Bridgeton pioneer., October 10, 1912, Image 6

About Bridgeton pioneer. (Bridgeton, N.J.) 1884-1919

Image provided by: Rutgers University Libraries

                
FARM
, anc/
GARDEN
|
PREPARE FOR WINTER WHEAT
Qraln Farmer* Plow Immediately Aft
er Barley or Oats Is Harvested
—Prevent Evaporation.
Oats and barley stubble land In
tended for winter grain and to bq
seeded to grass should be plowed
early and harrowed soon after plow
ing, so the ground can settle. Heavy
land should be plowed with three
horses. We use the sulky plow, set
to cut an even furrow and a good
depth. Harrow and roll before the
((lowed ground dries out. A fine, mel
ow top soli will prevent evaporation
pf moisture and It can be put In nice
order for drilling with a second or
third working with tho spring-tooth
barrow and roller, says a writer in the
Baltimore American. Land plowed
Just before sowing is too spongy; It
should be plowed at least two weeks
before the train is drilled. Expert
grain farmers plow immediately after
the barley or oats is harvested and
then harrow and roll. When oats or
barley precede a crop of winter wheat
the land is much dryer than a proper
ly managed summer fallow, and if the
season should be dry and hot it is '
dlfflcvlt to get such land mellow and
moist enough for germination of
grain. If barnyard manure is to be
spread over the field it will pay to hire
a spieader for the manure can be
spread so much better, as the spreader
cuts the manure fine and spreads an
even and a regular coat over the en
tire ground. Two active men with a
two-hi rse spreader will haul and
spread a large pile of manure in a
day. The regular price for the use
of a spreader is 50 cents per day. If
a spieader cannot be had, haul and
spread direct from wagon or cart. The
manure spread one day should be
barroived into the ground the next;
there is no loss of plant food from
the manure drying out from action of
sun aid wind. Spread 12 two-horse
wagon loads of rooted manure and
drill tie gain in with 250 pounds of
a goo I animal bone fertilizer to the
acre. The manure and fertilizer will
give a larger yield of grain and a bet
ter quality of straw than either ma
nure t.r fertilizer used alone.
BINDER FOR SHOCKING CORN
£Jttle Device Contrived by Nebraska
Maft So That Band May Be Put
on With Much Ease.
In describing a contrivance for
shocking corn, a Nebraska man writes
In the Missouri Valley Farmer as fol
lows:
I have worked out a little device to
kelp with the large shock, so that the
kand may be put on with ease. The de
vice consists of a tapering shaft 3H
feet long to which a crank Is attached.
C and D Is a crossbar or washer
through which a rope passes after be
ing attached to the other end, and
fastens to the crank. E Is the loop
In the rope to fasten to the hook after
the rope has been carried around the
Bhock. The operator takes hold of the
crank, reels In the rope and pulls up
For Shocking Corn.
the stalk so the second man has no
trouble In putting a band on a large
phock.
To Kill Wire Grass.
The so-called wire grasses are many.
Such grasses as propagate by means
of creeping root-stalks constantly re
produce new plants at the rooting
Joints, as couch or quack grass, John
son grass, Bermuda grass and mem
bers of the blue-grass family. This
pasture, If adapted to tillage, should
>e completely pulverized to the depth
►f four Inches with a cutaway or disk
yarrow In July and kept harrowed
!hce a week so long as the soil re
trains dry during the remainder of
Pa season, allowing no green spear
grasp to get a foothold,
if By fall the masB of roots will be
practically lifeless If the season has
been normally dry and hot. The
[whole should then be turned under
Kn Inches deep, using g jointer. In
e spring, harrow every week nntfi
lime to plant a cultivated prop, then
keep perfectly clean and the battle
will be won.
Kohl-Rabl.
In most sections of the porth a good
prop of kohl-rabl may be grown if seed
|s sown not later than the middle of
August White Vienna Is a good va
riety. gee that the soil Is well en
riched with rotten manure before sow
ing the seed.
CULTURE OF THE LIMA BEAN
Dwarf or Bush Variety Is One of Best
I Vegetables That Can Be Grown
for Home or Market.
(By J. W. GRIFFIN.)
The Lima beans, both the pol«
(those that require poles or trellises
for support) and the dwarf or bush
forms that do not make any vine, are
of the best vegetables that we grow
in the garden, either for home use ot
for market.
