The patron of husbandry., December 20, 1879, Image 3

About The patron of husbandry. (Columbus, Miss.) 1875-1883

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J1
The Patron of Husbandry.
f W. H. WORTHINGTON, Editor.
:
J COLUMBUS, MISS., DEC. 20, 1879.
! MISSISSIPPI STATE GRANGE.
The ninth annual session of the Missis
sippi State Grange was held at Forest,
commencing on Tuesday, the 9th int;
and ending.Thursday night. - f j
This sessionwas attended y delegates
from all parts of State, except the J south-" j
eastex nt where the U rder has never, naa
much" strength. The spirit Jof the body
was never more- earnest and enthusiastic.
As mostVf the - professional politicians
that flocked to the Grange when it was
attracting attention and its purposes nbt so
well understood have nearly all leftthe
few remaining have but little influence;
inconsequence, the proceedings of this
meeting were marked by the utmost har
mony. The delegates were mostly old
men, who have succeeded at farming, but
who, in theirstruggles through life
against adverse circumstances and the ag
eressions of other classes, have learned the
power of organization and how, essential I
it is for promoting ana protecting uie in
terests, of their children, and they are ma
king an earnest effort in the Grange to
prepare a better way for those who are
to come after " them. These thoughtful,
patriotic men know that the Grange is the
best. and. the. only organization, ever-devised
to promote and protect the interests
of the farmers the only one over which
farmers themselves can exercise full con-
trol free from outside influence, and that
they must maintain it at every hazard and
make it thoroughly efficient in every de
partment. It was such men as these, ani
mated by : such thoughts, aspirations and
hopes, that came together at this meeting,
and who engaged in the work of the ses
sion with a devotion, an earnestness and
enthusiasm that will be seen and felt in
every Subordinate Grange in the State.
It was remarked by some of the older
members that the feeling displaced at this
meeting was admirable, . and indicated
more far-reaching, effective work than
has been accomplished b any former
session. Each delegate was fully impress
ed with the importance and necessity of
adopting measures to revive interest in the
Order among the farmers, and to induce
the thoughtless and negligent to come for
ward and enlist under the Grange banner
with those who have worked so earnestly
and faithfully to protect the agricultural
ciHi from the tvrannv and rapacitv of
other class.cc that have become powerful
through organization, and to elevate them
in all the relations of life. The measures
adopted for these great ends will appear
in the
in our next issue. In our opinion, the most
practical, and what will prove the most
effectual, measure adopted, was that to
place Worthy Master Darden on active
service during the coming year. He will
canvass the State thoroughly. We regard
the Worthy Master as one of our ablest,
most earnest and boldest leaders; he is
one of our most forcible and eloquent
public speakers, and in his canvass of the
State next year he will sow the feeds of a
glorious victory, and, it we mistake not
the spirit of the farmers of Mississippi,
the fires of popular enthusiasm will blaze
brightly in his path. His speeches at this
session, and he was called out on several
occasions, produced an elevating effect,
for they were addressed to both the hearts
and minds of the delegates, and gave as
surance that the farmers of Mississippi
have at the head of their organization a
statesman and a patriot worthy to lead on
any field and in whom they may safely
confide. :
There were present at this meeting sev
eral who were among the first to engage
in the cause, many from remote parrs of
the State, and all of whom enjoy the con
fidence and esteem of their people They
have learned the value of the Grange, and
are determined to maintain its integrity,
cost what it may. All, both old and new
members, seemed impressed with the idea
that the Grange in Mississippi is about
entering upon a new career of prosperity
and usefulness; that there is to be a great
and general revival, and this belief, and
the necessity for maintaining an organiza
tion, animated them in all their work, and
prompted them to a concert of action a
lofty patriotism in their deliberations, that
will make the influence of this meeting
more direct and far reaching than that of
any meeting ever held in the State.
