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THE SOUTH BEND NEWS-TIMES o J u t .MV, i ntitiwuv i'S. 19I.V Mock Mm M J i V-- Ih.-d fc TESTS SHOW HOGS THRIVE OM ALFALFA AND SMALL CHAINS Bushel of Wheat Will Produce Thirteen Pounds Gain in Weight Barley FIakes High Grade Meat. Th- growing f s .it.- ; n 1 t pp-rt'i- tiin (lf pi.rk ar md u i i s tli.it to du ar ( T , i r 1 1 : i i -: im i .1.-;ug uttniion till -; Iii;t the- n ' . I t i 1 -1 . ibxpeiu Ilirnts with ..Tains V a-i may take the place- f i ii 1 -jr - purpose -s f great. i lri'-it -t t tarni- e I S. III tills f.-'!'-i. . I . . '- tlx- small grains iire o;t ri gro.vn m :t 1 u n I . t n and tor:n the Feus of Ml 1 at i ns. A grt-.it ;iij!'miii( of 'h,.t, barb-v ami 'ye Is i-.l in tin: inn oi mill j r -ducts, and is o:' .iir..' ground. In eomnion r.it('. al-o, 1 1 1 s v; ri i 1 1 s are ground more u 1 i ra I ly than rurn, ;is th' ate- usuallv niiH'h i:mlfr. Th" ! t it r liability of these small grains to pass Itilo'i;!) the- animal iin.liLO T -I ed l)os tlltj oI 1 r tU( of ,;ctl pr.o.q . e. Ite-t KV-ailu ilh lieat. "hi-f among th" Mnail trains is wheat, and it upp 1 r; to I f- th- food best adapted tor I n --- . n t i n m-d hog feeding. Th'- .i d is a ! -il i t- 1 ! ihk; w. heat or an other Lorain, llo vcver, depends upon market. pra s and -iiomic ond it ions. it Id hardly be li-:-aI"dd as , . .n o 1 1 i . a I t u-c wheat as Mock I d at th. h;h pri .- now pr ailing. A biisio 1 oi wheat prop- ( rl. f-d to r . i 1 1 . i i d v I - , fe I lis 5h'lld plod'-,. a ppt oima tf-ly 1 joutids ain in iuht. Th-- results 'f a numi"T ! ldm t'sts show that there is c-uup iraU e!y little dif ference in feeding alue liptwctn wheat a m 1 corn for s o. inc. In c adtip i inu' v arious rations in hich corn, whe.it. -ind rt- wore fd rilono or ia ombination with ea--h other, it was found that dry, ground wheat uae th"- uiat.-t returns and lt'i'iired t!i" bast amount of grain to make 1 oo i ml.s .f -am. Wheat should in' -round and mixed with sonic ; up dement. su h as tankage, peas, (.r mi -lnMii iio.il. The results o!dainei ifoni a number of tests ha'e pI'oed thiS to he a e(Md Jiractice. Ilarli'.v S'timIiu-- r.rst oi k. In i;i".it Iitaiti and northern IJuiope halby t ; , k the pia'e of corn for pork prod uc! in. badin all grains hi rodu-iii- -pork" of line quality, both as to hardr ess and tla'or. i'oh sobraide stud in tin I'nited States has lit'i"". made of the alue of ba.rh'X' as p;g feed, and t!ie results hac shown that it compares very favora bly with corn, bit bus a feeding alu- somewhat below that of wheat. What this grain may lack in feeding alue. however, it. mo re than sup; dies in its effect on the carcass. As a liiuh grade pig feed it far surpasses any other gram, and this fact makes pos-iMo the production of pork of the first inalitv in regions where l.arley is produced abunduntl. Ground or lolbd liarb is bet fed in combina tion with wheat middlings, skim milk, loots, alfalfa, etc. aim of Kr. Ke meal ranks a little belo.v t orn and a'.'oiit e.jual to ha I 1. y meal a a feed for s. me. Kyi- prodnees satis factory pork. i."piu.ii whin it is fed w ith cither grains. It is an extremely h( a . concent r;;!"il ft , d and. 'A'ill osually lave 1 . st r.'-;!lt'i when fed not t' ec. ed one-tb'rl of a ration. In many sections ! is mucii es teemed as paMufe. '.-jMeiallx u hcl'c tile soiN ;,ic ratinr l;ght. and in such instan es "hi in. g .:f" pro rs prorit .V.de. Allalla ra-inii' and IIa. Sitae o oi.omical pot'!. plod'U.tion depends largep UpoM til'- tonsijllp- I op of p. eat 1 .;! o;' iet. d. t .' 1 e i.ot ill " .-teejli !; tp'.v grow n 1 ! managed v that the t'd'age t.fodu. ed will iC ba.n, teiidc!-. and a la t a ! I . Many SM' - essflll joJ7 ra;s. pl'ej'er I.. US'' salt crops ;is allaio! a lb! loc!' for both pastare and hny at the same time. The numb, r of uo .s generally turned itito ., 'a I I is v(, hnnti d thai the usual i-rops ha-, ale made. MI.1S. N 1 1.IIS. Ma h.. I "ci -. 7. The .; ta ral sei ; . s fo.- ; !l- lute ! i s. Th.omas 11. ovarii v. ill b- h- hi Sa'iibv aftellicoa a! o' lo. k fto'a t!i'- I'tsj. ! e : H e oil ! . 1 o . i d ' '. . i ; . 1 b . li. A . Wright w :!! .at: Mr. and Ails. Waii.n 1 'odd '-'-H eu t. i tain the lb-ward t.wn-iup I'll tali i iali Sa 1 a t d i v e . ! i i n -.: ! " I ede l i : k A". st:n; i- c: it ica ll 111. Tin- f.in.ial - iv i. - :: the I..:.- Mrs. I'd.Wald I'as.-oe .,.. "u.Pi 111- d . Uv 1 ! l llu. 1 a b I!!. i ".1 e '. o . i . . i -taken to i '.ivm,;, . a 1 in tic- family let. w !i- r.- t la- t :b of ! parent:-. Mr. .( r.d M'. ! i a n iv I'ur. ar rest. Mr. M'.s. w. .. .obb and ila'.mht. r. Ibi'li. att-nu-d :h-- : s In 1 c !i, . :..i n ...nd a r. : a a -.i ti" 1 .feral partv t '. . s . ; . 