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Tol. XXXV.
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Letters must be addressed to ' ' '
M. 8. LITTLEFIELD.
HOUSE AND FARM.
A piece of land 209 feet square contains
an acre. . , .
The most profitable use for sour apples is
to moke them into vinegar.
Shade trees should not be planted close
to dwelling houses. Let in the sun light.
It is estimated than an equivalent of 12
tons of hay can be produced on one acre in
roots.
Sixteen pounds of grease and the lye
from one barrel of ashes, will make a barrel
of soap.
Dry copperas strewed aliont ant nests
will induce them to leave and not to return.
So says one who tried ir.
In a farmer's family neither hair, moss nor
leathers need be procured for beds. : Soft
inside busks, well hatcheled, are wholesome,
elastic and durable.
In holding prod uce for higher prices the
loss on shrinkage is usually under estimated.
Potatoes for instance, will often shrink one
fifth during a winter in the cellar.
Soil under bams or stables that have been
standing any length of time is usually very
rich in nitre and is especially valuable in
the compost heap or as a top dressing.
To core the mange in calves, the New
England Farmer recommends a saturated
solution of carbolic acid,, one ounce in a
pint of water. Apply with a soft sponge.
A Philadelphia doctor says that washing
horses in the morning with water in which
one or two peeled onions are sliced, will
keep all the flies at a distance. The experi
ment is worth trying.
It is said that fix drachms ot carbolic
acid, dissolved in a gallon of water, is a sure
protection of vines against insects. The lit
tle striped bug dislikes this preparation and
seeks his dinner elsewhere.
A sure remedy for apple tree borers is said
to be to plug up their holes with tobacco.
The borers come down to the entrance to
push out their chips, and finding an obstruc
tion, attempt to remove it, when the tobacco
kills them without fail.
. - r t
A correspondent of the Country Gentle
men says that hand friction always rub
bing down will certainly keep wind galls
from increasing, and if well applied for a
half an hour at a time, twice a day, will re
move a new one, or materially check one
of long standing. t . . r
The cattle plague is prevailing to an
alarming extent in Bedford connty, Tennes
see, and the cattle are dying off fast. They
seem to have it strange disease. ' Their legs
first Bwell, and' after the body, and
death ensues.- Some of the finest cows in
that place have died within the past week.
A hundred years ago it was settled that
the shortening of the tap of the root of a
tree was no injury, and at the present day
some of the most practical ot our pear grow
ers cut the tap roots so as to induce the
tree to throw out lateral roots, and thus
save trees from being swayed so much by
high winds. :
A correspondent ot the Rural New Yorker,
believes that the wrinkles in a cow's horns
do not show the number of years it has seen,
but the.number of times it has shed its coat.
He thinks the first wrinkle appears when the
animal sheds its hair the third time, and
thereafter one is added every time it goes
through that experience.
Bcgs ajtd Cockroaches. Boil one ounce
of pokeroot in one pint of water un'il the
strength is extracted ; mix the decoction
with molasses, and spread it on plates in the
kitchen or other apartments winch arc in
fected by these peats. All that have par
taken of this luxury during the night will
be found "organic remains" the next morn
ing. '
Place a bone in the car.h near the root of
a grape, and the vine will send out a lead
ing root directly to the bone. - In its pas
sage it throws out no fibres but when it
reaches the bone, the root will entirely cov
er it with the most delicate fibres, like lace,
each one seeking a pore of the hone. On
this bone the vine will continue to feed
as long as nutriment remains to be ex
tracted. .
Worms nr Swtsb. In answer to an in
quiry as to the cause and cure of worms in
pigs, a correspondent of the Maine Farmer
says: uIf the waiter will take A be peiis to
Rive pigs a handful of good rock silt at
least three times a week, in their food, until
killing time, I think bis pigs will thrive,
provided he eives them enough to eat. The
cause of pigs having worms is, I think, the
want of the preventive salt. rigs uaruiy
ever get any salt, except what they, can get
from the slops of the kitchen.
V . a rt T71 ... . f.. ... -
should keeD a Reran book of some kind, in
which a certain p -rtion should be devoted
to each particular topic in which he is in
terrested; for Instance, so many pages to
wheatu many to other grains, so many to
horstf'gt many to cattle, sheep, swine, fruit
grnwf -fmanures, daily management, etc.,
Mc- jfrieV when' in reading the Fanner's
Coltf. j the Journal, or any agricultural
.Oiling st tine I oe nunu as espec-
cut H out ana insert n in iu
nenji pf .the book. In a few
la MtMiUmHlt of atrrirntture
. hered. tdr which reference
f . man h'"7 P'lniS 5
Pv-M-ot winy Any for the operation, then
"JZ-nce tor the plants nnd have to take
fli change m "; mem
4 .a A-A n t b ttnif HI lit a 11 fnr nlmntinu. it
Ironies a ratlier uncertain operation. Spring
lnairB tooe V"c l'icr uuie iui ft
iSElclicate plants, unless one can choose
I'"!.. ' T... i.......Unlinir We
1 sve 'set out strawberry plants m Au-
aid e next ' ibey prod1
'UH "T ,.,..,. . t, i. :,,..M .re ex-
ccpti n V i ; -
. A mu . .irrA4nnndant OI
"I L M- - 1
. ..4m tieiitlr-iiuni nl:inliil lew acres
rha if"" i ,
riimis which were large enongh to begin
" 1 . i a . i. i t..i liv
. feed ane am wevr. ju ui ji, - j
m .rA ta niirs. and no other feed given
iT til the last week' in September. No lot
,.r.,iseouId have d.mc Iwtter, growing and
r'p : nr.A -,i;ii,-, ail. the while.
kec''' .5 f .ilvoMtr fjrfikirnr white tiir iips
ft J, nader any tireiimstance. Thoy are
Ior r. ih. raw in warm . weather.
mixed ' with
Sf nlv of meal, but p9tatoes arc so much bet
Vl ib"l half the meal mixed with thciu
would tee" "
! How and Whbk to Usb Makures. -The
best method of nsing stable or bamyard
manure for corn or potatoes, is to haul it
fresh from the cellar in the condition which
it rests in the vaults, spread it upon the
plowed field, and harrow it in.with a Qeddea
harrow. This is what we call "long manure,"
and a form which, according to the opinions
of many farmers, is unsuited to immediate
use; also, it is objected, that In spreading
fresh manure upon plowed fields and cover
ing It superficially with earth; much of it is
lost by evaporation, or, more correctly speak
i(g, certain volatile, gaseous constituents
rise on the breeze and are watted away.-' In
onr view, both of the notions are Incorrect
The excrement of animals must undergo a
kind of fermentation, or putrefactive chance
before it is assimilated by plants, and it is
tetter that this be carried forward in the
field, as there it is in contact with the soil,
which is greedy to absorb all the products
of the chemical thange. :i Creative power
ha bestowed upon dry earth prodigious ab
sorptive capabilities. If a' lump of fresh
manure as large as a peck measure is placed
upon a plowed field uncovered, or allowed
to ferment or decay in the open air, the ab
sorptive powers of the earth are such that it
win actually attract towards it ammoniacal
and other gases, and thus rob the atmosphere
of its natural volatile principles. - A film, of
earth no thicKcr than the rind of an orange
placed over a lump of manure will effectual
ly prevent loss of mannrial products under
all peesible circumstances. -' It will be agreed
then that a harrow is equally as effective as
a plow in protecting manure in the open
field. 'It is better to have the manure near
the surface; as the' rains can reach it, and
dissolve, the soluble, salts, and by percola
tion carry them down to the hungry roots
of plants.