The next annual session of the Missis,
sippi State Grange will be held at Brook
haven. jWe continue the publication of reports
of committees at the late session of the
National Grange. They will prove inter
esting to members of the Order. .
- The reports from the States made to the
National Grange by the delegates a
number of which we print in The' Pa
tron show that the Order is on solid
ground in most of the States. Mississippi
makes a fair showing, and will do consid
erably better at the next meeting of the
National Grange. ! Worthy Master Dar
dn will get the farmers of this State thor
oughly aroused next year, and by Novem
ber the Order in Mississippi will be
stronger by .many thousands than it ever
was. . - : ' . - ' . . .Y
THE NATIONAL GRANGE.
'.REPORTS FROM .JTH3SL. SPATES, s
' By'- Bro. Thing,- of Maine. That the
hour of 2:30 to-morrow be appointed for
a general discussion in the interests of the
Order. rT
Amended and adopted, fixing the time
at 2:30 to-day, at which hour byjcall' of ;
roll oif-States, this, Interesting and profits-
ble discussion was carried on.;; We regret j
we can only give a few points , of all the
many goad things said by the representa
tives from alt parts Tof- oirgjeat Grange '
field c ' ""
. Bro. "Adams was first, called. an3v said
that in his annual address he had embod
ied. all he had to say at this time.77f
Bro: Spilman, of California, said The
Grange in California is on a good solid
basis ; we have about got clear of our poor
material, the element we now have can
be relied upon to carry out the principles
of pur Order. Our last State Grange
meeting, held a month ago, was the lar
gest, most enthusiastic and best ever held.
Our subordinate Granges are in good wor
king condition; they are talcing in large
numbers of young people, who are be
coming much interested: We have many
business organizations on the" Rochdale
plan which are a great success; we have
a bank, insurance company, and feel full
of hope for the future. ."-7. , .
Bro. Rosa, of Del. Our Grange farms
like our State are smalV but in proportion
to our numbers, we are receiving as great
benefits as in any other State, ' We; have
lost some 1 members and taken jn pthers
who more than fill their places. Have as
many members as ever,and thosewenow
have are of better material than the aver
age of those who first joined,' '
Bro. IJooth,of Colorado W as sorry he
could not make a better report. In the
early days of enthusiasm too many joined
for financial benefits alone,. We have had.
many difficulties to contend with. The
officers of our State Grange receive no
salaries, and being farmers, can not give
the time necessary to thoroughly' advance
the work; hence, some Granges have be
come dormant. We need lecturers 'to
travel over the State to stir up our farm
ers and members to the importance of the
Order. What members we now have are
of the best material, true Patrons in all
respects. Had suffered severely ''"from
grasshoppers, leaving our people poor,
was another cause of not attaining com
plete success but we are now working
for better times. In business matters we
established an agency with $2,500 sub
scribed and $600 paid in; the first year
the business amounted to over $100,000.
When some ambitious ones, thinking we
were able to do the entire business of the
State, attempted too much; failure came,
and much damage thereby to the Order
in our State., Dormant Granges were
now reviving, and he felt sure that a bet
ter report next year could be presented
from Colorado. '
Bro. Wilson, of Fla. In our State the
Order is languishing, brought about by
various causes. Business ventures and
experiments bankrupted the State Grange
treasury by the second year. Ihrough
unfortunate selections of agencies the
business features had not always resulted
in success, which has cooled the zeal of
many. They still had a determined few
mx -wt v aT loo i- n And homing
for brighter and better days.
Bro. Forsvthe, of 111. In our State the
Order was born in a whirlwind and born
unde- a necessity, that of relieving the
farmers of the State from the burdens im
posed upon them by the railroads and
other monopolies; and it did good work
as lone as these necessities existed. We
have about 400 Granges in good standing
I . have had many reports within a short
time that the (Jrder is looking up, and
confidently expect a genuine revival and
renewal of interest. . .
