The Pensacola journal., May 21, 1919, Page 8, Image 8

About The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985

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y
Daath pf Emiliano Zapata Has
." Removed Mexico's Most Ruthless
; i Destructionist and -Peace : Enemy
I
.'(By JACK NEVILLE)
CnaufTa, Mexico, ;lHay 3. The death of
Smiliano Zapata, removes Mexico's most
uthiess obstructionist and Implacable
ifief-ijr of peaceful regeneration.
Now, on the wreckage of -his empire,
' re the "rebel chief laughed . at eiviil
:t ton land played his huge bolshevik joke
r; 100,000 .confiding- workers. General
"ablo Gonzalez is placing- firm underpln
i:ns for .freedom and progress.
Here in "the world's richest garden sp?t
vhere exploited humanity has been kept
pccrest, - and where Zapata "gave" 'iin
naif -savage' foilawers . the land only to
:cmandeer all crops here the peon ia for
the first' time in 'Centuries enjoying the
fruits of his'toil and supporting instead cf
hating the rgovernment.
MwlcQ.has.no mote dramatic or sig
nificant story -for Americans than this
f.ower springing from the heel prints of
a barbarian; -
1 am the. first American newspaper man
to enter-;apataJand.
"Escorted by . soldiers, riding on trains
and horseback,. I came a few days ago
to the portals' of Mexico's bloodiest defile
behind which the rebel leader had hsld
out", since 1909 and from which he had
t$ce-sained with hia ferocious forces to
occupy Mexico City.
-Scattered bands Btill prowl the- hills,
Bjwl there is still some danger. ' At the
IvfAd of the pass our bugler called. An
answering "all's well" came from Car
rpjza's videttes, and. following Oenerai
Q&stavo Elizondo, former roughrlder with
Jioesevelt, our-party: advanced, v
grizzled Indian sergeant told mo
6Fambuscades. Here a whole regiment
had been annihilated by Zapatistas laat
year; there a troop of ii federals Had
been wiped out. and further along a
rffndful of soldiers had cut their way
tfij-ough 600 Indians; . last New T-ear's
day, '
'en miles beyond the Moody portals we
drew rein. Below us swept the sunny
plain of Morelos. with tovers of ruined
eitgar- mills, of churches and baronial "
tates rising above the trees.
. femiling peons were planting the flplds.
their wives looking at us emarraid. Chll
d.n,. half nakea. romped gleefully.
These were the people; most pf thfm
stfrrendered Zapatistas, who a year ago,
with hunger and age-old hatred, were
committing unspeakable atrocities undtr
the savage guidance of the former plan
tation stirrup-boy.
"Gonzalez, a man with " a vision, had
steady Jobs with -giod; 'pay arwTehcrt
hours. It won! ' - '
Here is what Gonzalez "did:
Seized 265 acres from . the hacienda
bordering Cuautla and told ' the oer
crowded people to. buHd liomes. y '.
Gave them protection1 irom
find marauder. ". . ' " "V:Y '
Reduced the '" fourteen hourr warking
. ... .--a raii the wage
from fifty centavos to from-one- dollar 10
a dollar and a half, . '
Opened : schools.,. 'hired - lTvery
doubled their sajarles and put-.,ever
child to studying,'.
Told' the fifteen owners or -trators
of the entire state ofMory
would have to get out .of hecountry..
rermltted individuals to lease th rt
haciendas from the ownPfxeS
nominal ret and guarantee ng all ta xes
Permitted peons who .wished to
themselves to occupy unlimited portions
ft the Plantations.'.
To the aamini8traiui u ui. -
tates he submitted a plan to fraction
the land. He told themrineir n.
was gone, but promised iir 1-. -,;
tlon They accepted !
ctotoi some of which were
originally given to courtiers by tne Span
ish crown and whictv during
nnt seen, are . bems
divided into farms of from ten to ,1.000
acres. No man Is to own less man s
nor more than 1,000. ...
The land is to sell at from ten to one
hundred dollars an acre, according to Its
location and water supply. - A peon may
buy by tpailP. one-tenth dojyn. tfte bal
ance byvintallpieitj,J,"yrs'-N
JKe peon is-to mortgage .fir.. sell Ms 13 n
because Gonzalez believes few. landowners
will participate in uncalled for rebellion.
v,o nianoii rn hnrnras the surbulent
Balasaa river and to furnish water, llghti
and power to the entire state., ne. no
planned an electric line to traverse the
state and connect with the lnterurbans
just outside Mexico City.
He Is teaching intensive farming to the
former Zapatistas, and, by means, of lec
tures, and movies, ijfr showing th Indian
the progrss-'oX the clymied worjd; Hjfe
has organized banfls tb furnish fVtusic to
the Indians not doJefuL weepy stuff, but
gladsome energy-supplying jazz.