I Long manure ' is not lost when deeply
turned under by the plow, but the farmer
does not secure the whole value of his dress
ing .under this mode of treatment in . any
case, and on some soils the loss is a most
serious one. In the process of soap-making,
it becomes necessary to set up a leath. Now
the farmer will not attempt ta exhaust the
tub of ashes of its potash by forcing water
into the bottom and dipping the liquid off
from the top. The natural percolating or
exhausting process is downwards, in accord
ance with the laws of gravity. The soluble
alkalies and salts are driven downwards,and
in the case of the leach we must have a vessel
ready to receive them at the bottom, and in
the case of the same substances leached from
manure, we must have the manure so placed
that plant roots will be at: hand to absorb
them before they pass beyond their reach.
Manure is never so valuable as when it is
fresh. ' It then holds in association not only
nil the fixed soluble substances natural to
the solid excrement, but much that is ot
great value, found only in the liquid. It is
ia a condition to quickly undergo' chemical
change, and the gaseous, amnion ical pro
ducts secured are doubletbose resulting from
that which lias been weathered in a heap out
of doors for several months. Bottom, Journal
of ChemUtry.
Impure Dri.nklsq Water. Now is the
season when we should guard with the ut
most care against every possible contamina
nation of our wells and springs. During
the winter, spring, and early summer, tha
amount of water in the soil is sufiicient to
keep any slight impurity so far diluted as to
be comparatively unimportant, but during
this and the succeeding months, when the
springs are low, when most of the water
bearing strata of the soil have nut dry, the
virus is so concentrated as to tell, with of
ten fatal effect, on all who use the water.
This season of low wells is peculiarly the
season of typhoid fever, epidemic dysentery,
etc., and it stand every sensible maM in hand
to provide at once for the purification of
the source from which the drinking "waler
of his family is taken. A single' cup of
clear water, from the spring, may arry the
seeds of a fatal disease, and typhoid or dys
entery may come, like a thief in the night,
and carry away the piide of the house:
Then there will be lamentations over the in
scrutable decrees of Providence. ' T ' ' :
If no well or spring is at hand which is
surely free from coataminaifotv-wb.ich has
no streak - of gravel connecting k with a
privy-vault, a - cess-pool, or ' a barn yard
then, by all means, commence by providing
a good supply of rain water, and1 end by so
ai ranging the establishment that no atom of
the waste of house or bam shall find its way
into the lower soil. Agricultural. , :,
; Pbkservdjo Eoos. At a late meeting' of
the Western New York. Farmers' Club, Mr.
Quimby gave his method pf preserving eggs.
His practice is to gather the eggs from the
nests, and when two or three dozen are ob
tained, to place them in -a wdiah mA pom:,
scalding water over them, and immediately
tum it off. This process is repeated three
times, by which means the Albumen is fixed
or coagulated, the pores of the shell closed,
and the egg, as it were, canned in its own
covering. Thus prepared t he eggs are ready
to be packed away in the cask designed to
hold them for future use. Spread a layer of
salt over the bottom of the cask sufiicient to
steady the eggs, and then set them in a cir
cle, apex downward, till the surface is cover
ed with eggs. Add more salt, and proceed
as before till the cask is filled the top layer
being covered with salt for the exclusion of
the air Put down in this way eggs will
keep as fresh as when first laid, for a long
time. They have been found as fresh
at the end of the year as when first laid,
with no perceptible change in their flavor.
CuRcruos Kept Off by Hogs. In con
firmation of the theory that thecurculio will
not meddle with the fruit on trees standing
in a hog-pasture, correspondent of the Ru
ral New Yorker relates the result of an acci
dental experiment made by him on his farm
in Indiana, some years ago. Wishing for a
lot to feed his hogs in, he made a fence which
enclosed about one half of a parcel of some
twenty plum trees, which blossomed full
every year but matured no fruit, as it all fell
off before ripe. That season the trees outside
of the hog yard dropped their fruit as usual,
while those inside, though the hogs almost
dug them up by the roots, not only grew
well, but were so full of plums that the
branches had to be propped op. ' The next
season the fence was changed so as to take
in the trees left out the year before, and the
result was plenty of ripe fruit from all of
them for several years. Others, he said, tried
the experiment with the same result.
Farm Imptements. Keep constantly in
the tool house a dry cloth and an oiled one.
When a tool is brought in, as it always is
when the day's work is done, it is cleaned
and wiped with the dry cloth. If it is not
to be used the next day, the oiled cloth is
then rubbed over it. Whenever a plough
or cultivator is not to be used the following
day, it is brought in find cleaned. By pur
suing this course through the summer, every
implement is kept bright and ready for use.
In addition to this,, does, shovels, spades,
etc., are kept sharp. All this time use lard
oil, but when there' is no further use for
ploughs or cultivators, give them a good
coat coat of linseed oil, This forms a cov
ering that is impervious to moisture, and the
tool is as bright in the spring as when laid
away in the fall ' . - --""
I Recipe for Stewed Beef. House
wives who are in the habit of using only
steaks and roasts, mistake. A capital dish
may be made out of thei "ctuck1 as-'lhe 1
butchers call it, or the neck, when well pre
pared. Select a piece of meat as large .as .
you may require, wash it well to remove all
the blood from the outside, have your dinner ;
pot penectiy clean, salt and pepper the meat
Well, lay in the meat on the bottom and
cover it with water ; boil it from . two to
three hours, or till it is thoroughly tender;
uu imii au uuiun, m sprmKie oi sage, tnyme
or summer savory. 'If the meat ia fat, let
the water all stew oat a half an boor be
for the meat is put on the table, and when
your meat is browned well on one side in
the gravy, turn it over and brown the other
side. ' ' ' ' 1 I
Ccllcrs that are infested with insects should
be provided with tables, on which to keep
articles of food. These tables- ought to be
scoured frequently. Upon tbom green leaves
of sage, or tansy, and sprigs of southernwood
should be laid replaced with fresh ones
when dry.'' The legs of these tables should
be set in pans of water, to be kept filled du
rioz the summer ; this water and the leaves
will be the destruction of red emmets, black
Ws. and sometimes larger, vermin. ' Keep-
in" wood in the cellar often brings insects
there. "'
, I Vht Farmsbb should.be Organized
The following we extract from a very able
address delivered before the Minnesota Ag
ricultural Society at the State Fair, last
year, by CoL D. A. Robertson, of St Paul,
Minnesota. .-.-!
I With the exception of . husbandry 4 every
moneymaking interest, in this onr age of
money, is thoroughly organized, and ever
ready for aggressive or defensive action, as
the occasion may require, .whether in legis
lative halls, in boards of direction, or in the
market place. Our farmers are the most Im
portant working population ot the country
and produce three-fourths of its productive
wealth. Out of their toil and products are
directly or indirectly obtained, most of the
taxes, and yet they are at the mercy of all
other interests. A projected measure that
would transfer millions from the profits of
agriculture into other's hands may be resoU
ved upon , by half a dozen wealthy gentle
men, of . elegant enterprise, seated in a pri
vate parlor or around a board cf direction,
without exciting any more concern among
our farmers than if the Subject matter rela
ted to China or Japan. The reason is our
farming populations are cut up into isolated
fragments, and are beaten in detail, in poli
tics and in every thing else. - ' i .
Such facts as have been adduced show the
importance and necessity of organised , so
cieties, and like new order, the Patrons of
Husbandry, with frequent meetings and wide
extended fraternity, for collecting and dis
seminating valuable information, and for
mutual instruction and defence. Unlike the
rural pesantry of Europe, our farmers own
the land they cultivate. They are capital
ists, freeholders, citizens and rulers of the
state and nation. Tbey are or ought to be,
men of thought, reading and useful knowl
edge, as well as of manual work. -.
