YM! DEMOCRAT.
W S. EPPKRSON, EDITOR.
Wednesday Morning, April 26, 1854
C ooper's Well. This fashionable water
ing place will be opened for the reception of
visitors on the 11th of May next, at which
time a Grand Ball will be given ; of which
more may be learned by reference to adver
tisement in another column.
Max- Day Ball. AVe are requested to
state that a Ball will be given at the Yazoo
Motel in Benton, on the first day of May next.
The proprietor of the Hotel, W. H. Mangum
is making extensive arrangements to accom
modate and promote the enjoyment of all
who may attend. From the number of in
vitations issued, wo infer that a large crowd
of Ladies and Gentlemen will be present
In conformity with an act of the last
Legislature, changing the time of holding
the Circuit Court of this County, the Spring
Term thereof will commence 4th Monday in
May. The Board of Police will meet on the
Monday preceding, (15th May,) and continue
in session four days.
Arrived.
Dr. Chambers whose exhibitions of Califor
nia a year ag'-, ere so popular in our city,
arrived this morning, to make arrangements
for the opening of his new panoramic work,
' The Odeocamo." It is pronounced, by our
cotemporaries of Vicksburg, where it was vis
ited by over four thousand persons in one
week, to bo " the best work of the kind ever
exhibited." Due notice will be given of the
time of opening.
&d& The Southern Herald, is the name of
a new paper, published at Coffeville, Miss,
and is devoted to Temperance, Education,
General Literature. Agriculture drc. The
j f v xt r.r.t i ijwi ,
design of the Herald is a laudable one, and ;
its Editors Messrs. Hunt & Hyslop deserve
success in the undertaking, and we sincorely
hope that they may command it.
Congress The European War. On
the 10th inbt., Mr. Dean, in behalf of the
committee on Foreign Relations, asked the
unanimous consent of the House for the in
troduction of the resolutions. This being
refused, he moved to suspend the rule for the
purpose, and his motion was adopted by a
vote of 103 to 41 :
Resolved, That in the war which now Eeems
impending in Europe, it is the duty as well asituresof the States represented in this Conven
ine manuesi interest oi tne uoverument oi me
U. S. to observe ond maintain a strict neutrali
ty among the belligerents, and, in the event of a
war, the right of our citizens, and the security
of our commerce demand ihe maintainunce i f
the principle heretofore asseited, and strenuous
ly contended for by this Government, but not
hitherto admitted or established as the law of
nations, that free ships make free goods, except
as to articles contraband of war, and that the
neutral flag protects from unreasonable search
and seizure, the ships bearing it ; end also that
neutral property on board a vessel of any of the
belligerents is not subject to seizure and confis
cation. Resolved. That the the President of United
States be requested, if iu his opinion not incom
patible with the public interests, to communi
cate to this House whether any, and if any,
what arrangements have been made, or what
correspondence has taken place between this
Government and any of the Governments of
Europe to establish the foregoing principles, as
international law. and to protect the neutral
commerce ot the United States in the event of
a war betweeu an- of ihn powers of Europe.
Eloquent Extract From Mr. Breckenridge's
Speech.
The following is the closing part of the
speech of the talented and eloquent Demo
cratic Representative from Kentucky, in fa
vor of the right of the people of Nebraska
and Kansas to govern themselves, which
Northern Abolitionists would deny to them :
" It is true, New-England, with a few noble
exceptions, has arrayed herself against the prin
ciplesof the bill ; yet even there the cause is not
lost. Her choicest sons are unmoved by the
clamors that surround them ; and New Hamp
shire, the little Switzerland of the North, is un
broken by the frantic rush of the agitators.
She has elements around which to rally her
hereditary principles.
But New-England is not the Union. Ob
serve what different tokens come from East and
West? Did youi hear of the infuriated mob
that basely hung the auther of this bill in effigy,
on Boston Common 1 But did you note soon
after, the cheering tones of approval the west
wind brought from his prairie State? Remem
ber, gentlemen, in the midst of yout exultation,
that the political power of this country is now
climbing the summits of the Alleghany moun
tains, and, before this decade closes, will have
poured its unreturning course far into the val
ley of the Missippt that vost region, richer
than the delta of the Nile, and whose millions
and ever increasing millions are destined to a
political unity as lasting as civilization and
commerce, bound forever together by the double
tie of interest and affection.