He is furnishing free transportation to
the state for colonists and their freight,
has appointed civil administrative offic
ials and has made the Surianos their own
policemen. Hospitals, climes and free
markets have been erected. -
' - .
1 1 .
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General Emiliano Zapata, Mexico's apostle of terrorism, and recently officially
reported-to have "been killed by' Carranjias troops, was a former plantation stirrup-boy
who at the aenlth of bis rebel Power, gained temporary control of Mexico
City. Twice since 1M0, when lie began his revolt In Morelos, he and his Indian
followers took possseslon of the capital for nine years he ravaged southern Mex
ico, co-operating for a time In 1914 wit h Villa. He was the .most implacabla
enemy of peaceful reconstruction throu gh several regimes. .Poor, uneducated,
primitive but magnetic, Zapata was the "leader of Mexico's half-savage Indians In
Whose power he -Banned to place control of -, the - country. Toward the last he
was little more than a hunted renegade, and is reported t0 "have been killed hy
strategy of troops operating under Oene ral Pablo Gonzalez in MorelosJ
vwrought the transformation with plows
tn place of guns, bread instead of butch
. ery. ? - -
I talked with him at his headquarters
a heavy, quiet man with piercing black
eyes.' I talked with Colonel Ignacio San
chez. Niera, graduate of the Chicago
school of ..medicine-, and with . Generil
Klizondo, former American cavalryman
ami miner in Nevada and Alaska.
These three men, Americanized, pro
gressive, fores igh ted, . are converting a
principality with -100,000 souls into the
firm bulwark of a regenerated Mexico.
"Here," -said Gonzales, with a wide
sweep of his hand, "where the soil ts
the richest in the world, its tillers., nave
eiways been kept poorest and most mis
erable. ". ' ' ' " "
"They are now4 having their first
chance. It is hard for any one but them
to comprehend just what that means
bread enough, freedom, happiness."
Before I went' out among the people,
Gonzale told me the history of Morelos
and the Surano ' Indians one ' of tyranny
of the hacendados; of destruction by
Zapata; of his own practical plans of re
construction. He Aold me of the richeness of Morelos
Boll; with two heavy crops a year, some
times four; of land paying the agricul
turist four hundred for one!
Where other generals of varolus
regimes had failed to subdue the Suria
nas with campaigns of terror Gonzale
had come with a plan of conciliation.
Amnesty was proclaimed. The Sur
ianos were told to surrender, their arms,
receive a bonus of ten dollars Tor each
gun, seed, farming implements, a tern
norarw division of certain lands and
" He has impressed the Indian that there
will be no monopolies.
I heard him refuse to permit a ' hotel
keeper to open a . second hotel . when his
original hostelry became overcrowded.
Nothing that savors of monopoly," he
told the man. ",.' ,
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000 MILE JWL
ii3 O)
CMJORIAL DAY
WAS HELD.
ii
TOE SECTOR
SALVATION ARMY STARTED DEC
ORATION OF GRAVES OF. FIRST
AMERICANS TO FALL IN WORLiD
WAR. - " ' .'r ' : '! V
The first American boys killed in
action were buried in - the Toul sec
tor. It was drawing near to Decora
tion Day. The Kfrst Division had been
transferred back to the Toul sector
after the German offensive had been
checked in the Montdidier sector, and
naturally the .Salvation Army was
transferred . with it. All the huta we
had established in the first Toul Sejcs
tor days had . been maintained, and"
we established two additional huts be
tween Font and Nancy. vTe felt there
should be some memorial for the boys
buried "orer there," so orders were
sent across seas, accompanied with
American flags, and all the Salvation
Army workers at the front prepared
to hold memorial services on. Decora
tion Day. One of our grits writin;
home, told - what they- were going to
do In . Treveray. The letter came; to
the captain of the "company for cen
sorship. - He asked permission to help
and said he would like the ; company
to be present.
- There were five American boys
buried in the cemetery at Treveray.
Thir - regiments had passed on. , and
the graves had only-the crude wooden
crosses to mark them. Theday before
Memorial Day three.--of our - women
"workers went to this cemetery, raked
away the dead ? leaves and smoothed
the mound over each grave. The fol
lowing morning they gathered red
poppies, snowballs and blue bachelor
buttons which they arranged in bou
quets of red, , white and blue in old
apple tins, in lieu of vases, and placed
on the graves,- in the 'presence of the
commanding general and his men..
,One of the older. woin.en . whohad
sons - of. her own, ..then, asked perrnis--sion
i to ; follow the.-custom, of the.. "Sain
vationists 4n offering prayer for the
bereaved. J.s she finished that pray
there was scarcely a dry eye among
all that company of brave men.