1 All other interests are armed and con
stantly on a war footing. Among the power
ful nations of Europe, when one arms, all
must arm. So it is in all communities. When
every interest is cared for, when every inter
est is prepared for defense, all are cared for.
Then there is justice, equity, peace and pros
perity for all. ' '
, Good wat of Cooking Onions. It is a
good plan to boil onions in milk and water;
it diminishes the strong taste of that vege
table. It is an excellent way of serving up
onions, to chop them after being boiled, and
put them in a stew pan, with a little milk,
butter, salt and pepper, and let them stew
about fifteen minutes. This gives them a
fine flavor, and they can be served up very
hot. .
I
FASHIONS.
New Styles in Bonnets Paris Eveaing'
- Dresses.
j ' From the N. Y. Evening Post " ;" '
! The new bonnets are a trifle larger than
those of the summer; very high on the top
and with the trimming drooping backward
from the centre over the back hair, instead
of forming a coronal, as' the past season.
Feathers will be extensively used for fall
bonnets, some having two small ones on the
top, with a long one curved and falling be
low the neck at the back." We scarfs are
fashionable upon bonnets, the latest and
most striking being that of one scarf. A
piece of lace a yard and a half long or more
is stitched to one side and brought aronnd
the neck, and tba-end drawn through falls
at the side. These tnlds of lace lie loosely
around the neck, and are becoming to a
pretty face, and help to improve even a plain
one.
FASHIONABLE COLORS.
! The fashionable colors in millinery this
fall are plum color, a dark rich tint new and
elegant in velvet; Russian green, a peculiar
shade of dark green, very becoming to a
blond, and though the shade can be worn
by a brunette, yet it will add little to the
charms of a dark-eyed beauty ; navy blue,
a dark blue differing from every blue that
been worn. Chesnut brown ia anew and
rich color, and in velvets and satins will be
a favorite and much sought after ; coral
color is destined to be fashionable, also, both
black and brown will be worn in velvets.
The Kile green is a new shade, a pale deli
cate tint, something like the peculiar shade
of sea-foam when it sparkles in the sunlight
Dark velvets, as brown, black, &c, will be
trimmed with brilliant colors. - ,. '
j A rich boonet of plain colored velvet is
trimmed with feathers and lace and a
cluster of velvet leaves. ' This droops low
on the forehead, as do most of the new bon
nets. Nearly all of the new styles resemble
more a round hat than the pretty little bon
nets of the past' j; . ' y . .
j A purple velvet has a revenue plaiting of
purple velvet a shade lighter than the bon
net, around the front; above this the black
Chantilly lace, feathers in two shads of pur
ple, and a long scarf at the back made of
Alencon lace, a new material, rich and ele
gant t,mt w-" be nsed on bonnets. The
strings are composed of a plain fold nf dark
purple velvet and a plaiting of a lighter
shade, an entirely new style.
i A pretty bonnet is butterfly shape, and
made of black lace edging. In the centre
of the front is a bow of beautiful green,
with two pointed ends falling over the top ;
short lace ends full over the hair, and on one
side is a cluster of flowers with sprays of
autumn leaves.
; A novelty is a bonnet of Russian green
velvet and the shape called Ligueure. This
name is historical of the time of Louis XV.
The velvet is in a full puff around the
edge ; a band above this with loops and a
pearl buckle ia front ; a wide standing puff
around the top, with loops and a buckle in
the centre:'- Twe small white -feathers at
tached at the back -carl -gracefully around
the top, and a long one, with a curve, falls
over the back hair to the shoulder. This
long feather is to be pinned to the hair, so
as to keep it in place. Green strings clasp
ed above the chest by a bow of green
velvet ...... .. .
iSomethiug unique is a black lace bonnet
ith an upright plaiting of scarlet velvet in
front The strings are scarlet velvet tbe
ribbon passing along the hack with a bow
in the center, and over this bow is a fall of
wide lace, and on the top is a beautiful
tysfl with a trailing vine - of buds and
leaves. i ,
A black velvet is pulled -over the frame,
and has a feather twined around the entire
bonnet, with an aigrette at one. side, from
which falls along lace scarf to twine around
tie neck. ,.r ;' : ; , 1 " .
A chaste style is black lace with alterna
ting upright folds of green velvet bound
with satin a shade brighter. At the back
is a spray of velvet leaves aud rows of lace;
4 white aigrette with a cluster of green vel
vet leaves on one side, and a circlet in front
of satin folds and lace.
! A brown velvet 'is decorated with two
shades ot drab feathers, and has a spray . ol
autumn-tinted leaves on the top. A aoyelty
& made of green velvet, and has a wide
plaiting resting on the forehead and running
around the frame. ' 'Above this is a cluster
of begonia leaves, that trails over .the
top, and a cluster , of autumn flowers and
leaves at the si de. The strings are of green
ribbon.
! The bonnets are to be worn lower on the
forehead than they have been, and it will be
fashionable to .trim with two shades of
leathers...' y. . , ,, ,
HATEBIAIfe
Cloth is coming more .and more into favor
for winter suits, and, if of good quality,
there is nothing halt so satisfactory. ,. .
A light all-wool ribbed ladies' cloth is
among the aew and admired fabrics of the
season, and is especially adapted for service
able suits; it is $1 per yard." ' r-".
English water-proof cloth achieved a high
degree of popularity last season, and the ta
vor accorded to it will undoubtedly be , in
creased this season.' It is so smooth, so du
rable, so light, and so warm,' that ladies
generally accord it a decided preference over
American water-proof, which soon loses its
coorr and is altogether rougher, and coarser
in appearance. The price of English water
proof is somewhat higher (it is very scarce
just now, and we cannot tell the precise
cost,) bat we presume it will not be in ad
y nee of last season, (two dollars per yard,
yard and a half in width) and the difference
is more than made up in quality.
; Velveteen is taking its place' among the
useful materials; and is especially employed
'for childrens' ohtsidc garments, v. As.
COEBESPOIfDIlNCE.
W are uet retponnUi for. tTie tw qf
Corretpoudenti.' S:4.,V , '.
; Communication intended or fublica
tlonmut be accompanied by the name of the
author. ' The name tetS not be fublithei-
unlem by requettbut tee require it at a
guarantee of good, faith. Editor, of
Staxdabu. .. , , , , ,'. ,
" " y for the Standard.
OUR FOREIGN LETTER.
i I t.;tr
The Adoption of the Fxaasian Osaatita
tioa Principal PrevisionsMode of f
AmendingLegislative, Executive () j
, an Judicial Departments-- ' '
Territorial Divisions ot the '':
: 1 Kiagtoea Relatiea of - Km u
State to Chorea aa v.
r Seaoal Araav
, . and Navy. ,
( ' Berlth,. August 6th, 186B.
On the 31st of January 1850, the Consitu
tion of Prussia was published and proclaim-'
ed. According to' the provisions of thiaini
strument, the Government is divided .into
two principal branches. The Legislative
and Executive. A co-ordinate Judicial De
partment is not recognised'. Constitutional
questions, which: would be settled by our
Supreme Court, are here determined by the
Legislature. ,
! The Legislative Department consists of
the King, the Honse of Nobles and the House
of Representatives. The Monarchy is hered
itary and confined to the male heirs. The
House of Nobles (Eerrenhaut) is created by
the Eng., ,He Is so far restricted, however,
that file members whom he may appoint for
this, house transmit this privilege to their
heirs,or at least enjoy it for the term of their
natural lives. . .-,
; The' House of Representatives (Abgeorne
Uu) is elected indirectly by the people.
