The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette., June 11, 1910, Page 427, Image 15

About The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920

Image provided by: Mississippi Department of Archives and History

                
★ FRUIT, TRUCK and VEGETABLES *
Cabbage* Running to Seed.
A number have asked why the cab
bages they planted last fall have
bloomed and seeded instead of mak
ing heads. There are several reasons
for this.
1. Planting the wrong sorts. The
only varieties that should be set In
the fall are the sugar-loaf sorts, like
the Wakefield. Any of the flat-head
ed sorts are apt to run to seed.
2. Too early sowing in the fall,
and getting the plants too far ad
vanced at setting time so that the
serious check has this effect on them.
I,ate in September is early enough to
sow the seed, provided they are not
allowed to suffer from lack of water,
but are kept growing right along till
time to set out.
3. Betting on tho south side of
ridges is responsible for much of the
blooming. The plants are then start
ed in growth, and checked again by
me return or corn, anu mo morning
sun striking them when frozen, gives
further check If it does not kill them,
and these checks to grow th cause the
running to seed. The place to set
cabbage plants In the South is on the
north side of ridges running cast and
west. Set the plants so deep thnt
the entire stem Is under ground, and
they will be kept dormant all winter
and will head well In spring.
It is not the degree of cold that
injures them, but the alternate freez
ing and thawing on the south side.
W. P. MASSEY.
Killing "Hugs."
I have been troubled with
bugs In my garden and can't
find any way to destroy them.
I can’t have any success with
beans. A little green bug with
black spots eats them up, and
a black bug with yellow spots
sucks my collards to death. If
you know anything that will de
stroy them, would be glad to
know. MK8. T. A. T.
(Answer by l’rof. W. K. Massey.)
Dust your beans over with plaster
and tobacco dust mixed together.
The harlequin bug that sucks the
cabbages is a tough customer. The
best way to mnnuge him Is to sow
rows of mustard between the cab
bage rows. They are fond of this,
and If It Is thero before the cab
bages, they will collect on It and can
be killed by sprinkling the row of
plants with kerosene, killing plants
and bugs too.
Kerosene emulsion will kill them,
but has to be made so strong that
It hurts the cabbages, too. There is
an artlclo on Bale, "scaleclde,” that Is
Intended to kill scale Insects, and 1
think It probable that It will kill the
cabbage bugs. You can get it from
seedsmen anywhere.
Wool) Aphis.
if an orchard is Infested with
twig aphis is there any danger
of their ever becoming the root
aphis? And if a treo Is Infested
with tho root aphis, what are
tho symptoms? O. 11. I*.
(Answer hy Prof. W. F. Massey.)
Tho aphides, or lice, that get on
the apple twigs In spring aro distinct
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from the wooly or gray aphis that
gets on the roots.
I’ut plenty of tobacco stems in the
soil and there will be no aphides.
1'or the aphides on the tops spray
with a strong tobacco tea. A tree
that is infested with the root aphis
will be rather unthrifty and the in
sects can be found on the roots.
Hints on Home Canning.
I have tried many kinds of cans,
but for home use I like the glass
can with an acid-proof top best. The
glass cans cost more but will last a
life time with careful handling.
The tin cans are useless after be
ing emptied and while filled will
rust. Glass cans will keep the con
tents indefinitely.
My advico is to buy plenty of glass
cans with acid-proof tops, fill these
with the best fruits, vegetables and
pickles, preserves, Jellies, Juices and
CHEAP LIME FOR SOUTHERN SOILS.
Over Large Areas of Mississippi and Alabama There is an
Abundant Supply of Lime Rock That Could Be Ground and
Put on the Cars for Seventy-Five Cents a Ton.
THE FADDIST is ever abroad In
this land and age, but just now
lime is being prescribed for all
the ills of worn and unproductive
soils. This, ns most fads, has some
truth as the basis for its existence.
Many lime soils are rich and many
soils deficient in carbonate of' lime
are Infertile. Soils rich in lime, pro
viding they possess certain other
qualities, are especially adapted to a
wide range of varieties of crops, par
ticularly the grasses and legumes,
which are the essentials of soil Im
provement. Lime alone will not
make a productive soil, and many
soils are highly productive without
large quantities of carbonate of lime:
but lime is of great Importance In
relation to the upbuilding of South
ern soils, and other things being
equal, the soils rich in cabonate of
lime are much to be preferred. Ex
cept in limited areas, Southern soils
are generally deficient in carbonate
of lime and consequently an unusu
ally large per cent of our soils is
sour and in such mechanical or phys
ical condition ns to be greatly bene
