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TUESDAY SEPTEMBER 3 190L
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Circulation Statement
The circulation of The Time for the week
ended Ufru t 31 1001 was as follows
Sundaj Urut 25 1CM
Monday August 20 39 011
TureiUjr vu ust Z 39100
Wednevlaj ufinst 53 33SW
Thunday Augut 29 OSHO
Friday urtt 30 33 ra
Saturday August 31 - 33S0I
Total 2J3078
Daily average Sunday 182S excepted SOtfts
Steel Strike Development
The important development yesterday
In the steel strike was tl e failure of the
strikers to tie up the Duiuesne mill
This was a great disappointment to
them i specially as success in this pro
ject might have to some etent offset
the depressing effect of the onslaught
made by ex Vice President Illckey of
the Amalgamated Association upon
President Shaffer at Biy View Sunday
Mr Illckey is one of the Milwaukee
workers wlro last week visited Pitts
burg and the Eastern strike region gen
erally to study the situition and the
prospects of the movement At a re
sult of his Investigations he accused
Shaffer of doctoring the Amalgamated
constitution and sending broadcast al
leged copies from which were carefully
Eliminated the provisions making it in
cumbent upon the lodges to vote sepa
rately upon a proposition to strike Mr
Illckey denounced the whole business
as a failure since as he asserted
per cent of the mills were
working and he declared that Shaffer
had not only made a fiasco of the strike
but had done Irreparable injury to the
Amalgamated Association
Perhaps this development is more Im
portant than anj which have preceded
it In showing the extent to which In
ternal dissensions are contributing to a
general break up among the strikers
As late as yesterday President Burns
of the Glass Workers Union was still
endeavoring to Induce President
Schwab of the United States Steel
Company to consider some basis of set
tlement which should save the face of
the Amalgamated Association but It
Is hardly probable that he will be able
to accomplish any thing of a practical
nature Messrs Morgan and Schwab
are safd be firm in their determina
tion not io treat with the strikers or
their representatives until the men
have byn ordered back to work and
on no acount to recognize tine Amalga
mated Association in any way again
unless It shall procure a charter and
thtas place itself in a position of legal
responsibility for Us acts and engage
rrents How the situation may appear
today It Is impossible to say but yes
terday the indications seemed to be
that the strike would reach its end
within ten dajs
Ignorance of Pnlltlcn Rconomy
That Georgia clergvma 01s said
to bav e Just returned frqrhairope con
certed from the free silver idea by the
discovery that our money In Europe
Is at a premium while Italian money is
not and who has also reached the con
clusion that we must have a tariff be
cause wages are higher in this country
than they are in Europe would do well
to keep his Tellgion unmixed w ith polit
ical economy If these wise conclu
sions are to be taken as indicating the
breadth and grasp of his mind and his
knowledge of the subjects referred to
before he went to Euiope we are left
In very grave doubts as to the value of
his theological teachings
There Is much In political economy that
is subtle and complex and knowledge
of the great fundamental principles
does not come to man intuitively It
is acquired in the first place by close
thinkers from a careful study of ob
served and admitted facts After cne
has become more or less familiar wits
these principles from a study of the
standard text books Tie Is still quite
likely to go astray in his attempt to
apply them to soma particular subject
matter unless he Is also familiar with
the facts which go to make up the sub
ject matter and to obtain an accurate
knowledge of thesf may Itself require
long and laborious study There are In
deed many points upon which a clergy
man or a scholar on almost any other
line outside the economic field may
confess ignorance and do it with no
sense of humiliation
But in many cases the Ignorance dls
plaved is far and away beond what
teems to be excusable There probably
are no two facts better known to those
who have even made a cursory study
of the money and tariff questions than
that Italian money has been more tr
less depreciated for some years fast
and that wages are higher upon an
aveiuge In America than In Europe
Thej are points that can be easily
gathered from the daily paprs by one
who reads with any sort of care But
this reverend gentleman it appears
had to go all the way to Europe In or
der to learn them and after he did so
if he Is conectly reported his mind is
a complete blank as to their real I
niflcance
The basic contention of the silver men
was that the demonetization of sliver in
Europe and America had increased the
demand for gold and given to It a
forced and unjust value the effect be
ing to Increase the burden of all debt
enriching the creditor and moneyed
classes at the expense of all others
The premium on gold was the Identi
cal thing complained of All through
the ng controversy over the coinage
of s1 r It was shown that the coun
tries which remained upon the Filter
baFls and whose monetary systems had
not been changed were relatively
Epcaklng more prosperous than th
gold standard countries The discount
upon their silver was to positive ad
vantage In international trade Increas
ing their exports diminishing their im
ports and stimulating their home In
dustries And now after the silver
question has been practically settled as
a political Issue we have a minister of
the gospel suddenly converted to the
gold standard by the discovery that
there is a premium on gold in certain
parts of Europe If he were heavily in
debt and had nothing but commodities
to pay with and found that by reason
of tho premium on gold he had to give
up more and more of his commodities
to get the gold to pay with he would
be very likely to change his mind as
to the beneficent effects of a premium
on the yellow metal
Parenthetically it may bo observed
in passing tl at the discount on Italian
money is ow Ing to the fact that the has
never been able to establish and main
tain the gold standard Some years
