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ID 1JU "THE WLK&S1KGS OF GOVERNMENT, LIKE THE DEWS OF HEAVEN. SHOULD BÄ SHOWERED ALIKE UPON THE RICH AND THE POOR ."-Jackso. A Family IVcwspnpcv: devoted to Polities. Literature, Science, Agriculture, Foreign ami Domestic IYcyvs. Plymouth, Marshall County, Indiana, Wednesday, Oct. 15, 1851. Number 39'. Volume 1. m E "dt V" ffiT - - $ r ,( V4 .1 . i - 'J ill -I . .i ! - i i , J U 'f i H ; i ; : t . ' J -: ? : ; 1 7 THE PLYMOUTH PILOT. Is published every Wednesday, by JOHN Q. HOWELL. At Plymouth, Marsshall County Indiana. ssl rast äs 9 if paid in advance, (or within two months after subscribing,) ------ I.."0. If paid within six months, - - - $2.00 Ifdebiyed after that time, - - - 0. XjThe above terms will be strictly adhered to putiticely. X'rTown subscribers, who have their paper left by the Carrier, will be charged Fifty cents in addition to the subscription price. O'No paper will be discontinued until all arrearages are paid, unless at the option of the publisher. Terms of Advertising. Advertisements will lc conspicuously inser ted in trie 'Plymouth Pilot,' at the following prices, viz: For 1 square (of 10 lines) 3 insertions SI, 00 Each additional insertion, 23c lO'Anythinirless than a square, will be con sidered a square. jj-Advertisers must be particular to mark the number of insertions on the face of the adver tisements, or they will be imMished until or dered out, and charted accordingly. ITA liberal discount will be ma(?e where ad - vertisine is done by the year. DXAll Communications from a distance should be addressed Post-1'aii to the Publisher The law of Xewspaprrs. 1. Subscribers who do not give express no tice to the contrary, are considered as wish inir to continue their subscription. 2. If subscribers order their papers discon tinued, Publishers may continue to send them till all charges are paid. 3. If subscribers neglect or refuse to take their papers from the off.ee or place to which they are sent, they are held responsible until they settle their bill and discontinue them. 4. If subscribers remove to other places without informing the Publisher, and the pa per is sent to the former direction, they are held responsible. 5 every description, executed lir-T is J at the office of the 'PLYMOUTH PILOT5 rssa with promptitude, and in the best nossible manner. 1500KS, CIKCVL.AKS, PAMPHLETS, I CA ItnS, HANDBILLS, A N 1) POSTERS, Printed on the most accommodating terms, .and in a style not to be surpassed by any other establishment in Northern Indiana. DEEDS, j SOl.MONs' I KXKCCTIONS, MORTGAGES, I SUBPOENAS, HUSK NOTES, and all kinds of JUSTICES' and CONSTA BLE'S BLANKS, are kept constantly on hand it this office, or printtd to order. THFi iTlLlTY OF LEAVES. Eveut person conversant with vegeta ble philosophy is avtare that the all-important requisite in the growth of line fruit is a go.j.l supply of big, vigorous, healthy leaves. A tree which is kept defoliated for a single season must die; and fruit growing upon branches which are deprived of their leaves cannot rip en examples of which are furnished by the instant cessation of growth and ri pening of fruit upon trees which b?4 come stripped by leaf-blight. In cue instance, a dense mass of plums remain ed half grown and flavorless for, several weeks, in consequence of the premature dropping of the foliage; a second crop of leaves, three weeks afterwards effected the completion of their growth ami their ripening to honeyed sweetness. i lie editor of the Michigan Farmer mentions the following interesting case, illustra ting the same principle: Mr. Moore, of JJetroit, has a magnificent grape-vine, .spreading itself over one side of his liouse, which was, in September, richly laden with fruit. After the clusters were formed, a cow entered the enclo sure, ate the leaves entirely, but left the fruit untouched. The consequence, was. lhat upon that portion of the vine w hich -was beyond the reach of the animal, there never were finer clusters, while upon the portion from which the leaves were, removed, the clusters dwindled avva),and have come to nothing, and that, too, up to the very line of separa tion between the mutilated and unmulil ated portions. Wc&tem Agriculturist. Gathering and Preparing Manu rtE, "Without manure, no farmer can farm to advantage; with manure, his land will yield fruitfully, improve in quality, and he grow rich. Now, what is the use of ex pending your horses' and hands' time, in trying to grow corn on land that only yields two and three barrels to the acre? There, is no use in it you wear out your ploughs and other implements, ex haust the powers of your team and plough men, and make no money. Whereas, had you