After the firing1 squad had fired
five volleys over the graves, and taps
had been sounded, the Salvation Army
lassies remained to perform - a. last
service -to the-dead.' -They took photo
graphs of tho graves which were? sent
to Washington with- the request- uj'al
they be forwardedto relatives, of the
boys buried at Treveray.
At Menil-la-Tour eighty -one Amer
ican boys 'were buried. Here a simple
platform was built A in" the center of
the burial ground, with a flagpole at
one eiidV Two irogimentaV bands -took
up - their positions." ,'A11 the SVench
people in the town had turned out to
witness the service. They - stood just
outside , the little cemetery where "the
Cross and Y? M. . C A. workers. It
was an impressive sight as they all
stoop with bared heads undmindf ul
of the shells the Germans were send
ing across. " Some bf the French offl-.
cers presented . a wonderful wreath,
'which Was placed at' the foot of "the
flagpole. Major General ,5 Traub,Ac.fol
lowed by the .lassies with the flags , in
their arms, passed down the long rows,
of graves, the girls Slipping a flag in
a staple at the back of. each little
wooden cross, then pausing for the
salute. - .. :. -.
The general's address as he stood
facing the west, with the thunder of
guns reminding everyone there would
be more graves to decorate, -Twill long
be remembered. : -- -!:. : r .
r"Out there in direction Is Washing
ton,' he said, indicating, the west-"and
the president, and all the people in
the 'United States, who are looking
to you to set the world free from
tyranny. Over there are the mothers
who bade you goodbye with tears and
sent you forth, and are waiting at
home and praying for you, trusting in
you. Out there are the sisters and
sweethearts you have left behind,- all
depending on you to do your best ior
the; right. Now, turn and - salute
America! y' " ' ' ' ;.'
The band softly played ''My'.' Country.
'Tis of Thee," as the salute was
given. . . " "-' -' '. . .
In BonvilUers a large field had been
turned over to the Americans for a
cemetery. An arch had been placed
over tne gateway, inscribed. National
Cemetery of the American Expedition
ary Forces," and here were over two
hundred graves. The "military band
headed a parade through the - streets.
soldiers were lined up with the Redln the parade were many French wom
en and French children with flowers
and wreaths.' Arrived a the cemetery
the military major made a most im
pressive addrees in both French and
English. The French women and
children took their places, one at each
grave,, and 'pJaced their wreaths and
bouquets . of , tri-colored flowers, . the
Salvation Army lassies following with
the flags. ; In one corner of the ceme
tery were two German graves, w-hich
everybody neglected, till one of the
Salvation Army lasses placed some
flowers, on these also.
. One of the Salvation Army lassies
in crossing the fields at La Folie
found three American graves still un
decorated, so she gathered the tri
colored flowers from the fields and laid
them ' on the graves. -
CENTURY.
Misses Ethel Hayes and Rosa Baker,
two of our teachers, went to Mobile
to enjoy the festivities of welcoming
the 167th home. They report a most
inspiring and beautiful spectacle. -
Friends of Mr. and Mrs. C. Carter
are glad to know that their little
daughter, Mildred is -improving after
ah- operation at the Tuberville Infirm
ary. . ,
::- Mr. -and . Mrs. TV. S. Hamblin, Mr.
and . Mrs. Walter1 McDavid and Mrs.
Joe Harrison motored to Coon HH1
tc attend. the funeral of Mr. E. V. Mc
Caskill on Sunday evening. Mr. Mc
Cask ill was interred with Masonic
honors. . '
Mr,. Andrew Smith, of Demopol's,
Ala was the , guest last Sunday, of
his aunt, Mrs. Oscar Jeter, of West
Century. -
Miss Azolene Harverd, our young as
sistant postmastress has returned after
a recent visit to friends in Alabama.
Miss Mary Moylan who' Is employed
InMoMle was a visitor to homefolkf
recently. . ' ' ..- : "'-"
Miss Burgess one of our efficient
teachers ;wa a visitor to Mobile dur
ing the recent- celebration on the re
turn 'of the troops. . T s.
Mr. Harry McDavid, of Oak Grov
was a recent visitor to his parent
in West Century. ." "
Mr. Marv Lvnrh.' who has been vis
iting 'her daughter, Mrs. Boardma
Vaughn, of Pensacola, has return
home. ' -
Mrs. XValter- "M .Tiavid is visitin;
relatives and friends in Pensacola.
Friends of Mr! .Toe Frank' Nelson i
delighted to learn that he will soon l
home as he has arrived from oversf
Miss Marie Crary, of Blurt Spring
ynis the guest of relatives in yenw.
for the week end. 1 r " A
Rev. Samuel Trotter and Mr.
Williams motored to Brewton last "e?
to attend conference.
Mrs. Keith Graham, of Walnue Bi'
was the guest of Mrs. Taylor "
liams and Mrs. S. W. Coiey, of K
Centurj last week. ,
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