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The Southern Farm Gazette '* You ran toll by a nian'a (arm whrtbrr br rrada It nr nut , - — - ■ "■■■ " " ■ ——- I Endcr the Editorial and ftuiinets Management of DR. T AIT BUTLER. STARKVILLF., - - - - MISSISSIPPI. Cl.MtKNt I'. It. P"P, • \h*wkiat* Knrrn* »m> pHor. W. V. M \ SSI V..t AT« Knmm ItMliKHT S. F» *1 STAIN. • • i hh ah-i IUi »»*«MATnr OFFICES i ItALKKill. N. C. STAHKVIUiK. MISS. To rlth«r <>t whlrh « »mmnnlr*U«n regarding AdvertUIng or‘•ubaerli tl -ha ma> t*e V d.1reA,A<v1 nimfio oFFirK: am i>K\uium\* stiikkt lr pati on jour label U not rhanrfvt «1thln three ion aft« r you remit. ji**Ae notify ui at *nre. I sti urn at ltalrlgh i» iAt«*fTlre aa •«r<a.n'1 rtaA* mall matur 1 ini h* »"M Pi mu a71< *» ah<ul4 I-*• a!4rr**rvi to **tarA A lHe. VI ikAlk*:i pi And After You Have Bought the Machine. r-X-H FT Kit jroo have bought a 7*. rator or a <1! r plow or .a ti.anur. *; r* a U * or any other Implement, the n« a* th1.* r* t ronulder It* h"W jmi are to get the moat out of tt Good machinery cost* money. and It is the poor « Ht fort «if KODOtny to put X whole lot < f } into a machine. and then fall to to get the best M rvlre out of it And to g< t the to st '’‘rrlco tw< things are absolutely essential I. \ f»u mint know to handle y*<ur machine When you buy an Implement o? any kind, haw t!,< different part*, the various adjustment* and tlo bes t method* of handling explained to you until you are thoroughly familiar with them l*"nt b« satlffled until you are »ur« that |f anything should go wrong you could tell what it was and haw some Idea what to do fur it And be sure that you bar*’ at least a re spectable Idea Of the W< rk the Implement was meant to d We had some time ago a letter from a man «h<> denounced all w«-<der* ft* frauds and their many facturers as swindler* In s|dle * f the fart that the weeder l* now universally recognln d as one of the most profitable of all Improved farm implo ments. Wo have known one or two other men to make the same sort of statement, but In each caw they were tnen who rvpeeted the welder to do th« work of a harrow or a plow work that It w.%* never olpected to do. The men who have dump**} Improved machine* - . . . . i a __ni >td.. oi auT «m mi ‘ ** 7 most invariably iiiTti men who did not know how to handle the machines, or who expected thorn t<* do work under Impossible conditions Then again, when you turn your Implement over to your help, explain the machines to them and keep an eye on both man and machine until you are satisfied that they are adjusted to each other. It is often said that the negro cannot handle Improved machinery, hut It has often been dnm cnatrated that be can. It Is scarcely reasonable, however, to expert a negro who has never handled anything more complicated than a double shov* I to take a two horse cultivator or a mowing mu chine out Into the field and do good work with It without some instruction and aom« watching at first. ^B III the *M I-oiid plate, take owe of your llilple* ^^ln«*nt«*. You know 1'iofec or llalner «>f the Colo rado Agricultural Colb*ge in a recent Issue of our paper quoted a manufacturer as saying: "If the farmer cared for his machinery a* he should, thero would be a need for us to manufacture but one machine where we are now putting out two." In other words, the farm era pay half their money f<*r the machine* and half f«*r the privilege of neglecting them. When anything about any Implement get* out of ndju fment. .fop and fix it right then. Kven If you nr** Jn a hurry It will save both time and money jn the long run Oil i« cheap* r than either horse fl*^h or ma chlnery, and whenever and wherever oil Is need ed. It should be freely u<*e.| It will enable the! machine t** do letter work, to do it easier, to do more of it in a day, and to work more day* Then keep the tmpb nun's In out of the weath * * t When M'u g*-i through wi’h a tool put it un der fh* 1 ?«-r This will g< f to be a habit direct ly, and Mich a habit will double the life * * f your Implement*. I he Thing* Y ou Should Remember. n- 7/|«»f i !. .x* 1« a" ' I a great n a* r thing . ' V • the probb-JUL iu regarj. to the U*c of fer till?« rs nd manure which »•'< m to perplex South * rn farmer* most w < ■r <■ we , think, plainly and practically treated Hut what we hope you fc-al .< d m< -.t cJirj.b * ? ail wh* n you had r«-.«d the ; aj.er were the broa*l genera! principles upon *■ =. »» . r . p - * t* i * • < • * i * n I /1 r .1 * * r c .a I c r > * 11 . . in»J at the aatr.< time build up the fertIM'-y of th* land mus! re-t J et ts» go <n« r these fundamental ; r'.tidp’e* these Ik (J r«f k fart* once more (1 » To produce good crop* you must h**e first ? ft It. a rl* h r. -U «-r.e that r r * .*! - - li « ral «up He# of plant f od and pler.t' «*f h jmu« * 2 » The plant food In this **<11 must he in the right proportions to feed the rr p V i wish to grow , and you n -.it hr what your soil nw<h r Jir| ran U*e fertiliser* Intelligently f 3 • on land in g«*od physical condition, well drained. mellow h-itnuHUIril, you ran supply In •he form of r >mmer<ui fertilisers any of th«-«e element* of plant f<w»d w!il<h mar he deficient and make a handsome pr> f.t doing it <() Th* element* to he supplied 4 ?e UlTogeJs l hosphorle arid and pota»h. the nitrogen. In g*m efal terr: «, deveb plrg the lease* and stalk of plants and the ph*>*ph-<rlc acid ar.«l potash th« fruit, seeds, etc i 1, i The nitrogen !