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EDWARD G. LOWRY A Writer of Recognized Authority on National Government's Business Methods. No Washington correspondent li bet ter known or more highly esteemed than Edward G. Lowry. That In it self means that he has broad and deep knowledge of national and world af fairs ; that he is skillful In getting the news and tactful in writing it, and that he has the confidence of the pub lic men with whom he comes in con tact But Mr; Lowry has more than that. He baa the really patriotic feel ing that the Intimate knowledge of the nation's affairs, which he acquires through his work in Washington, should be imparted to the people of the country wb'o have not bis privileges, in such a way that they wUl be led to take that personal interest in the doings of the government, which alone will result in good government He wants the people to reaUze that it is their government, answerable to them only, and that they only are responsible for its good qualities and its bad qual ities. It is this feeling that has in spired Auch of Mr. Lowry's best work. Born in Atlanta in 1876, Mr. Lowry was educated in private schools, the Georgia Military institute and by priv ate tutors, and,began bis journalistic career at the age of twenty-four. In 1904 he was sent to Washington and has been there almost continuously ever since. He has been the political correspondent of Harper's Weekly, has written many articles for the periodi cal press and since 1918 has been the Washington correspondent of the New York Evening Post, and for a consid erable time the managing editor of that paper. When Germany started the World war the government natur ally found important work for Mr. Lowry. For two years he was at tached to the American embassy in London, and then he returned to be come a captain in the aviation section of the signal corns. Then he was as Si SB m ■: n SSS /: J Edward G. Lowry. ststant military attache at London and on the British front in Flanders, and was with the American Army of Oc cupation In Germany. For his valu able work he was awarded the Brit ish Military Cross. Recently he wrote "Washington Close-Ups,'' a series of character sketches of eminent figures in the national capital, which the country is reading with vast enjoyment. For two years Mr. Lowry has been making a close study of the business of the government. He is given credit In congress for his aid in passing the budget bill and in bringing about the naming of the joint committee of the house and senate to Investigate and report upon the administration and or ganization of the government executive departments. He now wants the peo ple of the United States to know the details of the United States govern ment, which Is their business. He be lieves the knowledge of these details will make of them better Americans nnd give them a better government. No man not imbued with Mr. Low ry's high Ideal could have carried out this study of the government business so exhaustively and painstakingly as has he. Probably he now knows more about it than any other man In the world. With extraordinary persever ance and dogged persistence he went after hidden facts and multifarious de tails—and got them. Nothing was too big for his comprehension or too small for his attention. At one time he went to a member of the cabinet with the statement that the government had on its payrolls, exclusive of the officers and men of the army and navy, one employee for each 68 people of the United States ten years of age and over engaged In gainful occupations. It took that cabinet officer, with the assistants he had at his command, a considerable time, and considerable ef fort to verify Mr. Lowry's statement, but he found it to be true. As the result of his careful studies ■ Mr. Lowry has written a series of ar ticles on the business of government income and expense; where the money comes.from, and how and for what it Is spent; whether the organization of the business side of government is effi cient or Inefficient; whether the gov ernment wastes tho money we give it. The series is not in any sense politi cal. It is not an attack, not a muck raking expedition. It recites facts, conceded, acknowledged facts. These facts come from the men in the gov ernment—from tlie government Itself —and they are all facts that every American citizen is entitled to know aud should know. The series of articles on this subject of "Where Your Taxes Go" will be carried in these columns. They should ba read by every American who is In terested in th? welfare of the nation. Where Your Taxes Go How Uncle Sam Spends Your Money in Conduct ing Your Business By EDWARD G. LOWRY