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lis!!" HewJerseyGovernor Wins Big Victory. DEFEATS CHAMP CLARK Nominated on Forty-sixth lot After Deadlock PLATFORM IS PROGRESSIVE, Indiana Governor Placed Second on the Ticket. DEMOCRATIC TICKET. For President, WOODROW WILSON. For Vice President, THOMAS R. MARSHALL. RESULTS OF THE BALLOTS. O cj 5 Ballot, Wilson's nomination made unanimous. There -were 1,088 delegates present, mak ing 726 the necessary two-thirds for choice. Baltimore, July 3.—Politically speak ing, Governor Woodrow Wilson of New Jersey put one over. And be carried Governor Marshall of Indiana with him. This is how he did it: First it was getting too hot as president of Prince ton in many ways. Every alumnus knows that. Politics opened her arms to him- Mr. Wilson was not a prac tical politician, but he plunged. New Jersey elected bim governor by a big plurality. He was a winning cam paigner. Those wise to "inside poli tics" said be was being trained for the Democratic presidential nomination. He was. But trouble arose with hia backers. Governor Wilson went right ahead. Be made his primary fight, and the most remarkable Democratic con tention on record ratified him. He put one over on the conservatives, on the old guard. Wilson raised the progressive stand ard when he ran for governor in New Jersey, and he won. He did the iden tical same thing for the higher nom ination, and be won. He had Bryan's help. Tammany was against him. Bat the defeat of Champ Clark, speaker of the house, was not attained without a deadlock struggle, which car ried the sessions of the convention into the second week. It required forty-six ballots to nominate. This beat the rec ord for a continuous session. The near est to it was the convention of 1868, iwhich nominated Seymour on the twen ty-second ballot. The convention of 186ft took fifty-seven ballots at Charles ton without a choice, and the conven tion nominated Douglas later at Balti more. The present convention makes the fifth of Are great Democratic conven- tion. Perhaps !no convention the party has ever tuald twas more reviled and con dfrmDed or I more ridiculed for the lame- nf -1 W-i p."&&•>: S a I 3 S I 3 3 3 & 1 440V4 324 148 U7% E 2t~ 2 446% 3394 141 111% 31 17 2 441 345 140% 114*4 31 16 4 443 349% 136% 112 31 16 5 443 351 14114 119ft 31 2 6 445 354 i35 121 31 2 7 449% 352ft 129ft 123ft 31 2 S 448ft 351ft 130 123 31 4 9 452 352ft 127 122ft 31 I 10........ 554 354ft 29 118ft 30 2 1 1 554 354ft 29 llSft 30 2 1 2 549 354 23 123 30 2 1 3 554 356ft 29 115ft 30 3 14......... 653 361 29 111 30 4 1 5 552 362ft 29 110ft 30 4 1 6 551 362ft 29 112ft 30 3 1 7 645 362ft 29 112ft 30 5ft IS E3S 361 29 125ft 30 4ft 1 9 632 358 29 130 30 9 2 0 612 388ft 29 121ft 30 7 2 1 506 395ft 29 llSft 30 10 2 2 600ft 396ft 115 30 46 2 3 497ft 399 114ft 30 47 2 4 496 02ft 115ft 30 45 26 469 406 29 108 30 47 2 6 463ft 407ft 29 112 30 44 2 7 469 406ft *9 112 30 39 a..—.. 468ft 437ft 29 112ft 40 29 468ft 436 29 112 42 5 0 455 460 19 121ft 32 5 1 446ft 475ft 17 116ft 32 13........ 446ft 477ft 14 118ft 30 3 3 447ft 477ft 29 103ft 30 3 4 447ft 479ft 29 101ft 30 3 5 433ft 494ft 29 101ft 29 3 6 434ft 496ft 29 98ft 29 3 7 432ft 496ft 29 100ft 29 3 8 425 498ft 29 106 29 3 9 422 501ft 29 106 29 4 0 423 501ft 27 106 30 4 1 «4 499ft 27 106 30 4 2 430 494ft 27 104 31ft 4 3 329 602 28 98ft 29 4 4 306 629 27 99 27 4 5 303 633 25 98 27 4 6 84 990 12 j#A« 'Mb m:-m WILSON IS NAMED TO FIGHT, AIDED BY MARSHALL jnf-'V "'Sk* 1912, by American Press Association. ness of its conclusion than the first in the series of five which, apparently abandoning all the traditions of the party, put Horace Greeley at the head of the ticket In 1872. But the sequel showed that it was working for the party's revivification. In spite of its sensational sequel, the Tilden convention in 1876 was of less moment as a history maker for the party. His candidacy merely re-en forced the army which that of Greele.v had called into the field. The inde pendent element Greeley had started had grown large enough to assert it self. The famous editor's candidacy had made politics more than a war memory. It had buried the "bloody shirt." It had lifted the electorate out of the dead past into the living pres ent It had brought them again into something like touch with the newer issues of the hour, and