1 . s. Mr. and .Vis .. ', . Wa i- . r. a ii. have had ;. pat : n: ;p s th '. . Tappan !i.".c . ! f: :-!.. t.u home : : ; p. : : t e . . . : t . St a::! y St : iu - - .. t Vp-.! c;ti ? sj.end a f w da x s w :.h i.i- -.st.:. Mc- I.UCllle. i l- -. Ul ..No go to 1 'etl oir. Mi.-s Ala e Wilb:- h. - ..: . to S. JosejPij to take a ot ;!i.!i'i'.i I I at lis. Mr. .ic.d Mi -. b o: - i luntmu;..:! hae itt i:..-t I . , i : .ra . 111. Mi- !! th .,: .1 t::h. ! !:,-- b... . e. me to So..; p. I i i; . :i fo p, cd ;: biy. Mis. At:--t M a:' lbi e g o.'ie to ("h ,14. u . t ' . u u ; W.M.N IT .K(VI'. Mr. .;nl Mi-. Aithu- Sttc:: and u;;l ' w . a s'-. ... Mr. ,;.d Mrs. r llalph H. I di k Sun d. . M r. and M i s. J. ! I I .; d k v. . r- U. s's of M i s ) '.. A. :' o.;th t: r.d .-u::d. 1 ! . K a ! a 1 tail:: Mi.-s Y. i :.a W.-- , ... a M.s S :d;. lb. ij U 1. . ..I . Mr. . i i.l Mo. !. W. L. '... k w ei -S;s of Mt . abd Ml-. Stah.r of So:;th la-:.d S in da . Mr. ..ubs s, !.,-, w..s la iu on 1 T a . da;,. Th- ;!': n i u : -a t . U :' . i - : ab-'Ut t v. o -1 1 1 1 i ! - if the 1 "..' appl: rtlons it I e..-;v . s ana at ilv . Build Concrete Silo And it A:, a iaj... mous bookb-t, cv idontly pre p. ir -1 to discourage farmers from building concrete and tile silo?, has latently circulated in some parts of the country. The booklet consists of photogra phs .f eraek'-.l aiul 1 l silos, and 1 1 i examples shown rcpr .-e-nt ', hat may happen u lun f oia r to and t i 1 - sib. are- im prip-rly o;it rU . but tllf-y slloUhl not iiC nsd to rlif re dit thes. t.ypes of silo". Whenever farm buildings arc nut. j rm.nit ntly hx atr 1. or if for othf-r r'-asop.5 a t'-mjioiary .-tructtiro is !' sirad. th- vood-n silo may jr ft rr'd to oiio of i-ori' it'tc or of othtr d'lial-U- malt-rial. 'h-ro luml-er iJ h'-ap. r vh ia' stoiio and Ki.ivrl can not. !, rradily (d'tainid, tho first cost of a. voolfii sijo may 1-y less tlian hat of a omhtcU- silo. Hut for a pfrni;iii-nt strU'tur it i- corn-rally iast to construct of tile, concrete, of meet Idock. or somo other durable mat'-rial. Jilo jiroji-rly huilt of those materials ate not likely to la: ilam a'c.l ly w inds. They must iirop erly roinforcod. howa-ver, or they will rack ami - rit ua lly tall down. IiiiproM'r llrinfortt'niont. In s'lMi" cases the cracking of the concrete silo is caused hy too small a 1'ioj.ortion of cement used in its construction. More often, however, tlu trouldo is due to improper rein forcement. Aside from the matter of reinforcing, most o the failures of I S. NEED FEAR HE TO EXPORTS Enough Wheat Alone to Permit Shipping One Million Bushels a Day Until July Corn and Meat Supply Big. WASHINGTON. Feb. 2 1. The de partment of agriculture has just is sued the following statement The la 1 4 wheat crop of the United States was estimated to be SS1.000,00 bushels. The estimated surplus car ried over from the I'jIZ crops was about 7f.,uin),t)0U bushels. There was, therefore, a total available supply of :ol7,Mnii.fd)0. As the normal annual jar capita consumption of wheat in the I'nited States is about 5.3 bushels, .".-, mo, fioo bushels should meet our normal domestic requirements for food; in addition, 000,000 oushels are required annually for seeding; . i n. .null bushels, therefore, should supply the normal domestic demand. This would leave a surplus of ;b"i7, oiMi.niMi bushels, ( if this surplus about 1' 1 O.Ooa. oi.ni bushels were exported by Jan. u. This left 147.0ti0.000 bu shels, or 4.0,00.(1,000 bushels more than our average annual export for the past lAe years, for export between Feb. t and tho appearance1 of the new crop, or for tarrying over into the next crop year. The amount is suilieient to permit tho export of nearly l.ono,. ona bushels a day until July 1. before which lime the new crop will begin to be available. This is about the average recent exportation. World's Oop Short. Tho large demand for our wheat aiuM-s fioni the fact that there was an estimated world's shortage' ef over 4oo. uoo. oiiO bushels outside of the Fnlte-d States; from the fact that the- liussian expectable surplus of : en.inMi.in.io bushels is neit available - neiully. and from the fact that the belligerent nathm are eager to sc. cine food supplies. If it were not for the things we should he discussing was and means of disposing, of our tle niendolls surplus eif food proeiucts. As has Ik , n slated, the new Ameli- t a n crop will begin to appear before July. The Argentine crop is now ( omiag on the- marke t. It is esti mated th.it noni that source there " ill be available1 1 o i, o oo . tun i bushels. A surplus of 7"i.ooot(MHi bushels or more from india will bo available i!i May and Jane. The imrcase in ilic fail soup wheat acreage of the Tinted States in It'll was 11.1 per cent, or over 4,eani,ot acre's; in the r.oithein hemisphere generally the acreage of winter wheat shows an in- tease of from three to per cent, as follow s ; I ' nmai k per t ent Italy r, per cent a it : l.i n.i lo per cent Ft.Ue d Kinutbcn . . . . 