ago she made the attempt She bor
rowed eighty million dollars and start
ed in but the gold slipped away from
her again and her paper money went
to a discount Any country can have
the gold standard that Is rich enough
either to buy the gold with commodi
ties or to keep borrowing gold when
ever necessary But poor countries can
do neither Depreciated money is rot
the cause of Italy being poor but the
monej is depreciated because she has
not been ricli enough to force It up to
the gold level
The remark concerning the tariff Is
not quite so bad because the difference
In wage rates is an element to be con
sidered in dealing with the tariff But
it is only a v ery smalt part of the ques
tion Few people in the United States
have objected to a tariff sufficient to
cover the difference in wages Had the
tariff never been carried beyond that
point there vould not be much of an
issue upon the question at this time
But the labor which enters into Ameri
can manufacturing is a mere fraction
of the total cost while the tariffs have
been formulated upon the theory that
the whole cost was labor Even had
such been the case the duties were
placed a great deal higher than would
have been necessary to equalize condi
tions
A moderate tariff is still proper and
necessary on some things but It is cer
tain that notwithstanding the higher
rates of wages in this country ve can
now compete In many lines with the
manufacturers of other countries As
to these lines it Is clear that the tariff
is not onlj unnecessary but unjust to
our own people It enables the great
trusts that control the most of these
Industries to put prices to the Ameri
can consumer away above the inter
national level There are many cses
In which the American manufacturers
have the advantage of their ilvals in
machinery in fuel and In raw material
advantagesvvhich far more than offset
the difierence in wage rates But this
Georgia clcigyman returns to the Uni
ted States his brain charged with the
one idea that wages are higher in this
country than in Europe and hence
that the tariff is all right
No particular Importance is to be at
tached to the opinions of this one In
dividual and we have only referred to
the matter as lllustrativ e of how super
ficial Is the knowledge of economies
even by many who are well up in ether
branches of learning And unfortu
nately the old aphorism that a littls
learning Is a dangerous thing applies
with peculiar force to those who ven
ture into the held of political economy
for it is a subject that vitally affects
all the substantial and material inter
ests of mankind Hence It Is danger
cis to the man who assumes to know
when he is in fact Ignorant and to
those who blindly follow his lead
Sampson the- Mar Witness
If we are to Judge by the most re
cent reports from Burke Haven New
Hampshire where Sampson is said to
be boating fishing driving smoking
eating as heartily as he did when he
followed the pleasant pastoral pursuit
of a sw ineherd In early days and gen
erally enjoying himself it will be very
dlificult for Crowninshield to make out
for him a case either of nervous pros
tration or paresis which the depart
ment apparently has been trjng to do
for several days In the hope of getting
him excused from appearance as a
witness before the Court of Enquiry
If Sampson Is as well as those vho
meet dallj at the hotel on Lake Suna
pee at which he is staving aver it will
be something of a task to wreck his
mind and body again within the space
of nine davs so that the court and the
country may be Induced to accept the
contention that it would be both cruel
and useless to subject him to cross ex
amination But unless he should im
prove each shining hour between now
and September 12 and go down hill
faster than he shot from In front of
Santiago Harbor to the horizon Jjst be
fore Cervera ran out we are inclined to
believe that he will have to face the
muslcv Naturally he would prefer to
be absent because thar appears to have
been and still to be his habit in any
crisis but this time the country will
not stand it without making no end of
a row
The American people are very much
In earnest about having Sampson ex
plain whv he failed to jrnake the least
attempt to intercept the Spanish squad
ron after being warned at Cape Hai
tien Slay 15 1S38 that it was on the
point of leaving Curacao for Santiago
why when the Signal Service notified
him that Cervera was in Santiago Har
bor he wasted eleven davs in inaction
why when he reached Santiago and
found the Colon in the outer harbor
and she waited there for four hours and
twentj minutes he did not fire at least
one pot shot at her and finally why
when he had notice on the evening of
July 2 that the Spaniards appeared to
be actively preparing for a sortie he
turned over the command of th licet
to his superior officer Commodore
Schley hoisted the signal Disregard
the movements of the commander-in-chief
and scooted for the skyline
Nothing could be plainer than that
Sampson is the star witness nor that
Crowninshield et al will move heaven
and earth to keep him off the stand
Meantime they are making the Ameri
can naval service the laughing block of
Europe
the rialicocU Anti Trnnt I1I1I
It Is intimated that In order to head
off Mr Babcoclc and his little bill to
deprive the trusts of their tariff pro
tection Speaker Henderson may in
crease the Republican membership of
the Ways and Means Committee from
ten to twelve and reduce the Demo
cratic representation from seven to
five Of course this is only a rumor
but we may be sure that there will be
no hesitation about resorting to any
measure that Is calculated to repress
those ingrates within the Republican
party who are either forgetful of what
the party owes to the trusts or Indif
ferent as to tho burden of the obliga
tion
It is not necessary to make any such
change In this committee In order to
prevent the House from taking action
The Committee on Rules Is the great
power in that body and the Speaker
controls the committee The Speaker
would refuse to iccogntze Mr Babcock
or anyone else to call up an anti trust
bill and the
THE TIMES WASHINGTON TUESDAY SEPTEMBER 3 1901
Committee on
would not bring In a special resolution
for the consideration of such a meas