Suffrage is universal. Every male .citizen
who has reached the age of 24 years and
who has not forfeited the right by crime, or
who is not a pauper at the public expense,
is entitled to vote at the precinct where he
has resided for six months immediately pro
ceeding. Neither is any intellectual or pro
perty qualification required for a representa
tive, nor is it necessary that be should reside
in the district for which he Is elected. Ev
ery two hundred and fifty votes chooses an
elector, and every thiee electors chooses the
Representative. ' . '
The passage of a law requires the concur
rence of the King and the two Chambers.
The King has an absolute vote and no bill
whic'.i has been rejected, can be proposed
again during the same session. An amend
ment to the Constitution requires a double
concurrence. It must first be sanctioned by
the King and Chambers, and after a lapse of
21 days it must be sanctioned again in the
same words and figures.
It is the prerogative of the King to call
the Chambers together, but he ia bound by
the Constitution to do this in the month of
November every year. He posseses also the
right to prorogue the Chambers, but he can
not do this for a longer period than SO days,
or more than once during the same session.
He must call both Chambers and prorogue
both. The term of the Representatives is
three years. They have the usual privileges
against arrest ; they verity returns ; elect
their own officers and committees; judge of
the qualifications of their own members, and
fix their own order of business. All revenue
bills must originate in this House, and they
must either be absolutely accepted or rejec
ted by tha ' House of .Nobles. No amend
ment is admitted.
The King takes the oath to support the
Constitution. His person is, of course, in
violable, hut his Ministers are responsible.
Personal liberty and security and the right
of property are amply protected. ; No ar
rest can be made without a warrant from a
judge, except in cases of open crime, when
even a private citizen may arrest and the
prisoner must the next day at furthest, be
brought before the judge who issued the
warrant be brought face to face with his
accusers and hear the allegations against
him, and then be tried by a jury of twelve
men. This is in effect a habea oorjnu before
the imprisonment The judges can only be
removed for malfeasance in office, and then
only by a decision of a tribunal of other
judges. The equality of all citizens before
the law, the right or all to acquire landed
and other property, to any honest calling,
and also the .right to emigrate, when not
liable to military iuty, are well established.
The privileges of. the nobility consist in the
right to wear the family arms, and to enjoy
titles. ' ! ' : ''-'
I The Executive power ia : lodged - in the
King. He precribes the forms and regula
tions under which all laws are to be execu
ted. He appoints all his Ministers at pleas
are; and through them,' all ' the Kxrontive
officers of the kingdom. 1 In the King alone
is vested the right to declare war and make
peace, to send and receive embassadors and
to enter into treaties with foreign 'nations.
The exclusive command of the "army and
navy is in him, and he is not restricted at
to the number to be called into active ser
vice. Hut limitations here are the responsi
bility of the Ministers of War and ot For
eign Affairs, and the right of the House of
Representatives to grant or refuse supplies.
Further, when the public safety requires it
the King may, during the recess of the two
Houses, proclaim what laws he may deem
necessary, provided the same do not violate
the Constitution. These royal decrees are
valid until the next session of the Houses,
when, they may be accepted or rejected.
i The Kingdom of Prussia is divided into
eleven Provinces ; the head of each Prov
ince is an over-President standing immedi
ately under the General Government at Ber
lin. The Provinces are divided in govern;
ment District, at the head of which stands a
President These Districts are again sub
divided into Kreite, and then again into
gemeiude, or townships, with their respective
officers. . It is through this machinery that
the royal executive arm reaches the individ
ual and executes its precepts. We may
gather a clearer, general idea of this system,
if we compare it with our own.: We have a
National, State, County and Township Gov
ernment The Province would correspond
to the State, the Kreite to the Connty and
the gemeiude to the township We must be
careful, however, not to confound the idea
of State with that of a Province. A State
possesses certain constitutional rights, not to
be exercised by the general government. . A
province is entirely subordinated and stands
more in the relation of connty to State to
the general government of the kingdom.
The Church plays but an inconsiderable
role in the Prussian State. The National
Church is nominally the Evangelical Re
formed, founded upon the confession of
Augsburg, but embracing every shade of
doctrine. Prussia oontutaea- to proteet and,
to judge from, the public prints, Rationalism
js pressing as hard upon Orthodoxy, that
this wing of Protestantism seriously ' con
templates making common cause with Rome
sod fighting tha last battle over the ground
formula of a common Christianity. The
church is under the control nf the Minister
of Spiritual affairs, who is also Minister of
Public Instruction. - The pastor is nomina
ted by the parish, and, if confirmed by the
Provincial Consistory, he is inducted into
office.' He is paid partially by the govern
ment receives fees fof baptisms, marrying
and burying. In the country he frequently
has a few acres of land to cultivate. Every
Sect is protected. The widest lattltnde of
Opinion is allowed and religions freedom is
perfect - The State, however, retains ' the
right of supervision and may at any time
dissolve any religions association whenever
public policy may require it There are in
Prussia 16,000,00 Protestants, 8,000,000
Catholics and half a million Jews.
Of more importance is the relation of the
State to the school. Hera 'Prussia stands'
unrivalled. The Csnstitution'-dedares that
public schools are indispensibfe to the se
curity and prosperity of the State. - A series
of school-laws have been enacted-' to'
carry this " into ' effect, in i virtue,
ot wmcn, every child in ,:' the
kingdom, however poof his "parents, may
receive a thorough etementarv : education.
The right to present: a teacher teats partly
with private patrons,' partly- with th town
ship, and sometimes with the Government
But every teacher must undergo a rigid ex
amination before the provincial .board be
fore he can be admitted. " The school 1b en
tirely independent of the church, and no re
ligious opinion is a bar to the applicant Not
only are teachers of public schools subjected
to this examination, but teachers of private
schools must also be qualified.. . The teaeht
ers are paid bj a township tax, and when
this is not sufficient fnr their support, the
balance is made up from the school fund, so
that a rich township contributes to the sup-'
porc 'ortno teacner in a poorer, one. me
State exercises the same supervision . over
the schoo) that it does over the church. It
prescribes the' discipline and the course of
study, makes all needful rules and regula
tions, and removes a teacher whenever it is
deemed necessary to do .so. , Attendance
upon the schools is compulsory, and from
the sixth year to the fourteenth. There is a
vacation of one month in the summer, and
holydays upon certain occasions throughout
the year. In the towns, the schools are busy
from lour to six hours ; in the country among
the laboring peasants the time is reduced
so as not to interfere with agricultural ope
rations. '; ' ''' ''i ' ;'. : i .