1 o pe r cent Fbite d State s 11 jer Ce'tlt i ubia pe r c ent '.: tbol u ; ; pe-r cent Cut suppose a shortage in wheat should dei-hp in the next three months what would b-- t he sit nation ? 'i'i 'i. is a uieat surplus in either food tops in th- Fnhed Sb.tcs. a nunil.cr f . : : i h can be used as substitutes. Wia ..: dees not e onstituto more than ! per cent .f the norm il elb-t, about Pi.- s i riv as poultry and gus. Meat atal .i.oiy l'!-nii;:ib e-o P.S t i 1 11 1 C 4S per cce.t; vegetable. !l pep ce-iit; fruits, n its. sugar, ps'i and othe r it ins. iho t.ui.ihiibg 1 : per cent. There tire a r r pile s and other rains ipa-at animals, dairy products. ; .'t.ui ami frci" at the opening e.f I 1 t k.i n for many years. tin ami Potato-. I'ompcte. Tea- tun-' important compeMng . toduits a;e H'tii and potatoes. This : sh.own bv the- fa- t that while- tho normal i onsbinjition 'i wheat is .".;' bushels, ui M.unt- it is only 4.7 bu-sli.-N, and in Michigan five'. In the wiie.it growing states where wheat ".s al uialant. su.vh as Minnesota, the- av etago is 7.2. whertas in the south, whet'- corn is much tbol. the average is to ir bushe Is. Necrmnlly about three per cent of the corn crop is consumed as food. Of our total e'rop. about Vuuiapieo weiUld be Used as b..d. the' remainder for either ptir ...m The remainder could be- used tor food and substitutes used for animals-. The potato production in the Fnit.-d States ave rages ;f. bushels per ...pif.n T!iis ear the avaihi'ale 'I-- ! t s 4.1 bushe ls. The average j.rio of ineut animals was scen j)er cent hi .ij.i r in January than a y i- ago, butter two per ce-nt Ivvct, lh pricp 1 SHORTAGE Right Will Not Crumble concrete silos ha e leoi caused hy j'ooj- and in-utlif ient foundation. The concrete silo should ho built with a solid wall six inches thick and reinforced with steel rods or woen wire fencing. The joint? in each cotirso of th wire fencing should overlap and the ends tied. It js sometimes Mated that the si lae next to the wall will spoil for a diMance of six m.Ies. If the silapo in not well packed .and if tlio inside walls are loft rnimh, it will Fpoil at the edros, but this may happen in any type of silo. If the inside walls are comparat i ely smooth and coated with raw coal tar thinned to the con sistency of paint, and the silo is prop erly tilled, the silage will keep in Rood condition for several years. The impossibility of moving is an other argument which has boon used against concrete silos, but a man who builds for permanence and has a live stock business definitely established ha", no occasion for movinp the silo. Some concrete and tile silos have been poorly constructed and improp erly filled, but these are not sufficient reasons for condemning these types of silos. The unqualified assertion that tile, concrete, cement block and brick silos are not durable is? not based on facts. Ietails for constructing wooden and concrete silos may be obtained by applying to the department of agri culture. Idaho, Montana, Oregon and Washington Bear Brunt of Losses Average Per Fire is $103. WASIIIXCTOX. I. C. Feb. 2 7. The -crop reporting board of the fed eral department of agriculture has just made public its estimate of tho 1914 farm crops of the Fnited .States. Fourteen crops, covering .100, 782,000 acres or 9 2 per cent of the nation's cultivated area, are included in the report and the combined farm value of all products is estimated at $ 4,9 -!,- oou.ooo. Although the 1914 production, of crops is lo per cent greater than 'the11 previous year, the aggregate farm lvalue is $20,o00,0 00 less. IBoth the wheat and tho cotton crops of the nation in 1914 were the largest on record. The cotton crop was nearly leS, 000,000 bales and the wheat production was approximated S91.000.000 bushels. While the 1914 cotton crop was approximately l.sOO. o00 bales more than the one" of 191 '1 the value was $.".06,000,000 less. Cot ton in 1913 averaged $22.20 per acre against ? 