ure There is no danger of Mr Bib
cock being able to get any bill through
the House that is calculated to injure
the trusts Such a measure might with
perfect propriety be entitled a bill to
wind up the affairs of the Republican
party
But the leaders of the party will
scarcely be content to prev ent the pas
sage of such a measure They do not
want one to get out of the Ways and
Means Committee If Messrs Babcock
and McCall should vote in committee
with the seven Democrats to report the
measure they would constitute a ma
jority the bill would be reported and
there it would stand on the House cal
endar It Is very seldom that a bill
reported from this committee Is not
acted upon and to hang this one up
would be a most unusual almost an
unprecedented thing It would be bad
for the Republican party
Far better would It be to strangle the
bill in committee To do tills though
it will not be necessary to increase the
Republican membership of the commit
tee The end can be reached just the
same bythe simple expedient of leav
ing Representatives Babcock and Mc
Call oft the committee and putting a
couple of little Republican chaps In
their places who will do Just what they
are told to do no more no less Wf
do not know- just how the Republicans
will handle the proposition but what
ever method they adopt it is entirely
possible that they may get their fin
gers burnt
The MrarnRiui Canal
There con be no doubt that public in
terest is acute in regard to the report
that the Walker Canal Commission is
to present when the Administration is
ready to receive it For some time past
there has been an uncomfortable Im
pression abroad that the report which
as It Is generally understood was
strongly In favor of the Nicaragua
route both on grounds of economy and
feasibility had been rewritten in order
to favor the Interests of the Panama
Canal syndicateof NewtXork and Lon
don the leadimr members of which In
this country are close tc and influential
with the Administration Such a pub
lic impression may do the majority of
the commission an injustice We do not
know how Rear Admiral Walker now
stands on the matter but It Is notorious
that his most competent colleagues
never have considers J The old de Les
seps ditch as a practicable proposition
and that uninfluenced bypressure from
the White House theyvvould condemn
it unmercifully Whaf they may do in
current circumstances remains to be
seen
The New York Journal jesterday
claimed authority for saying that the
forthcoming report would be in general
tenor like the prev ious one and hence
would favor the Nicaragua route and
the acquisition by this country by
means of a long lease of a strip of
territory throu rh the States of Nic
aragua and Costa Rica which would
give the United States complete control
of the line of the American waterway
We have no mans of knowing how far
right the Journal -may be but we arc
sorry to say that we have our doubts
It may be true that the report will
show a saving of twelve million dollars
in following the Nicaragua rather than
the exploded French line but the fac
tor of expense would have little or no
weight in determining official action If
the trans continental railway magnates
who bitterly oppose the American pro
ject because they do not want an Inter-oceanic
canal but advocate the
completion of the de Lesseps ditch
because they do not believe It can be
made a success wish for a report fav
orable to their views It Is probable that
they will get what they desire The
American people are anxious for an
exclusive waterway under our own con
trol and feel that it must be had since
it w 111 form a part of our national coast
line and become a source of danger If
liable to be used against us In war witb
any foreign Power But the Panama
Canal syndicate are thinking of their
stupendous deal rather than about the
Interests of the nation so it is pretty
hard to predict what may happen when
the question shall betaken up by Con
gress next winter
JlneVrlliur Hull
There seems to be some difference of
orinion between General MacArthur
and Representative Hull as to condi
tions In the Philippines Mr Hull was
quoted recently as saj Ing that forty
thousand soldiers will have to be kept
there by the United States for some
years to come General MacArthur
says that forty thousand are needed
now but that ho believes the number
may be reduced within the next three
months This Is a point upon which
even the general may be mistaken but
as a rule we would be willing to take
his Judgment in preference to that of
Mr Hull on almost subject connect
ed with the islands excepting perhaps
the opportunities for mal ng money by
getting in on the ground floor with a
lumber company It Is a little remark
able to say the least that Gener i
MacArthur bo long the head of the mil
itary government of the Islands should
seem to be so much more anxious to
give the Filipinos the full benefits of
civil government than do so many of
the Republican politicians
One thing however must be kept in
mind General MacArthurs opinion as
to what can be done In the way of com
pleted pacifying the rillplnos is evi
dently based upon tho Idea that they
are to be treated In accordanco with a
truly American policy If that is
done tho work no doubt will be easj
But such statesmen as Mr Hull are
not lookinz for the establishment of
a truly American policy In the Philip
pines That Is exactly tho kind of pol
icy do not want In their Judg
ment the country is one for Americans
to exploit and this ll is believed can
be accomplished better under a military
despotism than with a truly Ameri
can civil government established In
the archipelago
In sucli matters It will naturally take
some little time to establish complete
order and Americanize the islands tut
that only makes It the more impera
tive for the Administration to remove
every just cause for complaint No
single thing will contribute anj where
near co much to this end as to throw
the protection of the Constitution over
the Filipinos let them be assured that
they are legally a part of the American
people and that their rights as such
are as sacredly inviolable as those of
any duly organized and recognized
Territory of the Union General Mac
Arthurs statements aa to the charac
