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10 BATTLES IN INE AIR ARE 10 BE BITTERLY FOUGHT With Advent of Flying Machine Will Come Contests as Exten sive as Invaded Element. INVENTOR ASKS QUESTION Edgar Reagan Predicts What Will Be the Next Step in Aerial Navigation. By Edgar U. G. Reagan. (Inventor of an airship, he .is now preparing to fly in San Antonio, and widely known as a San Antonio in ventor in other lines.) Darius Green, that historical illu* tration of the chagrin coming to unsuc cessful flying attempts, was not an ex ception to the general heritage of man kind of the idea that men may and will some day fly; that idea is as indiginous in the average mind as the notion of Deifie ancestry, original sin. atonement and restoration to the right to use pinions as a mode of locomotion. These ideas are all undoubted fruit age of aspiration to get away from the ehagrin of conscious defects and limita tions, and for aught we can prove to the contrary may be an echo of fact of traditional nobility and movements of an ancestry, whose vaulting ambi tion to rival deity in .knowledge con stituted the original sin we are prone to offer as apology for our limitations, ns little as we recognize the lesson taught by that awful tragedy—(wheth er fact or fancy) that “pride goeth before destruction and a haughty spirit before a fall.” The fiwls of the air in their method of locomotion have always been envied . by mankind; what maiden or swain in lovelorn aspiration has not at some time exclaimed: “Oh, for the wings, of a dove,” etc.! This universal dreamy aspiration fathered the prophesy that the realms of the air would some day I be explored by mankind; and this mute : appeal to ambition fired the audacious real of dreamy genius, not only to imi- 1 fate the original inventor of the vital flying machines, the birds, with which the air is filled, but to go one better, and vault into space on artificial wings —or other device, manipulated by pow er developed and directed thereto or not, at choice, and, used or not, at; will. In this brief summary we have an epitomized history of cause and effect, aspiration, desire and the ambitious ■will of genius to demonstrate the mas tery of mind over matter, and gratify the dreamy aspirations of covert de sire to master all creation. Battles in the Air. The love of conquest is an essential element of ambition, and it is hardly t thinkable that that born of ambition would be free from controversy; and, undoubtedly, with the advent of the flying machine, will come contests. ■ sharp and bitter, and may be extensive I as the element invaded by their use. < l For more than a hundred years I savants have predicted that men would ; fly. so goon as a structure light enough, i and strong enough with enough power ■ developed by engines sufficiently small and light was devised; and develop ments in lightness, strength and thej least, displacement of motive powers having reached the point of adapts I If ion to such use, the “kite” of such Isize and lightness to he driven by it has been successfully attempted by a multitude of designers in different parts iof the world; but it was found mount 'lng into the air was one thing, and the successful poising and manipulation of aerial craft was quite a different [proposition; a balloon, as has been ob served for ages, will go up. but to [guide its course, start and stop when end where you wish and direct its course, start and stop when and where you wish and direct its course, is still a matter over which one class of en- Ideavorers are racking their brains; having learned how to get into the air. LOOK AHEAD For your summer vacation money. Start an account now and by summer it will amount to something, if you continually add to it. THE EMMET BANK, (Unincorporated! THOS. L. CONROY, President E. J. MCCORMICK, Cashier J. F. GAI.LAGHFR, Ass’t. Cashier The Bell Jewelry Co. 227 W. Commerce St. Sterling Photo Frames Sterling Silver Coasters, new New Novelties in Cut Glass, Flower Vases, Table D corations and Candlesticks. You Want Good Lumber and Prompt Delivery Try Us For Both MODERN BUILDERS SUPPLY CO. “The New Lumber People" Both Phones 823 Lake view Ave. TUESDAY WHO HAS AIR FRANCHISE? A picture that hardly needs a lan-j guage chart to impart its forceful sig- > nifieanee showing the battle royal that! will be on in the courts between the! Wright brothers on the one hand and! Aviator Paulhan on the other to decide and “propel.” the question of control is puzzling the minds of others, experi menting with different forms of giant kites, each, in his own way striving for the same result —“fly"—and that is where the “battle in the air” be gins its