What then, if Boston chooses to betray the
principles that made her own origin illustrious
what if New England chooses to turn her
back on the doctrines that marked her early his
tory, and, after winning political liberty for
herself, proposes to deny it to others? still we
are not defenceless. Trae spirits in every Eas
tern State will stand by the flag of republican
equality, until.it waves the people back beneath
its folds. Pennsylvania, that fine old common
wealth, too often neglected in the piping times
of peace, but always appealed to, and never in
vain, in every crisis of the Constitution, will
stand upon the bill. But even if no support
could be found in the scenes of our early civil
ization, we would gather up this inestimable
principle and turn to the West the young and
growing and vigorous West whose hardy sons,
having just laid for themselves the foundations
of society, will never aid in robbing the fellow
citizens of the same sacred privilege. Sir, in
two years from this time you will not be able,
in my opinion, to find a man in the West who
will dare to go before the people in opposition
to the principles of this bill,
JE3T The Roman Catholics of Minnesota
outnumber all other denominations. A ca
thedral is to" be erected this season at St
Paul's which will cost $90,000.
Southern Commercial Convention.
vuuuvu
mis oouy met according to adjournment!
at Charleston on the 10th inst, and organized
by electing the Hon. W. C. Dawson of Ga.
President and Lieut. M. F. Murray Vice Pres
ident. Wilmpt G. De Saussure of South Car
olina, Secretary. S. F. Leake, Va.; Gen. J.
Winslow, N.C.; Hon. J. A. Woodward, S.
C; Judge E.T.Nesbit,Ga.; Hon.C. C.Clav,
Sr., Ala.; S. W. Oakey, La.; N. D. Coleman,
Miss.; Dr. John Shelby, Tenn.; Gen. Leslie
Cooms, Ky.; W. D. Moscley, Fla, ; Thomas
Whitridge, Md.; Vice Presidents. T. T
Hutchins, Md.; Mr. Rose, Va.; Thomas Lor
ing, N. C. ; A. P. Aldrich, S. C. ; James Ham
ikon, Ga.; John W. Jones, Ala.; J.B.Leake,
La.; Mr. Mathews, Miss.; R. L. Saunders,
Tenn.; , Kp.; C. A. Prince, Florida;
Secretaries.
The Hon. W. C. Dawson, after thanking
the Convention for the honor conferred on
him, proceeded to enumerate some of the
main purposes of the Convention, among
which were :
To establish a Southern Continental Depot
for Cotton, and facilities for direct importa
tions and exportations.
To stimulate manufactures and general in
dustry. To establish direct mail oommuni cations
with foreign couutries.
To establish Southern Institutions of learn
ing. To endeavor to prepare the South to con
tend for the Eastern Terminus of the great
Pacific Railway when built
Mr. George A. Trenholm, of South Caroli
na, offered the following resolutions, which
were referred to the Committee on Resolu
tions :
Resolved, That this Convention recommends
in the most earnest manner to the people of the
South, and more particularly to the merchants it)
t tie seaports, to embark a suitable portion of
their capital in the construction or purchase of
ships, tu convey directly to foreign ports our ag-
ricultural and other productions, and brine h
lhp ri,turu ca 0i foreign commoumes
ome
mi i : mm. uli t inn I i .
a commercial marine caiuble of performing this
servic, Wv-uld relieve the South from an eno
nious tribute now paid to other States of this
Union and foreign countries, and turn the gains
of this lucrative and in igorating pursuit into a
new element of Southern opulence and strength.
Resolved, That in the opinion of this Con
vention, a material reduction or absolute repeal
of the duties now levied on railroad iron by the
General Government, is a measure that would
conduce in a high degree to promote the inter
ests of all the States.
Resolved. That this Convention do earnestly
reo mmend this measure to Ongress as one of
great national benefit, and respectfully solicit
their early and favorable action upon it.