14.14 in 1914. The yield per j acre' in 1914 was 2o pounds more than in 191;'. but the- price per pound in 191 t was 0.5 cents and 12.2 cents in 191::. i NEED OF COOPERATION IN THE BATTLE FOR CLEAN, PURE MILK HY M. M. ( AHKiriv, M. I). Sanitation J-'xitort. So many dramatic disclosures have been made in regard to the relation between elirty milk and the excessive tbath rate among infants that farm ers are beginning to realize as never before, the ne'e-essity of cooperation with the municipal authorities in their Ii lit for pure mil U. Milk is certainly the most import ant article of feioel in the human dietary, and It is also the most ton- taminablo. It is. therefore, up te tho farmer to see that the mil!v from his dairy gets te city babies in as reason able a state ef cleanliness as possible. Not that this is an cnclusively haby problem, fer all sorts ot diseases a i a; carried through milk. Tuberculosis. is an exampe eif this class, ami a num ber of epidemics of diphtheria and scarlet fever have been traced to Urn milk supply, but when we pause to consider that ene-tifth of all the babies botn in the Fnited States die in their infancy from preventable dis ease, and that Oo per cent of these are tine to gastro-intestinal diseases, duo t improper feeding er impure milk, we naturally Vogin to look into tin ea use. I realize, of course', that mt every fanner can have his milking done scientifically, bat it is pessibie for him to produce sale milk for his own use. and that of the public bv very simple and inexpensive means. He may not have an elaborate dairy outfit, but his cattle can b kept clean and in perfect health with the assist ance of a vt terinary. It will be to iiis financial int'-rtst in the long run. Tar paper, whitewash and homemaele cv-me-nt will insure a sanitary stable at small cost. Then, there should be a covered milking pail in place of the old-fashioned wide-mouthed pail. Thi will keep nine-tenths ef the dirt out eluring milking time. All milk utensils may be kept t han by the- use f a brush and a solution .f soda followed by a Final linsing in scalding water. If ice is not possible for one farm r. is it rot feasible for several farmer.- to combine their interest ami secure a supply ef ice at some e-entral place at a re asonable cost. I hope the readers of this paper are not superior to germs. If yoi are-, s.-nd for some i-f the government literature n the subject of the e-ar of milk. A request to the bureau u agriculture will bring a numb'-r of bulletins to vour doer, much t your t nlightenme :-nt. A From h investigator It 's -,-ive n ! Julius- Caesar th creel it for being one- ef the earliest ami most earnest op ponents of race- suicide. if chickens slightly bwr. eif potatoes pe-r cch' be er: and of app'cs it was "7 per r. t lower. It would see in that the Fnittd tate; in md likely to be threatened with a sheutage of feu.dstuffs. WH EAT Hi COTTON CROPS SET MARKS FORESTS PROVE THEIR VALUE IS REVENUE SOURCE National Government During 1914 Received $2,437,710, 21 From 185,000,000 Acres of Timber Land. Selling muiio billion and a half board feet of timber and supervising the cutting em several thousand differ ent areas, overseeing the grazing of more than 1,500,000 cattle and 7,500, 000 sheep, and building more than 600 miles of road, 2,000 miles of trail, C.t'OO miles of telephone line, and 700 miles: of lire line are some of tho things which the government forest rervicc did last year, as disclosed in the report by the chief forester for 1I14. These activities were all tin the national forests, which at present total about is 3,0 0 0,0 00 acres. There is need, according to the chief forester, to increase the rut eif tim ber from the national forests whcreer a fair price can be obtained for tho tdu m page, because a great deal of it it: mature ' -.d ought to be taken out to make room for young growth. Un favorable coi ditions in the lumber trade causeil new sales of national forest timber tej fall off somewhat during the past year, though the oper ations on outstanding sales contracts brought the total cut above that of the previous year by 1:50,000,000 board feet. There was, however, n big increase in small timber sales, these numbering S,'JiS in I'jH, against ;.1.S- the previous year. Ie sirable blocks of national forest tim ber have been appraised and put on the market, and it is expected that these will lind purchasers when cl.ii tMtions in the lw oer industry im prove. All told, the government re ceived $ l,;;o4,0."i::.Gt; fiom the sale of timber on the forests in 1 1 1 4 . Tho receipts from all sources totaled F:7.710.21. SteK-kmcii Appreie Ilcgulalioiis. After tight years of experience stockmen are well satistied, says tho chief forester, with the way the graz ing of live stock on the forests is reg ulated, and have even urged upon ceuigress the application eif the samo method of control to the unreserved public range. Almest 2 0.00U permit tees graze stock em the national for ests, and these, paid tei the govern ment in the .tiseal year of 1114 fees amounting to over a million dollars. The; present tendency to raise fewer sheep and goats and more cattle and horses