Author "Washington Cloor-Upo," "Banks Mi Financial Srstema," ate. Contributor Political and . Writer of Boeogiilud Authority on tho Motional Omnaut'. thteinm Kathode. Copyright, WMten N«wopapor Union 1. WHY YOU'RE INTERESTED I wish you would take what written here as a personal report ad dressed directly to you from me about your business. Don't think of it or read it as an article about "politics," or remote public affairs at Washing ton. It Is not that at all. It Is what I ask you to think It, a personal business report to you relating to your Individual concerns, your pocketbook and your welfare. I have no other Interest than to tell you the exact truth. Assume that you have sent me to Washington to find out for you what your agents are doing, how they are managing your affairs aud spending your money. I call them your agents for that Is all they are—the President, the members of the cabinet, the senators and all the members of the house of representatives. You hire them, you pay them, and you can fire them. You may think of them In deference and awe as a group of eminent states men, or you may call them In flippancy and too hasty contempt "a lot of But whatever you cnll politicians, them, they are your hired men. They attend to your collective business, which is called the public business. Query: Are they doing It efficiently and with a single-minded devotion to your Interests? Perhaps the largest item in the high cost of living Is the high cost of government. And far and away the largest Item in the high cost of govern ment Is the high cost of armament: preparation for war. About 90 per cent of all- government revenues, and that means the money taken from you as taxes, goes to pay for wars, past, present and future. Before I have concluded this series of articles I expect to show you con clusively that the impelling motive that induced President Harding to call the present conference in Washington to consider limitation of armaments whs financial. The pressing need of considering a proposal for a reduc tion or limitation by agreement of war expenditure was not made entirely on the ground of morality or righteous ness, hut as a plan for cutting down the operating expenses of the govern ment. If the United States government were an Individual we would say that it was broke, for its expenses exceed its income. Your interest Is simply this: that whatever decision is made you will have to pay the bill.. If today we didn't have these army and navy ex penses you would have to pay In taxes less than $1,000,000,000 a year Instead That means we of $5,000,000,000. would have about $4,000,000,000 more a year to spend on our private needs and pleasures. I frankly confess that I would enjoy having four-fifths of my taxes knocked off. Wouldn't you? Secretary Weeks of the War de partment gave public warning a little while ago that the government would require of us about $17,000,000 In the next thirty months to meet cur rent expenses and other obligations. Persons who have given close study to that possibility say that the need will be nearer $20,000,000, than $17,000, 000. The great bulk of that is for past and prospective war expenditures. For this, you and congress and the Executive departments at Washington are responsible. You more thau any body else, for it is your money that is being spent and you can stop it. In its simplest terms the procedure is this: You earn the money, congress takes it away from you in the form of taxes, and then congress and the Executive departments spend It. A great part of it is wasted. This Is established, conceded, confessed, and acknowledged by congress, which authorizes the expenditures, and by the executive officers of the govern ment, who do the actual spending. It Is your money fliat you have earned In your business, on your farm, or by the labor of your hands, that is being expended and wasted at Washington. Every cent that Is extravagantly or needlessly expended by the govern ment you could have In your pocket to meet the Increased cost of food, lodg ing and clothing, doctors' bills and amusements, or to put away and save against a rainy day, if you only de manded determinedly and unitedly that governmental extravagance should cease. ' I can tell you some of the conditions of governmental Spending nnd how your money is chucked about, and 1 can tell you bow you can stop it. The power is yours, and until you exer cise it waste and extrnvngnnce will not stop. Man Must Have Mustache. To be without a mustache is a dis grace in many parts of North, or High, Albania. The Albanian mother tells her child stories In which, un like our stage melodrama, it always Is the hairless man who figures as the villain.