V
If
San Marcos
Free
Tes
PROPRIETOR.
I. h. Jur.iA.isr,
"Prove All Things I Hold Fast that which Is Cood."
VOL. XIV.
SAN MARCOS, HAYS COUNTY, TEXAS, THURSDAY, JANUARY 8, 1385.
NO. 4.
TTVi
; ,- ii aaor .
Free Press.
PUBLISHED XVXSY TRUBIDAT T
ISAAC E JULIAN,
To whom U Letters should be Addressed.
OFFICE-North Side of Plaza.
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and Transient Advertisements will
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Local and business notioes will be charged
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Marriage and Obituarv Notices, of over ten
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' Brmrs Takm. Peraone wbo dealre to eubeerlbe
for the Fea Peaea for tbree montba can tons 50 ola
In postage ilanipe liicloaed In a letter. Wo ean me
them. '
GENEEAL DIRECTORY.
OI'FICIAIi.
eomjeaaeiiaa 8tb oiaveicv:
Hen. Jamae F. Miller, of rtomalea County.
kato-36t aieveicr:
Flon. Ceo. rreulfer, of Comal Co.
irieuxvATiTia Blur outlier:
Hon. J. H. Contha, or Have Co.
lieu. J. M. Jull v, of Caldwell Co.
m.TKiqr oooar 3iD eianier.
Hon. R. Talobinueller, Prealding Jadga, LG range
J. U. Belbanjr. Attorney, Aaatln Co.
viiaae or soLniae covet.
D.ra. lt Konilaja In March and tepteaber. May
continue three waeke.
oodxtt owioaee.
d B. Kono, Judge Count Court.
Jai. a. Burleaon, Dial, and County Clerk.
U R. Ilarber Sheriff..!, at. Turner, Deputy.
linn Font, County Attorney
t;. g
Cnck, Juatico of the Peaoa Pro.
Jfa-
I'a.ld
H. C. Uubua.
W. W. Slack, '
J. H.Pattoraoa, County Traaearar.
K- S. Portaun, Aaaeaaor.
Joe. C. Kve, Surveyor.
T.J. Mn'-arty, Coia'r Preelnel Ho. 1
Chan Llghttoot, " " "
J . K. Burleaon, " " "
Peter Bchmltt, " "
Prank Obanion, Constable precinct So. 1.
Tiace or moldiihi Conirrr ao PeaoiiiOT CooaTa
County Court for Criminal, Civil and Pr'bete bne
Inaaa 4th lfondayeln January, March. May, July,
September and November.
Commlaaionere' Court Jd Mondaya la February,
May, Aucuat and November.
Juatiea Court Prootnot No. 1 let Friday In each
Booth, San Marcoa.
Preolnct No. 1 Sd Friday In oaeb month MX City.
' 3 Sd " Wlmberley'a Mill.
4 4th " Dripping Springe,
vows orriosaa.
Mayor O. 8. Uock. ,
Council W. D. Wood. O. W.' Donalaos, T. r.
Dailey, D. A. GloTer, Wm. Oleaen.
Marahal r. M. Prince.
K. P. ley. Street Commlaaloner. .
Council meets the Brat Tuoedey In oaoh mootn.
NA1L.M.
ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE OF, TO AND
FROM BAN MAR008 P08T OFFICM.
Malla from Auatio arrte at 5:10 an 8:10 P. M.;
eloae et 4 40 and T.AS P. M. ...... . ...
Malla from gaa Antonio arrive at S:S5 A. Ms sad
0:50 P. M , eloeo at 8 06 A. M. and 0;0 P. M.
Ullng, arrivee at U M., aloeae at ll:tf . P. at.
AboTO malla arrlro and depart dally.
Blaaeo, via wUnberleydeparteTnoeday and Friday
at s i. X. Arrives- Tiareday and Saturday at
t P. M.
' err tea a ecu.
General Delivery from 8 A M.. to U .. and from
1 P- M. to i P. M. oaeept daring dlatrihation of
malla and on Suodaya an kolidaye. Open mm
Sandaya thirty mlnutoa after dletribntloB of eeca
.1 th. prl.o.p.1 -itBtIT 4TO.P. .
METHODIST. Preaching at tte
Moth ad lot
Church every Sabbath, Her. Bocknov Jerrle, Peata.
Suaiay Brneol at 0 e-eloee. A.M. CUee eeti.
or young Meo'e Prayer Meeting at 8 o'clock P. M.
rrayer Meeting on weoaa-w
CBKlfTIAH.-D W Prilrhott. reeekef 'In eterwe.