Bro. James, cf Ind. I could not in the
brief -time of this discussion give a full
idea of the condition of the Order in our
State. From various causes we too have
had a decline. We were organized under
too much excitement. In management of
our funds nad been more fortunate than
others; had never less than six or seven
thousand dollars in the treasury of the
State Grange and all our debts paid. We
had at one time 2,047 Granges. Had we
never 1 had but .1,000 it would have been
better. Had at present 7,000 to 8,000 live
members; some only see the dead ones
and get discouraged. In lecturing, their
experience had been that it was better to
lecture live ; oranges tnan aeaa- ones.
Stimulate the best, and their example and
good works will help others. The mem
bers we now have are systematizing their
work better than ever, building halls, and
co-operating generally. Taking all to
gether, can report our State in good con-
dition with brightening hopes.
Bro. Sims, of Kan. The condition of
the Order in our State is bad. I can not
at this time enter into a discussion of the
causes in full. ; We orgauized too rapidly;
more rapidly than we educated. Our fi
nancial affairs were badly managed. We
have one thing on which to build a hope
Where wejiave established co-operative
business enterprises and succeeded, there
the. Order is a success; where they have
failed the Order has died out; where no
efforts have been made in this direction,
it has languished. In every single in
stance where the Rochdale plans have
been adopted and lived up to, it; has
proved a complete success, and the Order
is there strong.
Br6. Thing, of Maine Thought the re
marks of Bro. Sims applied to Maine as
well as any he had heard. Maine had
grown slowly but surely; a large pro
portion of the Granges organized were
still alive. In those' Granges where we
find the most-boy and girls there we find
the most hope. . - In some neighborhoods
the Grange had really revolutionized soci
ety, giving city advantages' of culture and
social adornment to the country-We had
bten successful in resuscitating" dormant
Granges in our State. Ono of the largest
and best they now have was once dor
mant Bro. Thing then read a carefully
prepared and most excellent paper upon
the condition of the farmer and the neces
sity of his; making, an .effort to benefit
himself by advancing his calling and free
ing it' from'the-burdens and encroach
ments of other classes. , V '?
Bro; Moore,' of Mdl Said these words
would cover the condition of theOrder in
our State. It is. fain Situated as Mary
land was on the borders and torn up as it
was by the cm! war, Be" would bear testi
. 1 , "
mony to the immense good done by the
Order in fraternizing the people thus op
posed to each other. In their business co
operation they had been successful. ..A3
an instance, great quantities of artificial
ferfilEEers are used in our state; by united
effort we were enabled to reduce the pHee
of guano to our members from t,$6)-.50 to
$45 per ton. We are teaching our people
the, importance of depending upon them
selves if they hope for Grange success.
With. us the Order is a fact, and we have
bright future. ' "7 v -.
Bro. Ware, of Mass. I am sorry I can
not give a glowing report of our Order in
Massachusetts. I will, mention a few
causes of our not attaining greater success.
Thedeputies who .organized our State
were not particular as to the material ta
ken in.a One Orange was organized in
Boston composed entirely of those whose
interests were in direct conflict with our
farmers. Others were startedln towns
without a single farmer upon the charter;
this kept farmess from joining and brought
the Grange into disrepute; but it is differ
ent now. We have to-day many ot the
best- farmers in Massachusetts with us.
The professors in our agricultural colleges,
members of the btate Board ot Agricul
ture, and numbers of other prominent and
progressive men and women are now
members, and members who will do their
utmost to keep its precepts and advance
its interests,. Our stores on the Rochdale
plan are all successful, but we hold that
the greatest 4nducements otierexr or tne
Grange are its educational and social- ad
vantages.:: Specially do I love ahdvalue
it for its nationality, and through its wide
spread influence and teachings it may yet
be used even to the saving of Uie natn
Bro. Adams not being present when
Minnerota was called Bro. T. A. Thorn p-
son was invited to report for that State-
He said the Order , in Minnesota had
passed through the same ordeal as it had
in others. It had passed its lowest point
and i9- now having as bright an outlook
as at any former time, and its march is
now onward. Their last Grange meeting
was the best ever held. V Minnesota is
prospering. . '
isro. Darden, ot Miss. baid that at the
last meeting of their State Grange a year
ago, owing to the ravages ot the yellow
fever, and funds of the btate orange being
all gone, the outlook was discouraging.