Kesolvvd, that we recommend to the Legisla
tiou, toexempt fromSta'e taxes, during onevear
ensuing the importa'ion thereof, all goods di
rectly imported from toreign ports into any port
iu the Sou i hern States.
The following resolution presented by Mr.
C. K. Marshall, of Mississippi, was also re
ferred to Committee on Resolutions, viz :
Resolved, That it is the deli be rate sense of this
t convention, that the object for which we are
convened is the general development and main
tenance of the rights and resources of the Snuth-
em and South Western States; and while we
reeard Commerce as the great colonizer, civitizer. ;
and Christianizes of mankind, which, with its . " , . i j 1
various earning interests, demands our special ' W the rlar P ceDtaffe that Would
consideration, we also recognise bs our legiti- due, upon the sale of those lands, to the gen
mate business, all other matters of a practical Pr:Ji ffowrnmprt. and is reimbursed, as alraa-
character, tending to tne accemi
:c"miuisnmeni 01 trie
l t - r 1 1
general design ; embracing Education, Agricul
ture, Home Manufactures, Navigation, and the
occupancy of our vast uncultivated lands.
Senatorial Resignation. Mr. Truman
Smith through the National Intelligencer
announces the resignation of his seat in the
Senate ; the reason assigned is the pressure
of private engagements, which means that
Mr. Smith is deeply engrossed in the copper
mine speculations of Lake Superior. Con
necticut may get a better Representative even
from a Whig Legislature. Mr. Smith, as
Chairman of the Whig Central Committee
in the canvass of 1852, displayed uncommon
talent for the dirty work of a political cam
paign. He would make an admirable Fouche
but he is not thought to possess any higher
qualities of statesmanship than belong to the
character of an accomplished chief of police.
Pkactical Democracy. The Boston Times
in a late number, gives us the following anec
dote, and we pass it over to our readers with
more gratification, inasmuch as it goes to prove
that the charge of favoritism to his relations
caBnot be laid at the door of the President.
"One day last week, a number of worthy and
substantial farmers and drovers who had been
attending the Cambridge Cattle Market, congre
gated in the temporary depot at Porter's station,
and the conversation turned on politics. Some
of the assembly were either wbigs or freesoilers,
aud the way the Nebraska bill, the President,
Judge Douglas, etc., w ere handled was a caution
to the friends of non-intervention. Presently,
a sturdy looking farmer with a clear pair of eyes
and an honest fare, put a question to the most
violent of the declaimers an out-and-out abo
litionist which immediately attracted the at
tention of the whole company to himself. The
conversation then proceeded, but had not pro
gressed very far before the sophistries of the ab
olitionist were exposed aud refuted by the plain
common sense arguments of the farmer. This
was acknowledged on all sides, except, of course,
by his opponent; and, satisfied with his victory,
the farmer modestly retired from the place, lea
ving the company at liberty to scan his argu
ments and guess about himself at their leisure,
He talked like a book," said one. " Yes I
hardly thought he was so well posted up," re
marked another. " He looked rough, but talked
like a lawyer," observed a third. " But who is
he 1" was the question generally put. At this
moment, Murray, the depot master, who had
been quietly listening to their speculations,
stepped forward, and in his quiet and peculiar
way, said: "Gentlemen, that is Mr. Henry
Pierce, of Hillsborough county, New Hamp
shire brother qf the President of the United
Stales."
And that was true. We learn that Mr. Pierce
regularly attends the Cambridge Cattle Market
every week, with the products of his fine farm
in New Hampshire, and is every where esteemed
as an honest, nigh-minded, intelligent and pat
riotic American citizen. What an interesting
spectacle does this present ! Here was the bro-
ller Qf. the Chief Magis of one of the great-
est nations on the face of t he elobc-a person
qualified to fill many responsible posts, yielding
handsame pecuniary emoluments pursuing the
hard and humble, but enriobline callinc of an
American farmer, while a word from his brother
iu office could plate him where his purse might
be easily and lawfully gorged wih the glittering
cash of the public treasury. This is one among
the many instances of the single heartedness
and unselfishness of the President of the Uni
ted States Franklin Pierce.
