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USE SILK PARASOL TAR ASTRONOMERS SUGGEST NOVEL WAY TO STUDY THECON. ' STELLATIONS Stars are Embroidered on Umbrellas of Ulna Hues. Geographers li.avo struggled long with tho problem of mapping tho spherical earth on a flat surface, with tho result that the public has ac quired a most distorted Impression of rolatlve geographical positions. It Is now admitted that tho earth can not bo studied properly without a globe. In tho same way efforts have been made to depict tho heavens upon a flat map, with the result that many of the constellations are so distorted as to bo- positively unrecognizable. Somo time ago a wrltor In the Scien tific American susrccstod that a com mon umbrella might serve as a celes tial globe, or at least half a globe, by having tho stars painted on it In their proper relative positions. This would provide a very handy star map, which could be carried to tho point of observation In folded po sition and then opened out to semi spherical form representing the ap parent form of the heavens. By point ing the umbrella stick at the north atar, tho umbrella could be readily moved to a position corresponding with the heavens at tho particular time, and then It would be a simple matter to pick out tho various con stellations. The Idea has been further Improved upon by O. F. Iiarcus of Shanghai, China. A datk blue slllc parasol Is tisod, and on it the stars are either painted or cinliinldered. Each para sol represents one half of the celestial sphere, and by using two a map of the entire heavens ! obtained. For the jiurposo of teaching astronomy to school children the parasol may be jet In a table. The plane of the ob server's horizon!1- lepresented by the tablo top, which has an opening cut in It, through which part of the para sol projects. The umbrella stick is jiole of the heavens, and makes an tingle with the surface of the table equal to the latitude of the place. By means of clockwork the parasol Js. revolved at the same speed as the apparent revolution of the heavens, and a small Imago of the sun placed in Its proper position on tho parasol (as may he found by referring to a nautical almanac) shows by Its merid ian the time of day on the dial at the back of the pa'.-ipol. If tho sun's Image Is placed accurately the revolv ing parasol will show Just how far north or south or the east and west points the sun r'es and sets during the year and at what time before sit . m. and after "It p. m. the sun ap pears above tho horizon. For use In the Held to Identify the constellations It Is preferable to have tho stars painted on the Inner fare of the umbrella. The parasol is pro Tided with a narrow ribbon which raay be used to determine the posi tion of any point, the ribbon being divided into degiees by which declina tion may be reckoned. Tho ribbon lb movable about the center stick of the parasol and Indicates right atcen ion by hour and minute divisions narked on the litu of the parasol. HELGOLAND IS MIGHTY German Fortress Said to Excel Gi braltar in Strength. Helgoland is considered by tho best military authorities of Europe to be a more formidable fortress than Gibral tar. The highland of the island is cased In thick armor and there are about 400 guns, a louith of which are .sixteen or seventeen inch Krupps. .Most of the guns are disappcaiing mountings. When they lnrve been fir ed they sink Into deep pits under steel cupolas where they icmain until the Are raised to fire again. The gunners aie specially skilled Artillerists and can bring a concentrat ed the of many guns to bear upon un point whete a ship may ride. The place is bald to be piovlsioned for a' three year biege, making the "back door of Germany" hecure from any at tack. Crowds of torpedo boats and submarines shelteted under the high land arc in the haibor on the boui.li side of tho island. Above Is a wins less station. Many aircraft and Zep pelins are housed thine. All about Helgoland aie mine lields which no enemy's ship would dare undertake to traverse. Tho possession of this fortress brings Germany almost 100 miles nearer England titan she would be without It. Life Belts Dangerous, A life belt properly worn will keep anybody afloat for bonis, swimmer or no swimmer, In a moderate sea; but, swimmer or no swimmer, there is no surer way of' sinking than to wear a life belt upside down, as scores did to thir doom on that dread May morn Ing when tho Lcsitania went down Muny of the diowntd weie found llo.it liiS feet upwaul women In paitlc