J The present military organization of Prus
sia, which was introduced sixty years ago,
Immediately after the Napoleonic wars, has
heen brought to the highest perfection. In
fact, if we were to characterize Prussia in a
single word, we would call it a "Military
state, and in the same sense that Hparta
was. , All that experience, science and skill
have heretofore accomplished has been con
solidated in the Prussian army. Every
Prussian, capable of bearing arms, without
exception, and without the right of substi
tution, is a trained soldier, and may be call
ed at any time into active service. The
military force of Prussia is divided as fol
lows,, viz:-' .; I. . i.: . - . . , . :. ' u. -'.i '
j Every able-bodied man, without excep
tion, must, with his twentieth year, enter
the standing army. After three consecutive
years of actual service, he receives a furlough
for five years. This class constitutes the
army-reserve, and is not called out except in
time of actual war. . Thus, at twenty-eight
years, tha term of service in the standing
army expires, but by no means the liability
tp further military duty. From 28 to 82
years is constituted the fiist call of the
Landvehr ; from 82 to 40, the second call of
the iandwehr (Landguard.) These are call
ed out, one after the other, as necessity may
demand. All other persons, under twenty
and over forty belong to the Landsturm, and
Would only be called out in the last extrem
ity. As this system has been in operation
sixty years, every Prussian is a trained sol
dier, and when called out takes his place in
bjs old company and regiment. In time of
peace, a company consists of 250 men ; 4
companies form a battalion and 3 battalions
ai regiment; in a regiment, therefore, 3,000
men. Five squadrons make a cavalry regi
ment 'In time of war these figures are
nearly doubled. ' Regiments are combined
into brigades, brigades into divisions, and
these into army corps. . (It might be men
tioned here that the military terms are the
same in German as in English and French.)
The entire standing army consists of one
guarde-corps in and around Berlin, and
eleven army corps in the eleven provinces.
The commissary and the sanitary depart
ments are models ot arrangement ; the offi
cers are thoroughly educated and efficient ;
the troops are of a hardy stock and their
discipline is clockwork. Add to this , the
needle-gun and the light steel breach-loading
cannon ; the unity and excellence of the
railroad and telegraph system ; and then
consider that all this machinery is under the
absolute control of a single will the King
and you will not be surprised at the splendid
result at Kocnniggratz, achieved by Prus-
nan soldiers who bad never before been un
der, fire. Prussia is armed to the teeth, and
stands with her hand npon her sword, sus
piciously eyeing the motions of France on
the Rhine and of Austria in the south.
' ! The young Prussian navy consists of be
tween 90 and 100 men-of-war, mostly steam
ers, t Its first effort was during the late war
with Denmark, and it acquitted itself quite
handsomely in its contest with this veteran
of the seas.
i . V. BERNSTEIN.
-1,!
For the Standard.
Mb, Editor : A few words from Pitt
will give the correct information desired.
A lew day ago we saw a piece in the Tar
bioro' Southerner expressing great concern
about the politics of Pitt county. It was of
the opinion that the politics in Pitt was in
a muddle. We know the Tarboro1 South
erner, and the author of that piece, and, to
confess the truth, we must say tbey are both
good fellows and will soon be all right. They
have listened to the slang and abuse of the
original secessionists until they can stand
them no longer. . They have seen the folly
of the course pursued by that class of men
until they are perfectly convinced that all
that is necessary to be said is to read the
Stabdard, and we are very happy to see
that many good fellows are finding it out
and you will soon see their subscriptions
coming up. This all gives rise for a call for
Jo Turner to come down to Pitt make a big
speech and convert all creation into seces
sion again. But if Jo Turner comes down
here and makes a speech against W. A
Cherry, the Republican candidate, it will be
ai long time before Jo Turner is Governor of
North Carolina; but if he will come down
here and make a speech for W. A. Cherry,
take hold of the principles of right and go
for the right, three fourths of the people will
say three cheers for Jo. Pitt county is able
tp take care of herself and will do it if ten
Jo Turners come down here. Is Jo a fire-
eating secessionist ? We don't believe it of
him, but, as we have said before, time is
drawing the lines, snd those who are caught
in . the sccesh net may expect to receive
their reward-
i We who now go for the United States
(government in all her troubles, abuse, and
struggles, for preservation, for independence
and. for ..liberty, . will certainly remember
those who continue to persecute and slander
us because we are true to the Government
that gave us birth. ' ' 1
i But notwithstanding the persecutions and
slanders imposed upon as, we desire to carry
out the, true, principles ot, Christianity, pa
triotism and civilization, as peace and good
government require. The war is over, and
we now wish to do right and it would af
ford us much pleasure to see all those who
have been misled-by -abusive secesh orators
to come up and give us a hearty shake of
the band tor having, discovered . their mis
take. Come up, we will kill the fatted calf.
MLet us have peace." Jo Turner, one of
the great Raleigh orators, is invited down to
Pi tt raise a grand j ubilee. What would you
think if three or four civilized orators were
fc come down and immerse Jo in that grand
time and let him go back to Raleigh a pen
itent convert. i,; We think a heap of Jo, but
his raoe-s nearly run. .-. .., . .
There are three ereat davs now in the fu
tore to us, besides the day when the last
trumpet shall sound. First, the day of elec
tion in Pitt county on the 7th of October,
When thftiDemocratic candidate is likely to
Carry onlj four votes. ; . . ..
Second, the 2nd day of October, when Jo.
Turner is to raise his grand jubilee in Pitt
County, and convert all creation into seces
sionist Third and last but not least the
day when the eyes of , the secessionist will
be opeiuid so they u wc what they do
when they oppose the United States Gov
ernment. It is a self-evident faet that the
people of Pitt county are a peaceable, good
and well behaved people. , They have beard,
war and abuse until they have no use for
any man who indulges his inebriated pas
sions in the abuse of any man. It is hot ta
tav we dislike to hear the abuse of srood
men, but we' do not like to hear any abuse,
nor do we wish to sec any man imposed up
on tor expressing Dimsell in lavor ot repub
licanism. We very -respectfully invite se-
ecsh orators and their fire-eating followers to
be careful how they abase Kepwthcans and
the omctaia.,: vys might accidentally tail in
to their Jaancli, and then . how would we
tccl in ' .good company ' which we
have abused so much. - ivi.,. :
i The moral advantages of secession are om
the declinaa we thins: will soon cease to
be a virtue in, spite of all the power of the
whole code of secesh orators, who have la
bored so nard to keep alive toe war spirit.
They narrat strained their lungs and their
ettarts, wad uave only shown their .7 backs "
to the government.,
I -They ' hare tried " to make Republicans
stand fow by their Uncivilized abuse, until
they themselves stand so politically low that
even thojnpgt,, significant will not vote
lor them. -,,-r
! Did Andy ever try to build tip the Demo
cratic party iik the South out of the down
fall of secession and the lost cause, and find
himself and Joe Turner in one end jf the
Scales of Justice, and every body else hi the
other end." If so', when they repent, kill fbi
them the fatted goose. ! Joe and Andy ara
both good sheep and -can bleat mighty loud,
why not come in the fold and save, 11 that
good bleating. ' " '" J j:
j Statesmen live, and so do lawyers and ed
itors, but demagogues die, ' , t!: J a S.f
i t it
f t. 1 a ; ": hJforine standard. ;
The Groom Case Joe , Tuner's fipeeeh
at Wentworth.
Mb. Editor ; The Sentinel, it ' seems, is
determined to misrepresent the trial ot Mr.
Zach Groom, which I detailed in my-com-
municauon of m iu-- 1 - - :
The Sentinel ol the 80th says that Lewis
Watt and son made affidavits that Mr. Groom
offered them ten dollars to bum the houses
of some half a dozen gentlemen. What
did Lewis Watt and son testify before Jus
tice Starrell ? They swore that Mr. Groom
did not offer them ten dollars to bum the
houses of some dozen gentlemen. . Conse
quently, Lewis Watt and son are now in jail
awaiting a trial for perjury. - . - !
The Sentinel does not. tell the people that
the prosecutors gave Mr. Groom a written
statement clearing Mr. ' Groom from all
charges. It does not tell the people that
Gen. Simpson, Dr. Simpson, and J. W.
Thompson stated upon oath, that they knew
nothing of the character of Mr, Groom to
justify the belief that he (Mr, Groom) would
be guilty of the cnarge upon which he was
arrested, and that they had prosecuted Mr.