token a couple of good hands, and a team or two. you might have collected inanure enough to fertilize that very land, so as to grow eight or ten barrels to the acre ; we have, in an experiment, grown more than twice the largest quantity, and so can you, if you try. The fact is, that land, by being fed and properly cultivated, can be madeto produce one hundred bushels to the acre; and no man KhnuM rest contented until his whole crop averages twelve barrels to the acre. Jlfpo'iitor and Whig. .Vi For the Pilot. TO CONSTANCE. Oh, ask me not to strike the lyre! Metl. inks its lain untuned too long; And it perchance 1 touch the strings, 'Tw;ll l e at best, a mournful song. Methinks it's lost ti e irlecful tone, That thrilled its chords in days of yore. And strains of childish mirthmlm ss, Can wake its joyous notes no more. For 1 1 avetrod a chequered path, Since last 7 tried its tuneful power: hceu many cl erished hopes decay, -ind wept o'er many i blighted flower! Fad change hath come o'er some fond hearts, Thai loved to list its magic lay: Ami M-trie who f my life were patt, Have jessed like summer dews awry. Then let it rest that silent harp Nor strive to wake a broken strain! Hut wait till some celestial hand. Hath kindly tuned its chords again. LOIS. Mnr.sl4.-:llt In.t Aug. 2S, 1851. FOKGVEXESS. Y M.tTI'RIN M. CAM.Or, Sweet attribute! the brilliant, stir-like gem, ORthining nil in Mercy's diadem; TIw calm, sweet voice that re-assurance gives, When the wronged spirit, Chri.tian-like, lor- gives. Fairest, tenderest sister twin of love, The only jwmer old urate souls to move; More potent 'ar tl.au force ot arms to quell The heart of man, so ready to rebel. Hut brightest shines this diamond of the soul From womau's eyes, beneath whose soft con trol Our cnar?er spirits', ltd by sterner will, Though often erring, are linviven still. Rest we on this, our hope of future bliss, For another world, as 'lis our star in this; When by His grace each mortal sin forgiven, W e Jind, utlust, a peaceful rest in heaven. From Arthur's Home Gazette. FACTS FOR THE CURIOUS. BOTANICAL CUIMOSITIES. Monrnoi.oGV. The word Morphology signilies literally the ".science of clian jics," and as applied to botany, embraces u very interesting subject of inquiry. H ithin the last forty years, it has been clearly made out that all thr'; " 'parts of a plant known as leaves, flor ind fruits. are constructed, in all car' upon one simple lart; organ in diflereiiV,J"' ami tombii'alidfil ' , atsoever, 'sne single oUißcation "'i'the leaf. JJ plants JaJ; fruits; 'IjÜüfeB that jiiliC under We are soaccustc. bearing lear6aT.'- and it is so-evi' HtJxtremely riif" s'uch names,?i .....1 possible that parts so unllkfc';. I fc?F'l only leaves in different states;UhStfthö Isnowy petals of the lilly, the rich Crimson flowers of the rose, theTragrant blossoms of the jas mine and the orange, and the long trum pet shaped flower of the honey-suckle , sllouM h1j be eaVt.s; lhat the stamens s in which the fertilizing powder, or pollen is locked up, the pistils which are destin ed to receive the influence of the pollen, th. ovula or ununpregnated seeds con tained in the pistils, and finally, that the fruit which results from the action of the pollen upon the ovula, are all so ma ny parts formed of one common organ, which in a particular and very frequent state is what we call a leal. That such is the case, has been completely establish ed, and is acknowledged by all botanists. They do not mean to say however, that he who eats a peach for instance, is in a state of mental delusion, and that while he fancies himself to be enjoying the most delicious flavors, he is only chew ing peach-leaves; but they assert that those appendages called leaves have a pe culiar anatomical structure, and a certain relation tche stem on which thev are borne; and that all the other organs we have mentioned possess an anatomical structure essentially the same, bear the same relation to the stem on which they grow, are dcvelloped according to the same laws, are arranged upon the same certain and uniform plan with each oth er, and finally, are constantly being chan ged into leaves of the usual appearance. thus losing the condition in which they are commonly found. Unless this be true, who is to explain how it happens that buds sometimes spring from the steins of llower-leaves, that branches push forth from the centre of pistils, that pet als bear anthers, and stamens change in to petals, thus proving that all these parts are formed upon a common plan, the type of which is a leaf, and are. all, therefore, converted into each other? Vkuktarlc Physiology. It has been well said by some one, that the results of organic action are