But they determined to pay no salaries to
officers except Secretary and to push
ahead. Appointed forty or fifty lecturers
to visit different parts ot the State. He
had devoted August and September last
to this work, and could now say he was
never more encouraged than at present.
The Worst obstacle to overcome was that
the people, were not posted as to the
Grange, its obiects and its results. Out of
seventeen counties he had visited he had
never failed to re-organize in a single in
stance. Over three hundred Subordinate
Granges have been revived in our State
within the past year, and the spirit was
never better since the early days of the
Order. Was happy to say that in Miss
issippi our membership had more than
doubled within the year We have 40 to
so co-operative associations, not one of
which had been a failure. As an instance,'
in my own county we organized with only
"35 capital; thpy now have Sl.OOO. In
less than a year hence we shall have not
less than 100 co-operative stores. We want
Grange papers and lecturers. We must
give up the defensive and take up the
aggressive to prosper more. Recip
rocating most heartily the sentiments
of the brother, from Maine in re
gard;io the mission 01 our Order in
wiping out sectionul difficulties, and
coming as he did from the extreme South,
it did his heart good to hear such expres
sions or goou win.
. Bro. Eshbaugh of Mo. In our State
we made the mistake of not understand
ing the educational work of our Order,
and before we did unerstand it many left
our ranks. In the last hjrteen months
am happy to say that our Order has had
an upward tendency in Missouri. We
have found out. by careful investigation
and statistics that eight agricultural and
Orange papers are, now read by our far
mers where one was formerly circulated
Our last State Grange session held a few
weeks since' was the best ever held
Would testify to the valuable aid the Or
der in our State has sustained through the
earnest work of the sisters of the Grange.
The Order is a fixed fact in Missouri.
- Bro. Chase, of N. H.- Our member
ship was originally the same as in other
States, composed of several classes. Some
joined for money only,' others for social
and fraternal " ad vantages. The first are
about all out, ' , Those left are caring for
the Grange because of the social and fra
ternal benefits. ' He was opposed to all
this talk'of business through the Grange.
We 'had 7 lost sight, of our landmarks,
Those who founded the Grange did not
anticipate the financial matters. We must
build upon these " social and fraternal fea
tures. " "'" ' .7" ' " ' ' ' '
Bro. Brigham of Ohio The Order in
Ohio owes much1 of its success to Bro.
Ellis. Our experiences are much the same
as others. ' We have written up against
the names of many, "Weighed in the bal
ance and found wanting." All who everl
were good patrons are with us to-day.
They dont know the meaning of the word
fail, and you may rest assured that when
ever the National organization shall meet
a representative will be there to say, "We
are still living and working in Ohio.";
Bro. Shipley, of Oregon, I am sorry to
say that with us the Order is not in as
good condition 7 as ; formerly. Various
causes have brought this about." Our iso
lation, covering as we do a vast territory,
and that in many portions but sparsely
settled, it is hard to keep up the commu
nication with all our Granges. They are
away upon Pujet Sound, in little valleys,
away out among the mountains. We can't
reach them all with lecturers. In thickly
settled counties,' as in the Williamette val
ley, the Order Was never more flourishing.
We never ' intend to give " up the ship.