I There are many varieties of each
By some, the small-seeded varletlei
are preferred, as the flavor Is fine!
and the bean Is not so large and
coarse. I think this rather a matter
of custom, for I was very much In
favor of the small variety until I tried
the larger ones and I find If there is
W'l
A Good Trellis.
any difference In quality, flavor and
texture, the large one excels.
The dry beans are just the same
as those just matured, the only differ
ence is, there is a greater per cent,
of water in the green ones than there
Is in the dry.
This water may be returned to the
beans by soaking them over night In
lukewarm water. In the morning the
beans will look just as they did when
just full grown and when served like
green beans the difference will be dif
ficult to tell.
There are many varieties of each
kind—the running and the dwarf, or
those of the bush form. I grew the
King of the Garden, one of the large
pole varieties, for several years and
Lima Beans Ready for Market.
found It vary good as to yield and
duality.
The pole Limas are better yielders
than the bush variety, but there Is
more labor attached In growing the
pole variety; however, the difference
In yield overcomes this to a great ex
tent.
I find that the best methods ol
growing Lima beans is to use a trellis,
In constructing these trellises, the end
posts should be set deeply and well
braced. The bottom wire may be ol
No. 12 or 14 (any light wlie will do),
but the top one must be of No. 9 or
10, as the weight of the vines Is great,
Brace the end posts well and set
small posts every 10 or 15 feet and
staple the wires to these. When mors
than one trellis is to be made side by
side, the distance between them
should be six feet and the trellises
should run north and south—this will
give sunshine to each side, and will
insure more perfect fruit.
Carden C/tld
Farm Notes
The ordinary farmer will gain by
Stacking his grain.
The clover Bhould be cut as soon
as it is In blossom.
Deep-plowed land has a great ca
pacity for storage of moisture.
A heavy crop of weeds will check
the growth of the clover a great deal.
The grain binder is the most satis
factory implement for cutting timothy
seed.
Sow some clover; if nowhere else,
sow In corn after the cultivation is
over.
The most Important factor in soil
Improvement is growing leguminous
crops.
The easiest way to eradicate weeds
on the farm is to prevewt their going
to seed.
Silage made of corn and soy beans
Is more digestible than that made
from corn silage alone.
One of the qualities of the soy bean
that commends it to the stock feeder
Is Its protein richness.
Much of the feeding value of the
clover depends upon how the crop Is
managed after It Is cut.
The best stock pea for graxlng In
the field Is the black. Everlasting,
Red and Red Ripper are also good.
The silo means excellent feed stored
In small space. Just what is needed
when the grass In the pasture is dry.
Protein that Is grown upon the farm
Is often more palatable than that
which Is purchased In concentrated
torn and It Is also cheaper.
nORjOJLllI
CAUSE OF PLUM BLACK KNOT
Tree Wart Is Undoubtedly Due to
Fungous Growth and Most Preva
lent in Hot, Damp Seasons.
The plum tree wart or black knot Is
said to be due to a ball produced by
an Insect or from fungous growth. Mr.
P. Barry, In his Fruit Garden, says it
is undoubtedly due to fungous growth.
It is most prevalent in hot, damp sea
sons. He says: “Cions should never
be taken from a diseased tree. Cut
ting out the diseased branch clean to
the sound wood, the moment the knots
begin to appear, in an effectual rem
edy, and these cuttings should all be
burnt at once. We have saved trees
six inches in diameter, that were af
fected on the trunk so seriously that
one-third of its thickness had to be
removed to get below the disease.
After it was cut out we applied a plas
ter of grafting composition, covered it
with a cloth and in two years it was
all healed over and sound.
“Plum and damson trees are the
two fruits most injured by this fun
gous disease. If the warts are not cut
out and the branches upon which
they grow are not burnt, it will not
be long before the entire tree is af
fected, causing the loss of the tree.
Wild trees with this disease should
be cut down and burnt.
"Slugs, which eat the tender leaves
of the cherry and pear trees may be
killed by dusting with fresh airslacked
lime. Apply early in the morning
when leaves are damp. Two applica
tions will nearly always kill the
worms and their larvae.
“The late broods of caterpillars
should be destroyed before they leave
the nest. If not killed when small,
the worms will quickly eat up the
young tender leaves, causing the loss
of one or more branches of the tree.
An asbestos torch, attached to the
end of a pole of suitable length, is
an effective way to destroy the nest
and worms. The torch is sprayed
with a little coal oil and when lighted,
held under the post and around the
branch where the worms are, the
heat kills the worms at once and will
not injure the branches.