Groom upon the affidavits of Lewis Watt
and son, and for no other reaton., ,
Now as to the character ot Sat. Urooni :
i The Sentinel says that several witnesses
testified that the character of Mr: Groom
was bad: that Henry Thomas said it was
bad for truth and honesty.',- Each witness
could testify that the neighborhood said the
character ot Mr. Groom was bad: ' Wliyt
No reason could or was given why his char
acter is bad. There is no act of Mr. Groom's
life that makes him a bad man. He never
voted the Democratic ticket; he never rob
bed any person ; he never killed any person.
On the other band, Mr. Groom has been a
consistent member of the Methodist Church
ia good standing for more, than ten years.
His whole life has marked him as a eood
citizen; aud but for the devilish spirit of
persecution, that exists in the Ku KIux
Democracy of this State, there would never
have been anything gotten np against Mr.
Groom. There is good reason to believe
that the arrest and trial of Mr. Groom was
planned and arranged before be was arrested
or the public knew anytmng ot the case.
Men, with the spirit of Hell in their bosoms,
With no courage to back them, were at the
bottom of the whole matter. There is a
possibility that the public may know more
of this affair than the provicators or Joe
Turner desires that they should know. , I
am done with this case. Every honest good
citizen can see through the whole matter.
abd believes that Mr. Groom is entirely in
nocent Every Ku Klux, like Joe Turner,
believes him guilty. . ,. " . -.
(The Sentinel chuckles over the tact that
the Standard called for news from Joe
Turner's speech at Wentworth, and received
a, long communication rrom Jtockingnam
but nothing from Joe's speech. .
You chuckled too soon, Joe. Here is the
gist of your speech.
After dealing in a great deal of blackguard,
and talk about taxes. Settle's bridge, the
Ring, railroad appropriations, and carpet
baggers, he commenced upon the Union
League. He told the people that the Union
League was the cause of all the Ku Kluxing
that had been going on in this State ; and
that this oat n-bound association was danger
ous to liberty. Further, when speaking of
te outrages in Jones county, he said that
Sheriff Colgrove had been killed because he
oppressed the people of Jones until some of
them shot him ; that Mr. Colgrove. was a
bad man, a man that the people might well
be afraid of, and that he deserved his fate.
Further, that Judge Settle and Judge
Toupee had offended the good people of
Rockingham as much as Colgrove did the
people of Jones, and that Judge Settle and
Judge Tourgee were no better than Colgrove!
What is this but trying to mate men to
tike the life of the two judges mentioned !
That was the mission of Joe Turner to
Wentworth. He would thank God to know
that his cowardly attempt to have murder
committed had been carried out , . :
j Judge Settle and Judge Tourgee would
have the editor of the Sentinel to know that
tley do not fear the Ku Klux nor Joe Tur
ner either. If Mr. Turner must have two
leading Republican Judges Ku Kluxed, let
Mr. Turner do bis own work. No man who
hired some person to shoot through his win
dow tor the purpose of making the public
believe that somebody tried to assassinate
h)m, will meet a man face to face for the
purpose of taking life. As a leading Demo
crat remarked there was no difference inJoe
Tjumer's speech this time from any other,
only that be did not break his tickler this
time. . .
J , . ROCKINGHAM.
Rockingham county, Oct 2, 1869.
Fine Fruit...
At the fair of the American Institute, now
being held in this city, ' Kansas has the
finest representation of truit of all the States.
There were sent from Kansas to be placed
op exhibition at the fair two hundred and
seventy varieties of apples, twenty five of
pears and five ol grapes. There arrived in
good condition, and were placed before the
public, attracting a great deal of attention,
one hundred and ninety-eight varieties of ap
ples and five of pears, the others spoiling on
the way. The largest apple from that State
weighs one pound and ten ounces. Gra
cious, what an old-fashioned apple-dump-ljng
this would make for a school boy to
eat cold after coming home tired from sli
ding down hill with the girls I If Kansas
Weeds this way to this extent of fruitful
Bess, we say let her bleed. At this rate-it
Will not belong before that Will be the great
Estate for apple-cuts and bees, where not on
ly apples, but young people, are paired.
J California also sends a fine display, but
not equal to that from Kansas, except in the
line of grapes, in- which respect it is our
opinion that California will take the premi
um. Some of the pears and grapes from
Qalifornia are the finest we ever saw from
stay country. Looking at some of the speci
mens, contemplating the display arrayed on
plates duly marked and numbered,; we fair
ly longed to taste them, arid desire beyond
bower of words to express to be where such,
beautiful fruit does grow, for to onr mind
there mast have been the original garden of
it den. JT. 7. Democrat.
(Fears of the Brave. "
It is a curious fact that men who have
been prodigal of their lives in battle, and
have passed through many H hair breadth
'scapes I' th' -imminent deadly breach,"
should have so great a dread of death when
it comes from the hand of ad assassin. It
ii said Cromwell was never seen to smile af
tfer he had read " Killing no Murder," in
Which was advocated his assassination. Sit
Neil Campbell, in bis journal lately publish
ed, gives us a graphic account of the fear
Which Napoleon felt for his life during the
journey from Fontainebleau to Elba.- , On
leaving Orange, where he bad been received
with derision and abuse, he left his carriage,
and, enveloping himself in aRnssian cloak,
3'nd wearing the white cockade iq a com
lon round hat lie rode on in advance of his
escort, accompanied by only, a single courier
ana aunng lugresr-oT tnojonruey repeated
V changed names and clothes with the com
missioners, who accompanied him. So
ohary, then, of life, was the hero of Lodi. '.
1
mTi in Tniiana ' -Kri '1lM,?aw,;n
Ecalf, a resident Of Millersburff, was born
in the 10th day of May, 1764, in Johnston
iounty, North Carolina. He lived in Ten
nessee in 1828, moved to McDowell county
In 1883, and thence' to his present residence
hi 1852. He is a farmer, of sound mind,
fcnd has. been a member, of the Jgethodist
i;nurcn tor o years. . . , , -
l-ti'
i An international exhibition ot velocipedes
Opened at the Crystal Palace in London on
the 6th inst The Star says the 'German
and French machines were no more than re-
reductions of the English, as English are
1 the main of American, and the English
machines ate extremely like one another.' '
Sir Samuel 'Baker's expedition to the
iprces of' the Nile started on.Aumist 18tli
and consists of 1,700 persons, ' ,,
The Western Desert ., . , . .: -;
Not one year has passed, since ,we rode
er the Western nlains in a staee coach be
tween the termini of the Union and Central
r-acmc railroads, laistance seven annum
miles,) seated beside the driver night and
cfey until the whole distance was accom
plished, and we. profess, to know something
about the appearance and condition of the
American desert There is absolutely nd
grass on the route of these roads, with rare
exceptions. . The prevailing characteristic)
ii hopeless sterility, , Sage-brush and alkali
flats cover an enormous expanse of country,
which is no more tillable than tire pave
ment in Broadway, the soil being so impreg
nated with strong mineral salts that neither
animal or vegetable life can subsist on it . .