—National Geographic Society Bulletin. lira m PHASES OF POULTRY RAISING Poultryman Can Save Himself Time and Money by Applying to Gov ernment for Information. (Prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture.) Poultry raisers, whether engaging in the business on a large scale owning onl/'i small flock, will And to their Interest to get in touch with the United States Department of Agri culture when in doubt about the best methods to follow. Visitors in Washington wishing consult the department's poultry spe cialists are invited to call at their fice and also to visit their experi mental farm. The work in poultry feeding and breeding Is conducted the animal. husbandry division and Experimental Farm Where Uncle Sam Work# Out Prt$lema for the Benefit of American Poultry Raisers. that relating to diseases by the path ological division of the bureau of ani mal Industry. Many bulletins are available dealing with various phases of poultry raising, any of which may be had free upon application to the division of publi cations, United States Department of Agriculture. In addition to the regu lar bulletins there are a number pre pared especially for boys' and girls' clubs and for persons beginning the poultry business without much knowl edge of Its requirements. A list of these may be had upon application to the same division. At the department's experiment farm at Beltsvllle, Md., various ra tions are being fed to hens to study their effect. For example, in one ex periment the hen balances her own ration; In another fish meal Is Includ ed; in another no wheat or wheat products are used; while cotton-seed meal replaces a part of the beef scrap in another. Comparisons are also made of the effect of the same rations on hens of the egg breeds as compared with those Of the general-purpose breeds. Only simple rations of Widely available feeds are used. Hens In considerable numbers are being trap-nested, and matings made to determine the possibilities of differ ent methods of breeding in increasing or fixing egg production. Matings to fix certain types or characters de sired in the flocks pi so are made. No birds are retained in the flock which have a disqualification that would bar them under the rules of the American Standard of Perfection. The results being obtained indicate that it Is possible to combine utility nnd standard breeding to a practical degree. Any of this Information is available for the persons requesting it, and the department is eager to have it used widely. Boys' and girls' poultry clubs have wide Influence In interesting the children In raising chickens,. and in teaching them nnd their parents the best mqghods of handling poultry for the production of eggs nnd meat. The department is giving special at tention to improving the quality of market eggs with a view to overcom ing losses estimated at many millions of dollars annually. These studies cover the production of eggs on the farm, and their handling from the form to the country store. The pro duction of infertile eggs, which are far superior in keeping qualities to fertile eggs, is being advocated. a BUILD IN FALL AND WINTER According to Engineers Money Spent in Constructing Roads in Spring, Is Wasted. The building of roads In the spring is opposed by good engineers, who in gist that money spent at that season Is largely wasted. They hold that work should be done in the fall and winter, when the ground is in better condition and when foundations can be laid with greater permanence. They also criticize the skimpy manner in which foundations are laid, pointing out that subsequent repair bills make the whole cost much greater than the cost of solidly-built roads. Big Work in Ohio. The great highway system of Ohio for this year includes the constructior of 500 miles of heavy duty roads, re presenting an outlay of $11,000,000. Right of Way in France. In France at crossroads the auto mobile coming from the right has the right of way. Cash Value of Good Road. The actual cash value of a good road Is something that la hard to de MORE AMERICAN FLAX IS URGENTLY NEEDED Supply From Russia Has Been Greatly Curtailed. Demand for Material for Manufacture of Linens Continues as 8trong as Ever—Now Methods and Ma chines Investigated. Prepared by the United State* Depart ment of Agriculture. The upside-down condition of things in Russin has produced many looked-for results, hut none more expected to the casual mind than effect upon the supply of flax fiber. Before the World war Russia pro duced about 80 per cent of the flax fiber used In making linens. This sup ply was cut off, while the demand linens continues as strong as'ever. In the