FEW MUSKMELON DISEASES
Leaf Blight Causes Large Dead Areas
in Leaves—Fungus Attacks
Stems of All Plants.
(By A. D. SELBY.)
Muskmelon leaf blight is a disease
more or less peculiar to the musk
melon, although the fungus which
causes It has also been found upon
cucumber leaves.
The leaf blight causes rather large
dead areas in the leaves, which are
usually distinguished from those of
mildew by their larger size and the
tendency of the central portion to
break out. The prevention of musk
melon leaf blight is by no means an
easy matter, requiring of itself great
thoroughness and carefulness in the
application of the Bordeaux mixture
and also requiring that the downy
mildew shall be watched during the
same period. For this reason earlier
sprayings, if made before August 1,
should be repeated at fortnightly in
tervals, while those after August 1
should be at weekly or ten-day Inter
vals. Melon growers have succeeded
by following these lines, while others
t Jl
Muskmelon Leaf Attacked by Blight.
who were less thorough were less suc
cessful or failed entirely. The Bor
deaux treatment is recommended with
confidence.
The common anthracnose fungus of
the muskmelon attacks the stems of
plants of all sizes as well as the
leaves. In these the fungus produces
the fruiting bodies. After the seeding
stage is passed it is usually possible
to keep the anthracnose in check by
spraying with Bordeaux mixture.
Killing Trees.
Peeling trees in the late summer
will kill them. The stumps can easily
be removed with a stump puller or
if the ground is cultivated around
them they will rot In time. They may
be destroyed by fire or blasted with
a small can of dynamite. Sprouts can
easily be killed after the trunk is
doad by continually cutting them un
der the surface wtlh a mattock and
by steady cultivation.
Reset the Beds.
Reset the strawberry bed every two
rears for beat results. It will nay
»«?»• . . :
CAMP IN FAVOR OF SHIFTS.
Tells Yale to Keep Opponents In Guess
ing Mood Throughout,
i Walter Camp, the noted football ex
pert. recently gave a brief outline of
the new football rules as affecting
Vale and expressed his opinion that
the quick running game with many
shifts to draw out the defense will
enable a light, experienced team to
overcome a heavy team which resorts
I to old fashioned football.
•‘The best attack." be said, "will be
the one that combines shift plays.
I which will necessarily put the defense
in motion with regular plays. In this
way not only will plunges through the
line he effective, hut also greater effect
will he given to the end run or the run
outside tackle. If a team allows its
opponent to realize that the attack is
concentrated and that the plays all
must start from a comparatively sntall
radius behind the line, those opponents
will close up and render such a form
of attack extremely onerous and ex
hausting.
RUCKER HARD LUCK PITCHER
Oroaklyn’s Twirler Would Have a
Great Record With Good Team.
Nap Uueker. Brooklyn's crack south
paw. is (lie champion hard luck pitcher
of the big leagues. .Nap has twirled
brilliant ball nearly all season, lint
somehow or another an error or a hit
at a critical moment bus cost him
Photo by American Press Association.
NAP RTJORER WARMING CP.
many a game. Nearly every ball play
er in the National league is of the
opinion that Kucher is one of the great
est left hand pitchers the game ever
produced. With a strong team and
good support behind him. the Brook
lyn’s southpaw would have a great rec
ord.
GERMANS WILL RACE HERE.
Beaten at Kiel. Foreigners Will Come
to America.
The German yachtsmen shortly are to
send a challenge to the Eastern Yacht
club for a match with yachts of the
soiuler class for next season. Since
these races were first arranged they
have been held on alternate years and
other courses, first off Marblehead and
then at Kiel. The last series was
sailed at Kiel last year and the Ameri
can boats won. This was the first
time that a visiting team had been sue
cessful in foreign waters. Until thai
series of races each country bad won
In Its own waters.
As soon as the race is arranged the
Eastern Yacht club will notify other
clubs in the country that there is to
be an international contest and invite
yachtsmen all over the country to.
build and compete in the sonder class
for the honor of defending the prize
offered.
FOOTBALL BOX SCORE.
Father Stanton Would Have Plays In
dicated, as In Baseball.
The Rev. Father Stanton of Ottawa
(Canada) college favors keeping a rec
ord of what the players accomplish in
the Rugby football games in which they
play, similar to the baseball box score.
If a player made a tackle possibly he
would be shown with a perfect 1.000
percentage. Also the scoring would
show how many times each player re
celved the ball and what he did with i'
when he got it.