Tilden came to show them what they were. Just as the Tilden convention gave the lie to the tradition that failure of the support of his own state is fatal to the hopes of a candidate, so Cleveland gained the nomination in 1884 against the opposition of his home delegation. The ground swell for him over the rest of the country made the antagonism of the New York machine of little mo ment in the sequel. The independent element that Greeley's nomination had detached from the Republican party had grown into an overwhelming army. In marked contrast with the conven tion which put Cleveland afield for the first time was that which, in the same city—In the same building indeed placed the party's standard in the hands of William J. Bryan in 1896. This later gathering was a mad riot of noise and spectacle. The culmlna tion came by what had' the aspect of prearrangement, when, from all sides of the hall shouts of "Bryan, Bryan!" began to fill the air. To the conserva tives In the throng it Was a note of alarm. But the "cross of gold and the crown of thorns" won. BALTIMORE GREAT CITY FOR THE DEMOCRATS. The following previous conven tions were held at Baltimore: First convention, 1832 nominee, Andrew Jackson. Convention of 1835 nominee, Mar tin Van Buren. Convention of 1840 nominee, Mar tin-Van Buren. Convention of 1844 nominee, James K. Polk. Convention of 1848 nominee, Lew Is Cass. Convention of 1852 nominee, Franklin Pierce. Convention of 1860 nominee, Ste phen A. Douglas also bolting con vention ten days later nominee, John C. Breckinridge. Convention of 1872 nominee, Hor ace Greeley. Henry Clay and Winfield Scott. TOiigs, and Abraham Lincoln, Re publican (second time), were also nominated at Baltimore. FOR PRESIDENT. WOODROW WILSON. Woodrow Wilson was born in Staunton, Va., in 1S56 practiced law at Atlanta professor in Bryn Mawr, Wesleyan and Princeton colleges president Princeton, 190 10 governor of New Jersey since 1911. JUDGE WESCOTT'S SPEECH. New Jersey Man Nominated Wilson, Pointing Out His Fine Qualities. Baltimore, July 3— In nominating Woodrow Wilson for the presidency Judge John F. Wescott of Camden, N. J., said: New Jersey, once bound, but, by the inoral energy and intellectual greatness of a single soul, now free, comes to this grea,t convention, in the glory of her emancipation, to participate in your de liberations, aid in formulating your judg ments and assist in executing your de crees. The New Jersey delegation is not empowered to exercise the attributes of proprietorship, but is. commissioned to represent the great cause of Democracy and to offer you as its militant and tri umphant leader a scholar, not a charla tan a statesman,-not a doctrinaire a pro found lawyer, not a splitter of legal hairs a political economist, not an egotistical theorist a practical politician, who con structs, modifies, restrains without dis turbance and destruction a resistless de bater and consummate master of state ment, not a mere phrasemaker a humani tarian, not a defamer of characters and Uves a man whose mind is at once cos mopolitan and composite of America a gentleman of "unpretentious habits, with the fear of God in his heart and the love of mankind exhibited in every act of his life above all, a public servant who has been tried .to the uttermost and never found wanting—peerless, matchless, un conquerable Woodrow Wilson. Dreama Crashing In Ruin*. New Jersey has reasons for her course. Let us not be deceived in our premises. Campaigns of vilification, corruption and false pretense have lost their usefulness. The evolution of national energy is toward a more intelligent morality in politics and in all other relations. The line of cleavage is between those who treat politics as a game and those who regard it as the seri ous business of government. The realign ment of political parties will *be on thle principle. The situation admits of no com promise. The temper and purpose of the American public will tolerate no other view. The Indifference of the American THE LEON REPORTER, THURSDAY, JULY 11, 1912. DEMOCRATIC RECORDS ON BALLOTING BROKEN. Never before were so many bat lots required to nominate in a Dem ocratic presidential convention. Sey mour, nominated on the twenty second ballot in 1868, held the rec ord up to now. Here is the record, showing in each case the year and the winning ballot 1844— Polk on ninth. 