The Grange shall live in Oregon. ' "
Bro. Harwell, of Tenn. I am sorry to
say we are in a' luke-warm condition; but
amid the darkness we have bright spots,
where we hope to keep the fires burning,
iiu iiuin mese nuciei eventually once-f
more enliven all.' Itis: not necessary to
give the reasons, for our condition; much
the same causes prevailed with us as else
where. We do look to the National
Grange for something that will give us
hone for the future. We have yet among
usmuch Grange faitkWe baeor hope!
of the luture on orange education iur uu.
people, and we believe we must com-
meucejn uie puoiic scxioois ui ; "i"ivi
we have already secured -the passage. of a
law! hjouul4eiitx''PfyPSf'f?
books to , teach at least tne? elements, i
agriculture iriour.sch6ols. fJ I 7! : 4
Bro." Franklin, or Verroont-Our State
has ever been alive to the interest 6f the
Order. AlthoughThr membership is not
as large as whenthe tidalwave was
sweeping over the land, those we. now
have, have a better realization of the true
objects of the Order. We -have a tew dor
mant Granges, owing to the hurry and
mistakes at their organization. We have
no doubt that ll of these can, with prop
er means, be put upon a solid foundation.
With us the hnanciarieature nas not Deen
a success, uur state vgency-uas uccu
abandoned. We don't consider that Tea,
ture the hope. of the Order in our State.
We should look deeper for the causes'that
burden our people. . We will 'find on in
vestigation that the .laws of this country
are such as to burden' the' farmer.- Wc
must take . the ground that the farmer
must have a better representation! The
National Grange should at this Session
lay plans for high objects that are Worthy
of the support of our membership. ; We
of Vermont are willing to work" with our
brethren of the . South fn, carrying out all
the high objects, of .our "Declaration,'!
until we.shall be held together ly a United
bond from one end of Vour land to ' the
other. litlr:"-.
Bro. Baylor, of AVest Virginia Our
State is getting along well. ! We1 have
about eight thousand good members JWe.
are in a healthy condition educationally
and financially: The business Teatufesf
bur Order" through co-operation have
with us been' great helps, and "arebeing
carried out with 'increasing success; are
building up the Order in some portions of
our State. We have so far managed the
finances of our State Grange with suc
cess; always have had money in the treas
ury, and have not asked any financial aid
from the NationalGrange. Wv are making
progress. We have instructed oUr Legis
latures and members of Congress to our
advantage. Senator Davis of West Vir
ginia, was the first to introduce into Con
gress a resolution to promote the interests
of agriculture, and the first to state on the
floor of the Senate that the Grange was a
success, at least in West Va.
Bro. Sherwin of Wis In onr State we
have taken the lead in some Grange work.'
All knew, of the railroad war in regard to
freights. Our people were pledged to
carry it , to a successful issue. We were
united and in earnest and we succeeded.
We are seeking to do our business at home,
and do it well. We have had our share
of work in co-operation. We lowered
plaster from $11.00 to $7.00 per ton by
bringing in three hundred car-loads atone
time from Iowa ;: last year reduced the
price to $4.50 per ton. The Grange pays
us in manhood and in our pockets. We
are out 01 debt. Wisconsin nas never
begged, and I hope she never will. We
have large numbers of co-operative stores,
and they are successful. We intend to go
on with it in our State. We are working
to affect legislation in regard to taxation.
We are demanding equal taxation, and
will never give up the contest.
Bro. Smith, of Georgia I regret ex
ceedingly that I cannot report more fa
vorably from our State. Our State Grange
refused to reduce its representation, and
it exhausted our Treasury. We have a
large and successful State Agricultural So
ciety that meets twice during the year. It
is largely fostered by the railroads, who
furnish free passes to all delegates. Free
entertainment is also generally had. While
this has hindered Grange progress, it has
not stopped the advance of agriculture.