United States the normal consumption of flax fiber by tbe spin ning mills, before the war, was about 10,000 tons n year, most of which was imported. To produce this amount fiber about 60,000 acres is required. To help In meeting the situation United States Department of Agricul ture. through the office of fiber Inves tigations, Is encouraging the produc tion of flax tober by experimenting Threshing Flax at the Northern Great Plaint 8tatlon, Mandan, N. D. with It in new localities, investigating new methods and machines, and de veloping improved strains of the fiber flax which are taller, yield more and better fiber, and some of which ore resistant to disease and lodging. It has been shown that better flax Is produced from seed of selected strains than from imported seed, such as has been used In the past. Efforts are being made, too, to increase the seed of these selections for distribu tion generally. A special survey is being made this season to determine the extent of dis ease injury to which flax Is subject, and to procure definite information needful in devising methods for com bating such diseases. About 6,000 acres of fiber flax was grown in the United States In 1920, but the relatively low price for fiber has resulted in a greatly reduced acre age in 1921, estimated at 3,000 acres. PICK FEATHERS FROM GEESE Many Breeders Follow Practice Some Time Prior to Molting When Quills Are Dry. Many breeders of geese In the South, and some In the Middle West and the North pluck the feathers from the live geese at some time prior to molting. Some pick every six weeks during the summer, and early in the fall, while others pick only once or twice a year, either In the spring, or In both spring and falh Feathers are considered ripe for picking when the quills are dry and do not contain blood. Both young and old geese are plucked. The aver age yearly production of feathers about 1.1 pounds to the goose. The practice of plucking live geese, however, is considered by many breed ers to be cruel and injurious. Geese should not be plucked during the breeding season. A stocking usually is placed over the head of the goose, and part of the soft feathers on the breast, back and sides and abdomen are pulled. Enough soft feathers to support the wings always should be left. Geese feathers are now bringing about 75 cents a poilnd for pure white; 65 cents for average white; and 55 cents for gray. These prices are for good, dry feathers. COWS FRESHENING IN FALL It Means Maximum Production When Prices for Dairy Products Are at High Level. Milk cows bred to freshen in the fall mean maximum production when butter, butterfat and milk prices are better than they are in the summer. It also transfers the big Job of milking, handling the milk, and caring for the calves to a time when the farmer Is least busy. Help is easier to obtain during the fall and winter and more time is available to devote to cows. Cows freshening in the fall can be fed grain and made to produce better than they do In summer. LET POTATOES LAY ON SOIL If Exposed for an Hour or So After Digging Skin Toughens and Wards Off Decay. It is always advisable to allow the potatoes to remain on the ground for an hour or two after digging, as this toughens the skin against bruising and decay resulting from handling. It also loosens the dirt on them and re moves some of the moisture from the uu ''!>' o so that their appearance and • nonllty are improved. HOW MACHINE THAT PICKS OUT DIAMONDS CAME INTO USE. —When the laborers descend Into the diamond mines at Kim berley, they blast and pick out the hard diamondiferous earth and place It in wooden tubs that are hauled on stout wires to the surface, where the earth is spread over the ground to un dergo, for several months, the softening Influences of heat and cold. When it is soft enough it is shoveled into the washing machines, where the dirt is sep- j arated from the rough diamonds ; and other large mineral sub stances. The mixture of miner- ; als remaining is known as "con- ; centrates." J It was formerly necessary to go carefully over these concen trates to pick out the garnets and many other foreign sub stances, until nothing remained ! but the rough diamonds. This was a slow and laborious opera tion, but it was an essential j part of the mining industry un- j til it was superseded not so many years ago. Among the employees in the ; sorting room was a youth by ; the name of Kersten, who went ; quietly to work to find a way ! to separate the diamonds from : other stones more quickly and j more easily than could be done j by the slow process of hand j picking. He was not dlscour- ; aged by his many failures to ; find that way. One