ter of those people prove that the
course indicated is exactly what the
Rules situation requires It should be taken
both in Justice to the Filipinos and to
the great tax paying public of Ameri
ca
A RadienI Spelling Ilefnrm
Mr D G Porter of Waterbury Conn
has the honor of being the most radical
reformer who has jet tackled the Job
of remodeling English spelling He
purposes to change the pronunciation
of words so that It will be logical and
thn to spell them as they are pro
nounced For instance he suggests
that since obey Is pronounced as it
is obedient should be pronounced
obaydient -He would In short in
troduce Continental spelling and pro
nunciation caning- a ah e ay and
Iee
7
Compared with the Job this gentle
man will havein convincing the Eng
lish speaking people of the world that
his si stem is good the twelve labors
of Hercules are as nothing There are
more children born every year to be
taught the present system of English
spelling before they are ten than will
adopt lis ideas In a lifetime He pro
poses not onlyj to jLhange the spelling
in the whole of English literature but
to change the pronunciation of the
English tonsuo in the mouths of hun
dreds of millions of people Jle might
as well to to change the shape of their
ears The time for both sorts of evolu
tion Is past
He complains that the English lan
guage was evolved by common Igno
rant people who were not capable of
constructing a really fine language It
maj be doubted whether the English
people were lthe essentials of civili
zation very far behind the rest of the
world at the time when their language
was taking shape but at any rate the
experiment of changing their spejeh
while It was jet In asomewhat plastic
stage -was thoroughly tried The Nor
man conquered the country and made
Norman French the court language
and the medium of polite Intercourse
while even the common people had to
learn a new hybrid tongue in which
French formed a large pert The Nor
mans did all that mortal aristocrats
could do to wipe out the original Saxon
In the meantime the monks were mak
ing Latin the medium of learning and
a great part of the literature of the
time was written In that language
With the king on one side and the
clergy on the othtr uniting their forces
against the Anglo Saxon speech It
would seem that that homely and ex
pressive tongue would havo to suc
cumb It would have done so had it
been a mere corrupt patois or the off
spring of Ignorant people of limited
ideas But it- survived and not only
survived but practically crowded out
both other languages and Is at the
present time the medium of commer
cial Intercourse not only In English
speaking countries but elsewhere This
could not hav e happened had there not
been an inherent fitness for the expres
sion of human thought in this rugged
larguige Even today the Saxon word
formost important Ideas stands side by
side with that of Latin derivation and
Is generally used In preference to It
Most of the eccentricities of spelling
and conjugation come from the Saxon
are worth preserving even If thej
do lead to some slight perplexity Af
ter all the difficulties of English to a
Frenchman are probably no greater
than those of French to an English
man
A story Is current Jn Europe to the ef
fect that after his visit to France Czar
Nicholas Intends to call a congress of the
chiefs of European States to meet at Cop
enhagen The object of tho proposed
congress Is not given but the lnterra
tlonal friction which the two Jastern
questions the Morroco question and other
matters cf irritation are causing may
have a good deal to do with the scheme
It is a long time since the Sovereigns of
Europe met one another in conclave not
since 1S15 If we remember
Should Secretary Long return from his
holiday before the meeting of the Court
of Enquiry it Is said that Admiral
Schleys counsel wilL bring the Howison
Hackett scandal to his attention In the
belief that he will not support the pecu
liar and suspicious action of his subordi
nate That being tho case it will sur
prise us greatlj should Mr Long show
up In Wa hington beforo the twelfth Ho
is a good dal of a Sampsonlte himself
Li Hung Chang Is working the cable to
ascertain If there is any sjmpathy with
the position of Prince Chun at the chan
celleries of Europe outside of Berlin He
Is not likely to get much comfort It may
be that Chun will return to China rather
than face the ordeal of tho expiatory
ceremony at tha Kaisers palace but
should he do so probably It would bo
the T3rjtrr eUUJagnincror Wilhelm
Is the kind of man to exact full satisfac
tion for the old and any now affront to
his country or his dignity
Abdul Hamld haa been much Impress
ed during the past two or three jears
with the Idea that tho Kaiser was his
friend and on occasion might bo his
backer It Is announced that ho has ap
pealed to Emperor Wilhelm to mediate
between Turkey and France and has
been advised to lose no time In making
the best settlement he can with tho Pow
er he has offended That Is sensible ad
vice and ho is very likely to follow It
PERSONAL
Henrj C Payne of Wisconsin a leading
member of the National Republican Com
mittee of the United States is seriously
ill with gout at the Frankfort Hotel In
Berlin
The automobile traveling van which
King Leopold of Belgium ordered from
Trance some time since Ins been com
pleted and will soon be shipped to Bel
glum It Is the most elaborate vehicle
of the sort ever made and cost In the
neighborhood of 30000
Henry Mosler tho artist has Just re
turned t othls couhtrj after a stay of
nine months in Trance and Italy and
has gone to his summer home In the
Catskills where he Is working hard Ho
intends to take a studio In this city for
tho winter
Baron Mount Stephen announce a gift
of 40000 to tho Presbyterian Church of
Scotland the Income to go to ministers In
his native district of Aberdeenshire nnd
Banffshire
Peter Bryant of Holton sajs the
Kansas City Journal Is a nephew of
the late William Cullen Brjant and last
week before a Bryant memorial meeting
he delivered an address on his eminent
kinsman at Springfield 111 Ills opening
sentence had the true K insas swing He
said Fifty years of busy life Is a long
time to tell much about In the short spaco