THE PUBLIC LANDS,
In relation to the best, and most feasible
plan of disposing of the public lands, and
effectually releasing Congress from any fur
ther consideration of this vexed question, the
Union says, "The object of Mr. Perkins's
amendment, offered as a substitute for Ben
net's bill, was to transfer, as far as consistent
with the public interest, the disposal of the
public lands to the States in which they lie.
It proposes to grant all the lands within
the States to the States in which they are re
spectively situated, on two important condi
tions :
1st. That the States shall dispose of them at
SI, 75 cents, 50 cents, 25 cents, according as
they have been offered for sale lor ten, fifteen,
twenty, and twenty-five years.
2.1. That the States shall pay over to the gen
eral eovernment a certain per centaae upon the
amount realized from their sale. This per cent
age is to be paid quarterly as the lands are dis
posed of at the State land offices.
This was, in a few words, the bill proposed
by Speaker Boyd. It was to carry out an
idea suggested by Mr. Calhoun, and favora
bly spoken of by General Jackson iu one of
liis messages. Its effect would be to remove
out of Congress a subject of much discussion,
and make the States in which the lauds are
situated the agents for their sale.
The first condition- secures their sale at the
graduated price to the citizens of all the
States, and guards against their being made
by the States in which they lie either a sub
ject of speculation or unjust discrimination.
The second condition is intended to guar
anty to the general government full reim
bursement of the purchase, extinguishment
of Indian title, surveys, ic, &c.
The amount of this per centage is left blank
in the bill, to be filled bv the House on an
estimate of the amount of the per centage
that will accomplish this.
Mr. Perkins's amendment is a proviso de
signed to authorize the State to giant alter
nate sections of land along railroad lines
within their borders, and indemnify them
selves by disposing of the remaining sections
along the line at double tho price fixed by
the bill.
By thi3 provision each State may grant, at
its discretion, that aid to Railroad interests
within its borders that is now asked of the
general government. Under its operation,
the general government is guarantied by the
State against any loss in tho grant of alter
nate sections, and each State is made the
judge under the responsibility of a pecunia
ry interest in what cases the grant should be
made ; tor, as soon as a giant is maae 01 ai-
ternate sections to anv railroads the State
-- - "
, ,
dv stated, bv the sale of the remaining sec-
0 r mf w
tions at double price.
The lands in Territories are not affected by
the provisions of the bill.
Under this bill the railroad interest is am
ply protected, the general government is
more than reimbursed by the purchase and
survey of the public lands, and relieved of
an onerous and annoying agency in their
disposal, while the citizens of all the States
are guarantied the advantages of a gradua
tion in their price.
The States are also greatly benefitted by
having settled within their borders all those
annoying land claims and conflicting titles
that come up to Washington from all quar
ters, to be decided frequently upon imperfect
testimony.
Most of the Western States have already
State land offices, as well as federal land of
fices, within their limits. Under this bill the
State land offices will do the work of both.
At present the general government pays to
each State five per cent, upon the public
lands within their borders, and the State can
not tax them for five years after they are
sold.
By the present bill this is reversed, the
State paying a certain per centage to the
geneoal government. The receipt of this
per centage by the general government is in
sured by the titles under the State being de
pendent for ther legality upon its payment.
ft. M. T. Hunter of Virginia.
