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Cpntember 26. 1913 PUNNING TO HELP CREDIT OF FARMER Riport of Commission That Visited European Nations. GOVERNORS REVIEW NEEDS. , w Senator Duncan U. Fletcher of Flori da Chairman, Makes Findings Known— In Many Respects the American Farmers Are Worse Off Than Those of Europe. \ Colorado Springs.—Following the in vestigation of rural credits and agricul ture co-operation in fourteen European countries by the American commis sion of agricultural co-operation, a pre liminary report was made to the con ference of governors at its annual ses gion held in this city. The report was submitted to the con ference by Senator Duncan U. Fletch er of Florida, chairman of the com mission and president of the southern commercial congress, which assembled the American commission. In part it follows: "The agricultural interests of most of the European countries visited by the commission are organized along one or more of the following lines: Credit production, distribution and so cial organization for the betterment of country life. "Organizations for the provision of credit facilities for European farmers follow the natural division into short time personal credit and long time land mortgage credit. The organiza tions for the provision of personal credit facilities are as highly developed as are the systems of commercial banking. The prevailing rate of inter est paid by the farmers for short time loans is from 4 to 5% per cent. "The personal credit organizations have the form of co-operative societies. Very often the members of these so cieties assume unlimited liability for the debts of the society, while in other cases the societies take the form of Photo by American Press Association. SENATOR DUNCAN U. FIJSTCHER. limited liability. As a rule, in Euro pean countries the law makes little or no provision for exemptions of any kind. These short time credit societies furnish cheap, safe and elastic credit to their members by reason of their control by farmers and are organiza tions exclusively in the interest of farmers who operate them at nominal cost and without seeking dividend profit to such societies. "The organizations for production and distribution of farm products fol low co-operative lines. Farm products are sold by the producer at a relatively higher price and are bought by the consumer at a relatively lower price because the cost of distribution is con siderably lowered by co-operative mar keting, which results also in Improv ing the quality and uniformity of farm products and in promoting more busi nesslike methods in farming opera tions. "Credit is the keystone of the organi zation proposed. American farmers possess potential credit of vast amount. The task is to discover a plan whereby that credit may be made cheaply and easily available. "In the United States the farmer is dependent upon a banking system op erated primarily in the interests of merchants and manufacturers, inter ests which are dissimilar to agricul ture. "These European credit systems seem to be of two kinds, those provid ine personal, short time credit for op erating purposes and those providing long time mortgage credit for works of Permanent development and pur chase. "1 have contended all along that our present banking and currency system Is framed to serve commerce and the Industries other than agriculture. For fifty years it has discriminated against agriculture, i am convinced this was not a deliberate blow at agriculture.' but arose for the reason that no com mercial banking system can be framed so as to adequately serve agriculture, must have a distinct system to meet tbe requirements of the farmer." PUT ms WIFE IN mwmcss. Husband Uses Spouse to Make Potato Digger Work. Asbury Park. N. J.-George W. K. Boyce, manager of the C. E. F. Het rlck farm near Farmingdale, was ar raigned before Police Justice P. F. Dodd of Neptune township, accused of beating his wife after he had hitched her with a team of horses in an un availing effort to make a patent potato digger work. It was charged Boyce hooked himself, his thirteen-year-old son and his wife to the digger, but the efforts of the three, despite the horses' aid, were insufficient for the farmer's purpose. Becoming enraged, Boyce is alleged to have beaten his wife and thrown her into a gully. The com plaint was made by a married daugh ter. Mrs. Grace Townel, of Elizabeth. N.J. Boyce was held in $200 bail to await the action of the grand jury. Mrs. Boyce disappeared after the alleged assault and was found working in a restaurant here. The couple became reconciled after the husband's arrest, but the charge still stands. MAKES HUSBAND'S COFFIN. Widow Walks Two Days to Camp With Body of Husband. Grizzly Gulch, Cal.—A tired little wo man leading a burro with a lopsided pack came down the mountain into this camp. Every man in the street helped to undo the hitches that fasten ed a plank coffin to the pack saddle and carry it into a house, where the woman broke down over the body of her husband, which the coffin con tained. She said her husband, P. T. Strib ling, a prospector, was killed and his partner badly hurt in a cavein on their claim. She made the injured man as comfortable as she could and placed provisions where he could reach them. Then she proceeded to build the coffin around her husband's body and suc ceeded in getting it on the burro's back. She walked twenty-four hours with hardly a halt to reach Grizzly Gulch so that her husband might be buried with suitable rites. "KISS IF YOU WISH," SAYS HEALTH EXPERT Disease Germ Does Not Lurk on Ruby Lips, Asserted. Chicago. — Health Commissioner Young has appeared as champion for the kiss. Other health guardians to the contrary notwithstanding, his ad vice is to keep right on kissing as often as the girl will permit; that the disease germ does not lurk and mul tiply on the ruby lips, as some experts claim. When the printers' proof sheets of matter to go in the weekly health bul letin were submitted recently to Dr. Young by C. St. Clair Drake, a strict sanitarian, the health commissioner found an article devoted to kissing. "That will never get by me," said he. The article, in part, read something like this: "And there is no telling the amount —the students of the subject claim the cases are numerous—of tuberculosis and other diseases communicated by a kiss." "Nonsense," Dr. Young said. "I will have to act as a safety valve here, be a regular Horatius at the bridge." Again he perused: "Therefore kissing should be avoid ed—should not be indulged in." To his secretary Dr. Young turned, issuing this order: "Have the entire article against kiss ing stricken froin the bulletin. Let peo ple kiss all they want to." "A kiss," Dr. Young said, "is dan gerous only when it is indulged in so as to lead to observation by an Irate papa or mamma. The degree of aggrava tion differs in each case." LANE SPENDS ENTIRE SALARY. Costs Secretary of Interior $10,000 to Maintain Home Atone. Portland. Ore.