beautifully and read ily exhibited by the examination of u single tree. The mathematical rules of combination seem to be set at naught by the endless variety in which the few ele mentary principle of vegetation are made to appear. Who shall enumerate the various dyes, odors and flavors, as count less as dissimilar. Study even a peach, leave out of view the structure of its stem and leaves, with tht duty they per form, and look not at the beauty of its blossom. Take the immature fruit, un savory to the taste, and clad in the com mon green livery of vegetation it is fed by the same sap which might have been converted merely to leaves or wood, yet by the action of its own system of ves sels, with no unusual supply of sunshine and air, it paints its own cheeks with the richest and daily-varying tints it converts its gurn to sugar. The crude juices it receives are partly converted into a pulp, and to fluid of a far different char acter, wholesome, fragrant, and delicious to the tuste. Within this pulp a bony nut, harder than wood, itself, encloses a kernel in w hich the blandest of fixed oils is mingled with the most deadly poison known; and all these phenomena are the resulls of organic action. Yes, and it will be demonstrated that some substan ces now called simple, even metals, are but the products of this same action on materials equally as simple. Japanese Gardeners. The gardeners of Japan display the most astonishing art. The plum-tree, which is a great favorite, is so trained and cultivated that the blos soms are as large as those of dahlias. Their great triumph, however, is to bring both plants and trees into the compass of the little garden attached to the hous es in the cities. With this view, thev have gradually succeeded in dwarfing the fig, plum and cherry trees, and the vine to a stature so diminutive as scarcely to be credited by an European; and yet these dwarf trees are covered with blossoms and leaves. Some of the gardens resem ble pictures in which nature is skillfully modeled in miniature but it is living nature! Meylon, whose work on Japan was published at Amsterdam in 1S30. states that in 1S'2G the Dutch agent of commerce at Nagasaki was offered "a snuff-box, one inch in thickness and three indies high, in which grew a fig tree, a bamboo uud a plum-tree in bloom." Remarkable Ahile Tkee. In the an nals of the Linaiun Society of Paris a re markable apple tree in described as grow ing at St. Vallery in Normandy. This tree, for a period of thirty or forty years. constantly produced flowers of one sex, and was as a matter of course, unfruitful. At the period of flowering, it was cus tomary for every young w omau of St, Val lery to go and make her applCtv fixing a nosegay of the blossoms of any common apple tree, on a tuft of those of the one described; this was attached by a piece of ribbon in such a manner that in au tumn every one knew the fruit that her nosegay had been the cause of producing. It was remaked that these fruits differed among themselves in flavor, color and size, and that they bore some relation to those of the different trees, whose blos soms had been used in their fructification, Grafts from this tree remained always barren, notwithstanding attempts to fructify the blossoms artificially. Curious Pfar Tree. A very curious pear tree is to be been in a garden with in a block or two of the entrance to the Greenwood Cemetery, near New York. Every alternate year one of the two sides blossoms and bears fruit. This year, for instance, one side will bear au abun dant crop of sweet fruit, the other noth ing. The side that does not bear this year, will blossom and yield a good crop of sour fruit next year, and so on alter nately. This has been the case ever since the tree first yielded fruit. Alto gether it is a great curiosity. Wise Provision or Nature. The seeds of the, common broom grow in lit tle pods, and when fully ripe, and ready for dispersion, are scattered by a beautiful contrivance, through which the edges of the pod contract, they burst open, and, forcing the internal surface outward, throw the seeds at a considerable dis tance from the parent plant. But for this provision they would be choked un der the old plant for want of air and light. The Talipot Tree. The talipot is a species of the palm tree, which is straight and grows to a prodigious height. Its broad leaves, when dried, are strong and very elastic. They can be expanded or shut up like a lady's fan. When open, they are large, enough to cover from the sun or rain ten or fifteen men, and when closed they are not thicker than a man's arm. They are very light and portable, and make, excellent tents. It was among the loveliest customs of the ancients