Audubon County journal., August 28, 1919, Image 2

About Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993

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LEAGUE FULFILS
AMERICAN IDEAL
Herbert Hoover Says Democra
cies Replaced Autocracies
at Our Bidding.
am FOOD ADMINISTRATION CHIEF.
Urges Ratification orr Ground That
Peace Treaty Will Collapse
Without League
Nations.
Herbert Hoover is so deeply con
cerned over the opposition to the
League of Nations in the United
States that he has let himself be in
terviewed at length on the League sit
uation. In a talk with the New York
Times correspondent ii\ Paris, the
Food Administration Chief asserts that
haying caused the League idea to pre
vail America1 cannot abandon it. We
cannot withdraw, he says, and leave
Europe to chaos. "To abandon' the
League Covenant now means that the
treaty itself will collapse."
Mr. Hoover's wide acquaintance
•with conditions both here and abroad,
his reputation as an administrator,-a
man of great affairs who deals with
facts, qot theories, make his state
ment one of the most important con
tributions to the recent League discus
sions.
"There are one or two joints in con
nection with the present treaty," said
Mr. Hoover, "that need careful consid
eration by the American public. We
need to digest the fact that we have
for a century and a half been advo
cating democracy not only as a
remedy for the internal ills of all so
ciety, but also as the only real safe
guard against war. We have believed
*n£ & s|.a»2a JLnJ
tnat a world which there was a
free expression and enforcement of
the will of the majority was the real
basis of government, was essential for
the advancement of civilization, and
that we have proved Its enormous hu
man benefits In our country.
American Ideas Have Prevailed.
"We went into the war to destroy
autocracy a* a menace to our own and
all other democracies. If we had not
come into the war every inch of Euro
pean soil today would be under auto
cratic government. We have imposed
our will on' the world. Out of this
.victory has come the destruction of
the four great autocracies in Ger
many, Iiussia, Turkey and Austria and
the little autocracy In Greece. New
democracies have sprung Into being in
Poland, Finland,v Letvia, Lithuania,
Esthonia, Czechoslovakia, Greater
Serbia, Greece, Siberia, and even Ger
many and Austria have established
democratic governments. Beyond
these a host of small republics,, such
as Armenia,, Georgia, Azerbaijan and
others, have sprung up, and again as
a result of this great world movement
the constitutions of Spain, Rumania,
and even England, have made a final
ascent to complete fi'anchise and de
mocracy, although they still maintain
a symbol of royalty.
•'We have been the living spring for
this last century and half from which
these ideas have sprung, and we have
triumphed. The world today, except
for a comparatively few reactionary
and communistic autocracies, Is dem
ocratic, and we did it
"A man who takes a wife and
blesses the world with several Infants
capnot go away and leave them on
the claim that there Was no legal mar
riage.
"These infant democracies all have
political, social and economic prob
lems involving their neighbors that
are fraught with the most intense
friction. There are no natural bound
aries in Europe. Races are not com
pact they blend at every border. They
need railway communication and sea
outlets through their neighbors' terri
tory.
"Many of these states must for the
next few years struggle almost for
bare bones to maintain their very
existence. Every one of them is go
ing to do its best to protect its own
interests, even to the prejudice of it*
neighbors.
Governments Lack Experience.
"We in America should realize that
He Has Had His Day
democracy, as a stable form of govern
ment as we know it, is possible only
with highly educated populations and
a large force of men who are capable
of government. Few of the meli who
compose these governments have had
an^r actual experience at governing
and their populations are woefully Il
literate.
"They will require a generation of
actual national life In peace to de
velop free education and skill in gov
ernment.
"Unless these countries have a guid
ing hand and referee in their quarrels,
a court of appeals for their wrongs,
this Europe will go back to chaos.
If there is such an institution, rep
resenting the public opinion of the
world,and able to exert its authority,
they will\grow into stability. \e can
not turn bacjr now.
"There is Another point which also
needs emphasis. World treaties hith
erto have always been based oh the
theory of a balance of power. .Strong
er races have been set up to dominate
the weaker, partly with a view to
maintaining stability and to a greater
degree with a view to maintaining oc
cupations and positions for the re
actionaries of the world.
"The balance of power is born of
armies and navies, aristocracies,
autocracies, and reactionaries general
ly, who can find employment and
domination in these institutions, and
treaties founded on this basis have
established stability after each great
war for a shorter or longer time, but
never more than a generation.
"Ajnerica came forward with a new
Idea, and we insisted upon its injec
tion into this peace conference. We
claimed that it' was possible to set
up such a piece of machinery with
such authority that the balance of
power could be abandoned as a relic
of the middle ages. We'compelled an
entire construction of this treaty and
every, word and line in It to bend to
this idea.
