The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette., August 27, 1910, Page 592, Image 4

About The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920

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$500 More a Year farming: How to Get It
BY BETTER METHODS OF SOWING WHEAT AND OATS.
If Land is to Be Broken, It Should Be Done Early—Don’t Sow
Until a Good Seed Bed Has Been Made—Slipshod Methods of
Seeding Mean Poor Crops.
By Tut Butler.
IN OUR LAST article we discuss
ed the breaking of the land for
oats and wheat, but perhaps
too much attention can not be given
to the importance of a finely pulver
ized, compact seed bed. Our falls
are generally dry, and while this ap
plies more especially to the Gulf
States, it is also a factor to be con
sidered in the Southeastern States.
For this reason the preparation of
the seed bed for fall sowed crops be
comes an especially important mat
ter and one requiring the exercise of
more care and judgement than is
usually given to it.
If the land can be broken and well
pulverized early in the fall, say a
mcnth or more before seeding time
and then harrowed after each rain,
sufficient moisture will be stored, an
average year, to insure the seed ger
minating and coming up to a good
stand. The thorough pulverizing of
the soil compacts it sufficiently to
put it in condition to absorb all
moisture that is likely to fall and
the harrowing keeps the surface
broken bo as to prevent large loss or
this moisture by evaporation. The
presence of large quantities of weeds,
grass, or other vegetable matter on
the land is frequent cause of failure
to prepare the seed bed in such
manner as to retain the necessary
moisture. If the growth of vegeta
ble matter be large, it will be dry
weather cause the soil to remain
loose and open, even though it be
turned under thoroughly. Disking
before breaking, or mowing the
growth and then disking, will put it
in much better condition for being
mixed with the soil; but if this can
not be done, or is not done, then it
should be completely turned under
and the land thoroughly disked and
harrowed after the breaking, in or
der to compact or settle the soil.
On every farm there should be a
roller and for no purpose will it be
found more valuable than for com
pacting the land on which wheat
and oats are sowed. It may be used
before or after sowing the grain, but
preferably before. If used after
seeding a light harrowing should be
given immediately after the rolling
to prevent the great loss of moisture
which will take place from the
smooth surface produced by the
roller.
Time to Seed and Quantity to Use.
The best time for seeding is so
variable in different years and in
different parts of our territory that
no definite advice can be given that
will suit all, but a few general Bug
►gestion may be made. While too
early seeding of wheat in those sec
tions infested with the Hessian fly
will render it more subject to the
ravages of this pest and such early
seeding of both wheat and cats as to
cause too large a growth before
cool weather comes is objectionable;
still, we have noticed that oats and
wheat sowed sufficiently early to ob
tain a fair growth and become thor
oughly rooted give much better re
sults than when sowed so late that
cold weather comes on before suffi
cient growth has been made to en
able the plants to become well estab
lished. Throughout the greater part
of our territory probably from Octo
ber 15 to November 15, for wheat,
preferably by November 1, and from
October 15 to November 1, for oats,
are about the best periods for sow
ing these crops.
The quantity of seed depends
somewhat on the variety or size of
the grains, and the fertility of Hie
land; but the best yields of wheat
are probably made from around 1 %
bushels of seed per acre—1 bushel
to 1 % bushels is about right. For
oats heavier seeding is required,
but the quantity used by good oat
growers varies considerably. Some
use as much as 3 and even 4 bushels
per acre, but from 2 to bushels to
2 % bushels per acre should be am
ple. When sowed broadcast by hand
a little more seed should probably
be used than when put in with a
grain drill.
It Pays to Use a Grain Drill.