to bury the young at morn ing twilight; for as they strove to give the soften I interpretation to death, so they imagined that Aurora, who loved tl;v young had stolen them to her embrace. SHOOTING THE DEVIL. The Florence correspondent of the J:ondon T?mes, writing under , date of July 16th, relates a singular occurrence, taken from the Gazetta del Tribunali of that place, which we condense as fol lows: A reckless, dissipated young man of rank, at Florence, having fallen sick, and finding himself dying, was much importuned by friars to receive the offi ces of religion, but steadily refused to the last; whereupon the friars threatened that the Deil should claim his body as soon as he was dead. To prevent this, the dying man called a Corsican friginl to his bedside, and exacted a promise that he would watch by his side until his body was safely deposited ,in the tomb. The man died, and the Corsican kept watch accordingly by the side of the corpse in the convent chapel, where bod ies are exposed twentyfour hours before burial. At midnight, as the clock struck twelve, a figure entered, disguised after the usual description of the Devil, with tremendous horns, a long tail, a chain girt around his body, and draped in red and hlack, as his Satanic Majesty should be. The Corsican had a bold heart, and he asked the Devil what he wanted. The devil replied by an awful groan, the rattling of chains, and the outspreading of his claws to seize his prey. The Cor sican, still undaunted, declared that he would not allow the body to be touched, and he warned the Devil that if he did not leave the place, he would send him back to his infernal regions faster than he came from them. To this speech the Devil replied by a scornful laugh, such as Zamiel in Der Freischutz used, and with another rattle of the chains advan ced to the coffin-side, on which the faith ful friend produced a loaded pistol, and, taking sure aim, shot the Devil through the heart, and dopped him at his feet, dead, as they say at Amsterdam, as a herring, or at Birmingham, as a door nail. The report of the pistol alarmed the police, and a number of those guardians of night having appeared, they saw to their astonishment the corpse lying in its proper place, the Corsican sitting tranquilly by its side, and a bleeding mass covered with red and black, a tre mendous pair of horns, and the well known tail. An explanation was soon given, and when the Devil was strip ped of his finery, he turned out to be the bell -man of the convent, employed no doubt by the friars whose religious assist ance was refused, for the purpose of giv ing a striking proof of the danger of dying without the consolations of the Church, and of the fate tc which all im penitent sinners are exposed. The Cor sican was tried and acquitted, a5 he showed that in the Tuscan code there is no penalty attached to shooting the Dev il, and as he persisted in saying that when he fired he believed he had to (leal with his Satanic Majesty, and no mor tal representative. The friars of con vent declare that the whole story is a fabrication, and the minister of instruc tion anounccs that he will prosecute the Gazetta del Tribunali for having in serted it. A BILÜ0N. Few people have any conception of the stupendous sum which is designated by this term. Some writer havingstated, in an article headed "What becomes of all the pins?" "that millions of billions of pins must vanish, nobody can tell how or where, in the course of a year," Euclid, a correspondent of the National Intelligencer, shows up the absurdity of the assertion in the following style: "I think, sirs, the author of that article thought little of what he was saying, when he said that millions of billions must vanish in the course of a year. Many pins, undoubtedly, vanish every year but any mathematician will demon strate to us that a single bilion, has nev er yet been manufactured. A billion, according to Noah Webster, is a 'million of millions' a number so vast, 1 say, that the human mind has not the capaci to comprehend it. A manufactory mak ing one hundred pins per minute, and kept in constant operation, would only make fifty-two millions five hundred and ninety-six thousand per annum, and would require near twenty thousand years, at the same ratio, without a single moment's cessation, to make that number called a billion." Austrian Impudence. The Austrian authorities at Venice, have opened a pack age, containing a printed circular and a pamphlet on the Austro-llungarian ques tion, with reference to the case of Mr. Dudley Mann, addressed to the United States consul there, bearing the seal of the Department of State. In reply to the protest from Mr. Flage;, our repre sentative, they