ot half an hour nnd the audience will
pardon me If ns I ricochet over this long
stretch of ground I touch only the high
places
M Gaston Menler tho French choco
late king Is very much to the front Just
now and It Is a quite new sign of the
times In France where manufacturers
have rarely plajcd a social role Having
built a model worklngmans village he
catered the Chamber of Deputies and be
came an Intimate friend of M Waldeck
Rousseau On dlt he is now about to
back up what will hj for Paris a gigantic
newspaper enterprise- a paper on the lines
of the American dailies
FOREIGN TOPICS
After all tho fuss that was recently
made over the removal of St Edmund
king and martjr from Toulouse to Arun
del in England It seems that that there
Is more than a possible shadow of doubt
that the bones broughUback in such hon
or are those of King Edmund The legend
Is that full 700 j ears ago Louis the Dau
phin of France took tho body of St Ed
mund to St Sternln In the ancient city of
Toulouse where it remained until a few
weeks ago The authority for this belief
Is found In a volume written by Pierre
Caseneuve In 1CJ0 and his authority keems
to have beci an Inventory of relics com
piled In HS5 which mentions three vosa
of marble containing tho bodies of the
four crowned martyrs and of St Aymun
dus formerly King of England It seems
so we are told by skeptics that there Is
not a scrap of ev idenco that th body was
taken to France by the Dauphin and on
the other hand there is much evijence
that no such thing ever occurred None
of the chroniclers Matthew Paris Roger
of VVenilovcr or Walter of HemlnBburKh
while telling much of the misdeeds of the
French soldiery savs anything of the des
ecration of the saints tomb And this
shrine was one of the most popular In
England the object point of pilgrimages
from far and near It Isnt likely that the
tomb could havo been robbed of its pre
cious hones without some one comment
ing on it without indeed its making a
sensation which would last for years
Furthermore the monks of Bury St Ed
munds believed that tho body of their
patron rtsted in the church until the
monaster was dissolved Jocelln in his
chronicle tells how at least on one ocea
sioi the loculus was opened and the ab
bot touched the head eyes and nose of
tho royal saint In a word there Is no
evidence of the removal of the saints
body and there is evidence of a contin
uous belief in its presence in England
The chances are that the bones which
have been carried from Irance to Eng
land ultimately to rest in Westminster
Cathedral are those or mat oiner at- lh
mund the Archbishop of Canterbury who
died In Solsy France and was burled in
Pontignj 400 j ears after the Saxon Kins
had departed from this life The whole
question Is stirring up a vast amount of
interest among English haglographers
The British soldier Is the chief sufferer
by the humanity of his countpman liv
ing in ease and plenty at home His
generals obeying orders from the War
Oftlcc have made It clear to him that
Boer property Is sacred Hence he has
starved in a land of plenty The eggs
and tho chickens the pigs and the milk
were left for the commandos of the en
emy For months General Ilunule s men
hungry and ragged and footsore tramp
ed the eastern part of the Orange River
Colony and the farms of tho burghers In
tho field were as safe from petty thiev
ing as- thofarms of Devonshire How
honorable said the humanitarian p id
he never thought that the enforced se f
rcstralnt of Tommy Atkins was respon
sible for the terrible sick lists which hafe
been such a melancholy feature of tie
war He starved to please the sentiment
al humanitarian and in too many cases
he died for It What did It matter Eng
land s reputation for magnanimity was
preserved
sv en tno enemys sucks w ore rcspecieu
It was nt Scnckal half emDty because
the burghers were out on commando and
the men after a hard days march In
which the sight or a tree or a snruo was
an event were sent out to collect fuel to
cook their meat ration There were
plenty of wooden fences and trees in the
town but these were not to be taken on
pain of Imprisonment A party of Rojnl
Mounted ltifles most of them unarmed
In their fruitless search for fuel fell Into
an ambush and five were shot dead In
Senekal Itself British soldiers wandered
up and down the streets collecting refuse
In their helmets and handkerchiefs the
Dutch women grinning and jeering at
them from the windows Over and over
again when the men have been on short
rations a full meal has been ordered for
Boer prisoners nnd over and over again
the men exhausted and hungrv have
had to march on foot while Boer prison
ers were beinc conveved by us in British
rcarts and wagons
On the Swiss Italian frontier at Mas
Uanlco last week the custom house of
ficials stopped a long procession of forty
schoolgirls walking two and two from a
semlnaryln the neighborhood Suspicion
had been aroused the frequencj with
which they crossed tho frontier In their
dally walks and on examination It was
found that every o le of the schoolgirls
was smuggling a quantity of cigars and
cigarettes to a total value of 6000
All the poor little girls were put In
prison and It Is not certain yet what
punishment will be meted out to them
It seems that this smuggling had been
going on sj stematlcally for a long time
The order of the coronation service
which will mark the official accession to
the British throne of King Edward Is not
sanctioned by any act o Parliament and
Is purely a creation of the Church which
thus Immemorial tradition conse
crates the State In the person of the
sovereign The Archbishop of Canterbury
crowns the King and the Archbishop of
York will crown the Queen-
The Bishop of Peterborough In his ref
erence In his recent charge to the prob
able use of Incense at the coronation of
the King and Queen seems to have over
looked the fact that the Abbey has been
fumigated with Incense at previous coro
nations before the service the structure
of which Is very Interesting
The sovereign is vested as a deacon in
a dalmatic with a maniple and stole worn
deaconwlse mere are special benedic
tions of Inanimate objects and more par
ticularly of the eucharistlc elements The
hoi table Is called throughout in tho