clamorous din; each fellow gets his idea patented and asks injunction against infringement—their ideas must; clash, because, men thinking from cause | to effect reach similar conclusions by’ similar routes, and simetimes, inde pendently, without a knowledge of each other, adopt the same mechanical de vice to produce a desired result. When this is the case, the man first to patent office should as a matter of fact be protected against infringement of any device in construction not in common । use which his plans and specifications ' call for; but, this is all he has a right to claim protection on; a machine is patentable, a result, no. Yet contentous ambition of genius will want to monop olize not only “the flying,” but the air in which he flies, and the beginning of this bold piracy will put the brakes on honest endeavor, and blind the eyes of genius to its practical dreams, choke development by restrictions, and waste time, money and morals in un seemly wrangling, while a general paralysis will seize upon and palsy i hands capable of executing designs that I will fulfill the demands for machines ! that will successfully navigate the air. Living Flying Machines. Tn this connection it is pertinent to । ask: Who originated “flying ma- I chines?” Could the fowls of the air be classed as such? in that they fly, wheth er they bo called “fowls of the air” or, “livingflying machines” heavier than air type. If so, is it a new idea, or an idea handed down from the be ginning of the world by the “supreme inventive genius” of the Creator? If so, is any inventor entitled to patent protection on anything more than just what his applications and specifications call for? Are not any other machines, (many more complicated than flying ma chines), protected to this extent alone? Is locomotion on the water patentable, or is it the craft? Look over the vast strides from the aborigine’s canoe to the stately steamers that plough the main in all kinds of weather; if it were the going, that was patentable instead whether or not the Wrights are within their rights when they claim everything that exists at the present time in the way of flying machines as their sole in ventive principle. Paulhan and other aviators are expected to fight the Wright dictum to the last ditch. of the thing that goes and the monop oly per]>etuated, there wo.uld be no ocean traffic because the thought of improvement in craft would have been stifled in the horning. So with vehicle locomotion on land, from oxcart to luxurious victorias—and, from the horseless velocipede to the motorcycle —and from the toboggan to the latest agony in high-priced fancy autos —and on from the creeping mule ear or tranm-ways to moving palaces on steel rails drawn by monster locomo tives—in one and all, not the going, but the machine that goes is entitled to protection by patent monopoly vest ed in the originator as a reward for his thought and labor—the policy and purpose of all patent law being to en courage by rewarding with a monopoly for a time on the machine produced— not a prohibition against other and further and better thought, striving for a like reward for producing a machine that may produce more and better re sults of same or similar kind of re sults. ' Again, review the multitudinous de vices patented for producing rapidly and intelligibly a record of human thought on surfaces and otherwise: Sculpture, its multitudinous tools; painting, its coloring preparations, pro cesses, tools and implements incident to it; writing, with indeterminable in struments; machines and devices from the rubber stamp to the linotype and variety of printing devices from the “original model” to the modern presses used in getting ont large daily papers—machines and parts thereof, all proper subjects of patent monopoly— but. principle—results sought, as. loco motion, by any means whatever, is not, or should not be sought to be monop olized by any one worthy of the name of inventor. But, ambition is usually greedy and injunctions, and suits for infringements may be expected, in con nection with this latest fad of govern ment and wealthy citizen, clamoring fo- pre-eminence in this age of pro gross; but, if the “going up in the air” is patentable, why not sue the Creator for infringement in the making of his vital flying machines? Entitled to Protection. It is freely admitted (the writer him self being an inventor) that every man i is entitled to the best protection of his I ideas the government can afford him— hut. steps that are taken to claim some .thing beyond that called for in appli j cation and specifications on thing ma chines, if permitted by the courts, will I not only cut out, discourage