j A coach passenger might ride for days
without seeing other signs of rife than a
lizard or coyote, or perchance a herd of
scampering antelopes.. A tuft of "buffalo
grass " is pointed out as a curiosity.' In sev
eral instances Wells, Fargo & Co. were com
pelled to transport water for their stock
thirty miles. Cattle that drink from natu
ral pools are likely to leave their carcases in
the sand before going far. . Wide valleys or
"sinks", ore white with pure soda as to re
semble expansive sheets of water glistening
in the sun, and this illusion is so perfect
tkat it is with difficulty dispelled even when
wagon trains are seen wearily movinot across,
j It will be remembered that Gen. Pope en
deavored to produce artificial irrigation by
suiking wefls,but the effort w-s finally aban
doned. Even on the line of the Union Pa
cifiic road some wells proved to be without
value, on account ot the corrosive properties
of the water when used to make steam. The
huge wooden tanks speedily became incrnst
ed with a mineral deposit "'
The fact is simply this, that the bulk oi
all good soil worth having on the line of the
old emigrant trail is within the limits of
Utah, and the1 more immediate jurisdiction
of Brigham Young. ' The great Mormon
prophet bad sagacity enough to appropriate
the choice spotf, and it is only when ap
proaching the region of Salt Lake, either
fijom the east or west, that the Boil possesses
ninny attractions to the agriculturist. ' It is
true that here and there cattle grazers are
doing well on spots especially favored . with
wter. and many others (in the aggregate
quite large) are susceptible of cultivation if
Water could be found. Whether- the de--niands
nf an increasing population will in
duce culture of the soil under circumstanoes
s nnprnpitious, time will disclose. N. T.
p- , ' ' '
Ventilate Tear Children's Rooms. :
(Most parents, before retiring, make it s
duty to visit the sleeping-rooms of their
children. . Tbey do so in order to be satis-'
fied that the lights are extinguished, and
that no danger is threatening the little one
But if tbey leave the rooms with closed win
dows and doors, they shut in as great an
enemy as fire, although the ravages may uot
be so readily detected. Poison is there, slow
but deadly. Morning after morning, do lit
tle children awake, weary, fretful and op
pressed. "What can it mean ? what can it
be V the mother cries.' In despair she has
recourse to medicine. The constitution be
comes enfeebled, and the child gjows worse.
The cause, perhaps, is never traced to over
crowded' sleeping-rooms, without properair;
but it isy nevertheless, the right one. , An in
telligent mother, having acquainted herself
with the' principles of ventilation, will not
retire to her own room for the night, with-
opt having provided a sufficiency of air for
her children, in the same manner that she
provides and regulates their night covering
ot any other requisite for refreshing slumber.
! Sometimes, by judiciously lowenng a win-;
dow, and at other times by leaving a door
wpde open, this end may be attained. ; In
many houses the day and night nurseries
communicate. . When this is the case, the
windows of the further room should be left
open.: Even in severe, weather, young chil
dren can bear this arrangement .if they are
not exposed to a direct draft Minnctota
Monthly. , ,
' f .
, Present of Cutlery to the President.
i President Grant will shortly be presented
wjth an elegant set of cutlery, manufactured
bjr the Samson & Goodnow Manufacturing
tympany of Sbelbarne Falls, Mass. The
sot is the gift oi the workmen of the above
establishment, and consists of sixty-two
pieces two dozen dinner knives, two dozen
dessert knives, half a dozen carving knives
and forks, and a pair of steels, , The. forks
are two pronged. Half the set are in pearl
handles and half in ivory, the design of
both being the same. The handles are
gracefully shaped and delicately carved in
maple leaves. 1. The American spread eagle
engraved on the blades, which are joined
to the handles with heavy bands of gold.
Ojn each blade, below the spread eagle, is
the inscription, "U. S. Grant, President of
the United States." The case containing
the set is an elegant afitur,asd - quite in
keeping, being, composed of ; two kinds of
American wood butternut ,and bird's-eye
maple ; it is fitted np with' scarlet velvet
inside, with a compartment for each article:
We have no doubt that President Grant
will appreciate this presentation, not more
lor its intrinsic value than , for the spirit
which prompted the workmen to offer it .
I , 1 ,
I . . The Eyeless Fish. ,
' Capt D. H. Fester has just arrived in the
city tiom a tour somewhat extended, embra
cing, among other things, an underground
railroad trip through the utmost recesses of
the Mammoth Cave, in Kentucky, ot whose
wonrlers he made thorough and repeated in
vestigations 'Among other things, he es
sayed to capture and bring out alive one of
those wonders of animated life, the eyeless
fish of Lake Cethe, and he has accamplished
that in which no one else has succeeded, the
taking it awav and preserving it alive, so as
to bring it with him to this city, and it ia
now at the rooms of the Hancock Club,
where we had the pleasure yesterday of in
specting it. It is, as its name indicates,
Without nny eyes whatever, and about five
or six inches long, much like a catfish in
shape, but without scales or outer akin, and
14 penectiy transparent It teeds entirely on
the animalcule to be found in water, and
this must be regularly changed to supply it
With food. Th water most be kept at a
uniform temperature of about 57 degrees
Fahrenheit, special care being taken to keep
ii from being too warm. New Mean
Picayune, iBth. :
Women as Jarors.
This is one of the phases of the petticoat
sanrage question now being agitated. Unce
armed with the ballot, the duty of sitting
oh juries will be "imposed upon" the ladies.
Ifow it is a notorious fact that men are far
more lenient and merciful to female crimin
als than women are toward each other out
side of the court room. If they will not
share a ' weak or. frail one now, what will
they dd when clothed with the rights o
jurors 1 imagine a yuung ou pretty womasi
who has "stooped to folly," brought before
a jury in which are several irascible snd
alderly spinsters, who hold, the balance of
power, is it difficult to say what the verdict
will be ? Would the prisoner's beauty or
tears or repentence touch them I - Verily, no,
it the young thing happened to be the plain
tiff in. a suit for breach bf promise against
at handsomeJ rich young swell, would she
win her suit! . Truly, no. ' Could the ladies
on the jury find it. in tber hearts to give a
verdict against -"such a nice young man t"
Bless von no. ' Thus ' ft evident that with
crinoline in thd jury box neither would get
justice.
; paJt for the. Threat.
I An exchange says; ,uIn these days when
oisceses ot tne throat prevail, an particular-
J- a dry, backing cough, which is not only
istressing to ourselves but to those with
whom we are brought iata basiness contact,
those wus afflicted, may be benefited , by
, vying uie iouowiag remedy : ;'last tall we
were induce!) to try what virtue there was
ki common salt We dissolved a large table-'
"l'u,,"iui wiiumiiu Mih ju suuuk nan a
tumblerful of cold,.wter, and with this we
gargled the throat most effectually just be
fore meat time. The' result has been that
during the winter we were not only freed
from the usual cougbs andeolda to which,
as far as our memory extends, we have al
ways been subject, but the dry, hacking
cough has 'entirely disappeared. ' We at
tribute it entirely to "the salt gargle; and do
most cordially recommend it to thou of nn.
readers who are subject to . diseases of,, the J
throat , . 1 ' - -l
.4 Hocky
' f
1 Tribune,
. Sulphur
'as in Li t-
A correspondent of
has naid a recft v
Springs beyond th I
tk Wind Rive TalleV A
miles from
South Paso 'eityj and the description he
3vea of them Irvot Interesting. They lie
Ti a basin containing about 100 acres, and
are-s. quaiUrof a anil in STtant., , Tttamidi
d)e springtis bottomless,, seeming to come ,.
from the verykowek of thweaithj 'tad thetl
vphmwot hut water it throws out i-poasi
tfyety imsseasfcahe' wt -t' the edges
Was so hot that bb one contd- hardly hold
thehand in it and.the temperature gradiv
ally increased -toipurds the' centre. The
water is a deep brajtcolort strongly impreg
nated with sulphur and very clesr. The In
dians have long bathed In theas springs, and
call them "great medicine for aiok man,.; ,
aid the party of which the, eorrespondent
was a member found a-bftib. surf invigora
ting. It is quite a curious circumstance
that within a hundred yards rf the springs
a, well has been dug, wUcb obntains clear, , .j
ld water, perfectly sweety and:rWnt tne j j
least taint of sulphur Thn small streams
ii this yalley are remarkable for the quanti
ties of trout and white-fish Jhey cimtalfc
Two gentlemen took seventy-foteB;ef toe
speckled variety ia two hours, some of which
weighed nearly three pounds jNo, sooner
Would the hook touch ihajrAter," says the
correspondent, " than there was a splash, a
jerk and yon knew by the nervous' aighteni
ig of the line you were ready ta htnd fine
fish," , v. m -.'lis vr-rf Mi
Chicago Lady Shoots' her Brofher-in " !