is shown in the fact that the number ef cattle and horse permit tees em the western forests increased last year by 1,570, while the number of sheep and goat permittees fell off by a total of -'IS. The western stock business, the forester points out, is becoming attached to the soil, and the itinerant sheep grower and the spec ulator in cattle are pl'-'ing place to the permanent resident and owner of improved ranch property. The batter is always given preference in the use of national forest range. Some $4 0e,000 v;i;; spent by the forest service during the year for permanent improvements on the na tional forests to make them accessible and to insure their protection frem iire. These improvements include L'70 miles ef new road, 2,15" miles of trail, :k0r:. miles of telephone line, 775 miles of lire line, and 10 'J lookout structures, besides bridges, corrals, fences and cabins. Tn aeldition, (142 miles of road were built for the pub lic by the use of 10 per cent of the national forest receipts, as authorized by congress-. Under another law, 2." per cent of the national forest receipts for tho year, amounting to Sd,3C'2.o'. were paid over- to the various states in which the forests lio for the benefit of county schools -and roads. Si nt h Iguid is Settleel. Since lfojO, when systematic elassi- ticathui ef national leue-st lanels was begun, more than lo.i.ioo.ouo af:rcs bae been eliminated. Scattered in terieir tracts which it i not practical to eliminate, are opened to settlement llinniRh listing, which allows them to be taken up under the forest home stead law. Anyone may apply to have land within a forest examined to determine whether it is best suited for agriculture, and if found so it is opened to settlement under this law. During the year 2.'':0 tracts, totaling 2S2.i:l acres, applied for by indi viduals were tepencd for entry. I5y elimination and listing the p( rcentago of unpatented agricultural land with in the national forests-, never largo, lias been reduced te a very small amount. OUNCE OF PREVENTION WORTH TON OF CURE DECLARES FIRE EXPERT liy S V. lngli-h. It is said that the several e.f Dair.ocb'S was suspended aiov the head of that tyrant with but a single thread. F.ve iy man. woman and child ouzht t think well of the bsson taught by this example. The tire ip-mon is tho s.vord of ele sin.ction that evt r hangs above the ha ads of the people. If you knew that by t:- me re snipping of a thread all that you had saw d wo'.iU be wiped out. wouldn't you vor bo on the alert t see- that the thread was net -nip peel ? More property is d 5 1 ro; e d by t'.re than by all .th r tie stloying elements combined. storms idii.' with th' seasons, and warniLi: of their . ..ming i i nerally u: m ''Vmds i-ach a elestructivo ve locity at but rare intervals and Hoods follow expected cours-s Fut tiro are catholic in their tlold. Thev visit the just and the unjust and e r w he. r- there is food for the fire elem.cn he- finds his htuals. F.c on the watch to.ver 'f your own home' all the time He- fattens on yo'.ir own f . Yo:i can prevent his puvmi: oa a isit if yci hat will. Argentina's average yearly exporta tion of wool is 105,000 tons. Here is One Man Makes Money Out of One Month Old Chicks In the Poultry liaising" depart ment of the current issue of Farm and Firosalo a contributor tells in part as follows how he raises and sells month-old chickens: "Last summer I decided to try a new phase f tire poultry business. It was the selling of chicks, not d iv -obl chicks, but one-month-old one.j. I knew there' wa.s money to be made and being made, selling day-old chicks at 10 or 15 ecnt. each. 'However, I knew there were many pce.ph' who would bo crlad to p?iy more to get pure-bred chicks that ware al ready p;ist the danger period. There ferc I determined to hatch some chicks, raise them to the age ef one month, and then sell them. With this in view 1 started a 140-egg incubator on the 15th of March, lilling it with 140 eggs. At the end of three weeks I took 110 nice, lively chicks from the incubator. I immediately tilled tho incubator again with eggs, and con tinued filling it every three weeks un til the 15th f June. "In all I put 550 egt:s into the in cubator and took .03 5 chicks out of it. T realized that I could not sell all my chicks locally to advantage, therefore I had a small advertisement inserted FOREST FIRE LOSS 111 1314 IS $677, 816 0 Production of 1914 is Greater Than Previous Year, But Farm Value Less. WASHINGTON'. D. C, Feb. 2 7. Fire in the national forests of the west in FJ14 caused a loss to the government of not quite ."40,000,000 board feet of merchantable timber, valued at $::07,"0;i, and of reproduc tion, or young growth of trees, valued