• th*- hardest to retain of t h • • e elements, the one m<»«l generally larkliig and while the i iin nslso. js at th«* same time th*» only on** *e can gel for nothing It* the growing of the legume*, we call gel all W e nee 1 for most crop* from the air without money and without price Yet w«* rpend million# of dollar* buying nitrogen a! Z1* cent* a pound* t (,» While commercial fertiliser* can supply the food tuwentary f,,r our crop* they rannot furnish the humu* to maintain »u* h *oll condition* a* will under thin f<»od available for the u#e of plant* I herpfore ne unlit make green amt stable tna nure* our chief ilependence in building up our oils, trying the commercial fertiliser* to supple merit them and balance up the nupplien of plant food for the vnrtouM crop* <7> Since ever) crop take* from tire soil Millie thing which must be returned if the fertility of the land In to be maintained, It should be our aim to return a* much an potsdble of thl* plant food to the noil We can do tills only by feeding our giuln* ami roughage to live stock, carefully sav tug the manure and applying It In the most eco nomlcn! manner. < 1 S > To prevent waste ef thl* manure we must protect It from heating or (•-aching, amt must proud It on the land cv tily and In a finely pul veil/.ed condition. ’I be failure to do till* tm-atis that We will have either lint a-at rd»fet tlll/er bills or jioorer crop* probably both, since manure In the coiner alone of good farming and Its careful / conservation ’ho first cfnP toward tbo economical maintenance or upbuilding of soil fertility. Whatever • 1 e you may or may not remember keep these things In mind, for upon the fertility of your soil depends your profits in farming. Farm Work for F ebruary. F Yor f ailed to sow oats In the fall and wish t«* grow them, you should log© no _ timo now in getting them in the ground as •M.i-n as the soil i In condition to plow well. Sow winter oats even now, for they will always do bet ter in tlie South than the Northern spring oats. Hut do not plow the land when too w-d. if af. ter corn, then a disking of the soil to make the surface fine will bo better than plowing deeply. Hut run the dl k or ru nway both wa>* to fin© the surface effectually, and sow not not 1*» h than two bushels per acre. If land has a crop of crimson clover on It. ns it should have, do not be In t*»o great haste to turn it under If f>*r corn, I would let the clover ripen and dry before plowing it under. For cot 'on. plow It as soon as blooms show At lurn opportunity when the ground Is dry enough, get out the manure and upread It with a manure spreader. There is hardly any loss when spread on the ground and let lie there, but there » a g< "1 deal of loss in the barn yard All that -i* i can r.ot spr«a ! at once, keep it tramped down in the stable, and never throw manure out |n pile* j ^ n* *•** \ manure * premier but one handling of 'he manure. nn I 1* a great labor-*arer. I hare •- n f rt haul rut manure and fork It off In 1tttl» j '<« all »itrr the field to be spread later, ma I■ g thus three handling* of tho manure, which will not par The lard that in to go In corn Is the place for the manure It will make r»rn cheaply, and a ,cr p of small grain after the corn, and peas after th< small gv ln with >me arid phosphate and pot arh will give son the best possible chance for cotton. 1W that all tools that Will he needed In the work It g season, and all plows and machinery, ar* rhwtn and In good order so that n » time will be ; lent when work begins I assume that none of the ' e«d• r» r f Tt*e w«mih«Tii I arm <*.*/• He hare allowed th*!r mowers or hinder* t>* |{«* out door* all wlnt*r Many farmers are very extravagant with machinery, a-d a machine Jet s’ar out In ; the weather and remain tloggfd with dirt will not last Its proper life and these thing* coat money and sh uld 1 e taken care of When you come to considering the Implement* needed on the farm. don't forget that the little t >nren!en,-«* about the house and barn .are worth as much as the m<»re expensive tools for ’he field*. Idverv farmer should hare a kit of tool* fordoing the end!o«* odd Job* that must be done on the farm Such thing* n* a hammer, hatchet, hand saw, brace and bit*. Jack and smoothing plane, d and cold chisels,, large and »mall punch, riveter, monkey wrench. S wrench, fil<^ pllcr* »nJ grindstone art- um • .iitrn on nn> well regulated farm There are other tosd* Ju*t as useful, p*r* haps, but the«*» you certainly nee<l. i ■> itii/i fit* rratPT m* < m ui«' a»•* finlitl l«v the boll weevil, or In territory that I* likely to Im» Infested, should semi at once to the I>ep irfnjent of \grlrulture at Washington. I* C-. for Farmer s’ |lu.**tln No It I < ’ Ihe Itoll Weevil Problem." bv W l» Hunter It I* an exhaustive and practical treatise on the subject and will be of great value to every cotton farmer In tin* wee vil terrltorv who will read It and put Its conclu sion* Into practice If farmer* wer<* one-tenth as anxious to know about how t«) handle barnyard manure* to best advantage as they are to know about fertiliser formulas, the lands of the South would soon b« rleh. A Thought for the Week. The young man who has the courage and the ability to refuse to enter the erowded Held of tho mvcalled professions and to tako to eointtuctlvo Industry la almost sure of an ample reward In earnings, In health, In opportunity to marry early, and to establish a home with reasonable freedom from worry ’1 heodoro Roosevelt.