, Law for Alleged Slander.
It seems that a man named W.: Caspar,
a piano dealer in Chicago, has been malign- i
iag and talking about Mrs. Mary C, Smith, Vi
Wile of the keeper of a second hand store.
Gasper is a brother-in-law of Mrs. Smith,, and 1 '
has not been on good terms with her.' About
three months since a niece of Mrs. Smith
ran away from her home in Detroit an
came to Chicago, where she led a-disreputa- .
bje life for a time, and finally cohabited
wjith a man who keeps a saloon on Clark "
street Mrs. Smith soon learned Of this, '
and persuaded her neice to go back to De- V
ttoit, where she was placed- hrthe House of
Correction. This proceeding incensed Cas
per, and it is stated by Mrs. Smith that he ,
basely slandered her thereanent Accord- ,
iagly, on Saturday night she procured a re- '
vblver and proceeded to 'Casper's residence,
and immediately after opening the.-door II
fired at him, the 'batf -taking"- effect in his
right side and lodging in the body. He fell
ti the floor, and the occupants .of the, room ,
adjoining, hearing the disturbance, ran into '"
te room, seized Mrs. Smith and' held her'
qntil an officer arrived. ' She was after ard
ken to the armory. The physician states
at Casper will probabiy jeeovex, though
e wound is dangerous. ,, . ...
Mrs. Smith expressed no sorrow for what
e bad done, but on the contrary, she stated
tlat she was sorry she hsd hot kfBed her
Sither-ia-law, and threateaato do tost the- a
t opportunity. ' u -w ; iJv.o.r.j .fc':;;'',ij
i . Measuriag by Photograph., , T
The North German -Coi-rtponden Ot the ':
6th instant says that the important problem.
: measuring distances . and constructing
ans and maps by meads of 'photography ', '
is at length been solved. - Durfng a Ibng
iwse of time various" "attempts have been
made and many experiments tried without
complete success. Since the art oi photog-1
raphy has been sufficiently improved to per-
mat the apparatus to be easily moved from
place to place, and to prince--pteturee
which are correct in s perspective point of 1
vfew, the Berlin photographer, Mr. Maydeor . .
bauer, has paid great attoatio to the sub
ject At length he succeeded in convincing
the Prussian government or the correctness
of his theories, and was Conmknlnaed ttf-i
iilrvey a fortification. The task was beset .
with innumerable difficulties, which for the , .
most part sprung from the defective nature '
of the instruments. In sir months, how-"
ever, he had succeeded in obtaining 600 '1
plates, and in so doing bad gained invalua
ble experience, so that he met. with ao great,
difficult; in completing a photogrammetrio
instrument of such simplicity that V work-' .
man quite unacquainted witn the art' was "
able to draw np a special plan of a fbrtress ti
on the scale of 1 to 3,500 after a few short .t
instructions. The photographic cement can .
therefore in the future-be. employed for '
number of important purposes. . , . ,
' ttvl v.y
Electricity iw the Maaalhctmra f Textile .
J Fabrics. .-d-(Jii-,U W
I A machine- for engraving the evUaders of
cbpper or brass employed in printing yoyen. u
iswtcs ami paper uangiugs, is an invention
of French origin. The voltaic current is
used to-determine, by means of electro-mag-!
nets, The slight sirailteneous' advance or' -withdrawal
of any number of en graying '7
diamond points from the varnished surface
ui tiie cupper loners hi uo engraved, accor
ding to the position of a corresponding me-,:
tal contact point on the non-conducting nrr-: J
fce of a prepared pattern." The pattern and
oy lender to be engraved are moved mechaiK
ically in concert, and the proportion pf (heir
relative movements can be. varied byline-''
chanical adjustment ' The engraving pomts ,;
have slight vibrating motion given tottem -.
Which snatches off the varnish, -whenever
brought into contact with it and produces
a series of zigzag lines, which facilitate tbe
retention of the pasty coloring matter used. ' "I
The prepared paitern'determines the move
ments at which the contact ocean; and tbe
concert between the movements of the. pat- .
tem ana tne roiiers produces a similar agree
ment between the pattern and the figures "'''
engraved, which may clearly be made larger "1
or smaller than the pattern in amy, desired -
proportion, end in; any required number. , ,
The copper when exposed, is afterwards .
ejehed by an acid bath. " ' " :-
Excitement mmmmt Proaerty Holders In
We copy si follows from the Alaska fimet i
of July 80th: ': y '
Much excitement and uneasiness' has ex-
isted among our citizens for some time, ow- a
Ug to the fact being known that the General l
commanding the Department, had received
orders to take possession of and hold for the
United States, all property witMtftbis Ter
ritory, not private Individ aal piaperty at oe
before the time of the cession of this Terri-,
ttry to the TJnited States by Russia. .With,
the exception of some seventeen buildings,'
the title to all 'the real property of citizens 1'
m tne enure Territory is derived rrom the q
administrator of the Russian-American Com
pany. , It is further rumored that officials,
intra in uolition at 'Washimrton.' hav dn-
clared that the Russian-American Company :'
The Hot
.were mrt pnTM cuuiTiuuaia wiirttA. liw
terms of the treaty, and .their property not ,
private individual property, within.' the. .
terms of the treaty, and It should, therefore,
have been turned over to the TJnited States,' '
bat since H was not,' tt Should now be taken
on behalf of the United States. " ' .9 at
! " ' ' ,' SSSS. ..u-M.Kt
t A St. Louis telegram states that John
Hoag, a German, of Kansas City, a few dayi
ago allowed bis wife and -children to leave
home with Charles Munith, and then fol-'a
lowed them to Jacksonville, UL, Where be A
shot his wife twice, tbe youngest of the chil
dren and Munitb, the paramour,, .severely
wounding them all, and' then made bis
escape. - V-1 '- '- ' .- .-. J. sj; iui ioi
j The Assinaboine Indiana of Montana store
a blanket from a steamers crew, israd 'soon V
after the small-pox broke out among them,
' The Sioux tribe filched tbe same from them !
but received that malignant disease with It,-'
. for which they are now going to war Wita '
the Assinaboines." This war and the small
pox will save the Indian agents some
trouble. ".-.v 1 - .; ' jc-j r; ,?9
) In the south part of Boston recently Mrs; "
nacusKwu, mm onwner and uttieciuld bare
alt duvT audrlmlv ir 1 1 .1 1
pumply are inspected of having poisoned
them, and Vimva ..t.j 1 rn.
vawona consioerable excitement 1- -
A black bear attempted fo'carry offa calf
n the pasture of am Iowa fanner, when n
foil wooded Durham ball attacked the bear
TOdrovJWrnfrothefldov '
Jnaasacnusetu stats constables ara'I
keptbusyiin destroying liquor seized by
them,; It is. estimated that a thousand gal ,
tons are daily emptied into the streets, p -
I W. .1 : ... . ...
A