"Outside of the League of Nations
the treaty itself has many deficiencies.
It represents compromises between
many men and between many selfish
Interests, and these very compromises
and deficiencies are multiplied by the
many new nations that have entered
upon its signature, and the very safety
of the treaty Itself lies In a court of
appeal for the remedy of wrongs In
the treaty.
Benefits of the League.
"One thing is certain. There Is no
body of human beings so wise that a
treaty could be made that would not
develop Injustice and prove to have
been wrong In some particulars. As
the covenant stands today there is a
plaeje at which redress can be found
and through which the good-will of
the world can be enforced. The very
machinery by which the treaty is to
be executed, and scores of points yet#
to be solved, which have been referred
to the League of Nations as a method
of securing more mature judgment in
a lesS heated atmosphere, justifies the
creation of the League.
"To abandon the covenant now
means that the treaty itself will col
lapse.
"It would take the exposure of but
a few documents at my hand to prove
that I had been the most reluctant of
Americans to become Involved in this
situation in Europe. But having gone
in with our eyes open and with a de
termination to free ourselves and the
rest of the world from the dangers
that surrounded us, we cannot now
pull back from the job. It is no use
to hold a great revival and then go
away leaving a church for continued
services half done.
"We have succeeded In a most ex
traordinary degree in Imposing upon
Europe the complete conviction that
we are absolutely disinterested. The
consequence is that there is scarcely
a man, woman or child who can read
In Europe that does not look to the
United States as the ultimate' source
from which they must receive assur
ances and guardianship in the liberties
which they have now secured after
so many generations of struggle.
"This is not a problem of protecting
the big nations, for the few that re
main can well look after themselves.
What we have done is to set up a
score of little democracies, and if the
American people could visualize their
handiwork they would insist with the
same determination that tliey did in
1917 that our government proceed."
TmrnrmrnimmtT
MADE TIME OF GAY REUNION
"Beating the Bounds," in Virginia, at
Least, Drew Together Neigh-.
bors From Far and Near.
"Boating the bounds" was a spe
cially important duty in the colonies,
where land surveys were Imperfect,
land grants irregular, and the bound
aries of each man's farm or planta
tion at first very uncertain. In Vir
ginia this beating the bounds was
called "processioning." Landmarks
were renewed that were becoming ob
literated blazes on a tree would be
somewhat grown over they were
deeply recut piles of great stones
containing a certain number for des
ignation were sometimes scattered—
the original number would be re
stored. Special trees would be found
fallen or cut down new marking
trees would be planted, usually pear
trees, as they were long-lived. Dis
puted boundaries were decided upon
and announced to all the persons pres
ent, some of whom at the next "pro
cessioning" would even be able to
testify as to the correct line. This
processioning took place between
Easter and Whitsuntide, that lovely
season of the year in Virginia and
must have proved a pleasant reunion
of neighbors, a ^jVIay-party. In New
England this was called "perambu
lating the bounds," ahd the surveyors
who took charge were called "peram
bulators" or "boundsgoers."—Alice
Morse Earle In Child Life In Colonial
Days.
DREADED SNAKE UNDER FALLS
According to Indian Superstition, Rep.
tile's Breaking Loose Ended in
Destruction of Villages.
Formerly, according to Indian su
perstition, there dwelt under Niagara
falls a gigantic snake, which now and
then would make its way to an Indian
village and coil itself around the town.
It swallowed the people, and made
itself further obnoxious by poisoning
the springs and wells with its spittle.
The Hiwassee river, in the south
ern Allegheny region, is infested by
an enormous leech. Occasionally a
certain ledge of rock- is exposed when
the water is low, so that people are
tempted to cross over it. Anybody
who tries to do so, however, is inevi
tably seized and sucked down.
Near the head of the Savannah
river are the famous Talula falls. It
has be^n well known for centuries
that the Thunder Spirit lives beneath
these falls, and its roaring may at
any time be heard in the noise of the
cataract.
One hundred miles to the southeast
of Death valley, (in California') is
Dead mountain, which is the abode of
multitudes of ghosts. At all events,
the Indians so believe, though when
one approaches the mountain one per
ceives that the spooks are merely
broken and precipitous rocks shining
white in the sun. •.
Life of Chilean Girls.
The Chilean, girl's reason for'being is
marriage, and. one of her earliest les
sons is that woman's place Is indeed
the home and that man is ordained her
master, the World Outlook says. Old
maids have a particularly horrid time
In Chile and most of them take the
rail. There is little else for them to
do, for'they can't all become school
teachers and no other career is open
for the young woman who does not
marry. Women journalists, doctors,
lawyers, stenographers and clerks are
practically unknown.