The State BoaT"d of Agriculture is an out
growth ot the Grange. We shall never
consent for the Grange to dip,' on account
of its nationality. We njust preservp it to
hold in check the evil designs of partisans
everywhere. . We have but one rebel m
Georgia.' "We have accepted the situation
atid don?t wish it changed. Let -us all
work together in our Order lo break down
the sectional feeling that politicians are
constantly endeavoring to promote.
operation of these thrrteetr-Ur make the
social feature a success! It requires earn
est co-operative labor to advance the edu
cational work of the Order. Indeed, all
work: of importance n our Order requires
co-operative effort. W e must teach mem
bers everywhere their duties, irights, and
privileges upon all questions of political
economy, the affairs of government, and
the rights of citizenship. When these
questions are properly understood, and
we apply co-operation in its true sense, as
is reasonable and; just to a free people, 1
equitable distribution of the blessings,
and equally share the burdens, of govern
ment. ...
By co-operation, properly understood
and correctly applied, we can remove
nineteen twentieths of all the burdens of
which the farmers now complain. In
deed, there is- not promise made by the
r J : 1 1
organization, or a iciujui uc&ucu uy 11a
members, that can not be accomplished
bv the true, method of co-operation - But
iust as lorigas we give morel heed to
.strife sectionalism , and partisanism than
we do to fraternal co-operation, we must
expect to ear the burdens that of. right
belong to others. ; 17
Co-operation in. our Order meaDs ad-vart'eernent-of
agriculture, success of our
orgahlzatidrr; prosperity;; of its members,
and elevation of a higher and nobler wo
manhood "and manhood. So thorough
are we impressed with the magnitude of
this subject, and its influence upon the
future prosperity of . our Order, that we
most respectfully recommend' that the
members of the National Grange be re
quested to use all reasonable effort In their
respective States to teach, by practice and
precept co-operation in its true sense in
all things pertaining to pur Order, to the
end that it-may be a triumphant success.
We- shall Uhen know no favoritism, no
sectionalism; but one people, one govern
ment, and thafof the people and for the
good of the people.. " .
report of special committee on the
"State of amebian agriculture.
- Worthy Master Your special committee-
raised -"to take'into consideration
the state and codition of American Agri
culture, and to .report, such measures and
policies as in their judgme'nt.will tend to
afford relief from the weights, hindrances,
and difficulties that may beset it, and to
suggest "such methods as will restore to
American farmers greater prosperity and
promote their-political find -material" wel
fare," have given the subject such consid
eration as opportunity and circumstances
I allowed, and present thejfollo wing report-
Agricultural progress has never been
more rapid-. than within the last decade.
The modes of agriculture have . been
vastly improved. The invention of labor
saving implements and farm machinery
has multiplied the powers of farm labor
and accelerated the forces of production.
In that period the increase of raw pro
duction has been augmented. The ap
pliances and facilities for profitable farm
ing are in the hands of every farmer, and
the highest degree of agricultural prog
ress is exhibited, in the marvelous abun
dance of harvests. From 1S75 to 1S7S the
amount of newly settled lands in the Uni
ted States was 18,755,115 acres. The ten
dency is towards the increase of raw pro
duction, and the new methods of cultiva
tion upon all farming lands give additional
and enlarged powers of production. From
these additional resources agriculture
yields a larger, annual wealth, and, taking
a general view of its progress, it might be
accepted as evidence of ..a general pros
perity among those who are engaged in
its fields; but when applied to the indi
vidual farmer the' reveise is presented.
Surrounded : with such advantages, and
notwithstanding the stupendous efforts of
the agricultural people to keep abreast
with the onward march of other trades,
occupations and employments, farm cap
ital and labor receive less remuneration
than equal capital and labor employed in
other departments of life.
