase and sale of Land Warrants, the
purchase and sale of real estate examining
titles paying taxes drawing deeds and tak
ing acknowledgements making entries of
Land at Dubuque and Iowa City preparing
papers, and proofs of pre-emption and every
thing connected with a General Land agency
business throughout this State. They will
be prepared with about forty township plats,
of the townships in and around Jones county,
showing the position of the streams, timber,
prairie, &c. Mr. Skinner has been a long time
a resident of tho State, and being a practical
Surveyor, they will have peculiar facilities for
transacting, correctly and satisfactorily, any
business in this line, entrusted to them.
UXOflice in Ford's building, on Main street,
Anamosa.
n2
0tr SKINNER & CLARKE.
LAND AGENCY.
A V I A E
e n e a a n A e n
ST. PAUL, WIS. TER.
03" Attention will be given to entering and
locating Land Warrants.
References—GEN. GEO. W. JONES, Du
buquo, Iowa GEN. A. C. DODOE, Burling
ton, Iowa HENRY JACKSON, Esq., St. Paul,
Wisconsin Territory. G2-ly
VOL. 8. DUBUQUE, IOWA, APRIL 21, 1849.
WATCHMAKERS AND JEWELLERS,
Successors to Jacard Co.
No. 42, Main street, St. Louis, Mo.
jf^EEP constantly on hand n large as- would recommend him to^lhe^^ick wherever
wishing to befurnished with GRAVE
STONES, HEAD and FOOT STONES. TOMBS,
MI®
E5"
Sun Dials, Horizontal and Vertical,Hearth
stones, Sinks, &,c., would dowelltocail on
the subscriber, at his workshop, on the corner
of Locust and Second
streets, as he is now pre
pared to furnish any of the above articlcs also
any tiling else in liisline ofbusiness, with war
ranted correctness, on short notice and most
reasonable terms, either in cash or produce.
7'IIOMAS HURLEY.
E E N A E
OFFICE CORNER OF IOWA & 4th STS.,
(Lately from Quincy, III.)
HAS
permanent located himself in Du
buque, Iowa he will bo happy to at
tend to all calls in the line, of his profession—
practice of Medicine, Surgery and Midwifery
—his remidiesare mild and efficacious, select
ed principally from the vegetable kingdom,
being divested of every deleterious properly,
they are adapted to curing diseases of long
standing, Consumption, Liver complain, Dis
pepsia, Diseases of the Kincys, Dropsey, Rhu
matism. Female weakness, Scrofula, Herpies,
Necroses,, Breast-complainls, Piles, falling of
the Uteras, Cancers, general debility. Mercu
rial Diseases. Fits in many cases, Vencrial,
Gleet, Diseases of the spleen or melt, lie will
give also particular attention to Diseases of
the Eye and Ear, and all other diseases to
which the country is subject. He does
not uso any calomel, he is opposed to the
Thompsonian or steam system, he is wholly
in favor of the Eclectic or Reform practico of
Medicine, as taught in the Eclectic College in
Cincinnati and elsewhere, this system is foun
ded on truth, sustained by philosophy and ex
perience Persons at a distance applying lo
him with internal seated diseases arc request
ed to bring or send their Urin, as this is his
mode of tellingChroniG Diseases. He will ex
pect the Cash for all medicines sold athisof
"icc. He could give a volume of certificates,
out will only give a few
In duty to suffering humanity, I hereby cer
tify that my wife had a bad cancer on her nose,
I applied to several Doctors but received no
benefit till I applied to Dr.Deffebacher in Al
ton, who cured it perfectly, JSAAC NOBLES.
Jerscp county, Illinois.
This will certify that my son was blind for
thirteen months, I had tried many remedies,
but all lo no effect, then I applied lo Dr. Def
fcnbacher.in Quincy, 111 lie cured him well
in six months' time, and my son is now joing
to school. II. BOYLER.
To THE PUIILIC.—I hereby ceriify that I
have known Dr. Dcffenbucher for four years
as a successful practitioner of medicine and
have known many cases which had been giv
en up as incurable, and he cured tliein. I
he may reside. PETER CARTRIGT, D. D.
Morgan County, III.
This will certify that I have known Dr.
DefFenbachcr for a long time as a successful
practitioner of Mcdicine having been severe
ly afflicted mjself, as well as my family and
having employed the Doctor I am prepared lo
reconnncnd him to entire confidence ofthe
community where he may reside. A volume
might be written in his favor. R. BIRD,
Preacher in charge Dccaler Circuit Macon
county, Illinois.
This will certify that my wife was blind for
three years, in this time 1 applied to our best
Doctors, but received no benefit. 1 then ap
plied to Dr. DcfFcnbacher, in Quincy, and he
cured her that she now sees about, as well as
over. WILLIAM CHITS.