Serrieee every Lord'e day Moralog and night. Sun
day School at ( a. m. Prayer aeeilg a'ory Wod
nadaynlKht. Lodlee Aid aedeiy. 8 . oery
rriday. A cordial tori tattoo asteoded to aiU
PRt8TTtRlAII.-8oTTea tad al 4lh Sooday.
ooeh meoth. Ho 1. B. Frwh. aalec. 8ead.
Brtoot at the FroohytMeo Church k.k'
attJ0a.ni. Provor Meeting ery Thareday at
TJ0p,m. AUarolnvliodtoattonol.
PMOTI8TANT BPtCOPAL-8"1ca lot aed
M Saadayeeech woath, at 10 H a-eacck, a,ael
t (at 8U Mark-a Chare). the tov. Mr.
Alton.
BAPTIST. Proachlog at lc Bapttot CVnrvh
on toe na and :hlrd Oaadaya In aec aaeeiih.
Bev. J. Beadea. caaaov.
CATHOUC eatttera 4th Baadag la
Boe. Father Meraadt. foetcr.
sotirnrA
Atort BJoaa CmmT Bo 1, a
Ttorarian 1 mmr pint. B B
Cha Hetrhtace. Foroawa. T.J.
1 n4U44ne,ie.l. aean tao wwm
4th. OHauri ra eaah m'h, Bd B, Boaa.
FTOTtdr.t.C. B .Kee. P.i. a. W. C. Pargov Brat
ai.. Jurtae ladaiph. mm aeae I ft Laaga.
-.-T j J . . r.n, 1 1 1 llry. . .
Oaa Boxcoo Mr SS ai lae lot Beiai air
eaaat to aaek B4. B. Baaa, , Atoort
Bavoa rVcrrtary.
oa VaMCVmM BV tSB. Bo-oa W tj4il
oarh awl F J C. tank, U. B P-
9.Tt1t K af BBo ITB. m HaaJll
'UamtaHaaaaa. J, V. Paaasaea, o
toaer ; T. J. Pan. an nm.
t. B F. leoxHt 'a. 14 i-aa "-V
"? ag. . P. Wera. B. . I B.
-ea CVaaw .alo. BaaB B.i. C tj j
t1 Safe aay. Baj a-oay eafcavj
BUSINESS DIRECTORY.
BANKERS.
E
D. J. L. GIIEEN, Southeast Corner
Plaza, at Malone's old stand.
D.
A. OLOVEE, North side riaza.
LA WYERS.
-TTTOOD t FOBD, Wood's New Building
TJpstuirs.
O
X. BROWN, Offloe In Mitchell Build-
, ing, upstairs.
T7USHER ft ROSE, Office in Wood's New
JL' Building upstairs.
NOTARY PUBLIC & G'L AO'T.
T H. JULIAN, Judge Wood's New Build-
X.
ing. Upstairs.
PHYSICIANS & SURGEONS.
D
B. E. deSTIEGER, office at Reynolds
A Daniel's Drugstore.
D
KS. WOODS & BURLESON, Office at
Jlaynolds a. Daniel's drugstore.
D
B. WM. MYERS, Office at Fromme's
Drugstore, Southeast Corner Plaza.
DENTISTS.
D
B. J. H. COMBS, Judge Wood's New
Building, upstairs.
DRUGGISTS.
K.
FROMME, South side Plaza.
RAYNOLD3 & DANIEL, North side
Plaza.
DRY GOODS.
GREEN & PRICE, at Malone's old stand,
Southeant Corner Plaza.
DRY qOODS di GROCERIES.
JOHNSON & JOHNSON, Mitchell Build
ing, North side plaza.
DAILEY &, BRO., Southwest Corner
Plaza.
XT' I. IOLEHABT, East side of Plaza.
J-J.
Opposite Court House.
BOOTS SHOES.
JB. HANKLA, Manufacturer and Deal
, er, North side Plaza.
JERH. LAUMEN, East side Plaza.
WHOLESALE GROCER,
ATABTIN HINZIE, Southeast Corner
Plaza.
GROCERIES.
rp AYLOK 4 BRO., Eat Side Public
I Square.
A.
J. SWASEY. South side Plaza.
HARDWARE. .
GW. DONALSON 4 CO., North side
. Plaza.
FURNITURE.
J.