ular. There weio life bcltB for all, and when worn rlijht way up the heat' rested well out of the water on a son of pillow. But In repeating 'herself history has her choice anions a Urea rpr telr of oMftous stunt. COULD aHAKESPEARE EVEN WRITE AT ALL William Conway Says No, and Offers Signature as Proof. The question of who did "write Shakespeare" does not cencorn William Conway who has written a monograph on his Shakespeare theo ries, so much as "could William Shakespeare of Stiatford-on-Avon wrlto at all7"Mr. Conway Is convinc ed that whoever did write tho plays, it was not tho Bard of Avon, BOcalled. Ho bases his belief on evidence pre sented by certain existing signatures niudo by William Shakespeare, and which seem to prove him to have beeu an Illiterate man. Mr. Conway admits that, though so evidently illiterate, Shakespeare pos sessed native ability, manifested by his money getting faculties, and adds tho fact that as a theatrical manager Shakcspearo secured to himself the plays that ho did and thus stamped himself a competent man of business nnd a Judge of publlo taste. But in regard to certain deficiencies exhibit ed by his signature, Mr. Conway, af ter having made a study of tho char acteristics of signatures, says: "Observations of the efforts and performances of illiterate men in the laborious production of signatures has led mo to tho conclusion that here was a man ashamed of his Inability to write, made so by his associations and the rise in hli condition of life, seeking to cover his intellectual nak edness with a garment provided by a sympathizing friend. "The sympathizing friend in this Instance floated into the imagination in the form of some scrivener who set the copy so laboriously reproduced in the form of the signatures to the deed and mortgage of 1G13 and to the will of 1616." Mr. Conway refersto the original documents unearthed by Professor Wallace In 1910, and his theory Is that the solicitor who drew up the papers of tho mortgage and of the will is tho man who made fop Shakespeare a copy of his name, which the Illiterate Shakespeare then followed 'In scrawl lng uncertain Imitation to make the signatures to the documents. This saved hlrn from the humiliation of having to make hU X mark. A second document put in evidence by Mr. Conway is a fragment re lating to litigation In respect to cer tain money interests in the Globe Theatre. In this fragment appears, in two places, the name "Wllm. Shakes peare," written by the professional scrivener who prepared the case. Mr. Conway points out that Shakes peare's own signature appended Is a laborious Imitation, performed by a man who could not read his chirogra phy when he had written It. Mr. Conway Is convinced that this scrivener Is the man who made tho copy which enabled "Wlllni. Shakespeare" to ocoute legal papers without the humiliation of the "X mark" Tho rule of legal pro eedure lequlred the evidence to be written out and sisne'd by the witness before leaving tho presence of the court. "Special attention Is called to this signature," says Mr. Conway, "as it Is much abbreviated. The 'Great Dramatist,' who had at his command, as evidenced by the putative works, a wealth of words measuring five times the number gathered Into the diction ary of the time, uses but a moiety of the characters which ho had been taught to use as the ideograph to rep lesent his name. "We are told that he was Instruct ed to appear later before the court for a fuither examination; but the record nowhere bhows that he ever appeared, although the other wit nesses appeared a second time. Would they be considered cynical who might surmise that the position in which Shakespeare of Stratford found him self when called upon to attach his signature to the record In open court was one of extreme embarrassment in that he could not without borne ex posure of ignorance use his copy to guide his pen?" N. Y. Sun. OFFER SPECIAL VEHICLE Californlans Have f New Wagon to Carry Machinery. For transporting machinery of great weight troni one point to another in the mining districts of Caliloriiia, a specially designed ehiele, which is luted with wheels appioximately ten loot in diameter and diawn by a caterpillar Head tiactor, Is used. Ths wheels aie provided with spokes which aie set In the same manner as those ot a bicycle wheel, and are placed on heavy steel axles highly aiched in the middle. The purpose of this arching la to enable the load to be suspended be neath the axles instead of being car lied above them. This materially lessens the