Near Mt. Pulasky, 111.
GREATER INDUCEMENTS THAN
CdUL IF O
FOR 1849!
For the approaching Spring, 1 am manufac
turing tho largest and most splendid assort
ment of
READY-MADE
ever offered by any house. Il will be beyond
description!
The Wholesale and Relail Trade of (he past
year so far exceeded my expectations, that it
was a matter of impossibility for rno to supply
the demand!
FOR THE APPROACHING SEASON,
I feel confident in asserting, that I wiil be ena
bled to supply the demand of the entire West.
The tremendousiimount of BUSINESS that
I am doing, and entirely upon the Cash Prin
ciple, enables me to manufacture Goods at far
less prices than any other concern: and I am
determined to sell them at a SMALL PROFIT!
so as to make it AN OBJECT for every Country
Merchant to invest his cash capital in Clothing,
as it will pay him a better profit, meet with
quicker sales, and leave no remnants to lose on
My Stock this Spring has been manufactured
entirely different from anv previous one. I
have devoted my whole time and attention to
it, as my brother, Charles G. Martin, attends
to the St. Louis establishment. My styles and
patterns have all been sclrcted wit.li great,
care, and aro all rich and beautiful. All I
ask is the pleasure of a call, when I am confi
dent that you cannot fail being pleased with
my Styles.T'alterns, and Prices.
Merchants who arc in the habit of trading
East, and those bound for California, will find,
by looking through my stock, that they can
buy cheaper than can be bought in the East
ern markets, and save thereby expense of go
ing, coming, transportation, &c.
My stock this seasen is, and will be, tre
mendously large, and I am dercrmined to closc
it off with the season.
All bills warranted to be packed correctly
—sizes and goods guaranteed to be perfect.
I have but ONE STORE in the city 'tis
No. 118 Main-Street, Saint Louis, Missouri.
A large No 118 on top tho house.
All orders packed at the lowest Cash Prices.
JOHN T. MARTIN.
March 6, 1849. 27-tf
JOHN E. SMITH & CO.
(BRANCH OF J. R. SMITH «.$" CO., GALENA.)
6
RESPECTFULLY offer
to the public their new &
well-assorted Stock mf
Watches, ^cwdr
FANCY GOODS, &c
y
all of the latent fashion
their facility of buying
cheap in theeo6tern mar­
kets, enables them to sell "cheaper than
the cheapest."
O^CIocks, Watches, and Jewelry, care
fully repaired and warranted by C. Kalten
bacli.
The higeest prices will be paid for
old gold and silver.
Dec. 12, 1848. 15-tf
300
GALLONS Linseed Oil, and 200
GallonsTurpentneforsale by T.
LAND WARRANTS.
PDubuque
ERSONS desirous of locating lands in the
District, will find it to their ad
vantage to call on the subscribers, where he
will be prepared at all times, to scli land War
rants, for the cash, or lo locate lands, giving
time for tho payment of tho purchase money.
Office west side of Moin-stroet, between 3d
and 4th.
Tho subscriber is permitted to refer to Gen
G. W. Jones, Gen* Warner Lowis and Geo. L.
Nightingale, Esq
THE
ROBERTSON & HOLLAND.
Dubuque, March 11,1948—n23
IMPORTANT TO FARMERS*
undersigned will locate 160 ACRE
LAND WARRANTS, upon one and
two years, by satisfaction being given in re
gard to the quality of t.io lands Also, 40
acre Warrants for salo on reaeonablo terms.
EMERSON & SHIELDS.
Dubuque, March Gth, 1849.
SPEECH
Of Mr. Jas- ITI(Dowcll, of Virginia,
On the formation of Governments for Califor
nia and New Mexico, delivered in the House
of Representatives, February 23, 1S49.
Since the discussion of our territorial ques
tion commenced in this Hall, and the interest
and agitation of it has extended to the country
at large, we have heard more than ever before
of a certain mysterious but malignant and cor
rupting "slave power," by which, it is alleged,
the ficc action of this Government ar.d the li
berties of our people are trodden under foot.
"Slave power!" Oh, sir, how the truth of his
tory, in the very matter implicated, and bow
the warm and kindly sentiment of national re
lationship which glows in the bosotn of every
American, wherever his home, how are they
alike invaded and outraged by this offensive
phrase, and the more offensive ends of section
al prejudice, animosity, and deception, to
which it is so often and so wrongfully applied!