WARD, East side Plaza.
JW. NANCE, near Southeast Corner of
. Public Square.
WA TCHMAKERS & JE WELERS.
W.
H. BOBBINS, North side Plaza.
CARPENTER AND BUILDER.
JF. PATE, residence near the Coronal
. .Institute.
STOVES & TINWARE.
THEODORE HERRING, Northeast Cor
ner Publio Square.
M
ABTIN HINZIE, Southeast Cor. Plaza,
SADDLES A HARNESS.
C.
8. COCK, Southwest Comer Plaza.
LIVERY & BALE STABLES.
B
ALES 4 SON, San Antonio Street.
MEAT MARKET.
s.
L. TOWNSEND, Southwest Plaza.
BAKERY CONFECTIONERY.
F
BITZ LANGE' South aide Plaza.
"THE CURRENF 5trt?-S
CBraavporfMgroadl Ont anuiaas ao
aBBBaaaaaa aa im la net
PJiS: Lraa,-STa.
, K" a h aoa a JZJZrZmm ta-e
Brat aad ttr mmm rmt. fry. 'irTiiwrraa
. OSaM: ?-a. a-d .! m i Ml.B BW.a-
II II
1 m
M .aaSBBa-" aW I BB Bjga
1 1
a aT V ' f aav
SobaxTrt-j lor tlaf Twa Pn
AYER'S.V
Cherry Pectoral
Ko other complaints are so tnaluiooi In that
attack as thoeo affecting the throat and rungit
none so trifled with by the majority of offer
ers. The ordinary cough or cold, resulting
pcrbapa from a trifling or unoonaclous ea
posurc, Is often but the baglnnlug of a fatal
sickness. Atib's Cubby Pbctobal has
well proven Its effloaoy In a forty years' flght
with throat and lung diaaaaea, and should be
token In all oaaoe without delay.
"" A Terrible Cough Cored.
"In 18571 took a acvra cold, which affceted
Biylunga. I had a terrible cotighjtiid paaacd
night after night without aleep. The doctors
gave me up. 1 tried Avbb's Cbkhhv Pbxv
toral, which rolieved my lunge, induoed
loop, and afforded me the rest ueceeaary
for the recovery of my etrangth. By the
continued ura of tha Pectoral a perma
nent euro was effected. I am now tit years
old, hale and hearty, and am satisfied your
Cusjutv facTOHAL saved me.
HOBAOB FAIRBBOTHBa."
Bookingham, Vt, July U, 1SIU.
a
Croup. A Mother's Tribute.
"TOTilla In the country laat winter my little
boy, three yeara old, waa taken 111 with croup;
It eoemed aa if he would die from etrangu
lation. One of the family auggcatod the use
of AVER'S Chkrbv PictoraIh a bottle of
which waa always kept In the house This
waa tried in small and frequent doeee, and
to our delight in leas than half an hour the
little patient was breathing eaaily. The doc
tor aaild that the Chkrrv Pectoral had
saved my darling's life. Can you wonder at
our gratitude? Hinoerely jfoura,
Mrs. EMMA ORDinv."
1B8 West 128th St., Hew York, May 16, 1881.
-I have need AVer's Crerbt Pbctobal
In my family for acveral years, and do not
hesitate to pronounce it the moat effectual
remedy for coughs and colds we have ever
tried. - A. J. Crahb."
. Lake Crystal, Minn., March 18, 1882.
" I Buffered for eight yean from Bronchitis,
and after trying many rentedlea with no auo
oeaa, I waa cured by tiie use of Avkr's Chbb
sv Pectoral. JosErs Waldbm."
Byhalia, Miu., April B, 1882.
" I cannot say enough In praise of AVER'S
Cherry Pectoral, believing as I do that
but for its use I akould long alnce hare died
from lung trouble. E. buAODOH."
Palestine, Texas, April 22, 1882.
No case of an affection of the throat or
lungs exists which cannot be greatly relieved
by the use of Aybb's Chbrby Pectoral,
and it will atwayt cunt when the disease la
Dot already beyond the ooutrol of medicine.
PREPARED by
Dr.J.C.Ayer&Co.,Lowell,Ma88.
Sold by all OrugglaU.
OLDE
The formula by which Mishler't Herh
Bitten it compounded is over two hun
dred years old, and of German origin.
