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ECKERT, Prop. deeded in Every Home A Itoays Up to iDate WEBSTER'S I INTERNATIONAL DICTIONARY A Dictionary of ENGLISH. Biography, Geography .Fictlon.etc The New and E.nlarged E.ditlon Contains 2380 Quarto Pagea 5000 Illustrations We also publish Webster's Collegiate Dictionary with Glossary of ScottishW ords and Phrases. 1100 Pages- 14U0 Illustrations. Size 7x10x2 5-8 inches. First-class in quality, second-class in size. LET US SEND YOU FREE "ATest in Pronunciation" which affords pleasant and instructive evening's enter tainment. Illustrated pamphlet also free. G.6C.MERRIAM COMPANY Publishers. Springfield, Mass. II mi Pioneer THE TO Job Work. Prices Right 60 YEARS* EXPERIENCE PATENTS I RADC MMNNW DESIGNS COPYRIGHTS AC. Anyone lending a sketch and description may quickly ascertain our opinion free whether Invention Is probablypfttent^le^Communica. tlons strictly confidential. HANOBOOK on Patents sent free. Oldest Jency twMunn -^-^r rough Jk Co. reeelve B£6 tpecial notice, without obarge, in the 'Patents taken tnr Scientific flmcricait. A handsomely illustrated weekly. largest clr culmtlon of ai*y sciontiflc journal. Terms, $3 a rear: four months, $L Sold by all newsdealers. MUNN & Co.381Broadway-NewYork Branch Office. 625 Bt* Washington, D. C. 'V l% n» to to to to to to to to Certainly! Yoa can keep house without The Pioneer ^1 But Why Should You At $1.50 per year it should he in Every Home Steele County Sftp "Iteiigrtfltt' SEWING MACHINE. ROLLER BEARING. HIGH GRADE. Automstic Lilt. by buying this reliable, honest, high grade sew ing machine. S avc Money STRONGEST GUARANTEE. National Sewing Machine Co. BELVIDERE. ILLINOIS. Prof. H. L. Bolley, in commenting on the appearance ol rust, says: This statement does not prophesy heavy de struction of the wheat crop in this state by rust, nor does it assume that there will be no fields of wheat in jured by rust this year. This much by way of preamble, that some one on the wrong side of the wheat market may not jump sidewise and hurt some one else. After re-reading the observation which has been variously quoted, of a recent date, wherein I was quoted as saying that there was an infection of wheat rust on the barberry bushes earlier than usual, that warm, moist weather would give this a chance to spread to the wheat, and further, that in case of clear, dry weather these spore can do no harm and, after hav ing glanced over numerous rust notes in the columns of the daily papers, I am constrained to ask: "Who said that there would be a bad attack of •vheat rust in the state this year?" BOLLEY ROASTS THE CROP.EXPERTS ro!essor I hardly assume that all of the little gibes that are no\f being aimed at the so-called "wheat experts" anenfc this rust matter are aimed at me because of that first notice, for there are many "experts" nowadays, and men who talk much, but nevertheless stem to tiave slight thought of that fibout which they speak. It was my pleasure last year to meet several such wheat "ex perts" in the grain fields. In some cases in which the wheat was practi cally destroyed by rust it was impos sible to show some of these men that any damage was done. They could not see the rust. Again, in other fields in which the rust had done practically no harm, we met other "experts" who in sisted that the grain was "all shot to pieces" by rust, "utterly destroyed." Of course, one could always see by talking to them the reason in each sep arate case, but when they wrote for the papers it was not always easy to un derstand what they were talking about. So also there are again "experts" this year. Even commercial travelers know wheat rust. Some men, I sup pose, for sarcasm, see rust on wire fences. Others see it on rose bushes and sundry other "unknown" weeds and there is as a consequence much of such nonsense to be read in wheat pa oers. I own to having called attention to the fact of the presence of wheat rust (stem rust) on the barberry bushes, but do not admit that in doing so I was searching for undue notoriety, or that I dicf a harm to the people of this state. It is my duty to instruct, if I can, and I recognize in the press of the state one of the best means for doing a good vorlc. That men who "work" the market make much or little of a scientific truth and thereby work up an undue excitement does not affect the meat of such matters, nor should it influence the interest which thinking