difficulty ot hoisting ma chinery onto the bed of tho wagon and also eliminates the danger of the vehicle being overturned on account of the load being carried high. Tho load is suspended by heavy chains. Popular Mechanics. New Way to Kill Sparrows. Bert Watts of Lebanon, Ind., has dlscoveied a new way to kill English sparrows, which are generally regard ed as pests, At his home, Watts has live mouse traps nailed on top of fence posts and on 'a grape arbor. lie puts bread or a little teed of torn kind on tho traps and U kept busy taking tho sparrows out la on day u klllsd soarir 100 at Um Mrda, NO TRUTH IN' REPORTED ILLNESS OF HEIR TO THE RUSSIAN THRONE 9 aianrlM mskisisaamsmBtktmiigm -Si-'ic -9W3?,&sK,'i'T; ra&3BK&$K 'IBS' 7wro' h,i- Hy -?ws wrawi a 3&$2SSSSS8i i'i'i .'."fttmBmrJr&mXtM0 gfer r,wKf ."msmmrMMmffmm 1 &&''? e-shX ilHSSMi!aiasS kiEF 4;;&m:mmsmmswmiLm THE HEIR TO THE Reports which have been persistently to tha Bmsian throne, la seriously ill are y DON'T !0U They Are Reaurnteq In Favor With Spreading Knowledge Tliat Good Exercise Is Best Health Insurance. Campaign Starts to Sell 1,000,000 No less an authority than Dr. Bessie Lobdell, of Chicago tells us that the girls of the land are fast developing what she terms "the slinker slouch" type. We do not like this expression but are sure all will agree that the aver age girl of today lacks that robust, sturdy, rosy, full-blooded, health that comes from exercise in the open air. Dr. Lobdell and other physicians say that bicycle riding is an ideal form of exercise for girls, ideal be cause it brings all the muscles into play, stimulates circulation of the blood, and affords pleasure every mo- THE CAT CAME BACK The case of Rusty, a Persian cat residing at Springfield, Mass., is a good exemple of the homing instinct in animals. The family that owned i Rusty gave him to some friends in Boston, but he didn't like his new' home and after n week he was mis sing. Five months later he appear ed at his old home in Springfield, hav ing found his way 100 miles. He was very thin, ravenously hungry, and his once beautiful fur was matted and stuck full of burs. He seemed (' .-' lighted to be at home again. j MILLION FOR WIRELESS St. Louis Star: An appropriation ) of a million dollars is asked of con gress to acquire the sole rights to a system of wireless control of tor pedoes from airships. As a coast de fense proposition such a method of using torpedoes would beat sub-marines badly. But congress has never encouraged war inventions by paying inventors anything for them. Even the famous Monitor was not paid for when she fought the Merrimac. Per haps our aroused sense of the need of defense may work a change. nil ii ii m ISf V "V RUSSIAN THRONE circulated that tha yoang Tsarrrttca, haft now denied by the Russian on mrannt. HIDE A BiGYGLE? Bicycles in the United States this Year ! ment of the ride. This form of ex ercise is not only good for girls but for boys and men. "Why not establish health, add new joys to life by riding a wheel? THE HANDSOME 1916 MODELS ARE HERE AND WILL BE DIS PLAYED IN SHOW ROOMS TUES DAY, FEBRUARY 29 NATIONAL BICYCLE DAY. Do you realize there are 4,000,000 boys and girls, men and women in this country who have found the bi cycle a help in doing their work? Think what the bicycle can mean to you during the delightful spring days. iA NEW AMERICAN DISCOVERY Odd Lot Review: Columbus discov ered America in 1492, America is discovering herself something like 500 years late. This country is learning for the first time how com pletely endowed with resources is the United Suites. In the beginning, this country was dependent on supplies from abroad. We have successively attained economic and political inde pendence. Last of all has come the attainment of our financial indepen dence. World leadership in all con structive enterprise now rests with the United States. Leadership en tails responsibility. In the next stage of progress, Americans must not only work hard but think on broader lines than ever before. CANADIAN SOLDIERS MAY PLANT CROPS Canadian soldiers in he dominion will l;o allowed leave to help plant crops next spring, unaer an order is sued by Gen. Sir Sam Hughes minis ter of militia. As there are 50,000 farmers in uniform. Gen. Hughes expects many men will avail them selves of the privilege. RIGHTS OPnTlSlF!ID American Institute o! international Law Adopts the New Declaiation. -o A Pan-American "Declaration of the Rights of Nations," prepared by Secretary Lansing und Dr. , James Brown Scott nnd adopted in