Perhaps this somewhat oriental ideal
of Chilean womanhood explains why
the tinkling of the piano rather than
the clicking of typewriter keys is the
chief mechanical noise one hears at the
Santiago College for Girls, and why the
most important exercise is an exhibit
of fine needlework and hand-painted
china rather than essays on "Why toe
Woman Needs the Vote."
Famous Writer of Songs.
the songs that George F. Root com
posed or arranged during the Civil war
would almost fill a volume. With
George Root music was a profession.
He was born in Massachusetts in 1820,
and studied music both in this country
and abroad. Before, during and for a
considerable time after the Civil war,
Mr. Root was a music publisher in Chi
cago.
Previous to the war he had written
a number of cantatas and similar com
positions, but when the war started he
turned all of his attention to composing
war songs.
One of the most spirited songs was
"Tramp, Tramp, Tramp, the Boys Are
Marching," and Its composition should
entitle him to rank among the makers
of living national music.
Next to "Tramp, Tramp, Tramp,"
the most popular of Root's war songs
was "The Battle Cry of Freedom."
Fishlno in Japan. j*$§
Japanese fishermen catch their fish
in a way very different from our fish
ermen. The fisherman Will sit in his
Utile boat and have with him eight or
ten ugly black birds, almost the size
of a goose, called cormorants. These
birds live altogether on fish. They are
trained to obey their owner's voice.
He makes them dive into the water
after the fish and they are so quick
and clever and sharp-eyed that they
hardly ever come up out of the water
without fish In their beak. A ring Is
placed around their throats to prevent
them from swallowing their booty, but
It Is not so tight that it prevents them
from breathing. When the man Is
through fishing he unfastens this ring
and lets his birds eat some of the
smaller fish which they have caught
TRUTH OF CLOCK'S SOUNDS
Real Reasons Why Large Timepiece Is
Always Considered to Be Saying
"Tick, Tock." ....... .,
Why "do we always regard a clock
•as saying "tick, tock," and not "tick,
tick," like a watch? Is there really
any distinction between the alternate
sounds, or is it a matter of psycholi
ogy? Attention to the problem has
been given by an investigator, whose
conclusions are most interesting.
The- general opinion, according to
him, has always been that it was mere
ly a matter of chance whether the
"tick" accompanied the left and the
"tock" the right beat of the pendu
lum or vice versa. The first Impor
tant discovery this authority made was
that the "tick" always marks the mo
ment when the pendulum reaches the
extreme point of detonation from the
perpendicular on its beat to the right,
while the reaching of its swing limit
to the left Is marked by the "tock" in
pendulums of all lengths. He found
that owing to the fact that the anchor
of the escapement mechanism is above
the rotating escapement wheel and in
the same plane with it, the conditions
under which its arms strike the cogs
of the wheel are not the same for
both arms.
One of the arms of the anchor
strikes a cog of the wheel moving up
ward, in a direction opposed to that
of the anchor, while the other arm
strikes against the cog while It is
moving downward, nearly in the same
direction as the anchor. The result
of the unequal conditions under which
the two arms pf the anchor engage
the cogs of the escapement wheel Is
naturally an acoustic difference in the
sounds produced by the contact of the
parts..
SIMPLY PERFECT IN THEORY
Kitchen Management Left Nothing to
Be Desired, Except the Prosaic
Fact of Cooking.
An experienced housewife, who has
never taken any other course/in do
mestic science than that afforded '6y
wrestling many years with the prob
lem of three meals a day, felt much
Interested when her college-bred daugh
ter told her that she was going to
spend the week-end with a friend who
was the last word In the highbrow
world of the cooking specialist.
"Mother, It was wonderful," ex
claimed the girl on her return. "On
one side of her white-tiled laboratory
—she doesn't call it a kitchen—there
is the dishwashing machine and on
the other the long tables for the con
structive work. The arrangements
are perfect, and everything is clean
and shining. I'm just crazy about It.
Not a bit like our haphazard kitchen."
"And I presume the food was equally
wonderful," said the really sympathetic
mother, ready to learn of the new
generation. "Tell me about it."
The returned visitor looked thought
ful. "Well, you see, we didn't go very
deep into cookery. She never does. We
had dinner made in the fireless cook
er, some sort of stew. And., the .rest
of the stuff she gets at the delicates
sen."—New York World.
-j
'Robert Burns.