and sup i press some of the best thought of the | strongest and best minds in America , but discourage desire to improve on : crude first machines, and tend to thwart successful and safe aviation of the air. I and the appeal to the courts .for re- I straining orders on alleged infringe ments by foreigners prohibits aviators ' from foreign' lands visiting us as i brothers with a common thought to en courage human progress into a domain of science heretofore unexplored. As the writer sees it. nt present it is not worth while for any inventor at the present stage of progress to be come furious because he thinks some man has infringed his ideas, for it stands to reason that in a short time, present ideas will be things of the past anil forgotten, or ridiculed as crude; and, again, it the same time were taken up by the man of ingenious mind in the improvement of his mechanism for fly ing that ho would likely spend in wrangling and making war on other in ventors seeking the same object he is, claiming they infringe his rights and ideas—results of such time de voted to improvements would be mani fold greater to himself and the anxious, waiting, expectant public—more and more clamorous to flv. Be it not overlooked that the writer is nn inventor and will be until death: I know the troubles of inventors, and am not making war against any, but, on the contrary, will stand by and help to protect any ideas that- ho may bring forth; this is not boastfully, but mod estly stated, as an assurance of broth erly feeling for niv fellows who are committed to externalizing creations of ingenious thought by self-denial and SAN ANTONIO LIGHT AND GAZETTE WHY PAULHAN DIDN’T STOP TO SAY “FAREWELL” Mystery of Sudden Flight From San Antonio Is at Last Explained. CLEARY RECEIVED A TIP Injunction Had Been Granted in New York and He Wanted to Face the Music. Edwin Cleary’s hurried departure from San Antonio and the caiwellation of all the dates in Texas for flights by Louis Paulhan, the aviator, whose man ager, Cleary, is, has been explained. In New York, where he is now, Mr. Cleary says it was due to the receipt of a message informing him an injunction against Paulhan had been granted by the courts. A dispatch from New York says: , Either the Wright brothers, flyers and conquerors of the air, soon will achieve their ambition and virtually own all the atmosphere, or the injunc tions they have obtained in all parts of the country and which have been responsible for driving Louis Paulhan and other foreign aviators out of the United States, will be smashed forever. This is the news which Edwin Ciei ry, himself an American, and man ager for Paulhan, is today spreading broadcast. The statement that he w.ll fight every injunction through the last court of resort as Paulhan’s manager was accompanied this morning with a lengthy, but deeply interesting argu ment pro and con on the tight of tre Wrights to “control the air.’ Cleary, who is a native of Ken tucky, possesses the distinction of be ing better known in any European .country than he is here. He was known in this country years ago as stage director for Edwin Booth, ar. I held many important positions in the more noted theatrical organizations <f two decades ago. Cleary draws the parallel between the treatment accorded the Wrights when they, as unknown American in ventors. visited France in search >f financial aid and encouragement in the art of flying, and the treatment they have accorded the foremost of French aviators in this country. He says that the “warping wing” device which is the basis of the in junction against Paulhan is a patent, on a method of control, and not upon a mechanical device. He states that in 1893 the French man, Adair, constructed an aeroplane embracing the warping wing device hard work. And, it is with this same feeling of right and fair to each and all that I urge this idea: Should this suppression by invoking courts’ pro cesses generally obtain, would even a patriotic inventor fee) himself obliga ted to hold his ideas in reserve until patents expire within a government whose patronage is pledged to, and its courts protect rights of monopoly to the first comer who obtained general re sults to the results rather than machine made as per application and specifica tions on which patent, issued? or, wouldn’t he rather expatriate himself for the benefit of enlightened progress and accept protection of a foreign gov ernment for his ideas of mechanical construction that brings about result all seek for? I think so, and fear, therefore, the “battle in the air” on American claims will not be conducive to the most rapid progress in producing the highest type, best and