rubrics the altar or the holy altar The
officiating Drclates not only wear cones
but put them on in public as part of tho
ceremony
Thern nre onlv elcht communicants the
sovereign the Archbishop the Dean of
Westminster the eplstoller the gospeller
tho preacher and the two Bishops who
slnir the Litany The English Church uses
unction in this service oniy wmen nas
come down from the times of Charle
magne and Is contained In the Liber Re-
galls which was certainly not later than
13S0
In the Prussian rojal family the curious
custom exists of selecting some half n
dozen deserving j uung couples In July of
every year and to have them married in
the Garrison Church at Potsdam on the
anniversarj of the death of Queen
Louise of Prussia Of course careful en
quiry Is made into tno character and an
tecedents of the joung people Last
month the weddings took place at the
above named church In the presence of
Princess Mnrgarethc daughter of Prince
and Princess Trledrich Leopold of Prus
sia as eldest urmarrled princess of the
Prussian royal family Her royal high
ness received a special Invitation to the
nuptial ceremonies and afterward shoojfc
hands with each of the young brides Be
fore the wedding lite was performed the
ch to tho Kaiser de
livered an address extolling the virtues of
Queen Louise and at the close each of
the brides received a gift of 112 to pay
for her trousseau and a handsome family
Bible
COSIITUTIL Oil 1IIU COLUMBIVt
Of course the best American boat or
rather tho one the committee believes to
be the best all things considered will be
sent to meet the Shamrock IL But Is It
to bo tho Constitution or the Columbia
Can anyone forecast tho committees
choice At this late day with tho cup
races near at hand after months of rac
ing befycen tho old defender and the new
claimant for the honor Is It not strange
nnd somewhat disquieting that there Is no
settled Indication that our newest yacht
creation Is clearly the better boat to meet
tho challenger7
Is the Constitution a failure In the
preliminary races with the old Columbia
she barely won an even share of the
honors and yesterday In the first of the
official trial races was baten out and out
Put It to the average yachtsman of ex
perience and he will tell you that the Con
stitution is a distinct advance on previous
construction the more enthusiastic will
say she Is minutes faster over a thlrty
mllo course
What Is tho matter with her then The
crew tho sails or what Popular opinion
Is that something Is decidedly wrong
with the Constitution well above the
water line Will It cost us th cup If she
Is the defender and heroic measures are
not taken to remedy tho trouble New
Vork Herald
INFANTRY ARM PROBLEMS
When the present small calibre rifles
were first Introduced In the army there
were many criticisms on vill sides but
gradually the critics became silent and
the new weapon was accepted without
further objection
The outer form of tho vnrlous models
constructed between 1SS6 and 1SSS Is ma
terially different from that of earlier
types The addition of a Jacket or mantle
for the tube and the attachment of tho
magazine however were not conducive
to a convenient shape or the rifle al
though a more convenient form is much
desired by the soldier
In the last decade It has been found that
the outer Jacket could be dispensed with
and the weight thereby considerably re
duced at the same time giving the piece
a more manageable form
Reduction of weight has been the con
stant effort of tho manufacturer and in
ventor of lato years and it is greatly de
sired for service The present models
vary In weight from 8 pounds to 3Si
pounds the United States
weighing 9 25 pounds High authori
ties arc of the opinion that it is not ask
ing too much of manufacturers to have
this weight reduced to 715 pounds and
It Is believed that this will be the weight
of the Infantry rllle in the near future
The objection that this will Increase
the shock of recoil too much will not
hold as It can be overcome by finding a
proper propelling agent The Vetteril
gun model of 1S63 SI weighing 1014
pounds had a force of recoil of 12 metre
kilograms and did not Incommode the sol
dier The Mauser gun model 1S93 weigh
ing 87 pounds had a recoil force of but
OSS metre kilograms It is only a ques
tion of finding a propelling agent which
will give a practically constant pressure
while the projectile Is in the bore
It may be assumed aa quite certain that
in the near future the Infantry arm will
utilize the force ot recoil to open com
press and closo tho breech mechanlbin
Untll the proper propelling agent Is found
however It will be impossible to construct
a suitable Infantry arm of this kind-
The question of calibre has also come
up again The Spanish American and the
South African wars have shown that
small arm projectiles of 0236 0 276 and
0203 Inches diameter produce in the ma
jority of cases wounds which do not put
the wounded out of action even tempo
rarily not to speak of Incapacitating
them for a war or any considerable dura
tion
The surgeons of these wars are unani
mous in the opinion that these modern
projectiles are really as human as was
reported when they were first adopted
Even as early as the Graeco Turkish war
Dr Edmond Lardy reported that our
small arm projectiles did not arrest the
cavalry at all and the infantry only v ery
inadequately And Dr Hildebrandt sur
geon In the Royal Prussian Infantry re
ported In regard to the South African
war More than a third of the wounds
unless the projectile strikes a nerve or
large vessel which Is rare are so light
that the wounded are able to march on
and oven to continue to fire while the
pain Is scarcely felt In case of horses
even when fatally wounded thej can go
a considerable distance before breaking
down
The small calibre of course enables a
large number of rounds to be carried
but this Is of little advantage If the pro
jectile does not kill moreover to give
the piece the same life It must be made
thicker in the barrel consequently heavi
er and so the adantage of the small cal
ibre Is neutralized This refers to cali
bres below 75 ram as compared with
one of t rra Again the 8 millimetre pro
jectile with the same muzzle velocity
will be superior to tho smaller calibres