at $102,408. according to statistics just compiled by the forest service. There were 6,605 lires, of which only 1,5 4 5 burned over an area of ten acres or more. About 77 per cent of all the tires eliel damage of les than J 100 each. In addition to the losses suffered by the government, timber etn state and private lands within the forests, totaled 228,008,000 board feet and valued at $175, .",02, was lost. The total area burned over was 690,2 10 acres, of which ol0,583 acres were state and private, lands. Notwithstanding that it was an ex ceptionally bad year for lires, on ac count of high temperatures, heavy winds and prolonged drought, the av erage loss per tire was $10H, us against $131 in 1011, when there were only about, half as many lires. K'igh-ty-livo per cent ef the total loss was caused by tires in Idaho, Montana, Oregon and Washington, w here more than half the timber in all the na tional forests stands. Iess than one tenth of one per cent of this timber was affected. Of the 0,605 tires re ported, .1,691. or 55.9 per cert, oc curred in these states, and of the 9 9 tires causing bisse- of more than $1,000 each, SI were in this region. Iaghtning was the chief cause, starting 2,032 fires; campers came next with 1,126, followed closely by railroad locomotives, with 1,1 10. In cendiaries lighted 470 and the rest, were attributed to brush brrnlng, sawmills, etc., or their origin was un known. GOOD ROADS NOTES. ii v iiomi:r i). wad i-:. Chairman (eltKxl Roatls C'oiiunittct , National Farmers' Union. No other citizen realizes the valuo of gejod reads as does the farmer. A community can safely ha judged by the kind of highways it maintains. The greatest chasm between the producer and tho consumer is the mud hole. Production must cease when the transportation costs eat up the profits. There is something radically wrong with the farmer who is opposed to good roads. Without so-od roads, there can be no development that will bfc per manent and enduring. Had roads keep children from school and impair the etficieny of church work in a community. The elementary principles involved in improved highways are social and domestic happiness and business economies. FARM FACTS. n v vnrim kai)Foki. IxvUirtr NatioiUii luarmoi-' I nioii. Cheap money will solve many of the farmers problems. There is not enough of the com munity spirit among our rural dis triets. .Success in farming depends largely upon preper marketing methods, cheap money and cooperation. Something is wrong in our market ing system when a small crop brings more money than a bountiful ne. Ceioperation between practical farmers and proficient business men will eliminate ignorance and preju dice. The hi-best duty of state and fed eral governments is to place agricul tural education within the reach ef all. The farmer cannot be helped until he organises; and the government can r est help the farmer through organ ization. liy cooperating with his neighbor the farmer can learn new methods of culture and the interchange of ideas will benefit him. The nation's menu must be made up from the fields, pastures, e.rchards and gardens, and to farm intelligently the farmer must know what is need ed. Wether records compiled for more than a quarter eif a century in dicate that the atmosphere f Iondon is be.omiig less foggy. I'hieago bads cities of the United States in concrete building eonstruc tion. with Seattle in .second phuo and I'vilaeb-lphia in third. Docume nts containing details of thr v esse is cargo and the ports for which she is bound are called the ship's "manifest." in a paper, offering pure-bred ono-month-old chicks at :;5 cents each. The adv. rtiseme-nt est me $r, f. r three insertions. I receive" every dav through this ad. m 4 nines "1 had some- neat letterheads and envelopes printed, and answered all inquiries tire same day they were re ceived. I also had a photographer take a pi.-turc e.f a 'bunch of my chicks, and enclosed ene in every let ter I sent out. 1 think that helped me sell my chicks more than anything else. I found that th-ro was a good demand for four-w ceks-old chicks, and at times hael more orders for them than I eouhl fill. "Tho inquiries ami an occasional order kept on coming for weeks afte r f had sold all I had. I never imag ined that there wamld be such a elc mand for Miem or I would have run several ine -abators inste-ad of one "I reoedvetl cents each for my chicks, while the total c.st eif raising them, including cost ef egus. feed, advertising, etc., was ; cents each. However, mine were only utility stock. Fanciers, or those having extra good stock, Mould have no trouble getting 50 cents-' each or more for them." OF CROPS DWINDLES Price Per Acre Increases But Fails to