state that the council of revision claimed the right to inspect all publications entering tlie Venetian ter ritories. The consul declared that the. occurrence of a similar act will demand of him a similar protest. Here the mat ter remains for the present. Lou. Jour. VANDILLE THE MISER. Vandille is one of the most remarka ble characters as a miser, that is to be found among the eccentric biographers of France. His riches were immense, and his avarice and parsimony extreme. He I hired a miserable garret in one of the most obscure parts of Paris, and paid a poor woman a sous a-day to wait upon him. Except once a week, his diet was never changed; bread and milk for break fast; the same for dinner, and the same for supper, all the week round. On a Sunday, he ventured to indulge in a glass of sour wine, and he strove to satisfy the compunctions of conscience, by bestow ing in charity, a farthing every Sabbath. This munificence, which incured an ex penditure of one shilling and a penny per annum, he carefully noted down; and just before his death he found, with some degree of regret, that during his life he had disbursed no less that forty-three shillings and fourpencc. Forty-three shillings and fourpence! prodigious gen erosity for the richest man in France! Vandille had been a magistrate at Bou logne, and whilst in that office, he partly maintained himself, free of cost, by con stituting himself milk-taster general at the market. He would munch his scrap of bread, and wash it down with these gratuitous draughts. By such parsimo nious artifices, and a most penurious course of life, he succeeded in amassing an enormous fortune and was in posi tion to lend vast sums of money to the French Government. Wrhen he had oc casion to journey from Boulogne to Paris, he avoided the expenses of coach fare, by proceeding on fool; and lest he should be robbed, he never carried more than three-pence in his pocket, although he had a distance of a hundred miles before him. If he found this sum insufficient, he would profess poverty, and beg from the passengers on the road, a trifle to help him on. In the year 1735, Vandil le, the miser, was worth nearly eight hundred thousand pounds! He used to boast that this vast accumulation sprang from a single shilling. The winter of the year 173-1 had been very cold and bit ter, and the miser felt inclined to pur chase a little extra fuel in the summer time, to provide, to some extent, against the like severity in the ensuing winter. He heard a man pass the street with wood to sell; he haggled for an unconscionable time about the price, and at last com pleted the bargain, at the lowest possi ble rate. Avarice had made the miser dishonestj and he stole from the poor woodman several logs. In his eagerness to carry them away, and hide his ill got ten store, he over-heated his blood, and produced a fever. For the first time in his life, he sent for a surgeon. "I wish to be bled," said he, "what is your charge?" "Haifa livre," was the reply. The demand was deemed extortionate, and the surgeon was dismissed. He then sent for an apothecary, hut he was also considered too high; and he at last sent for a poor barber who agreed to open the vein for threepence a lime. But, friend,' said the cautious miser, 'how often will it be requisite to bleed me?' 'Three times,' replied the barber. Three timfes? and pray what quantity of blood do you intend to take from meat each operation?' About eight ounces each time,' was the answer. 'Let me see,' said the possessor of three quarters of a million, 'that will be ninepence: too much too much! I have determined to go a cheaper way to work; take the whole twenty-four ounces at once, and that will save me sixpence.' The barber remonstrated, but the miser was firm; he Was certain, he said, that the barber was only desirous to extort an extra sixpence, and he would not submit to such scanda lous imposition. His vein was opened, and four and twenty ounces of blood were taken from him. In a few days, Vandville the miser was no more. The savings of his life, the wages of his vice and avarice, he left to the King of France. Distance of the Sun. Imagine a railway from here to the sun. How many hours is the sun from us? Why, if we were to send a baby in an express train, going at a hundred miles an hour with out making any stoppages, the baby would grow to be a boy, the boy would grow tobe amm, the man would gröw old and die, without seeing the sun, for it is a distance more than a hundred years from us. But what is this compar ed to Neptune's distance? Had Adam and Eve started, by our railway, at the creation, to go from Neptune to the sun, at the rate of fifty miles an hour, they would not have