One of our Washington correspondents furn
ishes us with the following description of the
distinguished Senator of Virginia. He says :
Mr. Hunter is truly a remarkable man. He
is remarkable iu his order of talents, and partic
ularly so in his personal appearance. Phrenol
ogists and physiognomists contend that the
principles ot these two sciences have been re
duced to such a system as to enable a person to
measure the mental capacity of a man by a mere
examination of the head and features. There
is no rule, however, without exceptions, and
most unquestionably Mr. Hunter is an excep
tion to all the rules of Phrenology, or Physiog
nomy. A spectator in the Senate gallery, look
ing down upon the Senators would not for a
moment rest his eyes upon R. M. T. Hunter as
one of the great men of that body. And even
if he should be pointed out to him, he would be
struck with disappointment at his un pre posses-
ling appearance. His Dead is rather below the
medium size, and bis forehead is extremely low
and narrow. There is no " bumpology on his
cranium to mark the intellect with. Nor is
there anything iu either his eye or countenance 1
that would induce the beholder te regard him as
a man of genius. But let him rise to address the
Senate. Whether he takes the floor for a set
speech, or merely to participate in a running
debate, it soon becomes apparent that he is
something more thsn en ordinary man. He
speaks sm othly and regularly, never hesitating
for a word or an idea. His language is rhaste,
elegant and scholarly ; while at the same time
it is comprehensive and strong. There is no
superfluity of words, or confusion oi ideas. He
always speaks directly to the poiut at issue, and
is bo clear and explicit in his expositions, that
there is no misunderstanding his p sition. He
always speaks calmly, aud with perfect self-possession.
He never allows anything to excite
him.
Whenever it is known that he is to deliver
a set speech, the galleries are crowded to over
flowing. Nor does he ever disappoint any ne
who goes to hear him. He never delivers any
thing but a great speech. His manner of deliv
ery is animated, though not passionate. He
never attempts any display of flowing oratory,
nor seeks to adorn his speeches with rhetorical
images. Yet his speaking is not only interest
ing, but fascinating. He enchains the listener
with his close reasoning, and astonishes him
with the depth of his learuing and power of his
logic. He is truly a great man. He has meas
ured lines with the greatest of his compeers in
the Senate, and has never came off second best.
He is a foe man worthy of any man's 6teel. In
person he is about five feet eight incites, and
rather heavy built. He is in the prime ot life,
being but little over forty years of age. He is a
very close and laborious student, and in all the
relations, his character is a hove reproach. He
has been in active political life ever 6ince he
was twenty-one years old. It issakl, indeed,
that this is one of the principal reasons which
induced him to decline a position iu the Cabin
et." Exchange.
CENTRALIZATION.
The apprehension with which the aggrandize
ment of the Federal Government is reganled by
men who hold a just theory of our political sys
tem, is abundantly justified by successive in
stances of Legislative encroachment and Exec
utive usurpation. There have been men with
sagacity to discern and courage to expose and
resist the centralizing tendency in political in
stitution, when developed in its mc-st flagrant
nnd offensive form. There is, however, a par
ticular manifestation of this vice, which, being
less obvious and aggressive m -its operation, has
escaped the censure which its malignant and
dangerous churacter should provoke.
In this country, public opinion isproverbiallj
omnipotent. Legislation is but the expression
os ttie popular will. Whatsoever, therefore,
gives shape and direction to public opinion,
exerts an important influence on the policy of
the government.
The time was when the governments of the
States were thought to be co-equal in di
and power with the Federal Government
The
time was, when the ac tion of the Virginia Leg
islature was sensibly felt, and anxiously antici
pated throughout the confederacy. The time
wus, when every great impulse of public senti
ment had its origin in the Stales, and the gov
ernment at Washington was but the Weather
Cock which indicated the c urse of the breeze.
Then the Federal raetrop lis was tlie gulf into
which the streams ol popular feeling discharged
themselves, and not the source and spring of
public opinion and political influence. Then
the politicians at Washington, so far from con
trolling and directing the sentiment of the
country, were but its slaves and obedient instil
ments, and their chief anxiety & ambition were
clearly to discern and faithfully to execute the
independent opinion of the people.
How different an aspect things wear at pres
ent, any man may ascertain by a single glame
and a moment's consideration. The States, in
comparison with the Federal Government, have
sunk to the level of dependent and tributary
provinces. They display none of the dignity,
they command noue of the respect of sovereign
and independent communities. Whatever may
be their theoretical position and function in our
system of government, they are well nigh as un
distinguished and powerless as the shires of
England or the departments in France. Their
chief magistrates neither claim nor enjoy the
distinction justly due to their position ; and
their Legislatures have crre to be thought of
scarcely more importance than village debating
clubs a result which they precipitated upon
themselves by the demagogic contrivance of bi
ennial sessions. Before the States were dwarf
ed by the spreading and deepening shadow of
central power, in the memorable year of 1799,
Virginia, by her potent voice, arrested the march
of Federal encroachment ; but now the voice of
Virginia is equally contemned and disregarded,
whether heard in mild expostulation or defiant
menace Once statesmen of senatorial fame
were content to win the favor of a county con
stituency ; but now, all but the highest offices
in the States, are the prize of mean ability, or
the stepping stone of young ambition. Nation
al reputation and Federal office engross the care
and consideration of men of competent capaci
ty and eminent name.