The free action of this Government and the
liberties of our people stricken down by the
'•slave powor?" Why, sir, does not every one
know, that of all the positive or governmental
checks by which the spread of slavery hosevcr
been restricted, the most efficacious and com
prehensive of all others, by a thousandfold, is
that which was put upon it. under the lead, i
•and with the hearlv concurrence of clave
holding statesmen and slaveholding States? I
Was it not the restrictive or anti-slavery arti-1
clc of the ordinance of 17t5T, which, if not pre
pared at the suggestion and by the hand of Mr.
Jefferson himself, was certainly prepared with i
his assent, and sustained upon the assent of i
Virginia a!=o? Was it not this which has pro
tected Uio finest tcnitory wc ?vcr owned from
the approach and the presence of tliC slave?—•
a territory of larger capabilities for the growth I
and sustenance, and wealth, of civilized inan,
than any oilier equal art-a, it is believed, upon
the surface of the globe. And yet, citizens
coming from the very country, no less than
citizcns coining from other places, rise up in
the midst of us here, and brand with abusive
epithets tho very men and the very "power"
that gave this inagnificcnl empire s. bridal
dowry "to free labor and to free soil."
The check imposed by the Government,
which is next in the ordei" of importance and
of lime, is llie constitutional prohibition against
the importation of slaves from abroad—a pro
hibition which was introduced into the Consti
tution upon the votes both of northern and of
southern States, but which would have gone
into effect as early as 1800, instead of 1608,
the time fixed by that instrument, had it not
been for the strenuous and unrclaxing resist
ance in the Convention of three of the north
ern States—Massachusetts, New Hampshire,
and Connicticut. Virginia, the great "slave
power" oi that day. and the one most reviled
by this epithet at this day, stood up for the in
terdict on the foreign importation at tho earli
est period. Massachusetts and her colleagues
at the latest. Virginia, disregarding her own
interest, was willing, al the earliest hour, to
sweep the traffic from the sea, and to leave
those "human cargoes" that we hear of, to
the wretched land that produced lliein. Mas
sachusetts and her colleagues, baulking at an
ardor so generous as this, dropped into the rear
of Virginia, and clung, perseveringly ciung,
to the profits of the trade, to the last hour that
their associates ill Ihc Convention would allow.
And thus, by different modes of action on this
one subject of slavery—fostering it in the ear
ly days of the Government, denouncing it in
the latter—our northern friends have contriv
ed, by a process of ingenuity characteristical
ly yankee, (1 speak descriptive^', no derisively)
to make out of il pecuniary capital then, and
political capital n:w. Never was then-, a more
available subject in the hands of workmen
more willing or more cunning to control it.—
The widow's cruse, which could not be cxhtius
ted by pouring out, is but a poor and faint em­|will
blem of its value to them. This, though in
exhaustible, never grew greater. That did
and does. No matter how opposite the uses
to which Iiese managers have applied it, wheth
er to those of merchandise or of politics no
matter w bother they nourished their opulence
in former years from the toars of the slave, or
point to them now in the homes of others, to
arouse the horror, and so to shape the legisla
tion nf the country, no matter what tho form
in which they treat, or by which ihey meta
morphose this subject of slavery, it springs up
to their hands in one never-ending, but increas
ing harvest of advantage.
There is yet another restriction of law which
has been placed by lliis Governnfenl upon the
geographical limits of slavery—that which was
placed upon it in 1820 by the well-known
"Missouri compromise"—according to which
all slavery was prohibited iti'lhe then territory
of the United States, not embraced in the ordi
nauce of 1787, which lay north of thirty-six
and a half degrees of latitude. 1 need hardly
say, that the real aulhor of this restriction was
himself a slaveholding Representative of a
slaveholding State—Henry Clay, of Kentucky.
Other persons than Mr. Clay may stand upon
the Journal of Congress as the formal movers
and patrons of this measure, but tiie whole co
temporary history of llie act is utterly false
and worthless, if he was not the master-spirit
that conceived, matured, !y carried it through.
When this act was passed, the great body of
the southern Representatives voted agaimt it.
But since they have not only acquiesced in it,
arid maintained it inviolate, but have co-oper
ated with others in applying it to Texas, and
have proposed and pressed it as a ground of
equitable settlement for the controversy which
now embarrasses and divides us.
Here, then, Mr. Uhuiiman, wo have a series
of legal acts, proceeding more or less directly
from the hands of southern men and southern
States, all of which have gone to restrict the
•nslitutiou of slavery, both in its limits and its
political strength, and all of which are enti
tied to bo heard as witnesses whenever the
"slave power" that is spoken of, is arraigned
for its monstrous and its constant atrocities up
on freedom and humanity! With these acts of
beneficent legislation, let these uccusers be
content: and, instead of harassing the Govern
ment and harassing the country with fanatical
and unconstitutional efforts to enlist the sanc
tion and the power of law yet further on their
side, let them be thankful for what has been
done, and leave all else to the controlling and
natural influence of time and events.