1848—Case on fourth. 1852—Pierce on ninth. 1856— Buchanan on seventeenth. 1860—Douglas on second. 1864—McClellan on firet. 1868—Seymour on twenty-sec ond. 1872—Greeley on first. 1876—Tilden on second. 1880—Hancock by acclamation after second. 1884—Cleveland on second. 1888—Cleveland by acclamation. 1892—Cleveland on first. 1896—Bryan on fifth. 1900—Bryan by acclamation. 1904—Parker after first by changes. 1908—Bryan on first. CONVENTION FACTS IN A NUTSHELL TUESDAY. Former Judge Alton B. Parker of New Ytrk fleeted temporary chiUr man over William Jennings Bryan by voto of 579 to f0G. Mr. Bryan first named United States Senator John \V. Kern of Indiana to oppose Judge l'arker, but Senator Kern declined. WEDNESDAY. Convention marked time tiJl even ing, while credentials committee and resolutions committee struggled with the contests from eight states and with the platform respectively. At night the convention decided to modify the unit rule by a vote of 5G5% to 491 1-3, being a Wilson vio tory. Credentials committee voted 41 to 11 to recommend that platform be adopted after the nominees were named. THURSDAY. Permanent organization effected, with Senator Elect Ollie James of Kentucky as chairman. Wilson won victory over seating South Da kota delegates by vote of G3'J% to 43". Nominating speeches ran past midnight, and balloting began early Friday morning on Clark, Wilson, Harmon, Underwood, Baldwin and Marshall. FRIDAY. First ballot, G.30 a. m.: Clark, 410%: Wilson, 324 Harmon, 148 Un derwood, 117% Marshall, 31 Bald win, 22 Sulzer, 2 Bryan. 1. Neces sary to choice, 726. Balloting re sumed 4 p. m. and continued till early Saturday without result. SATURDAY. Most remarkable day of the con vention. Bryan attacked Champ Clark and threw his strength to Woodrow Wilson. Continuous bal loting until 11 o'clock at night, when the convention adjourned to meet at 11 o'clock Monday morn ing. July 1. On the twenty-sixth ballot, the one taken just before adjournment, the vote stood: Clark, 463% Wilson, 407% Underwood. 112% Foss, 43 Marshall, 30 Har mon, 29, and Bryan, 1. MONDAY. Fruitless ballots taken afternoon and evening without choice, but Wilson gaining. TUESDAY. Wilson nominated on forty-sixth ballot by this vote: Wilson, 990 Clark, 84 Harmon, 12 absent, 2 total, 1.0S8 necessary to choice, 726. The nomination was made unani mous. Marshall named on third ballot. people to politics has disappeared. Any platform and any candidate not conform ing to this vast social and commercial be hest will go down to ignominious defeat at the polls. Platforms are too often mere historic rubbish heaps of broken promises. Candidates are too frequently the unfortunate creatures of arrange ments and calculations. Exigencies, con ditions, national needs and necessities make better platforms and produce great er leaders than does the exercise of pro prietorship. A disregard of this first pre mise will bring our dreams crashing in ruins next November. The Ideal Candidate. Similar necessities, motives and causes impel all men alike. The same necessi ties, motives and causes which draw, as by omnipotence, substantially all New Jersey about this great and good man are identically the same necessities, motives and causes that are in resistless motion in every state in the Union. Its solidarity cannot be disintegrated. False argument falls broken against it. A revolution of intelligent and patriotic millions is the expression of these necessities, motives and causes. Therefore New Jersey argues that Woodrow Wilson is the only candi date who can not only make Democratic success a certainty, but secure the elector al vote of almost every state in the Un ion. New Jersey will indorse his nomina tion by a majority of 100,000 of her liber ated citizens. We are not building for a day or even a generation, but for all time. Providence has given us In Woodrow Wil son the mental and moral equipment to accomplish this reincarnation of Democ racy. THE PLATFORM. Principal Democratic Plank Is the Tariff—Generally Progressive. Baltimore, July 3.