The entire range of proprietary medicines
cannot produce a preparation that en-,
joys so high a reputation in the community
where it is made as
SHLER'S
1TTERS
II is the best remedy for Kidney and
Liver Complaints, Dyspepsia,
Cramp in the Stomach, Indigcs
Hon, Malaria, Periodical Com
plaints, etc. As a Blood Purifier,
it has no equal. It tones the system,
strengthening, invigorating and giving
new life.
The lata Jndre Heyee, of Laneaeter Co.. Pa., as
able Jnriet aDd an honored cittuo. once wrotat
Jdlihlar'a Herb Bitten la very widely known,
and baa acquired a groat reputation for medi
cinal and curaUve prorertiea 1 hare uaed mymlf
and In my family aeverai bottlee, and I am eati
Sed that the reputation la not unmerited."
M1BHLEB EEBB BITTEB8 CO
.4638 Commerce Bt., Philadelphia.
Parker's Pleasant Worm Syrup Never Fails
m SURPRISE !
THE GOVERNMENT ENDORSES
The American Agriculturist.
raoa raa vswrsoamn, vot. g. Jcar reauaaas.
The Amerieoa Agrleultariat le aseeially worthy
eraonlton, becaaaa the remarkable eoooeoa that
haa atteaded the unique aad antlring afforta ml Ita
rroprietora to Increeae and extend tU drealatiea.
ooaiente ara dupllealod every atooth for a Oer
aaaa odlttoa. which alee alrcolaUe widely."
Thie tribute la a pleaaUg loeidont Is the aerve I-
leaa nearly
HALF A CI WTO ST
Career of tbtoraeegalsod leadlag agrteullael leer
aal af the world.
WHAT IT IS TO DAY.
gli aMathe ago the Aaerteaa Agrtealiarlet entar
ed apoa a aew aaraero) preepeH'a, eod te-dey II le
fareepertev ao aay elaillar period leal ever praSeeod
la tela or any other eaaatry. Blchf la elliailal
etroagths rtcaer la eagrariage; prlattc aa Oarr ae-
crlgtoal raaetng ai vtf fraa ta ahl-ai wrttot. aad
aoarly a haadraS IHoaareUaea. Dr.Aoargo TharWr
tar arorly a qeartar et o ooier the ealiar.la-celf
mf lae Saiarteoa Sgrrteahartai. Jawph Barrla,
Byraa P Biod.Cat. O. M. WeM, aad aodrrw B.
a-.ii. ik.hauf IIbo adl'ova. taartaar with
I taeaihar arttan whekaoo aaAa the Satxicaa Ag-
t rteakariet what M le la-day. ara etlll aa ibctv paMa.
WHAIi rntcf 1
gTOTVeaaaeclheewaoo eaarrnattaalala annela.
y laraafdaO ae with the pftaa. 01 SO par raar. aad
i It rrotaetera Iwaaaia aa CralaaaOia ajaaeeg
01 OS la all will rmtmlrm a aainul S grteaWar-
lat tar B-a. taet, aad an af lata, aad will ktaa
, araerd with lae laataa sartealearVat Poaov fr
'alae'dia. Qawaatt. tee Paaaa aa oa lee a-
gr.naga aaa'y haoad aa aluh. htarB aad goat.
ThM) 1rtr mwm ailiaa ai a rosarkakat atare
haaaa e4 aa af loli i en tar e'T Oiparfiaa,
athawae h-awladpa. Ii ila lug aw agnaalaarad eaa-
alravat f Dr. iftaraar.
Oaad uhtao twa aeat alaaaai Oar aMraag aaa
aaaH Aiaiaiaa linaiaimi, aaa
, fn ia UaU aiak a) 1aaKB
aj a an paca af aar faeafly t
mrm mmm
i rratjasrat abvbsTsb arrL
TTaiST. Baa. Aaaa, rtaav Saw. Boeaaaa.
tot
je IB.
enror. Haar Tr.
ataaaTaav. Aa
tarn waav foa ad.vwCa
rCV Wasnx, aw Va a tmm
Jb B ae'aad a ae"
' aVSI OkStV- a"'tvU"ta
i COOS KB 4V riBJ .,
1 san--rr. its
TOGETHER.
The winter wind io wailinR, aad and low,
Across the lake ana tnrougn ino rustling
aiwlao,
The splendor of the goldf n after-glow
(ilea tut turougrt tue Diacuieas oi tne great
yew hedKe;
And this I read on earth and id the sky
"Wo ought to bo together, youaud L"
Rapt through ita rosy changes into dark,
Fades all the westj a t through the shad
owy trees,
And In the silent uplands of the park,
Creeps the soft sighing of th-t rising
breeze; .