The st und and salutary public sentiment
which, matured in the States and expressed in
the honest and emphatic language of the people,
once controlled the policy of the government,
has been superseded by thj artificial and delusive
counterfeit of popular opinion which the poli
ticians in Washington impose upon the coun
try. Washington has become the foundation of
honor and the source of power: To Washing
ton the eyes of the "nation" are turned in eager
anxiety. To Washington the needy adventu
rer repairs in "quest of fortune From Wash
ington the rays of intelligence illuminate the
land j and from Washington flow the refreshing
streams of patronage. The country is governed
by Washington. Not more despotic is the rule
of the Parisian populace over France, than the
rule of Washington politicians over this con
federacy. They are the true Warwicks of the
age they pull down and set up; they bind and
loose ; they make and undo. They are the au
gust actors whom the people must behold and
spptaud at the suggestion of the coafidential
prompter.
This is not exaggeration but sober reality
The evil we lament stares us in the face and
presses ou odr senses. We cannot blink It;
neither can we extenuate it by delicate apology.
There is but one remedy, and thut is in the ex
clusive possession ol ihe people. The despotic
supremacy of the politicians in Washington, is
as much the cause as It is the effect of Federal
usurpation and central consolidation. If the
people will resolve to think for themselves and
act for themselves, they will soon recover the
p wer and consideration of which they have
been bereft. As long as they submit ib the
dictation of the politicians in Washington, as
long as tliey are content to accept and to reject
measures of public policy without examination
and reflection, and to bend in servile adoration
before the judgment of men who are at best but
their servants and representatives, they are noi
worthy the privileges of freemen and they must
not expect the consideration which is accorded
only to manly independence. Richmond Enq.
The South and Direct Trade.
The leading merchants of this and every
Southern City, and all Southern metl, who
are interested in building up Southern Com
merce, look to direct trade with foreign ports,
as the great want of the times. They all de
sire direct trade, they will write and talk in
that behalf, but so far they have done noth
ing more, except to make fruitless applica
tions to State Legislatures, for governmental
aid. They have been, aud are now, illustra
ting the fable of Hercules and the Wagoner.
Tile error of the day is, to expect the Gov
ernment, State or Federal, to do more than it
was designed to do. Men are not Firtrsfied,
if the government protects them in the quiet
arid peaceful enjoyment of their property and
their liberty it must do more. It must go
ou to improve their property for them, and
to furnish them with all the conveniences
which their position may require! It must
dig canals, construct railroads, improve har
bors, build turnpikes, and do a hundred oth
er act?, which might well be left to private
enterprise and capital.
There is, We apprehend, a better way for
the South. While Southern men are wait
ing for the slow movements of the govern
ment, the opportunities of achieving com
mercial independence, may pass away.
Once Virginia led the vau of the States, and
might have retained her supremacy, had she
duly used her advantages. Unfortunately
for the South, the men of that day di not
rightly appreciate their positions, and, while
they slept, the North took away from them
traffic with foreign countries. This experi
ence of the past should not be disregarded
by the men of this generation. They must
improve upon the errors of their forefathers,
if they would regain somewhat of the com
merce which they once enjoyed. They must
address themselves, at once, to the task of
reconquering the spoils of the foreign trade.
And to do this, they must no mdre call on
Hercules, but put their shoulders to the
wheel, and keep them there until their task
is accomplished.