Keep Up With Some Necessities. WASHINGTON, D. L. Feb. 27. The federal department of agriculture has just issued a statement showing the purchasing power of an acre of farm crops in 191:1 compared with 1909. While the price per acre of several farm crops is shown to have increased to some extent within the past five years, the gain in price. has net kept pace with that of some of the necessities used by the farmer. The report shows that the purchas ing power of an acre ef wheat in 1909 was 9S pounds of lard while it was only 81 pounds in 191;). In 1909 an acre of wheat would buy 2 4." yards of calico while in 1913 the purchas ing power was only 17S yards. Forty nine hoes could be purchased with the proceeds of an acre ejf cotton An acre; e)f corn in l9't would buy 79 pounds ef coffee and only 09 pounds in 191 P.. Twenty-seven pairs of overalls could be bught with the receipts from one acre of cotton in 1909 while the purchasing power in 1913 dropped to 2 1 pairs. An acre of wheat in 1909 would buy two more In 1909 while five years later the buy ing strength has decreased three hoes, pairs of brogan shoes than in 191.1. SAYS PRICE OF BREAD WILL SOON GO DOWN CHICAGO, Feb. 27. Tho price of breael in Chicago and other western cities will soon return to five cents, according to U. Dist. Atty. Charles F. Clyne who today said his report on the wheat and llour investigation was nearly completed and would be for warded to Washington next week. "While I am not at liberty te -disclose the details of my report," said Mrs. Clyne today, "I am free to state that there is every indication of an early slum) in the price of bread. Wheat is going down and other feioels are gettng cheaper." It was hinted in Mr. dyne's oHice? that the report to b? forwarded to Atty. Gen. Gregory would contain sen cational facts and recommendations. It was said that the inquiry had dis closed that elevators here ami in t he neighborhood were fairly bursting wth grain and that the high price s of wheat, corn and oats were due in a large measure to speculation. EAT POTATOES ADVISES AGRICULTURE BUREAU WASHINGTON, wheat remains at Feb. 27. "If j its present high I licrure or rrmtlnnes to ris m laneo. : ... i and if there is a com'sp.jnding in crease in the- price' ed" breael, it will lo- ! more advantageous to eat more po- J tatoes and less breael." said a state-I ment issued by the department of ag- j rieultmc today. "With potatoes at 6f ce-nts a bu shel, 10 c ents worth, or " pounds, will liivo. the consumer a little mere actual nou ri.-hment than two one-- pound loaves of bread at five cents each." SOCIETY MISS JOLTS PROFESSOR ON THE JAW NKW Ykk. Feb. 27. Figurative ly speaking, Prof. Kddie Try cf Fan Franeise'o is wearing hi? chin in a slin today as the result of a boxing bout with Miss e'aroline Fauman. a young seicic-ty girl of Atlanta. Ga. The s . t s i e . ti , w . V . ' i U lr.. TiVlerlT;l 'VV.tl.TiVii i ti, I V 1 Ull 111 ' - " . ff t Vt n, t r. j . r-1 i-nir-'i 1 t-I -i i , 1 1 i t i t given next Monday night for the benefit of the unc-mpbiyed. It t'"k place at Ilrown's gym. Mi- I kit: mar., who is only ,1? :md very pretty, un llmbered a collection of wallops which made th" professionals open their eyes. Sire climaxed a series of stiff jabs with a straight arm punch to the chin which almos; jarred Pr f. Toy out of his shoes. The ov-ple wore livo ounce gloves and th- bout was witnesse-d by a number of so ciety people as well as many pro fessional boxers. Among the latfr were liattling Ixvinsky and Knock out Drown. KVAN.SVIKKK. A demand by rail road Ibcials that John Hornbark lcave the ladies' waiting re.om in the ' A: i:. I. railroad station, where- he sat with his wife, resulted in a gun light between Hornbaok and the po lice. One police ed!"e.--r was Wounde.i ami store windows for a di-tara-.. .f tw ) obicks w-ro shattered. Burma in ir!4 produced cotton mi 79,377 acres. PURCHASING POWER ft ALASKA DELTA Discovery of Channel in Kus kokwin River Hoped to Open Way For Commerce to Vir gin Territory. Ih Sidney F-X'. WASHINGTON. Feb. 27. With tl -A government committed to the con struction of a ?:,.."i.e0',00, railroad in Alaska a land w ho.