The kicks to the halves and their dis
posal of the sphere would also lie care
fully jotted down and averages madt
up on them. At the end of each story
of the game he would have a summary
showing the record of each player.
Hal Chaso May Be Traded.
It Is being whispered along the Amer
lean league circle that Hal Chase- will
not be seen in a New York uniform
next season. According to those in the
know, the Highlanders' first sacker will
be traded to some club during the win
ter. It is said that Hal is anxious to
get away from Gotham and would wel
, come a change of scene.
Scientist Has
To Shift
Would Build Jetty to Divert
Its Meeting With Lab
rador Current.
IF we may credit a deep sea scien
tist it will cost less than $11)0,- ,
000,000 to make Siberia a sum
mer resort, start ice famines In
Labrador, give Scotland an all day
summer, with a temperature like Ja
pan’s, change the climate of the At
lantic coast to one like that of south
ern California, melt all the ice on and
around the north pole and open it to
truck gardening. To do so will be
cheaper, much easier and twice as
quickly done as to build the Panama
canal.
All that is necessary to accomplish
these results, some of which would re
sult from tipping the old earth side
ways, is to build a riprap jetty about
200 miles long across the shoals ex
tending eastward from Newfoundland,
near Cape Race. That would stop the
Labrador current, whose cold is capa
ble of making 2,000,000 tons of Ice
every second, from running right into
the gulf stream, whose heat is equal
to the burning of 2,000,000 tons of
coal every minute. They meet now
on the Grand banks, where the water
is only about 230 feet deep. The gulf
stream is split up and spreads out over
millions of square leagues of the At
lantic.
If such a jetty were built the Lab
rador current coming down from the
arctic would he turned eastward and
would be sunk so far when the gulf
stream met it that the latter warm
blue river of the ocean would pass
over the great cold river from the
north pole. The warm gulf stream
would continue in almost undimiuish
ed volume to the northward, and the
Labrador current would run a mile
deep through the great depths of the
Atlantic, making the torrid zone about
the equator cooler, while the gulf
stream would require only three
months to melt every inch of ice
around the pole.
Scientific Men Interested.
Fantastic though this may appear,
it has received the closest interest
from the foremost men of practical
science in America and other coun
tries. Every detail of the astounding
enterprise has been worked out by
Carroll Livingston Itiker of New York,
who built in 1874 the first mechanical
refrigerating warehouse ever con
structed and devised and constructed
the refrigerating plant on board the
steamship Celtic, which carried to Liv
erpool the first cargo of American
dressed meats ever landed there.
He designed and constructed the
first ice and cold air refrigerating ma
chine ever constructed. He was called
visionary when he proposed each of
these, which have proved pioneers in
the great industrial equipment of the
world.
When the federal government decid
ed to make Washington, the national
capital, sanitary by dredging the Po
tomac Mr. Itiker designed and built
the largest and most powerful pump
ing dredge ever constructed up to that
time. It pumped up a solid block of
granite weighing 1,800 pounds as if it
were a pebble, lifting it thirty feet
above the water, and snatched a big
steel safe from the river ooze with the
same ease. Then he built wharfs and
Jetties from Bar Harbor to the Mag
dalena river and salved the steam
ships St. Paul, Otranto and A. A
Shaw when they went on the beaches
in famous wrecks. lie was one of the
American government experts who ex
amined the dredging for the Gatun
dam, at Panama. lie surveyed Ha
vana harbor for the Spanish govern
ment and prepared the system for dis
posal of Havana sewage.
His record is that of a visionary, and
n « « a ah a akwwa a AAAwxxinnnrxinr
HIGH PRICES IN BABYLON.
Letter 3,400 Years Old Tells About
Them.
Letters written from 1500 to 400
B. C. In cuneiform on bricks have been
translated by Dr. F. C. Elslen of the
Chicago university, professor of Old
Testament interpretations. A youth of
Babylon in 1500 B. C. kicked on his
boarding house fare. He took a lump
6f clay and carefully inscribed the fol
lowing: “To my father, from Zimri
Eramma—May the gods Shamash and
Marduk keep thee alive forever. May
all go well with thee. I am stationed
in Dur-Sin on the canal Bitmiskirim.
The house where I live there is no
food which I am able to eat. Here is
the third part of speakel which I have
sealed up and forward to thee. Send
me for this money fresh fish and other
food. The cost here is high.”
This love letter has date 400 B. C.:
“To Bibeya from Gimll-Marduk—May
Shamash and Marduk grant thee, for
my sake, to live forever. I write this
to inquire after thy health. I am now
settled in Babylon, but I am in great
anxiety because I have not seen thee.