1 may as well advert, Mr. Chairman, at this
point as at tiny other, to a practical question
which is oftentimes asked by gentlemen here
who insist upon llie exclusion of slavery from
our Mexican territory, and who maintain, at
the same time, that such exclusion docs not
prejudice or impair, in the leust, the full and
equal right of theSouth and of her citizens to
the use and enjoyment of that territory. We
arc asked to say, how such exclusion can im
pair this equality, seeing that northern and
southern citizcns, and all others, when they
go into the territory as inhabitants, go there
under the operation of the same law,
EKPRi
his share of the common property without con
ditions. In the one case, a separate and pre
existing right, constitutionally and legally es
tablished for ninny generations, must be given
up before a
common right is allowed to bo used.
In the other case, that common right is laid
open to immediate uso, without requiring as a
preliminary thereto the surrender, or the com
mutation, or the disposal of any other right
whatever. What sort of equality is there here?
and how is it possible that the very pretence
of it, co-existing with such a state of facts as
this, can be otherwise than offensive, both to
the feelings and the understanding of the par
ty aggrieved?
Upon this view of the effect on the relative
rights of the different sections of the country,
which must necessarily result from the propo
sed exclusion of slavery from the Territories,
we, who represent the South, have abundant
reasons of right and of justice to demand of our
associates hcfc, that no such exclusion chall
be sanctioned and that no territorial govern
ment shall be forced upon us by the arbitrary
use of their majority-power, by which the fnn
damcnt'il and chcrishcd principle of our pcrfect
constitutional equality shall be so painfully
and hazardously set aside. To this demand,
besides the sophism examined, that that exclu
sion works no inequality, we arc yet further
answered by these associates (with but few
exceptions) that they cannot and will rot
countcnance any government or any law by
which slavery may be extended lo Territories
now free that, in their judgment, slavery is
a false, cruel, and evil institution, the "enten
sion" of which, so far as il may depend upon
them, they are determined to resist atali haz
ards. "No extension" is the short but compre
hensive dogma under which the rights of the
South, in this matter, arc to be sacrificed, and
the stability of the Union itself knowingly put
into peril. Let us inquire into the practical
purpose thus declared, und sec whether it is in
any respect worthy
n
i
and
live
there in tho possession, in all respects, of pre
cisely the same rights? How, then, can they
be unequal? This question is easily answered.
This Mexican territory being a conquest ofthe
United Slates, effected by the united resour
ces of all, both men and money, is consequent
ly the joint and common property of all. This
is granted. As the joint and common proper
ty, then, of all, it is, of course, free and open
to the dse and occupation of all, and that with
out any precedent or qualifying conditions,
which, acting on u part only, would have the
effect of distinguishing individuals or sections
of tho country Irom one another. But exclude
slavery, und you do this, you establish condi
tions, and thereby distinctions, where there
I should be none. The southern citizen owning
slaves, would be obliged, under this exclusion,
to dispose of them belore be could settle in that
territory, and must, of course, enjoy his share
of the common property upon conditions, and
perhaps embarrassing conditions, first lo bo
complied with. The northern citizen having
no slaves to dispose of, sillies upon and enjoys
the serious, and it maj'
be, the fatal conscquences which arc so noldiy
and daringly risked to maintain it- This"non
extension," though a fallacy, as I think I can
show, in its main and substantial idea, is nev
ertheless a term, as we are given to understand
bore, «.f overshadowing, and in certain regions
of our Republic, of cabalistic pi wer. It is
there the shibboleth of politicians—to utter
which aright, is lo live—to stammer over it,
is to dio. It has power to throw instantly open
to its advocates the door of this Hall it has the
power as instintly to shut it in the face of its
opposcrs, and so condemn them to penitence
or to obscurity. In this, it is like the "open
sesame" uf the Arabian Tales, which had only
to be spoken clear and strong, with emphasis
and unction enough, and at once the rocky
door to which it was addressed flying open, of
fered a cavern of gold for the spoil of the spokes
man. Soliere, let the words "non-e.xlensior"
be only spoken out by some frcc-soiler, with
no Mussulman faith, but with a hearty und
believing spirit, and our own barrcd-up and
heavy door swings wide open to the speaker,
and admits him to a share of richer treasures
than were ever found in the cave of Abdallah.