Burns is the singer of songs as im
mortal as love, pure as the dew of
the morning, and sweet as Its breath
songs with which the lover woos his
bride and the( mother soothes her
child, and the heart of a people beats
with patriotic exultation .songs that
cheer human endeavor and console hu
man sorrow arid exalt human life. We
cannot find out the secret of their pow
er. Until we know why the rose Is
sweet or the dew-drop pure, or the
rainbow beautiful, we cannot know
why the poet is the best benefactor
of humanity. If we were forced to
surrender every expression of human
genius but one, surely we should re
tain poetry and if we were called to
lose from the vast accumulation of lit
erature all but a score of books, among
that choice and perfect reminder
would be the songs of Burns.—George
Wilson Curtis.
a re in
Back somewhere around 1830 was
a man called M. Chabert, better known
as "the fire king," and these are some
of the things he did to prove himself
Inhuman and a marvel in London. To
begin with, he swallowed 40 grains of
phosphorus, which is quite enough to
kill two good-sized men, and after that
he sipped oil at 330 degrees, and lived
long enough to rub a red-hot fire shovel
over his tongue, face and hair, and
then lived some more,
Some few years lat4r, on a challenge
of $250, he repeated the feat, won the
wager and threw In a few more like
stunts for good measure. He swallow
ed a piece of biirnlng/torch, for In
stance, and then, costumed in coarse
woolen, entered an oven at 380 de
grees, sang a song and cooked two dish
es of beefsteak.
New Delicious Fruits.
There have /been found In the Phil
ippines two fruits entirely unknown
to Europe and even to Amerlcfi. One
of these is the durian,. which grows on
a lofty tree somewhat resembling an
elm, is about as large as a coconut
has a shiny shell and contains a
creamy tmlp which combines some of
the flavors of delicious custard with
those of fine cheese. American sol
diers in the Philippines have dubbed
the durinn the "vegetable limburger."
The other rare fruit is the mangosteen,
hut the exquisitely flavored liquid it
contains has not yet been successfully
preserved for shipping.
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FOR SALE
The following chattels will be sold at private treaty
at the Christian Parsonage at reasonable prices:
Tapestry rug 9x12 coal heating stove, Cole's high
oven range, New Perfection two-burner kerosine
stove with oven, kerosine heater, kitchen cabinet,
washing machine, 3 kitchen chairs, Sanitary cot
and matress, garden plow, FORD ROADRTER.
Rev. L. M. Matson
EXCHANGE STATE BANK
EXiRA, IOWA-
Established February 1889
Incorporated October 1918
„i
30 YEARS,
of Continuous, Conservative
and Successful Banking.
4
We Invite Your Patronage and Extend Our Helpful Service.
Chas. Van Gorder, President
Corn Stalks.No Longer,
a By-Product
No one ever raised an ear of corn without a stalk.
It can be done. But many farmers may forget that
they can sell the stalk to, by feeding it to cattle in
the form of silage.
... Thats a by-product of your farm that should not
be wasted. Turning hogs or cattle into the field af
ter corn has been gathered, or storing it in shocks' ex
posed tp the weather, doesn't give you full feeding
value. Its a waste of money.
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Holl°w
Time to Order Your Silo
is now. Ypa will have it without fail when the orop
is leady. Many loet out last year by ordering late.
Come in and talk this over with us.
Fullerton Lumber Co.
Pete Hansen, Manager
LIST OF ADAMS COUNTY FARM
a USt
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hsted at bedrock pnees, and good terms oan be made on most of
the farms at a low rate of interest.
a8ne
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t&Tm 8DapS ranging in
440 acres, ranging in price from $125,00 to $250.00.
These farms are located in Adams and Taylor Counties
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bolo°8
We have worked hard to list these farms and know they are
had 25years
C°U^ty-
LVS furnish any information by correspondence, regard
ive buyeZ™'
pleasure
:. Have done business in the County for over 46 years, and as
to our reputation as business men would refer to the Okey-Vern
on National Bank, Corning, Iowa
non-residents and are
experience in the land busi-
.These farms are all well located. Will
showing
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Edwin Delahoyde, Vice President
A. J. Leake, Cashier
J.K. Vande Brake, Asst. Cashier
-M. E. Leake, Asst. Cashier
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Block Silo and
them to prospect-
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MNN & LYNAM
®'ea* Este.te Men of Corning, Iowa.
o. We have one 440 acre farm which we think is partic
ularly, A SNAP. This farm is fine ridge land has been in the"
present owners hands for over 50 years. Well improved-20
buildings on farm—well watered carries $70,000.00 on first mort
gage for 10 years at 5| per cent. Priced at $235.00 per acre.
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acreage from 80 to
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