It does but echo t) my weary A;gh, ' '
"We ought to bo together, you aud I-"
My hand is lonely for your clasping, dear,
My ear is tired, waiting for your call;
I want your strength to help, your laugh to
cheer.
Heart, soul, and tenses need you, one and
aU.
I droop without your full fr mk a.vmpathy
Wo ought to be together, yo J and I.
We want each other so, to cmprohend
The dream, the hops, tUirgs planned, or
seen, or wrought;
Companion, comforter, aud gui.'.e, and
frieud,
As much at love asks love, does thought
- need thought.
Life is so short, so fart the lone hours fly
Wo ought to be together, yon and I.
AU the Year Round,
DO T0U'.t BEST.
When honest Davy Crockett said,
"Be sure you're right, the t go ahead,"
He crystalized a maxim true '
' 'Ho buildsd better than h knew."
Be sure you're right; or come as near
The right as mortal man may steer;
Who dons his beat, exhausts his store; ' '
"Angels themselves can do no more."
Be high your aim; then if you miss,
Your consolation comes with this;
If I did miss, I missed the sun,
And so have mode a prouder one.
Be not discouraged; work awy;
Worlds are not builded in a day;
Though clouds enwrap you far and wide,
Tuere's suushine on the other side.
The needle whose magnetic soul
Forovor searches for the pole,
Even thiB will vary. Judge ye, then,
If ooustaucy can dwell with men.
Perhaps the ntorm may by its force
Compel a little ohange from course:
Yet ohange with care, aud when you can,
Rasuoie your "on, straight on" again.
The Foe of Southern Social Life.
The insidious foo of American, and
regret it ns wo mny, tile special foe
of Southern social life, is the un
denied tendency to languishing lux
ury and effeminacy among the well
to do young women of our Southern
cities and large towns.
Young women gently nurtured,
brought up without a care to ruffle
the peaceful happiness of their lives,
do not roaliza how thin dreadful ma
nia for expensive pleasures and a life
of alternate idleness and amusement
is destroying their beulth, abolishing
true marriage, feeding the flame of
gross sensuality and intemperance
among young men, aud saddening
the hopes of the best parents in the
land. Some of them will never
know in this world.
Thousands of good hearted young
girls are sacrificed every year, when a
little wise, loving guidance could have
saved them, but parents are often
times too reticent, too dilatory, too
much afraid of circumscribing their
enjoyments, even though they know
the danger lurking therein.
But we feel that they should be
warned that unless they change this
mode of life they will pass away like
the flowers of June bud, blossom,
bloom and die and a more hardy,
resolute class occupy their places.
American society is beginning to
grow sensible and progressive, and
it will discard every class Of trillers,
male and female, and those who do
not work, as the forest sheds its
withered leaves. Let them wake
from their social dream of indulgence;
learn to live out of doors; to build up
their health; to cultivate a more sim
ple style in dress not necessarily
niggardly or plain in quality, or styl
ishness, but with true comfort and
regard to the inexorable demands
of sanitation; study domestic economy,
social skill and tact; fit themselves
for the noblest positions yet offered
their sex, and learn that a true wo
manly Southern women io the jewol
of our civilization, the soul of our
purest life, not the tinseled and be
dizened figure of dissipation and de
cay.
Tbe Brligiofl Demasdea by the Tlatf.
"TLi world needs a religion to-day
that will make a man s word as good
as his note ; that will make it poeeee
sor pay one hundred cents on the
dollar, eell Bixlrwn oancee to the
pound, thirty-six inches to the yard,
four parks to tbe boohoL and one
hundred and twenty eight cubie feet
to tbe cord ; that will make a work-
man do a full day b work for a fall
jdsy's pay, whetbW the eye of bis em-
plover is npon Lirn or not t that will
make capiul ducorge the lion's aLare
of all profits and d.vide them equally
and joatly With Ubor ; that will eaaae
tbe maanfartnrrr to c?e from adol
' teraliDgT Lis roods, bis clerk float
pcrloirjirjp; from Lie emplojer, the
oSoal fm eabezxUr)g the funds
committed to cmb traat j ia n, a
' relirioa thai will make xtrn boeest.
tprrht. jvore anJ trnatf orU.y in all
toe walks of Lfo j a rI ioe that oi
'ot'v Boke teB Wsttt. bwt also
snkae tVa riVotmeL- Q. D
CTOMA.