Well, gentlemen, go on with your schemcs
carry out your proposition of "free labor and
free soil" to the uttermost rule out the slave
from your territories rule out the South, your
true and loyal partner in every extremity for
seventy years lule her out from all due parti
cipation in these territories use all the liberty
and all the faculties which your union with
her lias imparted to yourselves to crush her
right to a co-equality with you in the use and
enjoyment of a common property call upon
her to bow down and submit to conditions as
conditions precedent to such enjoyment which,
I or the equivalents of which, in your own ease,
you would indignantly refuse iloall this, and
I do it in
3ucli
a way as will go the furthot. to
offend her sense of juslicc and of const ituliou
al right—to wound her honor, to mortify her
quick und generous spirit and what, at last,
you have accomplished by it all? What
i amount of public good, at all commensurate
with so much sectional wrong? What, in fact,
will you have done by it, except to depopulate
the South in a great measure of her while in
habitants, and lo put the residue, together
with their slaves, in a slulo of aggravated and
appalling danger to one another? This is all
that you will have done. And is this an achieve
ment worthy of your philanthropy and your
labors? Is this an object for which, in the
I judgment of patriots, statesmen,and christians,
the angriest passions of the country ouht to
be aroused, its great divisions thrown into com
motion with one another, and our blessed U
nion itself brought into danger—that Union
I which, next to personal liberty (and it is a high
I protector even of that) is lo every American
the richest of all the public treasures which
i Heaven has to give—that Union which, consid
cred even as antagonistic to the hopes of the
I slave, [although it is not so,] wou id still, in the
i righteous judgment of the world, be worth
more, immeasurably more, to us and to man
kind than all the slaves of all the globe togeth
cr? Extinguish it, if you can, in a ruthless
and senseless crusade for the slave, and he and
his advocate and his master will suffer and
perish together. Light up, if you can, the
warfare an I the spirit of another Peler the
Hermit, and in this ease, as in that, you will
be regarded with desolation and a tomb.
That slavery has been permitted to establish
itself on this Continent for purposes both of
wisdom and of mercy, no reasonable man who
is accustonicd to look for the origin or the pro
gross of events in a power and a knowledge
higher than his own, can reasonably doubt.—
I Neither can lie doubt that these purposes,what
ever they arc, will, in due time, be made ma
nifest to all. Meanwhile, it is not for us to lay
an impatient and forbidden hand upon any of
the powers of this Government for the purpose
of disturbing or controlling il by any authority
or action of ours. On our part, pc rfect ubsli
i nence in regard to it is the wisest of all politics,
the clearest of all constitutional obligations,
and the best of all personal humanities. Let
it alone, is the ono rational and authoritative
I injunction of wisdom and of duty concerning
it—let it go south, still south, as it is now go
ing and let its diffusion be such that the two
races shall be protected as long as possible and
as much as possible from all liabilities of vio
lent collision with one another. This permit
ted and done, all else should be patiently left
lo the developments and the teachings of time.
Some of these, as they have gradually come
to l'C seen and apprehended, are beginning to
shine forth with impressive anu instructive
significance. Take the color, for instanee—a
mark of perpetual separation from the white
man, but a bond of perpetual union and sym
pathy with the negroes themselves. It is and
ever has been prohibitory of all complete amal
gamation between the races,and thus preserves
amongst us all the physical characteristics o!
the African just as they were impressed upon
him at the hour und in the land of his birth.
But this separation ofthe races, witb the ulti
mate and providential design, it would seem,
to maintain on this continent all the physical
peculiarities of the African on his own, would
never have been effectual had il been left to
the mere caprices of sentiment or taste found
ed upen varieties of color. These might have
been overcome, and the peculiarities to be
maintained consequently lost. They arc there
fore placed beyond the law of taste, under the
protection of another physical law which lies
far deeper, operating independently of all hu
man will, and enforcing itself under the stern
est and severest of natural penalities. Tho
offspring of the two racss is a hybrid—tin off
spring whose progression, though not limited
like that of some of the iower animals to the
first generation, is nevertheless so arrested by
lunacy, idiocy, blindness, deafness, and dumb
ness. and other the most crushing infirmities
"that flesh is heir to," that it can never be
come the sound parental atomic, of a self-main
taining population.
Here, then, we have, always before us, the
remarkable phenomenon of one
race of mankind
living, and living for upwards of two hundred
years in the midst of another race, and yet in
capable, by reason of natural laws, ol di*ap-
Willi
it.
••!(!v? of ...
pcaring by incorporation with it, and thereby
incapable also of impairing or losing Rny of its
original and native characteristics. The final
cause of this phenomenon must be looked for
cither in that primitive doom upon Canaan by
which ho was sentenced to be "a servant of
servants unto his brethren,'
1
or it is to bo found
in some high and renovating function which
the American slave is yet to fulfill in-the re
demption of the continent from which he came.