American farming is growing less prof
itable and less encouraging. . In a country
possessing as many facilities of cheap pro
duction this discouraging aspect of agri
culture must be and is the result of other
than natural causes. The annual addi
tions of wealth under the enlightened
system are enormous, but from the une
qual division of the profits of labor and
the unjust discriminations made against
it, the enlistments of property Skhow that
the farmers of the United States are not
prospering., While it is rapidly extin
guishing all debts and restoring an equi
librium to the Currency of the conntry, its
votaries are deprived of a just share of the
rewards of rtheir-tqil. 'Capital concen
trates to make Corners and form rings to
fix prices. Transportation companies are
allowed to raajce and unmake prices at
will by their unjust and discriminating
tariffs and freights.; Subsidies and tariffs
are created to protect other industries to
the prejudice of agriculture. Commerce
is shackled, American productions are
denied the markets of the world through
If ....I
: property made to bear an unequal and
f indue proportion of taxation to afford ex-
?mptions and privileges to other indus
', ries. Monopolies are permitted to as
. ', ' ' tume power and control and exercise
prerogatives and privlieges justly belong
ing to sovereignty. , Encouraged by leg-
lbiation ana stimulated by power, they
haVe grown.dictatorial and . imperious in
tneir aemanas, unrelenting in their exac
tions, and cruel and unmerciful in their
impositions. Society has become extrav
agant and is now a heedless spendthrift of
the painful earnings of, labor. Govern
Jrnent has become proud and autocratic.
while her tolling millions are humiliated
n their poverty. 'States are lavish and
prodigal with the people's money. . Cities
and towns grow.ricb. at the -expense and
'-impoverishment, of the country.. Laws
re ingeniously formulated co make justice
luiuy ana tnus tend to encourage crime
and disorder. In view of tK .n.coV..
jlished. fact that the productive industries
must pear the burdens, of. society, chief
among which is agriculture, the natural
nursing mother of all the occupations,
trades, and professions of our people, it is
found that it is over-taxed and over-burdened
with unnecessary, unjust, unequal,
and flagrant impositions, that a fnct
of right would transfer to whpro diA
Wly belong. The farmers of America
Javeon all occasions shown themselves
Jo be a patient and enduring people, and
f urther submission to wrong, and injus
tice will be a sacrifice nf monkj
exnibition ot cowardice. Stirred with-
l41UlllllfIJil JlilM
just sense of right and supported by the
integrity or our purpose, the National
Grange of the Patrons of, Husbandry, in
th? name and interests of the farmers of
the United States, sternly demand
v. I,'?hat thf DeParment of Agriculture
shall liernade an Executive Department,
and the Commissioner a Cabinet officer
31 thr"Agr!culturar Department
shall- be sustained and supported by an
nual appropriations commensurate with
the importance of the great and perma
nent industry it represents. " - .
3. .That commercial . treaties shall be
made with all foreign countries, giving to
American products equal and unrestricted
intercourse with themarketsof the world.
4. That governments be admhT
in a cheaperand simpler-manner enn
nant with the conditions of the peonl
5. That a more rigid economy iA
expenditures of public money be rn ,
lished. J ere e&tab-
6. That the laws shall be plain and
t-1 tn Vi nr1 that i f ! , 1 11 ,
crime punished, and good , governm
maintained. "lent
7. 'That the creation or allowing of m
- f ' , ... . , jiijj OI
tnirit "anil crfnitie n f fro .... 1 i lne
the
eminent. ; i : 6 "
fTr..
8. Tbat the tariffs of freights and fa
over railroads and all transportation co '
panies shall be regulated and a'l Un;'"t"
discriminations inhibited by law.
o. That taxation shall be eaual anA
form, and all values made to contribut
their just proportion to the support of the
government. .
10. That the revenue laws of the Uni
ted States shall be so adjusted as to bear
equally upon all classes of property, to
the e.nd that agriculture shall be relieved
of the disproportion of burdens it bears
That the patent laws of the United
States be so revised that' innocent pur.
chasers of patent rights shall be protected"
and fraudulent vendors alone held respon!
sible for infringements of lights and vio
lations of law. 7 .
1 2t. That a system of elementary agri.
cultural education shall be adopted in the
common schools of the country.
13.: That vfe'are entitled to and should
have a fair representation in the legi&lj.
tive halls of the country, chosen from the
ranks of the farmers.