With the inoreasing acreage which
is being put into wheat and oats and
the prospect for still larger acreages
being sowed every year, we advise
that farmers plan for the buying of
grain drills for putting Jn the oats,
wheat and other small seeds. Better
yields are obtained by seeding with
drill than from hand sowing. The
cost is too great for one farmer who
only puts in a few acres, but one
drill will do the work of a half dozen
or more such farmers, and there Is
no reason why they should not com
bine in the purchase of sinch imple
ments. Of course, any farmer hav
ing 25 or more acres to sow to oats,
wheat or rye, etc., can afford to own a
drill, but smaller farmers would find
it more economical to combine for
the purchase of such implements that
are only used for a few days in the
year. We are rather partial to the
disk drills with attachments for com
pressing the soil on the seed, but any
of the several hundred grain drills
on the market will do satisfactory
work. No manufacturer will put his
money into the manufacturing of im
plements until he has demonstrated
they will do good work, and if any
farmer buys one and does not get
satisfactory results the fault is much
more likely to be his lack of knowl
edge of how to manage it than any
defect in the implement. In the
Southeastern States where oats win
ter kill more than in the Gulf States,
the open furrow method of sowing
is becoming more popular. Our trav
els, even in this latter section, how
ever, convinced us that the open fur
row method of sowing oafes should
be adopted throughout the entire
south. As many, or more, oats will
be produoed when winter killing does
not occur, but more or less winter
killing occurs everywhere during all
seasons, and in such cases the open
furrow method of seeding is unques
tionably superior.
The Open Furrow Method.
The objections to the open furrow
method are the absence of an imple
ment that will enable the man with
two or more horses to sow his crop 1
rapidly and economically, and the
rough condition in which the ground
is left. The latter objection is large
ly removed by running a smoothing
harrow over the land in the spring.
The seed being deposited in the bot
tom of a comparatively deep furrow
and only lightly covered come up
well, are protected by the sideB of
the furrow from frost and the fall
ing in of the soil from the furrow
prevents the spewing which so often
ruins the stand ot oats when sowed
on the level.
-- -
Our advertisers are guaranteed.
SPECIAL INSTRUCTION FOR MIS
SISSIPPI PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
In his circular letter of instruc
tion to County Superintendents of
public schools, State Superintendent
J. N. Powers say6:
“Supt. W. H. Smith, formerly of
Holmes County, has been employed
as State Supervisor of Elementary
Rural Schools. His office is In the
Capitol and all mail should be ad
dressed to him here. He is ready to
co-operate with you in working out
your school problems. His services
are free to the State. I feel confi
dent that his work will quickly
bring about a more definite and
thoroughly organized rural school
system. I trust yon will give him
your earnest co-operation.
"Miss Susie V. Powell will con
tinue to give her sea-vices to the pro
motion of School Improvement
Work. Her work during the past
year has brought about most grati
fying results. In fact, no education
al work in the State has aroused
more interest, and been productive of
more good to the cause than the or
ganization of School Improvement
Associations. Her salary is provided
for, but it will be necessary for the
counties to take care of her antual
traveling expenses.
rror. j. u. rant, rermerly Super- i
intendent of the city schools of Me
ridian, has been employed by the
University of Mississippi as Profes
sor of Secondary Education. He will
co-operate with you in the establish
ment of high schools, advise with
you in regard to the affiliation of
such schools with ths University, and
in general promote high school edu- j
cation throughout the State.
“Prof. C. A. Cobb, of the Agri
cultural College, is a 8paclal Agent
in Charge of Boys’ Cora Club Work
in Mississippi and will co-operate
with you in the organization of these
clubs in the various counties. He
is, also, Official Inspector of Agri
cultural High Schools, and he will
be pleased to advise with the prlncl-j
pals and teachers of th<tte schools
in regard to their work.
“Dr. W. S. Leathers, ef the Uni
versity, has been employed as Direc
tor of Public Health and Sanitation,
especially in the schools of the State
He will also seek to eradicate the
ravages of the hookworm. He ad
vises me that he will be pleased to
co-operate with the schools through
out the State in the furtherance of
his work.
“President H. L. Whitfield, of the
Industrial Institute and College, is
seeking through his faculty to Im
prove the homeH in Mississippi.