— The platforrh adopted by the Democratic national convention was as follows: We declare it to be a fundamental prin ciple of the Democratic party that j|he federal government under the constitu tion has no right or power to Impose or collect tariff duties, except for the pur pose of revenue, and we demand that the collection of such taxes shall be limited to the necessities of government honestly and economically administered. The high Republican tariff is the prin cipal cause of the unequal distribution of wealth it is a system of taxation which makes the rich richer and the poor poorer under its operations the American farmer and laboring men are the chief sufferers: it raises the cost of the necessaries of life to them, but does not protect their prod uct or wages. The farmer sells largely In free markets and buys almost entirely in the protected markets. In the most highly protected in dustries, such as cotton and wool, steel and iron, the wages of the laborers are the lowest paid in any of our industries. We denounce the Republican pretense on that subject and assert that American wages are established by competitive con ditions and not by the tariff. Demand Revision of Tariff. We favor the Immediate downward re vision of the existing high and in many eases prohibitive tariff duties, insisting that material reductions be speedily made upon the necessaries of life. Articles en tering into competition with trust con trolled products and articles of American manufacture which are sold abroad more cheaply than at home should be put upon the free list. We recognize that our system of tariff taxation is intimately connected with the business of the country, and we favor the ultimate attainment of the principles we advocate by legislation that will not in jure or destroy legitimate industry. We denounce the' action of President Taft In vetoing the bills to reduce the tariff in the cotton, woolen, metals and chemical schedules and the farmers' free list bill, all of which were designed to give immediate relief to the masses from the exactions of the trusts. The high cost of living is a serious problem in every American home. Tne Republican party in its platform attempts to escape from responsibility for present conditions by denying that they are due to a protective tariff. We take issue with them on this subject and charge that ex- Anti-trust Law. We favor the declaration by law of the conditions upon which corporations shall be permitted to engage in interstate trade, including, among others, the pre vention of holding companies, of inter locking directors, of stock watering, of discrimination in price and the control by any one corporation of so large a propor tion of any industry as to make it a menace to competitive conditions. We regret that the Sherman anti-trust law has received a judicial construction depriving it of much of its efHcacv, and we favor the enactment of legislation which will restore to the statute the strength of which it has been deprived by such interpretation. Rights of the States. We believe in the preservation and maintenance in their full strength and integrity of the three co-ordinate branches of the federal government—the execu tive, the legislative and the judicial—each keeping within its own bounds and not encroaching upon the just powers of either of the others. Believing that the most efficient results under our system of government are to be attained by the full exercise by the states of their reserved sovereign powers, we denounce as usurpation the efforts of our opponents to deprive the states of any of the rights reserved to them and to en large and magnify by indirection the pow ers of the federal government. Presidential Primaries. The movement toward more popular government should be promoted through legislation In each state which will per mit the expression of the preference of BASIS OF REPRESENTATION. Alabama ..24 16 Alaska .. 6 Nevada 6 Arizona .. 6 New Hampshire 8 ..18 New Jersey 28 California .. 26 New Mexico Colorado ..12 New York 90 Connecticut... .14 North Carolina. 24 D. of Columbia. North Dakota... 