got there yet, for Nep tune is more than six thousand years from the centre of our system. Household Words. In the 23,000,000 of United Slates population are more persons who habit ually read and write than can be found in 150.000,000 in Europe, in one area, marked off iu any shape you please. The Bloomer Costume has made its appearand iu Belfast, Ireland. The Rev. "Walter Colton, in his enter taining book entitled 'Deck and Tort,' re lates the following occurrence as having taken place on board the United States ship Vincennds; the Governor of Santa Cruz being a passenger: We had been in a gale for two day?', which at last broke suddenly, leaving a high sea. The Governor sent sent au in vitation to the wardroom officers to come to the cabin and take a glass of whisky punch with him. Total abstinence not being at that time the order of the day, we all went c'p. The Governor said he had one bottle, of old Irish whisky, which would make a capital punch. Tumblers were ordered, the hot water, whisky and sugar, in due proportions, mixed and stirred. Now, said the Gov ernor, please take your glasses, and I will propose a sentiment. Each lifted his glass, when a tremendous sea struck the vessel under her counter, and pitched! us all in a mass together on the floor; glasses, whisky punch and sentiment all come down in one crash. The first thing I heard was the inquiry of the Governor. 'Captain Shubrick, arc we still fifloat? WiiiE-'WoRMs. On taking possession: of a piece of ground five year ago, bit, garden now in this city, but then out upon the prairie we found it infes ted with wire-worms". They were pres ent by thousands in every paf t of the soil; and the qdestion was, now to get rid of them. Two years after; we pro cured some refuse salt and sowed at the rate of three and a half bushels per acre; in the fall of the year. On working the ground the following summer, the wire-worms had taken themselves awfir, save a few stragglers, which have beeil gradually leaving eter since, till now there is scarce a solitary resident left. This Would Seem to say, salt them. Prairie Farmer. California Wheat. "We have re ceived, by the favor of Elliott's Express, a remarkable specimen of wheat, growri on the rancho of MrS. Farniiam, of Santa Cruz, about fifty miles from $an Francisco. The ears are very long, full and heavy, weighing at the rate of about four to the ounce and the crop of twen ty five across expected to yield bne hun dred bushels to the acre. The sahiple we have seen wears the golden. livery of the country, but is a far more favorable omen or California's prosperity than any thing which she ever produced befdre; X. i'. Post. The editor of the Cincinnati NonpV reil recently witnessed Mr. McCormick's experiment of walking on an inverted plane. A polished slab of marble was erected, and McCormick, after adjusting his boots, swung himself off, head down wards. Disconnecting one foot from the slab, and placing it firmly several inches in advance of the other continued the al ternate movement till he had taken ten, steps and arrived at the other end of the slab. He appeared to walk as safely as ä fly running along the ceiling. The ex citement and exertion, however, consid" erably exhausted him. TV. A. Ledger, The "Pittsburgh American thinks the iron trade more hopeless than it hajheeii for 30 years, and says that about bna half the mills in their city are idle, anrl the most of those at all in fire, confine themselves to making sorts .for the large stocks which burden their warehouses. At Marseilles, (France,) a young than accompanied by a female, hired a boat and rowed outside the port. The sound of a pistol was heard, followed by a splash. The young man had blown Out his brains, and the girl had drowned her self. The cause bf this act remains a mystery. A young man wishing to drown his dog, pushed him several times into" the river, and the last time felt in himself. The dog seeing his master struggling iu the stream, held him above water till as sistance arrived. The Austrian police have received or ders to arrest every person who does not move his hat to the cmpetor; and orders have been issued to the hatmakers not to sell revolutionary hat.. When Summerfield was on his death bed, he exclaimed, 'O, if I might se rais ed again, how could I preach! could preach as I have never preached before; I have had a look into eternity.' Consumption is more fatal than any other disease iu London. It destroyed 1S15 in the second three months of the present year, Lopez and his command slew 2000 Spaniards before they were dispersed. It is Said that w hen a Russian husband neglects to beat his wife for a month or two, she begins to be alarmed at his indifference.