Emphatically asserting our unalterable
determination -to support and maintain
these principles, we demand that they
shall be incorporated in the laws of the
country for the protection of American
agriculture, and invoke the aid of the far
mer of the United States in their sup.
port, regardless of party affiliations and
party mandates. To follow the dictation
of partisan influences whilst our earnings
are spirited away, and our families be",
gared, is a degradation and sacrifice that
can not longer be endured.
With manly dignity we boldly declare
our rights and interests, and with unwa
vering devotion will maintain and defend
them on all occasions, and this warnings
defiantly thrown to the world.
PREAMBLE AND RESOLUTIONS OFFERED
BY BRO. J. T. BRIGHAM, W. M. OF THE
STATE GRANGE OF OHIO, AND VXAXI
MOUSLY ADOPTED.
Whereas, This Grange recognizes the
importance of the work undertaken bv
the Department of Agriculture of the U.
S. Government in behalf of American
farming and farmers, and the earnest pur
pose of the Commissioner and his assist
ants. We are also impressed with the
magnitude and importance of the work
needing to be done in scientific investiga
tions and experimentations which may
properly be expected of this Department
of the U. S. Government, and deplore its
lack of means to supply the men and fa
cilities imperatively needed for the work.
Whereas, the great industry of agricul
ture, which is the foundation of our na
tion's wealth and prosperity, is practical
ly without representation in our national
Congress, and the great majority of our
national legislators nave but slight Knowl
edge or appreciation of the useful ends to
be served by the Department of Agricul
ture in developing the industries connect
ed with our farming interests and shed
ding new light on the varied questions
which are agitating the minds of our pro
gressive farmers;
Therefore, Resolved, That we use our
best efforts to make effective the influence
of our farmers in securing more liberal
treatment by Congress of our Department
of the U. S. Government.
Resolved, Thata committee be appoint
ed to prepare an address or circular letter
setting forth the leading facts concerning
the Works undertaken by the Department,
and showing its importance to industries
of the various sections of our country the
magnitude of the work that ought to be
done, and that we believe would be don?
were the necessary means furnished;
showing also how paltry have been the
government appropriations for the bene
fit of agriculture as compared with liberal
appropriations made in behalf of com
merce and objects of political significance.
Resolved, That we provide for placing
this circular in" the hands of twenty or
more leading"and influential farmers in
each congressional district, with the re
quest of this Body to them that they write
personal letters to their representatives in
Senate and House, or have personal con
ference with them, urging upon their at
tion the importance of increasing the ap
propriations to the Agricultural Depart
ment that it may be the better prepared
to aid the great industry which we reprgr
sent.
Resolved, That this matter should be
brought before each "State Grange meet
ing, with a view to giving all the farmers
of the country .a more adequate concep
tion of its importance and securing their
hearty co-operation in securing the just
and adequate increase of appropriation to
the Agricultural Department.
There seems to be great activity in the
Order in Arkansas, and the demand for
The Patron is growing in all parts of
the State an excellent indication.
COST AND PROFITS OF A "NEW PRO
CESS" COTTON FACTORY.
The following statement of the cost of the ma
chinery of the "new process" cotton factorv at
Westminster, S. C, and the daily expenses ta&
profits, will be found very interesting and sugg
tive to farmers in the Cotton States. This factor
is run by water power, and is attached to a com
and flour mill:
COST OF MACHINERY
One card and Attachment, etc., $2,5 09
DAILY EXPENSES.
7 operatives, at 50 cents each, f 3 5
i b tss or manager, " 1 S
Incidentals, oils, etc., 1 5
500 pounds seed cotton at 3 cts. per pound, 15 00
Total daily expenses,
DAILY EARNINGS AND PROFITS.
33 bunches yarns, $ pounds each, 165 lbs
at 18 cents per pound.
21S0
$2970
13
per ct. hard and good waste, 6ay 13 lbs.
. ' at 3 cents per lb.,
Gross daily earnings,
Net dairy profits $9 89.