day by the merest chance the boy made the discovery he was seeking. A rough diamond and a garnet happened to be lying on a small board on the ; bench where he was working. ! He raised one end of the board. ! The garnet slipped off, but the I diamond remained. He found that there was a coating of grease on the board that had j retained the diamond, but not ; the garnet. The boy procured a wider ; board, coated the side of it with ; grease, and dumped a few hand- ; fuls of concentrates on it. ; Then he found that, by holding ; the board in a slightly inclined ; position and vibrating it, all the concentrates except the dia- ; monds moved to the, lower end | and fell off, while the diamonds | remained in place. ! Then the boy Invented a ma- I chine ■ by which his discovery I might be utilized. Considerable !; study was required to perfect { it, but at last the machine was 1 completed, and the diamond ! magnates were Invited to wit- < ness flie new method of separnt- - Ing diamonds from the rest of the concentrates. The Invention was an entire A more simple nnd success. complete device for saving time, lnbor, nnd loss of diamonds could not lie Imagined, enlirp work is now done by ma chinery, hand-picking has been wholly superseded, nnd both the inventor and the mine owners The have profited handsomely by the labor-saving mnehine.— Christinn Science World. -+ WIDOW OF JAMES J. HILL DIES Mrs. James J. Hill, widow of the late James J. Hill, president of the Great Northern railway, died at her home in St. Paul Tuesday marning following a long illness. She was seventy-five years of age and had been failing in health since the death of her husband in 1916 She is survived by six daughters and three sons. Despite her numerous gifts to charity and educational institutions, it was declared that Mrs. Hill's estate would approximate $15,000,000. Funeral services were held at the St. Paul Cathedral Friday and she was burled beside her husband on the Hill estate. A Parlor Attachment Ned: Have you formed an attach ment for Miss Petite? Ted: No, nature formed It. I just put it around red!"—Wayside Tales. Where It Falls Down—Prof.—"Do you believe In a more elastic cur rency?" Schol.—"No, it's elastic enough. Why not make it more adhesive?"— The Owl. The difference between socialism and foot-ball is that in football the. kicking is done after the gains are made.—Sioux Cit- Journal. Thru Service We Win A discharged battery will freeze; To freeze a battery ruins it. Why not have it taken care of now, and prepared for the freezing weather which is coming! Blackfoot Storage Battery Company Phone 525 North Main '? X THOMAS * Mrs. Ralph Stander, who has been suffering for some time with quinsy is improving rapidly. The officers and children of the Thomas and Cottonwood primaries presented all those over fifty yeai*. ui age, also the sick, a Thanksgiving basket filled to the brim with good things to eat, numbering about eighty-two baskets in all. Mrs. Marjorie Parkins and Miss May Allred came down from Rex burg Wednesday evening to spend Thanksgiving. The friendB and neighbors o' Mr. and Mrs. George Bankhead walked in and surprised them Tuesday uigut. All enjoyed themselves greatly. The Bankhead family are leaving Satur day for Utah to spend the winter. The teachers of the Wilson school spent Thanksgiving in their own home towns, Mrs. Holsten at Th* gree, Miss McHan at Pocatello, and Miss Swan and Miss Hall at Preston, Idaho. The Thanksgiving dance was a big success, old and young turned out, and everyone bad a good ti me. Mr. and Mrs. Hans C. Christensen entertained Mr. and Mrs. T. P. Fackrell, Mr. and Mrs. Edwin Foi sted, Mr. and Mrs. Philip Anderson and families on Thanksgiving day. Howard Stander is home again, after spending a couple of weeks in Brigham Ctiy. DON'T DESPAIR i It you are troubled with pains or aches; fed tired; have headachy, indigestion, insomnia; painful pass age of urine, you will find relief in GOLD MEDAL i » aa &nnn Th* world's standard remedy for kidney liver, bladder end uric acid trouble* end National Remedy of Holland line* 169SL Three sizes, all druggists. Guaranteed. Leak for the FURS Reduction Sale of BEAUTIFUL CAPES, COATS, SCARFS AND CHOKERS Buy now a»d save money. A small deposit will secure any fur. Furs made to order and we can remodel and repair your old furs to look like new at lowest prices. Send your furs to us Hudson Bay Fur Co. Salt Lake City, Utah Make Your Home Happy Surprise your wife or daughter this Christmas with a piano. Watch her face light up with joy and appreciation. That alone is sufficient reward for your thoughtfulness. Isn't it worth while? See Clive Music Co. Blackfoot Bridge St.