-" w emderfal re sources are just h ginning to be ap preciated by the natieui which ac quire d it there' is unusual inte-rest i: the announcement trom thr depart ment of emmere'e of the discove ry of a channel into the Kuskokwim rive r which opens to commerce the second greate st stream in Alaska. Sec'y Hedtie-ld makes the oihcial an-nounce-mont th.it a pra thtl navignhla channel from the F.ering sea into tho mouth of the. Kuskokwim riv r h;n bc-n discovered by ('apt. I. likens. ,,f the' eoast and goedetio survey. Moi than 1 1,000 soundings were taken r. the chartering of this stream and th.? oifu'ial bulletin issued by the ebpari m'nt of commerc is a human inter est story of the work at i omplislie 1 and what it seems te tho cmtnerca of the extreme northwest .f the Fnited States. Mne Miles Wide. "The Kuskokwim is the s", end greatest river in Alaska." sa s the an nouncement of the eJepartmcnt -f commerce. "It is niim mib-s wide at its mouth and navigable fr r. oo mib -e inland. Tho great submerged ilats e.f the' delta of this riv er extend l '") mil-a out to sea. and it was through th. is uncharted delta that the surveving steamer "Yukon, " made tho diseove rv of the channel which means so much to the commcrco f that section ' Alaska. "The Kuskokwim is one' ef th thre -i great Alaskan rivers emptying int the l'ering sea which has been op. .p. ed to commerce as a res-alt 5 ho charting separations ef the coast and geodetic survey. The mouth of tin Yukon was surveyeel in IS'.'K and that river soon became' one of the greatest commercial artries of Alaska. "In F.eoi' and 19 lo Nushagak bav was charted and now the Kuskokwim by far the most circa ded and unknown of these rivers will no longer be a menace or a mystery to the navigator who has one of the new charts of it ; entrance. Start Surwy in bill. "The survey of tho lb-ring sea m the vicinity ecf the Kuskokwim was started in 1911 and continued the fol lowing summer ef 1912 and 191. but. it was nit until the past lie Id s-aou that a surveying vessel succeeded jn tracing and charting channels through the great area ef the submerged mud flats which make up the delta of tlm Kuskejkwim. "In making tho survey, e'apt. Iu kens reported he look 1 -1.26 sound ings covering an area ef 100 square miles. This in itself is ejuite- rvr achieve-ment, when considering in connection with tire customary bad weather in Alaska ami the fact th;t in souk instances it was neresary to locate soundings by observation of nmuntaiii peaks nmre than CO mib distant. The .whob -forking season was confined t) v:i days and in Julv alone 2f 1-2 eif these days were p.t on account e.f the weather be. in-; either bad c-r not sutlie-ie-ntly char t-i so- the- distT.nt surveying marks. FntoM Wealth Await-. '"When the rie'w e.:ist and troed.t'o !urv.y charts showing the- r.c'.'-lv dis covered channel is issued it will ' possible' for steamship companies to send vessels to the- Kuskokwim aid thus initiate the development of th". latent minimr, lishing ami a trrieult u im 1 resources of that region. The Kusko kwim vuib-y cove rs many thousands e.f square mib-s and no emo can pre dict, what this virgin territory may dfvf lni when it is t h uou g-hly pros- pfee-d. but it is p.ot unreasonable tr suppose that the r.ear future will f the Kuskokwim ri'.er of commer i! importance comparable' with thu.t Yukon." The anno'iiK e :u nt sa.vs that Kus- lands- great v a lue t Ik- sue - h'Velopment ed' which has await' 1 only a r eliable m-'.ir.s of tra r.sp,rta -tion such as the new channel no . promise's. That tho "ultimate , oe sumers" of the Fnited State-- m.'--some elay enjoy p indor meat shipp'-d from this s'-edi-.n is the virtual prom ise he-Id e.eit in tlo- following para graph of ? r'y Kedhehl's nnnotirce -me-nt regarding tho Kuskokwim-Gi-rat Ite-imle't-r Gretl!ld-. "("ontiguo'is to the Kuskok-im valley there ar.' many thousands square miles suitable for reim! KraziiiL'." 'apt. Iuk-n report.- th ' alrpndv.s the small initial govern.;.':. h rd lias grown until nev th.:- : : about ;,,'m. reind-er in thi- -. .a.i'-. i " sa-. vs that th. COs (I t lai: 1 deer is- ve-rv small. Tlrr- m m . a take care1 of l.no". The animals suh sist on the country the y-.er r.-ur;.. l' e ii iir th' wir.te r. when the ound is covered witii f-:iiw, no extra feed is required. Th" meat .f th- r iiab-.-r is comparable with that of out v. e sie : u b.ef. Fve-n v.-ith a small market af forded at present, the -ative herd owm-i s arc ' ..- i 'mi:. g prosp.-rous a ml n.cv that better t ra !.-j rt e: bm i promis'-d by ship- that will th-iit-w channel there- ve-ry r. .iun t believe tills country will furnish man thousands f youndi of this excel! i:'. meat for shitiment t. tli-- Fr.iti.! State s. "lake other large r.-a-rs in this p:t ef Alaska, the Kuskokwim h.is large salmon run.. "apt. Iuk states that now r-li'eb'o- t rar.sp-'rtu -tion is at hand, tb.e canning oorr.piri ie.s are arranging o e-xteml thir .p f rations int" thN re fi.on. t- :t that th extent of this industry cannot 1 -four.d until after a u-ir of actual C .U, e., r . . - . n . Slilihr. VYILLi: Ten hours aft. - bis arrest. v'iliiat:i 1 1 1 1 r 11. .! I p.ir old, "f I ! i. mbus, was -.-nl .'r.i cd t tin state prison for Mealih.i; a rt volv er. NTGLD DEN NNEW