ALMOST NEW I
AUTOMOBILE
FOR SALE
A roadster, 2T> horae power, used hardly
enough time* to ahow the dirt on the
tire*. Hava bought a linger car of unit
make, and therefore will diapone of thin
Roadster at a prirede. id.- ily inU-renUng
If I can And a purchaaer at onae
Add rasa
G. B. ALDRICH,
33 Dayton Ava , Dayton Ohix
—1——
Household economics, the beautify
ing of the home, the lightening of
the burdens of the home-maker, well
prepared foods, the proper nursing
and care of the sick, home sanita
tion and kindred subjects will be dis
cussed by the members of his faculty
when called upon by the different
counties. This work should always
co-operate with that of the women's
clubs in your county. Our school
improvement work is also iu close
touch with this movement. Presi
dent Whitfield will bo pleased to an
swer all communications in regard
to this important work."
Every rural teacher should get
into close touch with all these agents
and utilize the work of all for the
advancement of his or her commun
ity. And the employment of such
a corps of trained specialists is a
good example for other States to
follow.
Our advertisers are guaranteed to
do as they premia*.
Breeder's Cards
AND
Farmers* Exchange
W« will inaart adm for cm Prorwitw Far
mar and Oaaatta raadar* In this dapartmant
and in Ihia atpU tjrpa at tha rata of 4 canta a
wort for on* wot*. two arta « cant* a wort:
thraa wot**. * rant*; four WOT*a. |0 <anU;
thra# man tha SO canta: ala month*. SO canta:
on«> poor. K> canta. Each wort numbar or Initial
(inctudtn* nama and addraaai ranatad aa a aa
parata wort. Sand cnah with artar. If tha
raU aaaana blab, ranambw it would ooart IhS)
far pertatr* aloo# to aand poor ad. hp Uttar to
"*<'h teh W<liCh w* cmrr7 H •* th* *•»
Shropshire Ram. for aai*. C A McOure. Can
ton. Mik>.
Pure bred W hit- t'heeler Pica for aaie. O D
\ arnado. 0*>ka. Mtaa.
CVrtcaHrmnd Pur>». ft each. i» pa* pair. W
M R*er». Macon. M !**
Poland China Pira fleet hreedinc are! feed lac.
T 11 Jonoa. Orrvtlle. Ala
Keren Rip-Rap Pupa for aale. leo dollar* each.
W Short Herman* 111® U •
Pure-biod Rarnhouitlet Ram* Graham A Me
CorquodaK <*r»hAin. T«iaa.
line Kambouillet Rama: aleo Shropshire Ram..
Jaa Harrojr, Pwkvltla Mi*.
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pf'l** Hrwn f-r *«W Write
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Resci.lered Poland Chi*. I',,,. „f ,h. fin—
Iwcedin*. Windham A Viler*. l.lUott. Mta.
for Sale '-'It-Acre Farm, two miW* *.-uth of
Kupora. half bottom Addraea H Kamel. lupoen.
Iliril . Y°'"'* S.ul,u n •**<1 •lark. Take Saddle
Ten** W B°r‘ *'* •»»»•«. Adam**ille.
Wani«i Huyer* fur nlre. new. «0 pound Feath
"bicui* N ,C°a0' n>C Slokam KumltureCo. Rur
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dll^n. k*i V,riCV 1° ,,'~l *W< Weevil con
dltiona. Jno lx Ixird. Hrrmanvdla. Mm*
HdreT^T f°r..“1e 1-2 »«• l»» depots
( d y 1"m Kle*on mile* Meridian.
U «i tmprmreno.nu. <;.« c Hu*.n.„n. Haalc.
uy™U,n/'' l*suUfol. healthy; ltarr«l
SaTl.fac. "1Pn’ “ * •’*' h Younir one* lew each.
CUy*Mu£ “ l> f .te*. Calhoun
farmers wiahirur new hum®* are intii-d to look
Tzriizr;^'>n ' »*.n.h i£r.
or thl* land thla *®asun !,.■ pro.lu-.-d pi bbls of
w;K,r;rr*:***•»«■£ '»-*»«
T II (id m v ' i*4*?**1 K*<®llent stock range.
I a. Odom. French SatUament. U.
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