Send news when thou wilt come.”
Pin Jackets For Suffragettes.
London suffragette demonstrators
are experimenting with quilted Jack
ets in which thousands of pins are im
bedded, points outward. They afford
considerable protection and make the
wearers dangerous to handle.
a Plan
Gulf Stream
Advantages That Would Ac
crue—$190,000,000 Cost
of the Project.
the respectful Interest accorded him
by his worldwide correspondents on
the Great bank jetty project indicates
that he is known to the scientific world
.n no undignified aspect.
Details of the Scheme. J
In a book, “Power and Control of
the Gulf Stream,” Mr. Hiker discuss *
the problem of preserving to the uni- ,
verse the benevolent warmth of the
gulf stream for the destruction of the
sterilizing cold of the arctic. He goes
into details to prove that the Great
Bank jetty will do what he claims for
it by preventing the destructive meet
ing of the great frigid and warm ocean
streams. He shows that the material
for the jetty is ready at hand, that the
Labrador current will itself build up
with its sand scoured from its arctic
course the barrier to its conflict with
the gulf stream, and he has exact fig
ures and other data for all the amaz
ing results he declares must inevitably
follow the construction of that ocean
dam.
Ocean currents, he recites, control
the distribution of tropical solar heat,
the waters heated about the equator
bearing away toward the poles the
heat there absorbed and modifying
lands near which they run. The great
warm flood of the gulf stream, forty
miles in width and 1,200 feet deep,
with a temperature above 73 degree*
F., is like a hot water pipe warming
the Atlantic coast and adjoining re
gions as it flows northward.
The Labrador current, 250 miles wide
nnd 200 feet deep, sweeps down from
the arctic with a temperature below 32
degrees, or freezing. It meets and
robs the gulf stream of its heat in the
meeting on the Grand bank. The shoal
on the Great bank where the cold and
warm world arteries meet is a princi
pal cause of their neutralization of
each other's effects.
Jetty Would Divert Meeting.
Mr. Riker declares that the jetty •
would divert this meeting at great
depths to tlie eastward of the Grand
bank and by the time the Labrador
current was running there it would be -
taking a course with its heavy saline
cold a mile below the surface, permit
ting the warmer, lighter and less sa
line gulf stream to sweep above it, car
rying a message of warmth and sun
light and fertility to the snowbound.
Ice clad acres of the polar circle.
Even after its destructive conflict on
the Grand bank with the Labrador cur
rent the gulf stream now survives and
^olls onward, giving to the British Isles
and northern Euri?®® the warmth with
out which Scandinavia would be unin
habitable and England as sterile as
Labrador.
No more icebergs in the steamship
lanes, no more of such fogs as now pre
vail about the meeting of the cold and
warm currents, storms reduced to a
minimum, and the whole of eastern
North America a garden of paradise
with no great cold or heat are some of
the results Mr. Riker foresees from
building the jetty. Cape Hatteras, he
believes, would disappear through the
increased speed of the gulf stream,
which he estimates would flow closer
to the Jersey coast and incidentally re
deposit along the coast about 6,000,000
acres of land.
The melting of the arctic ice cap. he
estimates, would shift the equalizing
balance of the globe, and the then pre
ponderating weight of the antarctic ice
cap would make what is now the north
pole point shift toward northern Eu
rope, with the result of producing a
nightless summer in the area of Scot
land without a dayless winter.
***** XXXXXXXXXXJ.XJ-l_LXXJ.xxX
FOREIGN NAMES FOR FORTS.
Two at Panama Called After De Les
seps and Amador.
A request ha3 been received by the
war department that the fortifications
to defend the Panama canal be named
after distinguished Latin Americans
as a sign of the interest the Latin
American countries as well as the
United States have in the new high
way.
While the question of naming the
forts has not been definitely disposed
of and most of them will probably be
named after American generals, two
of them already have been named
after foreigners, one of these a Latin
American, Dr. Amador, the first presi
dent of the Panama republic. The
other will be named Fort De Lesseps,
after the French engineer who plan
ned the canal and superintended ex
cavations under the original French
company.
Window* Mad* of Map*.
Celebrated old maps of the world,
reproduced as glass transparencies in
the windows of the America! Geo
graphical society building, Nev York,
are now being used bv the society for
permanent window decorations. For
ty-two maps selected to represent the
development of mapmaking fr>m the
first to the seventeenth centwy are
shown In the windows of tht first
floor.