BT biv. atonal a. thatir.
Christian Register.
It is a little loss than four hundred
years since Thomas Morej-the friend
of Erasmus, and like him a pioneer
of the Protostant Information, which
meant an improvement in other
human concerns besides religion
wrote that political romance, Utopia,
no place, which has given a name to
tho manifold dreams of later vision
aries concerning tbe near future of
the habitable earth. His happy
commonwealth beyond the Atlantic,
whose laws were to be conformed to
justiooand humanity, was so strikingly
in contrast wiiu me orututuir vi
things anywhere in Christeudom that
More could only venture to wish that
such a republic might be rather than
hope for its possibility, let most or nis
extravagant dreams have become
realities, not alone in these United
States, but even in Borne of tho Old
World kingdoms. In Utopia, every
child should have a fair education ;
and Germany and Scotland long since
set the standard for the diffuison of
popular knowledge which we have
only imperfectly imitated. In that
ideal land, tbe main object of penal
law should be to restore the criminal
to usefulness instead of getting him
out of the world as violently as possi
ble ; and most of the offenses which
stocked the gibbets of Henry VHX's
time with decaying corpses a greater
terror to the innocent than to the
wicked have disappeared from mod
ern society with the advent of that
other reform, of which More so pleas
antly dreamed, which has given the
laboring man, even in a large part of
Qreat Britain, a chance to earn good
wages and to live in a fair cottage
with windows to let in sunshine and
a chimney to let out smoke, and be
hind it a garden for flowers and
vegetables. And there are scores of
manufacturing cities on both sidos of
the sea, in which the Utopian plan of
mingling, in wholesome proportion,
the earning of the daily bread with
the cultivation of taste for things
beautiful and an acquaintance with
tbe world's boat knowledge is easily
realizable by the common factory
operative through the generosity of
the mill-owners.
When, therefore, any modern seer
of socialism, whose suggestions of
discontent with the things that are,
in government or in faith, are apt to
be branded as revolutionary and un
christian, as were Mores hints at
the badness of the social order in the
sixteenth century, tells us in not
wholly smooth words that we must
improve our laws and customs, even
of the most venerable sort, or the
social fabric will go to pieces, we may
be helped to keep heart over the
prospect of a long life to civilization
by remembering what improbable
prophecies of human progress have
already been iumlled.
The modern Utopians are many
and active, not the least prominent
of whom just now is that Henry
George, with his device for abolishing
poverty and discontent by making all
land national property, whose eloquent
books have stirred up a hope among
a large number of intelligent people
in Great Britain that the clew has
been found to lead the nation out of
the maze of social distress in whioh
it is getting sore bewildered, and
whose notions of the laws of wages,
rent, and p opulation, have set tbe
other teachers of political economy
to scolding and calling names, like so
many theologians.
Whatever sharp criticsms may be
made of George's economic theories
or of those of other able agitators
who are more properly to be classed
as socialists, they holp to Bet thought
ful people to studying more earnestly,
than ever the great diseases of
society, poverty, drunkeness, and
crime, and to dreaming with eyes
wide open of certain respects in which
the kingdom of God that reign of
righteousness and love which Jesus
and his immediate disciples main
tained would come npon earth, and
not alone in some remote skies may
be set well npon the road to fulfill
ment at a very near day.
First among the visions of the
modern Utopia is that which it is
plain to be seen must be made sub
stantial, if tbe world is not to go back
into semi-barbarism i namely, that
every well-diapoeed man must have
adequate means of bodily health and
comfort. It does not seem quite clear
that, as things are now managed, the
human race is getting swiftly toward
that end. Europe is becoming
enormously overcrowded, aa is shown
' by the great quantities of food which
j it baa to import t and there is a not
very remote limit to tbe relief afforded
' by emigration to America and tbe few
'other parte of the world which are
open to colonization. A hundred
j years benre, according to the calcnla-
tions of the freeident of tbe London
, SUtisUcal Sonet v. at tbe pretest rate
'of increase, the United SUtee will
have a population of eight hundred
'millions, which would rive to avb
'aqiare mile of hJx table ground more
than twice as many people ae taoee
cpon eumiLar territory ia thickly
-tU4 Trance. If true onr eapr-
leoatthes llMtre is yet dare j-.D'-iD
among tha laboring classes of Europe,
and a suuoring, too, wnicn is rel
atively more keen than ever before
experienced, because it victims
know a great deal more about the
possible plenty of the world than
their predecessors in other centuries
knew, what will be tho likelihood of
properly feeding and clothing these
masses, when we shall have nearly or
quite aa much aa we can do to supply
ourselves T The dismal conclusions
of Malthus that population tends to
exceed food supply, and must be
diminished by some disaster, seem in
danger of taking dreadful body with
in a few centuries.