The Charleston Convention will no doubt
have this subject under discussion. Many of
the delegates to that body, from this and
other States, are practical business men, and
we call upon them to carry their business
views and habits along with them. Thev
see the folly of petitioning for governmental
aid, towards the establishment of direct trade
between the wateis of the South and foieign
ports ; let them pursue the only course that
common sense dictates. Let them determine
run packets from one or more Southern ports
and, toob ain the le jiiis.te funds to build aa 1
and equip those vessels, let them open books
of subscription in every Southern State. They
may accomplish their pu.pose by this means,
but they never will by adopting resolutions
and making long speeches about the impor
tance of direct trade.
The only obstacle to the success of this
plan, is the rivalry of different ports, for the
advantages such communion would aflbrd.
Every Southern City would be a candidate,
and as all could not be thus favored, the de
feated aspirantp might refuse to co-operate in
the movement.- Iu that event, the question
of Southern commercial independence would
be decided in the negative, and we should
hear no more of it; and that would be better
than the unceasing talk without correspond
ing action. But we assume that all the pro
fessions which have been put forth through
out the South are sincere expressions of
opinion ; and if they be, every Southern
State and City would give an emphatic sup
port to the plan we have suggested. That
would insure its success, and ere two years
elapse, the sails of the South would receive
the kiss of the sun and the caresses of the
winds.
Thefe may be other plans more feasible
than this, and we are ready to support them
when they are made known. All we want is
something that looks to the employment of
individual enterprise, and that will put an
end to these applications to our State legisla
tures, and teach the people everywhere iu the
South, the great lesson of self-reliance. Who
ever may suggest such a plan and secure its
adoption by the people, will deserve to be
hailed as a public benefactor. Richmond
Enquire.
MISSISSIPPI LAWS.
o
AN ACT to authorize the Northeast and South
west Alabama Railroad Company la extend
their Railroad from the West boundary tine
of the State of Alabama to some point on the
Mobile and Ohio Railroad, in the State of
Mississippi.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Legislature
0 ine ixiate 0 Mississippi, mat the North
east and Southwest Alabama Railroad Com
pany, when formed under the act of the Gen
eral Assembly of the State of Alabama, ap
proved December 12, 1853, entitled "An act
to incorporate the Northeast and Southwest
Alabama Railroad Company, shall be allow
ed the privilege of making any necessary re
connoisance and survey, for the purpose of
ascertains the most eligible route for atnH-
ing their Northeast and Southwest Alahama
Railroad, from the point it strikes the Easi
boundary line of this State, to any point on
the Mobile and Ohio Railroad in this State.
sec. 1 He it further enacted. That as soon
as said route and point shall be ascertained,
tne said JNortheast and Southwest Alabama
Railroad Company shall be allowed the riirht
of way for the extension and construction of
then- said Railroad from the Mississippi line
to the Mobile and Ohio Railioad, and that
thev shall be entitled to all the
rights and immunities, and subject
restrictions, except such as herea
tioned, as are granted, in ad 9, and
for the benefit, government, and di
said Northeast and Southwest A I at
aoad Company, cither within the
Alabama, bv the act above describe
r men-
iurih!
ma Rail
State of
d.
Sec 3. Be it further enactedy That so
much of section seven of the above des?t iln-d
act, as is embraced in proviso, beginning with
the words, "and that the corporation hereby
created shall have no power to discriminate
in liivor of its road agjiinst such connecting
roads, on freights or passengers," and ending
with the same, be and the same is hereby
declared and made inoperative and void in
the State.
8c. 4. Be it further enacted, That the
said Northeast and Southwest Alabama Rail
road Company, for the purposes of depots,
cuttings, and embankments, and for the pur
pose of necessary turnouts, and for obtaining
stone and gravel, may take as much land as
may be necessary for the construction and
security of said road, and all damages that
may be occasioned to any jHjrson or corpora
tion, by the taking of any such land or me
terials aforesaid, for the purpose aforesaid,
shall be assessed, and paid for by said com
pany, in the manner provided in the act
above described for assessing and paying the
damages for the right of way: Provided, That
not more than five acres of ground shall be
consumed in any one place for depots; that
juries in all cases where they are required,
hall be composed of twelve men ; and that
said company shall excepted from the provi
sions of an act entitled "An act to provide for
for taking stock for the State of Mississippi,
in various railr6ad corrrpanies in this State,"
approved March 16, 1862.