safest machines, in which the people will not be averse to taking n comfortable seat and be transported swiftly and safely to destination, for reasonable fare paid. Free Remedy For Weak Bowels There are two forms of bodily cleanliness, the external and the in ternal. The one is for your pride in yourself; the other for your life and health. Both are important, but of vastly more importance in the long run is the internal cleanliness. This is one point that al! should watch about their body—the cleanliness of the bowels. Keep them clean and free from obstructions. To do this vou must have one or two movements of the bowels each twenty-four hours. If your system does not do this naturally, in the process of eating and drinking, then you must obtain aid of some kind. After finding out that cathartics, salts and such things relieve you for a day. but bind you up worse than ever the next day. then try a simpler and more natural remedy like Dr. Coldwell's Syrup Pepsin. For the skeptical the best way to be gin is to send your name and address to Dr. Caldwell for a free sample bottle. Use it as directed and if It convinces you that a brief continuance of its use will relieve you permanently—that it will train the stomach and bowel muscles to again work naturally at certain hours— then buy it of your druggist at flftv cents and one dollar a bottle, just as so many others are doing. They began with a sample bottle, then bought a fifty cent bottle, and now. fully convinced of Its merits, they buy the one dollar family size. AII the members of the family can use it down to the very youngest A brief use of this grand laxative tonic will cure constipation in its worst form. Indigestion, liver trouble, sick headache, sour stomach and such ailments and keep you In continuous good health at a very small cost. Such Is the experience of many families like that of Mrs Oscar Fleener. Unionville. Ind.. J. F. Daniel. Saren. Tex., and hundreds of others that could bn named. Dr. Caldwell personally will be pleased jto give you any medical advice you may desire for yourself or family pertaining to the stomach, liver or bowels absolutely free of charge. Explain your case In a I letter and he will renlv to you in detail. 'For the free sample simply send your name and address on a postal card or I otherwise For either request the doctor's address is Dr. W B Caldwell, K 513 Cald- I Well building, Monticello, HL Today and Tomorrow II Sale Closes All $25.00 Thursday woo Fall Suits 1 Fall Suits f That means that you e have just 3 days left a cn to take advanta s e ° f cn these prices. Every > K — garment is hand-tail- ■ == ored and included are ______ blues, blacks, fancies. See Commerce Street Spring Hats, Oxfords Windows for Styles VVBrotieMx and Shirts Are Ready which, according to Cleary, is as old as the hills. Lastly, Cleary is pre pared to fight the matter through Tn the American courts. “I see by the papers,” said Mr. Cleary, “that Louis Paulhan was chased all over Louisiana, Texas nnd Oklahoma by officers of the law, who were anxious to serve injunction papers upon him. On February 24 we were at San Antonio, Texas, preparing for flights. Or the morning of tbnt day I received word that an injunction against Paulhan had been granted by the courts. I at once canceled the day’s engagement —at a great finan cial loss —and came at once to New York, bringing Paulhan, the mechani cians and the machines. I have thus shown my respect for the court, and the trip to New York was for the pur pose of accepting service of these papers as soon as possible. “As to the merits of this suit against Louis Paulhan and myself, I cannot speak. That matter I ’.a in the courts. I have been overwhelmed with letters and telegrams from abroad— messages from those engaged in aviat ing enterprises—expressing the great est surprise that such action had been taken in this country. “Foreigners, particularly the French people, realize that in 1893 Adair pat ented an aeroplane in which the ‘warp ing wing' device was employed to maintain stability.