That multitudes here in America
will one day know a distress to which
their fathers have been strangers
appears very likely. But pain ia the
pioneer to new conquosts of nature
and a superior order of life and,
under the pinch of sooossity, men
will open their eyes to neglected
opportunities and to needless abuses
of the earth's bounty. What large
stretches of empty and deserted land
the older States of the Union can
show, which under a culture as
thorough as that of Belgium would
become a fruitful garden ! What
monopoly of precious soil for doer
park8,grouse thickets, and sheep pas
tures there is in in Great Britain,whose
agricultural laborers are among the
worst fed in the world 1 What harry
ing of tillers of the soil and other
producers by bad governments there
is in the Turkeys, Persias, and
Egypts of the for East 1 What waste
of fertilizing sewage in multitudes of
towns and cities I
The Utopian sees an approaching
dissolution to Oriental governments
and a consequent restoration of
productiveness to now desert lands.
The Saharas will be irrigated and be
covered with date palms. Scientific
culture of the soil will supplant the
comparatively barbaric wasteful agri
culture of Illinois, and Kansas. The
great rivers instead of, as often now,
being a menace to the life and pro
perty of the dwellers in their valleys,
will be tamed and harnessed to agri
culture as well as to manufactures.
Tbe bare mountain sides, stripped by
greed and improvidence, will be re
covered with useful forests, out of
which only the mature trees will be
culled. The sea will be full of food
providing fish. And, heresy of here
sies, all land will, In some wise and
itracticable way, be made available
or the sunstenanco of the whole peo
ple of the country. Private luxury
of soil possession will yield to general
necessity- There can be no starva
tion permissible so long as there are
hands willing to work and ground
capable of being planted. The prob
lem of human comfort or despair is
for man's solution by positive intelli
gent effort, and not to b left to a
fatalistic waiting npon Providence.
True it is, in a general sense, that
the brutal past of despotism and
in tolerance, out of whioh most of our
existing social evils spring, has been
the product of an inscrutable dostiny
to which the masses of men must
meekly submit, and whose drift they
have but dimly perceived. But it has
also been and is now true that human
wit backed by morality could change
the currents of fate. War, tyranny,
the oppression of the poor, the thous
and grinding wrongs of the world,
and especially the devastation of
lands aud other wanton extravagance
of naure's gifts, have their origin in
man's refusal to use his brain or to
listen to his conscience ; and it is in
the hope of a mighty awakening of
human intelligence that lies the
prospect of satisfying everybody's
hunger and covering everybod'a
nakedness.
So a second condition of the
new Utopia is that everybody shall be
educated. As for tbe outside barba
rians, we must for the present leave
them to the operations of tbe strug
gle for existence, with a chance that
they will all go to the walL But the
barbarians within our borders must
be imprisoned in the school bouse
long enough at least to obtain some
idea of their place in nature, of the
sort of forces, wild or social, with
which they will have to grapple in
life, and the readiest modes of beat
ing tbe enemy.
The modern faith in the all regen
erative power of the schoo-master is
somewhat of a fanaticism, perhaps; bnt
there is experience enough to show
that the chief alternative to intelli
gence which sundry eccleaiaatics and
other reactionaries recommend under
the misnomer of religion (more prop
erly, hapless superstition) has had
but poor success in making energetic
and quick-witted people, such alone
aa the coming crisis must have.
What a difference it makes in deal
ing with preventable diseee, so aa to
keep np the physical vigor and that
mental tone which is condition of
productive enterprise, whether a
strange remeay uae vaoiirutuon is oi
fared to a torpid souled people or
those accustomed to think!
What a battle with etopid igno
rance machinery Las had to tt,
especially spinning and weaving gea-
cLinarv, t!lWjb it kateooM aa a
moat bene&owct aliy to caaa ia c;s
wrt; fur breetd aod raj-metta !