at long ranges because It will retain a
greater energy and will be less affected
by air currents acting across the plane of
fire
It may be possible perhaps to construct
guns of very small calibre under 03 Inch
which will fulfill all requirements but the
present Indications are that the rllle of
the future will have at least a 0 315 inch
bore and probably greater
The question of a practical sight Is at
least as Important as that ot calibre The
sight should be very simple in construc
tion admit of quick and certain adjust
ment for every range and of easy super
vision by the squad leaders and possess
an extended field of view Above all It
should admit of quickly catching the tar
get which would Indicate1 the open ring
sight as the best such for example as Is
used In sporting rifles where the same
quality of quickly catching the target
comes Into play Another requisite Is a
simple and reliable range finder since the
best sight may prove dead capital with
out X Finally there must be an arrange
ment to prevent firing too high It Is much
less Important to continually raise the
balllstlcvpower of a fire arm than It Is to
arrange it so that the soldier Is automat
ically compelled to fire approximately
right This matter has been referred to
by many high authorities of late The
Belgian Lieutenant dAout says- Give
tho soldier as soon as possible a gun
which approximately points itself Lieu
tenant General Rohne of the Prussian
army adds I consider It quite possible
to construct a rifle which can be fired only
at elevations under 3 or 5 degrees giving
a maximum range of 1970 yards and en
tirely preventing firing at elevations now
possible Of course this Is only for ordi
nary use there must also be a special ar
rangement to admit of the use of higher
angles It is believed that ordinarily no
range over 1750 yards will be required
and the modern graduations to 2100 yards
are of no practical use
The bolt and the movable but not de
tachable magazine will remain ns they
have proved their efficiency
The bayonet Is still essential but as It
has become a dagger in it3 use It will
have a shape to correspond
All bands etc will probably be made
of aluminum allovs such as magnallum
to reduce the weight
The small arm of the future will it Is
believed weigh about 715 pounds with
out bayonet its calibre will be 0 315 to
0 373 inch It will have a bolt block a
moveablo but not detachable magazine
holding five or six rounds a slmpe ring
slsht with an arrangement to prevent
firing too high and a pistol grip The
plates bands etc will of magnallum or
some similar light metal imd the baypnet
a four cotnercd dagger
This Is the weapon which the modern
authorities on tactics would like to see
In the hands of the Infantry soldier and
bellevi will be ere long
POLITICAL COMMENT
Admiral Howlson seems to be an ami
able old gentleman addicted to loquacity
and Incapable of directness In thought or
speech Ills mental equipment may be
all that Is required of a naval officer of
his rank but It would be Inadequate for
a justice of the peace Doubtless he
would be Impartial If he knew how but
his letter does not Indicate that he knows
how to think straight or to grasp the
essential point of a matter at Issue Phil
adelphia North American
It looks as If Germany can bo relied
upon to stand by Turkey as long as the
Sultan has a piastre left In his ammuni
tion chest Cleveland Plain Dealer
Some people have tried In years past to
spread the idea that Germans are lacking
in humor This theory the Germans are
continually refuting The manner In
which they submit to punishment because
of lack of respect for their Emperor and
his favorites shows conclusively that the
Germans will suffer much for a joke and
further that they contribute their full
share to the gayety of nations Chicago
Record Herald
After the members of the Chineso depu
tatlon agree to bring their heads In con
tact with the floor In front of the throne
the number of times required the ques
tion as to the variety of uniforms which
the Kaiser will wear upon that occasion
will havo to oe seuieu iiammore neraiu
There seems to be some doubt in the
average Missouri mind whether United
States Senator George G Vest who Is
not as young as he used to be would like
to succeed himself There Is no doubt at
all that there are several Missourians
who are more than willing to succeed him
Philadelphia Record
After sacrificing several lives by having
people bitten by mosquitoes infected with
yellow fever the doctors profess to believe
they have proved their theory This may
be comforting to the doctors but the vic
tims are not In a position to realize on
the value of tho discovery Omaha Bee
Mr Schwabs refusal to arbitrate the
steel workrs strike matter may bo based
upon a strong position but it Is a fact
nevertheless that the people of the United
States want a settlement or tne striKe
and will blame him for delaying
Springfield 111 New
it
V V
SOCIETY
k
In referring to the ItocScfeller AHrlch
engagement a writer In a New York Jour
nal has this to gay of the oil klr sa fu
ture daughter-in-law
Notwithstanding her fathers long resi
dence in Washington sho has passed most
ot her life In Providence where she was
born Usually In the winter she goes to
Aiken S C The great social jfnnctlans
of the Capital seemingly have ho chirm
for her although It has been stated thvt
Senator Aldrfch has taken a mansion In
Washington this winter and will enter
tain with Mrs Aldrich and his two
daughters Miss Lucy T and M13S Abby
as hostesses Heretofore the Aldrlchs
have lived at he Arlington Hotel anil
have done no enicrtalnlncr as -Mrs AM
rich nnd the girls have not -been In Wash
ington more than six months all told
during the long service of Mr Aldrich In
the Senate
Miss Aidtlchs fad Is a firm belief in tho
higher education of both sexes She is
thoroughly In harmony with the educa
tional Ideas of the Rockefellers She Is
devoted also to church work These fea
tures of Miss Aldrich s character in addi
tion to her great personal charm must
appeal to bcth her future husband and to
John D Rockefeller his father whose
financial support of the Baptist Church is
only equaled by the great gifts he makes
to the Chicago University of which he Is