fitted by liberal applications of lime.
Many parts of the South are so far
distant from the areas of lime rock
that the high cost of transportation
renders lime for agricultural purpos
es available ouly a prohibitive prices.
Where lime rock is abundant the
soils are usually highly impregnated
with lime and there is no need of
additional applications; while those
regions far removed are not able to
pay the necessary freight charges in
addition to the original or first cost
of the lime. Calcium oxide or burn
ed lime, has generally been used, but
w hen the cost of the lime and freight
charges cause it to cost the farmer
above, say $t.00 a ton, it becomes too
high for agricultural use, except on
certain otherwise valuable soils
which are sour, or for special crops.
Of late there has been a decided in
crease In the use of ground lime rock
or carbonate of lime. The burned
lime Is possibly better for correcting
acidity of soils, but It has no advan
tages which should give it preference
over finely ground lime rock at say
about one-half the price when laid
down ou the farm. In general terms
the ground lime rock is more than
half as valuable as burned lime; but
the transportation and handling costs
are greater on two tons of ground
Hme rock than on one ton of burned
or caustic lime.
meats. This is where the profit comes
in canning.
I tried beans, peas and corn for
four years. Lost all every time. At
last I learned how to keep these as
easily as fruit.
The preservation of foods by can
ning depends on absolute steriliza
tion. The flavor depends on selec
tion of foods and length of time
cooked. Poorly flavored foods cannot
be made good by canning, and good
foods may be rendered flavorless by
canning, and yet be preserved.
For exhibition, it takes the best of
foods, work, patience, endurance and
perseverance.
I have used three methods of can
ning. Cooking foods in jars in the
oven; cooking in jars in boiling
water, and stewing before it is put in
the jars. I like the food cooked in
the jars in water bath best.
Sugar improves the flavor of most
fruits. Salt helps to preserve most
vegetables.
MRS. C. S. ARCHER.
Lee Co., Miss.
In eastern Mississippi and western
Alabama is a large area where soft
or rotten lime rock is abundant and
crops out on the surface at numer
ous points, making it easily obtain
able. For instance, this town of
Starkville, Miss., is situated on a de
posit of lime rock something like 800
feet deep, and along the line of the
Mobile and Ohio Railroad in this
State are numerous places where the
lime rock is abundant at the surface.
This soft lime rock can be ground
and put direct on the cars from the
crusher at a cost of 75 cents a ton,
and with a satisfactory freight rate
could be delivered to any part of Ala
bama and Mississippi at a price such
as would make it profitable for gen
eral use by the farmers of these
States. Here is an opportunity for
the development of a paying enter
prise by the railroads, or in co-opera
tion with the railroads, by any indi
vidual who will properly e^uip a
plant for grinding the soft rock, so
abundant in this section.
As stated, many of our soils need j
this lime and with it in such abund
ance right here in our midst it does
seem strange that a greater use of
it does not rapidly develop.
BEES; BEE SUPPLIES
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HOME CANNER COMP ANT .HICKORY. NORTH CAROLINA.
UMJE PANNERQ REVIEW "‘“'s.'e. a
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tlb J 4Z i
Value of the Soy Beau.
Messrs. Editors: The soy bean is
one of our most valuable crops. In
making this statement I do not un
der-rate the cowpea. Our farmers al
ready know the value of the cowpea,
but the soy bean is not so well known
and therefore is not appreciated as it
should be. I have never fed hay that
stock relished more than soy bean
hay. It will grow in almost any kind
of soil, from the stiffest clay to the
lightest sand, from our dryest lands
to lands that are too wet to grow
cowpeas. It is a crop that we can
well afford to get acquainted with.
Plant them until the middle of
June, or later. If sowed broadcast for
hay, use from 4 to 5 pecks per acre.
If planted in rows from 2% to 3 feet
apart, a half bushel per acre will
suffice. If they fail to make a satis
factory growth, examine the roots
and see if the bacteria containing
nodules are on them. If they are
not, procure soil from some field
where they do make a satisfactory
growth and apply as for other le
gumes and the trouble will likely dis
appear. T. B. PARKER.
Crimson Clover Makes Good Bee
Pasture.
Messrs Editors: I am a strong
believer in crimson clover for two
reasons: It improves the soil, and
it makes fine bee pasture. I never
miss having plenty of fine honey
when I have crimson clover. I also
sow cow peas every year. I raise my
own seed of peas by planting a piece
of ground and cultivating them.
J. H. PERSINGER.
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