Besides this physical immutability of the ne
gro, as a race .amongst us, he has in associa
tion with it another peculiarity, scarcely less
striking or significant than it is: and that is his
extraordinary aptitude to possess himself, as if
by intuition, of all Uic tastes and social habits
and mechanical arts anc^ domestic intelligence
and civilizationof his master. You may pick
up a wild negro in Dahomy, and bring him to
Virginia, with his feltishcs and his conjuring
rod, nnd his sharpened cannibal leclh, and his
unintelligible tongue, and give him there
no other instruction but what he can catch
from his fellow-slave at their common work,
and in a few years ho will be a civilized man.
And if he is not, his American child in the first
generation will be. This is true of no other
savage man upon earth. Look at our own red
man—as uncivilized almost as if centuries of
effort was not expended upon his improvement
Look at this very African himself in his own
country, jmongst the most incapable of all sa
vages for self-elevation, but wonderfully capa
ble of helping himself up by the hands and as
sistance of others.
In this connection, it may be stilled, as one
of a group of facts, mutually bearing upon and
illustrating one another, that tho climate of
Africa is too fatal to the white man ever to be
come the place of his safe and permanent a
bode This, our experience at Liberia, and the
missionary experience of our religious societies
at other points, very fully establish It is ob
vious, therefore, from this, that whatever is
done for the moral improvement of that conti
nc"!, must be done by those whose entire phy
sical nature is suited to its baleful and burning
snn. It must, in other words, be done by the
black man himself. And here, in the absolute
necessity of confiding this high mission to him,
or of leaving Africa to her solitary woe, we
find a not improbable solution of so much that
is peculiar and otherwise mysterious in his cir
cumstances and position amongst ourselves
Here, in the light of this necessity, we see,
most probably, why is it that his perfect iden
tity has been protected by natural laws, which
rendered his incorporation with us, and, consc
sequently, his disappearance as a distinct race,
absolutely impossible. Here, too, we lia^c,as
probably, the reason of his extraordinary capa
city to take upon himself the knowledge and
the arts of his master. Here, too, perhaps,the
reason of his presence urith its, amongst whom
the habits of private intercourse are freer, and
tiie rudiments of learning more pervasive and
universal, than amongst any other people in
the world and here, also, may be the reason,
why he wea bound, hand and foot, with the
iron chain of personal bondage, that thus lie
might be fastened to the spot of his trials and
his training,until all things were ready for his
final deliverance and departure.
their relative obligations—.vliat their rccipro-
to besought in the settlement but the benefit
of all- So thinking and feeling habitually,!
almost hesitate to ask of any possible adjust
ment of the difficulty before us, what will our
part, our southern part, of its history be? Will
it be a history of disappointment, mortifica
tion, indignity, and wrong? And your part
of its history—will it be the short and the stern
one of power—power—uncaring and unrelent
ing power? It is said of one of the very worst
of the ltoman emperors, that he lamented wilh
great bitterness that his reign had never been
distinguished by the
occurrence of any remark
able calamity, and had no other or better re
cord by which to be transmitted to posterity
than the dull and monotonous one of its pros
perity and pcace. He dreaded lest it should
fade from tho history ofthe world, and be lost
to the gaze und the animadversion of man. Sir,
if you will only push on the controversy which
now disturbs us, from angrier to angrier lone,
if you will only frettle it here, with deliberate
indignity and wrong to one of the parties it in
volves, you will soon interweave with the rich
est and purest national happiness which it was
ever allowed any people on earth to enjoy, a
memorial of nationul sorrow, withering and
crushing enough t» have satisfied the monster
wish and the monster heart of Ciligula him*
self
But, Mr. Chairman, when I pass by the col
lective parties in this case, and recall ihe par
ticular ones when 1 see that my own State is
as deeply implicated in the (rouble and the
danger of it as any other, and shares, to the
full, with all of her southern colloagues, in tho
most painful apprehensions of
I offer you, Mr. Chairman, no hypothesis up
on these facts. They are such, however, un
doubtedly, as to encourage the hope that our
country may become to Africa, as to others,
the nursery and storehouse of its civilization
and its freedom that though it has trodden up
on a portion of her children, and harnessed
them for long years to the yoke of its labors,
jet that even thus it has been unconsciously in that y wore thoroughly and indis-olubly
but beneficently preparing the means by which I ouo. ne same in thi.s master qtia ity, so con
the smitings of this very portion may be eon- troll.ng in self cf others, it was impossible
verted into the uplif-ing a continent, and
or
the superstition and cannibalism and tears of I promptly, harin'iniou-iy, gloriously, at the ve
ils sunken millions be wiped away. The facts,
When I look, Mr. Chairman, beyond the
rv
also, arc such as to surround this hole subject first, as a cons equence, to proclaim and to re
of slavery with new motives to forbearance, sist the afg--.R i ins, of England, und never af
and new injunctions against the folly and tho *-cr even III the fainting hours of the struggle
wickedness of all unauthorized interincdaiing that followed, were they absent from the duty
forms of legislation, and consider who the real I sharing as twin sister* in the struggle and the
parlies arc to the controversy before us—that heritage el the samo revolution, what is there
they arc not individuals rushing into alterca-
1,1 u
I .T4t »t
til'?