Fjcr-T aiid, and wts Uacl4 at
fur aiy.a; so, tbat H weald be the
province of future man to regenerate .
climate. But intelligence is already
putting belts of trees upon the Kan
sas prairies to diminish tbewinds and
to equalize the supply of moisture
and heat i while the artesian wells of
the French engineers have created
many oasts in the African desert; and,
when the canal from the Mediterran''
ean does its work on the burning
sands, not only the heart of Africa,
but Southern Europe will experience
a change of uniform temperature. '
So the saving of household drud
gery which wears out so many wo-' .
men whose brains might be exerois-.
ed at invention, or turned to' the ra
tional administration of charities, or
to similar uses for economizing lifo
and strength, and putting them
where every blow will tell, is possible
only among thinking peoplo who are
capable of seeing the advantages of
new projects, such as, 0. g co-operative
housekeeping.
The emphasis which is to be laid
upon large and immediate increase in
human kuowledge and wisdom is of
the nature of that military sagaoitj
whioh, in preparing for a siego, in
sists that every man who hagrin him .
the making of a soldier shall submit
to drill while all non-combatants shall
be sent away. The optimism of tha
American in the Civil War that ex
temporized militia would be equal to
all the fighting was a costly folly whioh -cannot
be prudently repeated in the
approaching contests in which shall
be arrayed upon one side the hope of
true freodoin, equality, and spiritual
development of the majority of the
human race and on the other side the
cortainty of the slow starvation and
consequent barbarism of millions : of
people who have onoe beheld, but
could not hold the promised land of
civilization.
And, once more, the'peopleof Uto
pia will have a universal sense of
moral responsibility put into daily
practice in all relations, moral and
sooiaL . . 1 ' '- '"
It is one of the surprising revela
tions whioh come to many visitors of
the poor in American cities that by
far the majority of tbe wretched are
the produot of drunkenness or of s
shiftlessness whose parentage a few
gen rations back was in oleoholio drink.
It is the strong impression of British
philanthropists that the "intolerable
deal of sack to the penny worth of
bread "in the working man's purchases
has quite as much to do with his deg
radation as the inequality of the
distribution of natural wealth, against
which he is wont to raise such an out.
cry. ' More self-restraint everywhere
among the poor, supported by statute
law as well aa by organized philan
thropy; more prudence and foresight;
more recognition of duty to their
neighbors would prevent squander
ing of aotual resources and create new
means of subsistence.
But there is equal need of a com
mon morality among well-to-di peo
ple. Eliminate from the Irish quea- .
tion that sort of absenteeism in
land-owners which means enormous
expenditures in gambling, or in per
sonal luxury which has no extenua
tion in its benefit to any wholesome
art or industry, and let the produce
of the land be rationally distributed
among thousands of small freehold
ers, and Mr. Gladstone might com
fortably retire from statesmanship
and the Fenian would be out of busi
ness. Limit our American million
aires to tbe possession of what their
own sagacity, unaided by mere luck
or the tricks of the stock market had
earned and then impose upon theia
Peter Cooper's conscience, and many
a foul quarter of our great cities
might receive sanitary improvement,
and many a poor household now des
perate nnder an unjust impoverish
ment would be happy and ambitious.
As the competitions of life become
more severs with the increase of the
world's population, it will become ne
cessary for the more prosperous mem
bers of society to give up in the in
terest of the whole community many
of the priviliges which have come
to be held as rights, simply through
long usage. And it is in this direc
tion that the socialist's claim that
land, like air and water is human prop
erty, inalienable to any permanent,
private ownership is likely to have
its vindication. In an ideal Christian
commonwealth, although there would
be no leveling, no distribution of
wealth without regard to earning
power, yet God's gift, whether in the
natural soil or in the enhanced value
of land which eomee from its being
in a town or city, would be recogni
zed as common property, which, at
tbe summons of need tbe provisional
owners would wiliirgly Barrwoder to
the Slat.
And it is just so far as tbe ideal
commonwealth of Jeetus the kingdore
to come oa earth, is son to be no
'mere arbitrarv inaposiUuei upon a
I world ineapable of receiving it, but
the reeolt of a leg-btnate evolution
of bamaa e stare boiiOUGg up aax&An
! society; and eo, in tbe so-eo-Jed tea
IprmvticeMhtift in Jeooe' rrarhinr.
i the long beforehs-Bd aeticpaUon cf
, a vwiUb'.o a aad j-h.krtpbr, th4
' tLe reMiooas man Lethe be ca.1 1. ta
rn .1 a ('fenotian, or wbthr te oti'y
ipf CunabAS'ty, ffa'a nrro tSat tj