10 6 4S 1? ?n 7R 10 FOR VICE PRESIDENT, THOMAS R. MARSHALLX Thomas R. Marshall of Indiana was born in Manchester, Ind., In 1854. He was a lawyer at Columbia City, trustee Wabash college and governor of Indiana since 1909. PRINCIPAL PLATFORM POINTS. Tariff for revenue only is the chief plank of the Democratic plat form. Real downward revision is demanded and Republicans scored for tariff tinkering. Republicans blamed for high cost of living. Rights of states reaffirmed. Presidential primaries favored. Party pledged to enactment of taw prohibiting corporations fram contributing to campaign funds. Single presidential term favored. Supervision and rate regulation of railroads, express companies, telephone and telegraph lines engaged in interstate commerce is advo cated. Aldrich central bank bill opposed. Favors parcels post or postal express. cesslve prices result in a large measure from the high tariff laws enacted and maintained by the Republican party and from trusts and commercal conspiracies fostered and encouraged by such laws, and we assert that no substantial relief can be secured for the people until import duties on the necessaries of life are ma terially reduced and these criminal con spiracies broken up. Pennsylvania ... 76 8 Illinois ..68 Porto Rico 6 Indiana ..B0 Rhode Island.... 10 Iowa .26 South Carolina.. IS Kansas .20 South Dakota... 10 Kentucky 26 Tennessee 24 70 40 8 Maine .12 Utah 40 8 Maryland ..16 Vermont E Massachusetts ..36 Virginia 24 Michigan .JO Washington 14 Minnesota ..24 West Virginia... 16 Mississippi.... .20 Wisconsin 26 Missouri ..86 Wyoming 6 Montana .. 8 Total 1, )SS I SI the electors for national candidates at presidential primaries. We direct that the national committee incorporate in the call for the next nomi nating convention a requirement that all expressions of preference for presidential candidates shall be given and the selec tion of delegates and alternates made through a primary election conducted by the party organization in each state where such expression and election are not pro vided for by state law. Committeemen who are hereafter to constitute the mem bership of the Democratic national com mittee and whose election is not provided for by law shall be chosen in each state at such primary elections, and the service and authority of committeemen, however chosen, shall begin immediately upon the receipt of their credentials respectively. We pledge the Democratic party to the enactment of a law prohibiting any corpo ration from contributing to a campaign fund and any individual from contribut ing any amount above a reasonable maxi mum. Term of President. We favor a single presidential term and to that end urge the adoption of an amendment to the constitution making the president of the United States ineligible to re-election, and we pledge the candi date of this convention to this principle. We favor the efficient supervision and rate regulation of railroads, express com panies, telegraph and telephone lines en gaged in interstate commerce. We favor such legislation as will effect ually prohibit the railroads, express, tele graph and telephqne companies from en gaging in business which brings them into competition with their shippers also legislation preventing the overissue of stocks and bonds by interstate railroads, express companies, telegraph and tele phone lines. We oppose the so called Aldrich bill of the establishment of a central bank, and we believe our country will be largely freed from panics and consequent unem ployment and business depression by such a systematic revision of our banking laws as will render temporary relief in locali ties in which such relief le needed, with protection from control or domination by what is known as the money trust. We condemn the present methods of de positing government funds in a few fa vored banks. Rural Credit*. Of equal importance with the question of currency reform is the question of rural credits or agricultural finance. Therefore we recommend that an Investi gation of agricultural credit societies in foreign countries be made, so that it may be ascertained whether a system of rural credits may be devised suitable to condi tions in the United States. 'We renew the declaration in our last platform relating to the conservation of our natural resources and the develop ment of our waterways. Law Reform. We recognise the urgent need of re form In the administration of civil and criminal law in the United States, and we recommend the enactment of such leg islation and the promotion of such meas ures as will rid the present legal system of the delays, expense and uncertainties Incident to the system as now adminis tered. We favor the establishment of the w cels post or postal express, and alio A extension Of the rural delivery system aa rapidly as practicable.