.0.
iv
7
tion with one another, under the fiereencssof tional duty, or of public morals, which shou'd
ignoble passions, excited for ignoble objects, i separate them now? What is there is these
but powerful and independent Stales, consti- grounds—the sound and (ho true grounds of
tutcd into one for certain great ends of mutual i national conduct—that should induce Massn
protcction and advantage, and bound there- chusctts lo disavow the rights, disown the c
forc, upon the first great law of governments quality, disdain the ren.o islrance, or scorn the
as well as of persons—the law of self-preserva- feelings nnd the honor of her lust, her strong
tion—so to administer that common govern-
cs
uicnt as never to endanger or overwhelm it the possibilities cf sectional advantage so pre
when I consider, sir, who the parties
are—what cious as to usi ify her,
1
f°
its
issues.-when
1 see this, 1 turn involuntarily, and with unaf
fected deference of spirit, and ask, What, in
this
exigent moment to Virginia, Will Massa
chusetts do?—that Massachusetts which, in
the designations of our early colonial (history,
was knotvn as Northern Vijginia. What will
Northern Virginia do, in the matter before us,
for her southern name-sake ana sislcr? Will
you too [I speak to her as present in her Rep
resentatives]—will you too, forgetting all the
past, put forth a hand to smite her ignomini
oualy on the cheek? In your own early day
of deepest extremity and distress—the day of
the Boston Port Bill—when your beautiful ca
pital was threatened with extinction, and Eng
land wascollecting her giganticpower tosweep expect," quoth the old lady. You MS,
your liberties away, Virginia, caring fp'«"
i&TIV
NO. 34
lo'be executed, the 1st of June, 1774, a day of^
humiliation, fasting, and prayer—thus implor
ing, with one voice, the protection and bless
ing of Heaven upon you,- and thus, through
a religious act, the ultimate one of national
distress, rousing up her people to tho fullest
and most startling sense of the outrage atid
the peril which awaited you. She called up
on you to stand up far your cause that it was
the true cause—the cause Of right, and free
dom, and justice that, as such, she made,it
ber own, and would fight it out with you, blow
by blow, and, live or die, would give every fac
ulty that belonged to her of suul and body and
estate, to make it good. Addressing her thro"
the justice of your cause and the agonies of
your condition, you asked her for her heart.
She ga ve it: with scarce tho reservation of a
throb, she gavo it freely and gave it all. Yotf
called upon her for her blood. Sho took hW
children from her bosorn. and offered them to
supply it. With her spirit, with her apprccii*
tion of the gre«t principles of representative
and of popular government which your case
involved, and with her holy enthusiasm in
their support, Viaginia would have been utter
ly recreant to herself if she bad done anything
less than she did
But in all this she felt and knew that she
was more than your political ally—more than
your political friend. She felt and knew that
she was your near, natural-born relation—such
in virtue of your common descent, but such
far more still,in virtue of the higher attributes
of a congenial and kindred nature. Donot.bo
startleJ at the idea of common qualities be
tween the American caviiier and the Ameri
can roundhead [NOTE.—At this point Mr.