—lt costs Franklin K. Lane, secretary of the Interior, $10,000 a year to maintain a home as a cabi net officer and $2,000 a year for "Ice cream and pink teas," according to a statement he made to friends during his recent visit to this city while dis cussing the high cost of living for gov ernment officials in Washington. This dissipates his entirely salary of $12.- 000 a year, and he has nothing remain ing "excepting the glory." Secretary Lane said that he is not extravagant in his home, as he resides In the same residence he occupied while a member of the interstate com merce commission. He pays $1,500 a year rent for the home, has two color ed servants and is not a lavish enter tainer. BRINGS 2,400 SEALSKINS. Animals Were Killed Only to Furnish Food For Eskimos. San Francisco.—With 2.400 sealskins and 1,000 skins of blue fox, the steam er Homer returned from the Pribilof islands. The furs and sealskins were gathered from the United States gov ernment stations on St. George and St Paul Islands and are worth about S 1.000.000. Last year the Homer brought down 5,000 sealskins. Seals are killed only to furnish food for the Eskimos of tha islands THE KENNEWICK COURIER. KENNEWICK, WASHINGTON NORMS ATTACKS GREAT FORTUNES Senator Assails Astor and Car negie In Speech. TARIFF RIDER DEFEATED. Proposed to Levy 75 Per Cent Tax on All Inheritances of $50,000,000 or More—Outlines His Reasons For Be lieving Amendment Was A Good One—Defeated by Decisive Vote. Washington.—The names of Vincent Astor, Andrew Carnegie and other men of great wealth figured in a discussion in the senate on the subject of swollen fortunes. Several very unkind things were said about the laird of Skibo and the means which he had adopted to distribute his fortune. The discussion came up on an amend ment to the tariff bill offered by Sena tor Norris of Nebraska. It provided for a graduated inheritance tax. The tax starts at 1 per cent on inheritances of $50,000 and is graduated rapidly up ward to a proposed levy of 75 per cent on inheritances of more than $50,000,- 000. The Norris amendment was defeated by an overwhelming vote. Senator Norris said in speaking of his amendment: "To illustrate the working out of this amendment I wish to take the estate of John Jacob Astor. Let me say right here that I have nothing against any of the Astors or any of their predeces sors or any of those who live now. As far as I know none of them has ever done a dishonorable act in the acquisi tion of property. "As far as I know the present young Mr. Astor is perfectly honorable, per fectly honest and has not done any thing to secure his fortune that is ille gal. disreputable, unfair or dishonest. When his father. John Jacob Astor, SENATOR NORBIS. went down in the Titanic he left an estate, speaking in round numbers, val ued at about $90,000,000. "I am informed by the officials in New York city that this estate repre sents the increase in value of an orig inal investment—a great many years ago. of course—of less than $2,000,000 and that all of this immense fortune has been brought about by the in crease in value of real estate, princi pally on Manhattan island, in which for all these years the estate has been invested. "With an investment, let us say— and it is liberal, as I understand it— of $2,000,000 years ago made by the original Astor, the estate has grown until at this death of John Jacob Astor it amounted to $90,000,000. % During all those years, for several generations, the Astors have really done nothing except to see the estate grow and be come more valuable and to live in lux ury oflf its income. "This property, originally worth $2,- 000,000, now worth $90,000,000, has been made valuable' by the public. Every man who ever paid taxes in New York has contributed something toward its value. Every man who ever erected a building on Manhattan isl and. whether it was a mansion on Broadway or a humble cottage in the suburbs, has done something to make this estate greater. "From the man in the street who laid the paving blocks to the master minds that planned the giant skyscrap ers which lift their heads up in the clouds, every one of them has con tributed something to the Astors. Every drop of sweat that ever trickled down over the brow of labor on Man hattan island for a century has con tributed its mite to the Astor fortune. "There is nothing unjust. Mr. Presi dent. there is nothing unfair in such a case, after the man who owned it has used it during his lifetime, for the gov ernment to say at his death, before anybody shall take his fortune which the people of the country have in real ity made. 'We will levy a tax and gi?e a portion of it back to the people.'" Did This Ever Happen to You? You need never experience the annoy ance of seeing "your" suit on another man if you'll just select your togs from our line of exclusive woolens. •I That' s one beauty of getting your suit or overcoat here. You'll know it is yours exclusively and built to fit you only. iJHave you seen the Fall samples? STULL & WILLIAMS TAILORS M \ Good Printing is more than just a matter of a press, some type, ink and paper. Good Printing requires nice judgment in the matters of display, ornamentation, margins and color schemes. Good printing for the blacksmith wouldn't do for the milliner. Good Printing We do it. We admit it cheerfully. Call One- Double-One and and let us demonstrate. The Courier Press Kennewick's Printers PAGE THREE