executive session by the American Institute of International Law at its recent con vention held in Washington under the auspices of the Pan-American Scien tific Congress, is made public by Dr. Scott, president of the institute. Although the declaration lacks the formal ratification of the twenty-one American republics, and, therefore, is not an official document, its fram ers believe that it correctly sets forth official views ot the American com monwealths. Before the institute was called upon to consider it the dec laration was submitted to nnd approv ed by the chief nuthorities on inter- j national law in the South American ' republics, including Ambassador Su itress and Dr. Alejandro Alvarez of Chile. It was unanimously adopted January 15 by the institute, whose membership of 105 is made up of five experts on international law from each of the twenty-one American re publics. The declaration, it is said, embodies the institute's conception of only ele mental national rights and will be further considered at the next meet ing of the institute in Havana next year. It contains five primary sec tions which were fashioned with the United States Declaration of Indepen dence in mind as a model. Following is a summary of the dec laration: USES MAILS TO EXPORT The recently inaugurated censor ship by the British government of first-class mails to and from Germany has resulted in the discovery that Germany has been maintaining a con siderable export trade with neutrals in such articles as jewelry, chemicals, laces, pictures and toys, which have been sent as first-class mail matter by way of Sweden, Denmark or Hol land. Packages of this nature inter cepted by the British have been mark "samples of no value." See the Boyce Motometer and the Kellogg Motor Driv en Pomps ht the Toledo Automobile Show. February 7th to 12th Displayed by all ACCESSORY DEALERS EZRA E. KIRK, Distributor 719 Jefferson Ave. Toledo, Ohio Toledo's Big Cloak and Suit House offers Readers of this Paper Big Mail A waist value that will make hundred!, of friends for our fast grow ing Mail Order Waist Department. MICHAEL J. LEO 223-227 Summit St., TOLEDO, OHIO Suits, Coats, Dr&sses, Waists, Shirts and Furs o- First Every nation has the right to exist, to protect and to conserve its existence; but this right neither im plies the right nor justifies the act ot the state to protect itself or conserve its existence by the commission of un lawful, acts against innocent and unof fending states. Second Every nation has the right to independence in the sense that i has a right to the pursuit of happi ness nnd is free to develope itself without interference or control from other states, provided that in so do ing it does not interfere with or vio late ,the just rights of other states. Third: Every nation is in law ana before law the equal of every other state composing the society of nations and all states have the right to claim, and according to the declara tion of independence of the United States, to assume, am ng the powerj of the earth, the si uarate and equal station to which the laws of naturs and of nature's God entitle them. ..Fourth Every nation has the righs to territory within defined boundaries and to exercise exclusive jurisdiction over this territory, and all persons whether native or foreign found theiein. Fifth Every nation entitled to a right by the law of nations is enti led to have that right respected and protected by all other nations; for tho right and duty are co-relatives, and the right of one is the duty of all to observe. One of the British censors shows to the Associated Press correspondent articles worth thousands of dollars, which have been seized. NEW TERROR OF THE AIR The new German 200-horse-powee battleplanes are described as "ter rors" to the smaller air-craft of the French and British. Having a speed stated to be 180 miles and hour, they can overhaul anything that flies, and they are provided with armor and small cannon. . i pecial Your Choice of Two of Our $2.00 Values in Beautiful Shirtwaists Beautiful heavy quality white China Silk Waists either plain, em broidered front or all over embroider ed models. Sizes .'SI to 18. Resularly 2.00 Mail Or- tfj-j 4A der Special W Send express or postal Money-order. Elegant, dressy new voile waist, dakitly trimmed with embroidery and laces. Made with long sleeves and dainty turned buck cutis. One of the prettiest of the new 1916 models. Sizes :il to 18. Regularly $200 Mail Or- flj- -fl ft der Special 3X.At Send express or postal money order.