Approved February 27, 1854.
AN ACT to authorise the North Alabama an
Grand Junction Railroad Company to extend
their Railroad from the west boundary line of
the Suite of Alabama, to the town of Colum
bus in the State of Mississippi.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Legislature
of the State of Mississippi, That the North
Alabama and General Junction Railroad Com
pany, when foimed under the act of tho Gen
eral Assembly of the State of Alabama en
titled "An act to incorporate the North Ala
bama and Grand Junction Railroad Compa
ny," shall be allowed the privilege of making
any necessa' y surveys and reconnoissance, for
the purpose of ascertaining the most eligible
routo for extending the said North Alabama
and Grand Junction Railroad to the town of
Columbus in this State.
Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That, so soon,
as said route shall be ascertained, the said
North Alabama and Grand Junction Railroad
Company shall be allowed the right of wjJr
for the extension and construction of their
said railroad, from the Alabama line td'the
said town of Columbus, and that they shall
be entitled to all the rights, privileges and
immunities, and subject to all such restriction
as are granted, made, and prescribed for Ihe
benefit, government, and direction of the Mo
bile and Ohio Railroad Company, within this
State
Sec. 3. tie if farther enacted, That this
act shall take effect and be in force from ant
after its passage.
Approved March 2, 1854.
AN ACT granting lite right of way through the
Sta'e of Mississippi, and other privileges, to
the St. Louis, Helena, uild New Orleans Rail
road. Whereas, the constiuction of a railroad,
from the city of St Louis, in the State of
Missouri, by the way of the towns of Helena,
in the State of Arkansas, and Lexington, in
the State of Mississippi, to some eligible point
on the Mississippi Central Railroad, for the
put pose of securing a Railroad connection
between the cities of St. Louis and New Or
leans, and facilitating intercourse and trans
portation, is deemed a woik of great public
importance, and is in strict accordance with
the true inteiest of our State, and should be
encouraged by legislative sanction on the part
of this State ; and, whereas, the making of
such an improvement is now contemplate!
by the inhabitants of St. Louis, and a portion
of the inhabitants of the States of Aikansas
and Mississippi, and of the city of New Or
leans; therefore
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Legisla
ture of the State of Mississippi, That, so
soon as any company shall be duly organized,
either ift' tne State of Aikansas or Missouri,
according to any law of either of raid Stat
passed lor the purpose in the above preamble
recited, said company, by their appropriate
agents, may enter on the territory of this
State, for the purpose of constructing and
extending their works, subject to the restric
tions hereinafter recited.
Sec. 2. Be it further enacted, That the
said company may sue and be sued in this
State, and where said company is sued, the
process may be served on any known ap
pointed agent of said company.
Sec 3. Be it further enacted, That the
third, fourth, fifth, seventh, eighth, ninth,
eleventh and twelfth sections of an act, enti
tied "An act granting the right of way through
the State of Mississippi, and other privileges,
to the New Orleans, Jackson, and Great
Northern Railroad Com nan v." are hereby re-
enacted and applied to the construction, pre
servation, contiol, and government, ot tne
St. Louis, Helena, and New Orleans Rail
road, by the way of Lexington, Mississippi.
Sec. 4. Be it further enacted, That not
less than one-fourth of the entire number of
directors of said road, shall be stockholders
therein resident in this State.
Sec 5. Be it further enacted, That free
right of way over any land now owned by
tins State, is granted to any company that
shall be hereafter organized, to construct the
load contemplated by this act, and the said
company shall have power to acquire, by
purchase, or otherwise, and hold any quanti
ty of land, not exceeding three sections, in
this State, on the Mississippi rirer, at a point
opposite the town of Helena, in the State of
Arkansas, and shall jjpnrm power to sell the
same, in such parcels as said company may
deem expedient.
Approved February 27, 1854.
AN ACT to pay Jurors on inquest, and on tri -atsof
actions of forcible entry, end unlawful
detainer.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Legisla
ture of the Stale of Mississippi, That -every
person summoned and sttending as a juror.