McDowell's hour having expired, he was about
to closc bis remarks, when he was called upon'
from all parts of the Hall, with strong empha
sis, to "go on"—"goon." To this request,
the committee giving its unanimous consent,
he proceeded:] Do not be sturtled, Mr. Chair
main, at the idea of a close and near relation
al ip between the impetuous and haughty, b«it
courteous colonist of Jamestown, with his in
tcose point of personal honor, and his) devotiOj*
to all that is stirring in the imiderrls of lifi#,
und tho stern, solemn, self-denying, almost as
cctic pilgrim of Plymouth. A proud but mis
guided legality drives the defenders of thff
Stuirts to llie shores of the Chesapeake, that
there, in privation and in piverty, if need be,
they might follow out the impulses of their
own lienor and their own frco will, without let
or hindrance from human authority. A pure,
exclusive, uncompromising spirit of religion,
that could not mingle with, and that would not
be controlled by the corruptions of earth.drives
a persecuted but a precious people to the rocks
of IV-assuchusetts Bay, that there, whatever
else might bclidu them, they could pour out
their hearts as they pleased lo Him whom it
was the richest of all their delights lo worship
and to serve. A heroic and unconquerable
will, differently directed, is the pervasive and
master element in the character of both. Sce
ondary differences—the differences of culture
—a culture which, in the one case, was direct
ed to train the heart for all that was gay and
glad and animating in life and in the other, to
train it for a subdued, chastened, concent ated
spirituality—these have thrown around our
ancestors a various costume, and have long ex
hibited them to one another and to the world
in all tho glare of a pictured and dramatic con
trast. But in that proud and lofty ep rlt which
claimv the human will for itsolf, which indig
nantly r« pulses every detire or effort to control'
it, as an unwaiTJiilable and impious wrong-
them to he otherwise than blended by ft
dawn of our national ty. They were tho
or the spot where their valor or their counsels
wcrc
required. Nourished by the same spirit,
demand of national faith or of constitu­
ti arid her earliest friend? What is there in
I
a
cal dependence—how infinitely exceeding eve- mily discord in order to obtain it? It ia not for
rythingelse is the interest of each in the tnu-
113
tual justice and fidelity of all—how amazing of that unseen and eternal cause which sweeps
their prosperity—how exalted their renown— over tho devices and tho trophies of man, and
how renovating their example upon the hopes crowds hole nations, in melancholy proccs
and liberties of the world—how inspiring the I sion, to the tomb. But it ,s for us, sis both, lo
thought, that their republican banner not only stay the very beginnings of that family quar
waves over an empire unparalleled in all its rel which never fails, wheresoever it occurs, lo
elements of happiness and freedom and power, I hurry onward and downward the destiny of a
but is j'el to wave, by its influence, over the people, and which so strips the destiny thai it
illimitable empire of reborn and self-governing hurries on of every hope that could soothe,
man —when 1 consider all this, sir, 1 cannot and so surrounds it with every element of ut
be otherwise than cliccrcd with tho conviction te'- and appalling woe, as to mark it out from
that all will be well that parties so situated al mnnn curses for the :ddering, tho hnr
will never profane their story'nor their honor, ror, and the admonition of man. Shrinking
through an act of deliberate wrong by either from s ich a fate as ibis, atid from the causes
on the other and that "the spirit of amity and I that impel to it, w- cherish with the deeper
of mutual deference and conccasion" which u- fervcr the just and the natural hope that here
nitedthem at first, will triumph over all trou- in this honored temple of our common liberty,
bles, dispose aright of all contests, and thus Virginia and Massachusetts, by whose hand's
continue to harmonize and unite them forever and whose wisdom in chief it was reared into
In such a brotherhood of parties, when diffi-1 power, wiil sit and worship side by side for ev
culties arise,there isno expediency upon which cr that here, in tho pcace of Heaven and of
to settle them but that of justice no benefit each other, with clean handsund pure heart*,
any other, in risking,-
single mcui, this danger of incurable fa-
"s
a
people or as Stales, lo stay the march
they will always minister in public things, do
ing right to all, wrong to none that here they
wil I carry on, to its brightest consummation,
the illustrious carccr they have begun, com
forting, cheering, supporting one another thro'
all the conflicts of the day, and mitigating,
should they ever come, the convulsions of the'
!ast hour by the soothing* of a list cmbrace:
thus testifying, for the honor of our nature, to
a national fidelity, which there was nothing
in the power of temptation that could corrupt,
and nothing but tho power of death that could
destroy.
Concluded next week.
1
A SKETCH.—Mrs. Simpkins said she
would persist in saying that her children
were the prettiest, and the sweetest, and
tho best mannered children in the land.
"Here, James, John, Maria," said she,
want you to go to bed, now, like pretty
dears, as you are!''
"Go to bed" exclaimed James "welj
guess you must be sick to think we*r»
coins to bed afore ten o'clock.*'—[Phil.
City Item.
An Irishman, who was talking in rath
er ambiguous terms about the sudden
death of his paternal relative, was asl^ed'
if he had lived high?
"Well I can't say he did," said
ence, but he died high."
1
"Why. what do you meanf1'
"Faith, I mean that like the Unitjip.
States Bank, he was suspended
"I wonder what makes my ,eyes:i!»
weak!" said a loafer to a gentleman*—
"Why, they are in a weak place,'* said
the latter.
An old lady wnlked into the office of at
judge of probate, in Massachusetts, once
upon'a time, and said, "Are you the judg*
of reprobate?" "1 am the jud$ e oi' pro
bate," was ihe reply. "Well, that's it I
mv
oorX%"ir!hbrf"?.«fdT.uno
ly, instantly
ance
father was detested, and he left se*-
away, Virginia, caring fpr I y father was detested, and he left
She made the d»von which this bill wai executioner.'
."r: nt.i® infid.1., .»d t«». a te iMf
I
•'v Jl