virtually tho founder
Miss Aldrich Is not particularly fond of
outdoor sports although she shares Mr
Rockefellers love for horses She much
prefers to read a solid work on an educa
tional topic than to danc or attend a
dinner party Sho is tall graceful and a
charming talker
Miss Abby Aldrich whoso engagement
to Mr John D Rockefeller Jr was an
nounced recently has closed her visit to
Narragansett and with her father and
other members of ihrir family Is on
board the yacht Wild Duck In Newport
Harbor
Miss SopMs M Crandell of M Street
left Saturday for Bernhards Bay N T
En route she will v Islt New York Brook
lyn and other points of Interest In the
State
Dr W L Masterson left yesterday for
the Thousand Islands and adjacent points
He will return the latter part of this
month
Dr D Percy Hlckllng has returned from
a six weeks trip to the far West-
Mr and Mrs James G Blaine Jrrwho
have Just returned from Europe are tho
guests of Mrs Blaines parents Rear Ad
miral and Mrs Philip Hlchborn at the
Hotel Traymore Atlantic City
Capt L Mrriam and family TL S A
after spending a pleasant vacation at
Cape May Point have returned to tho city
and are temporarily located at 1221 K
Street
Miss Harriet A Hosmer and Miss Er
nestine S Chambers of Baltimore who
have just returned from the Pan-American
Lxposltlon are visiting Washington
for a few days
Mrs Mary E Chapman announces the
marriage of her daughter Cora to Mr
Paul Gibbons Monk The ceremony was
performed jesterday morning by Rev
Father Mackin at St Pauls Church
V Streets and was attended
only by the family Mr nnd Mrs Monk
left Immediately for a trip through the
South and upon their return will be at
home to their friends at 1415 Q Street
Mr and Mrs Tom J Landergren and
Mrs C C Walter and son left yesterday
morning for a visit to the Pan American
Exposition and a tour of the Great Lakes
They expect to return the latter part of
October
Miss Nellie Ready taughter of Mr
Morris Ready of I Street northeast was
one of -eleven j oung ladles who were pro
fessed as Sisters of the Immaculate
Heart of Mary last Thursday at the con
vent Villa Maria at West Chester -Pa
Sevtral relatives and friends of Miss
Ready -went from this city to wltnesss
the oremonies -
The marriage of Miss McRoberts to Mr
Tunstall will take place this evening at
the home of the bride
J William Palmer of the War Depart
ment has returned from an extended out
ing at Atlantic City nnd Cape MayX
Paymaster and Mrs Stephen Rand have
returned to the city after a visit of sev
eral days to President and Mrs McKIn
ley at Canton They also spent a few
days at the Pan American Exposition at
Buffalo-
DE3IOIIALIZATIOX IX TUG SAVT
The enforced resignation of Secretary
Alger and the appointment of a gentle
man of sound piofessloral training in his
place happily saved the army from the
demoralization that has come upon the
naval service under the McKlnley Admin
istration The navy is doubtless as effi
cient as ever but the lowering ot its old
standards of manly- honor is far more de
plorable than would be a decline in sea
manship And this is the result of polit
ical favoritism in the service
The older officers recognize this The
observation attributed to Captain For
sy th Is true whether he made it not
that the assignment of Captain Sampson
ox er the heads of his seniors was the be
ginning of evil In the navy It was the
first notice to the service that a pull
was more Important than achievement
The Navy Department took him under
its special protection and all Its authori
ty woj despotically exerted to push him
forward at the expense of the brave man
who had done the fighting Injustice was
supported by untruth It was made a
crime to be a friend of Schley a passport
to promotion to truckle to Crowninshield
The sory of Corbin and Eagan and Shatt
er against Miles and the army was re
peated In the navy and the President did
not interfere
lhe result of all this is shown in the
pitiatlo exhibition made by Admiral How
lson ills letter is unworxny oi an omcr
and a gentlemairT yet the Navy Depart
ment praises and flatters him for his sub
servient tergiversation His brother of
ficers must scorn him How a man ke
the brav e Watson feels about all this mis
erable lutrlgue has been clearly shown
Unckett would like to discipline Watson
if he dared as others hav e been
eu tor upnoming tne nonor ot tne navy
till those who will nut be sycophants are
silenced If the Clique who are running
the Navy Department with Secretary
Long succeed in their plot to condemn
Schley there will be an end of all popu
lar confidence In the honor of the navy
Philadelphia Times
MILLIONAIRES UNDER SUSPICION
Heretofore our millionaires have been
welcome visitors to Europe Their money
has been spent lavishly and they have
undoubtedly added to the wealth as well
as to the gayety of tho nations In the
last year or two however they have been
regarded with suspicion The balance of
trade has been against Europe and the
money of the Old World including that
which our Croesuses left there has been
steadily flowing to The United States
When nn American millionaire visits
Europe now the people fear that he has
come to spy out the land to Introduce a
competition in trade which they cannot
meet successfully perhaps to buy up
their industries and make them a Dart
of the Universal Trust with headquarters
in the United States From an American
point of view this Is enterprise of the most
admirable kind From the Europeans
nolnt of view It nans Industrial anarchy
for the Old World Is It strange that our
millionaires should be regarded with sus
picion abroad Baltimore Sun
THE PE SION ROLLS
If alt the fraudulent pensions were Cut
off Including all the deserters and bounty
jumpers and ninety day men who never
went out ot their own States and all the
widows who have married other men it
is probable that this addition to the pen
sion rolls of all who had been real soldiers
and had serv ed faithfully through the war
would add but little If any to the annual
appropriation for pensions And it It
adiKd millions more It would be well
worth the cost to purge the pension lists
of fraud and make them a roll of honor
and a place on it a mark of national grati
tude and respect 3t Paul Pioneer Press