- That machine is at the present time in a French mu seum. side by side with the Bleriot across channel machine, which is built on the same plan. This was before the Wrights built their first successful ma chine. “The Wrights, as we understand it, have patented a method of aperation, and not a mechanical device. I might say that both are as old as the hills, for Sable, on September 12, 1809, flew in his biplane in Paris.” SAN MARCOS PEOPLE . TO FIGHT PHONE RAISE Special Dispatch. San Marcos. Tex.. March 15. —San Marcos people who use the telephone do not propose to submit to the raise an nounced by the Southwestern Tele phone & Telegraph company, and a mass meeting will bo held tonight at which resolutions will bo adopted that the old rates must lie maintained until 1000 phones are in use or the users of ihe company’s lines will all order their phones taken out. The announcement of the raise to take effect May 1 was made yester day. Charles Davis, the young ne'gro who confessed after being arrested, to set ting fire to a number of barns nt San Marcos, was yesterday sentenced to five years in the penitentiary. The grand jury was dismissed yesterday. -e—* Capt. Bogardus Again Hits the Bull’s Eye. This world famous rifle shot who holds the championship record of 100 pigeons in 100 consecutive shots is living at Lincoln, 111. Recently interviewed, he says: “I have suffered a long time with kidney and bladder trouble and have used several well known kidnby medicines, all of which gave me no re lief until I started taking Foley’s Kid ney Pills. Before I used Foley’s Kid ney Pills I was subjected to severe back ache and pains in my kidneys with sup pression and oftentimes a cloudy void ing. While upon arising in the morning 1 would get dull headaches. Now I have taken three bottles of Foley’s Kidney Pills and feel 100 per cent better. I nm never bothered with my kidneys or bladder and once more feel like my own self. All this I owe solely to Foley’s Kidney Pills and always recommend them to my fellow sufferers.” Bexar Drug Co. AUSTIN MAY BE IN NEW BALL LEAGUE Special Dispatch. Austin. Tex., March 15. —Austin has been invited to join a minor league of baseball teams,' now being projected, winch will include Temple, Taylor and other large nearby towns. It is now practically certain that this city will be out of the Southwestern league nnd the now proposition may be taken up as a last straw by local fans. W. M. Woodall, secretary of the Temple Com mercial club, is boosting the new league. Your family will need a spring tonic. Why not give them Hollister’s Rocky Mountain Tea. Nothing equals it as a bracing, life-giving remedy. 35 cents, Tea or Tablets. Lone Star Drug Store. Doctors Curry & Waganer. Dentists—Gibbs Buildir.fi. For Sale-—Old papers. San Antonio! Light and Gazette. • I TEXAS UN VERSiTY TO GET THE WHALE Special Diepatch. Austin, Tex., March 15. —The skele ton of the big whale captured at Sa bine Pass will probably become the property of the University of Texas, according to Dr. Horatio H. Newman, professor of zoology at the university, who has just returned from Port Ar thur, where the whale is on exhibition. The Port Arthur board of trade >s exhibiting the whale now and is mak ing considerable money out of the show. After the exhibition is over the skeleton will probably be given to the university. CATCHER SULLIVAN’S CONDITION SERIOUS Associated Press. Los Angeles. Cal., March 15. —Billy Sullivan, catcher for the Chicago Americans, is suffering from blood poi soning as the result of a wound inflict ed in his left foot a rusty nail. Sullivan’s condition is said to be seri ous. The player is at the Elks’ club, where he is delirious from fever. NEGRESS TO ASYLUM. Austin. Tex., March 15. —Matilde Robertson, a negress, was found insane by a jury in the county court and sent to the state asylum. According to the testimony of her brother, Miles Robert son, she has developed a mania for prowling around at night without clothes. 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SAVE MONEY By Using SUNBEAM Tungsten Lamps, they double the light and lessen the ex pense. st jA A Call and be Convinced Graham £ Collins Practical Electricians 246 West Commerce St. BOTH PHONES 1698 SAN ANTONIO CARRIAGE CO. Q First-class carriage painting, trimming J and rubber tiring. I Automobile Tops Made to Order i New Phone 880. 602 Market St. ANDREW KOEHN | del/catesseF| 207 SOUTH ALAMO STREET Lunch room for !•<!*•• and gentlemen In connection. ___ 'ii i— —i ■■'■■■ 1 ■ " ARCHER Offlclsl Photographer National Rail ways of Mexico. Designing, Illustrating Photographing 132 Soledad St. Veramsndi Bldg. DR. T. C. BELL Specialist Cancer and Diseases of the Skin Office, 401-402 Moore Bldg. Houri 10 to 12 and 3 to 5. SAN ANTONIO ART GLASS CO. MIRRORS AND BEVEL PLATE Old Phone 2873. 331 EAST COMMERCE STREET R. SI ROHkEfER Ragtered Plumber A 1 rain lavert STEAM AND GAS FITTER. 704 St. Mary St. Old Phone 2947. New Phone 1130. GD A V SELLS HATS n M 1 FOR LESS And will save you at least one-third on up-to-date styles. Hats cleaned, re-blocked and re-trimmed. Special prices on Stetson hats. 1)4 Soledad Street IT’S THE BEST IN TOWN TRY II The San Antonio Steam laundry Co. 131 North St. Both Fhoae. 270 See us for Bargains Cady-Cotter FurnilureCo. 3-7 E. Commerce St.