people should take in such subjects. To allow the people to remain in blissful igno rance of the evils which beset their lives and their efforts of daily work is a doctrine of Russian rule, to which most Americans would hardly sub scribe. SLAYS ENEMY TO SAVE FAMILY. Man Killed After He Shoots Into Bed room. Linn C. Dazell, a young farmer, 24 years of age, was instantly killed by Kerzey E. Gowan, another farmer, about four miles south of Glenburn. Dazell met his death in an attempt to murder Gowan and his family, for he had fired one shot into the bedroom where Mrs. Gowin and her little babe vere asleep before Gowin shot him. After firing the shot Dazell turned away, and Gowin, who had seen him approaching the house, poured seven shots into his body, using as his weap on a revolver. One bullet lodged in the back of Dazell's head, passing through his right ear two bullets went through his breast, one into his right side, two into his right arm, and one into his head just above .the temple. Immediately after killing Dazell Gow in walked to Glenburn and gave him self up. Coroner Windell impaneled a jury, which returned a verdict to the effect that Dazell came to his death at the hands of Kerzey E. Gowin, who shot him in defense of himself and family. Gowin was brought to Minot and was closeted with G. A. McGee, state's attorney, for nearly two hours. At the close of the examination the state's attorney announced that Gowin would not be prosecuted, at least for the present, as the evidence points strong ly to the claim that he killed Dazell in self-defense. TWO MEN FALL 120 FEET. Scaffold Rope Breaks, Hui'ling Work Crom Chimney to Death. .."uee, Mich., June 30.—George H. Mode of Negatines and David Grant of Chicago fell from a scaffolding at the top of a chimney 120 feet high and were instantly killed yesterday. The men were working on the chimney, which was being built for the Negau nee Electric Power company. The ac cident was caused by the breaking oJ the rope supporting the scaffold. Says So-called Crop Experts Do Not Know Rust When They See It—Little Damage to Grain at Present mm:'0m~: People in general know very little of the true nature of such parasite fungus diseases of plants and as long as I work at the study of plant diseases shall try to keep the farmers and gardeners of the state informed upon any subject of observation or investi gation which I th'ink it of importance that they should know to aid them in their work. I do not care to enter into contro versies with various "experts" as to who best knows wheat rust in its vari ous life phases. At this time I shall only call attention to some misstate ments or mislmpressions going the rounds of the press (1) There seems to be a general inference that I have prophesied much destruction by rust this year. This I have not done. The rust fungi are so materially affected in their growth by weather conditions and by the conditions of the growth of the wheat crop that any one who knows of their nature can hardly dare to assume to be a prophet. For exam pie, there must yet be about a month of the right kind of weather interven ing before it is possible for the regular stem rust to appear upon the wheat. It is thus quite or nearly nonsense to be talking of its presence or absence on the wheat at the present time in this region. (2) The Van Dusen-Har rington report quoted "a scientist" as saying that "the agriculturists of the Minnesota experiment .station and also Prof. Bolley of the North Dakota sta tion believe that the cold, wet weather which we have had recently in such abundance is the most favorable to the growth of rust." Now I do not sub scribe to such a foolish belief, and hope that the people who really know the nature of the rust parasite will not hold it up against me. Heavy, drench ing rains largely prevent rust infection by beating the spores fro mthe plants on which they are formed to the ground, and by washing them off of the plants to which some of them may chance to have been carried by the wind. Also, like other seedlike struc tures, rust spores do not germinate rapidly in cold weather. In the same article, just referred to, it is said that the red spores of the"leaf rust" of wheat "are now found upon the bar berry and other bushes which usually harbor it through the winter, but there is no stem rust to be found." This is a strange statement for a scientist and must be considered as a scientific bull or as a bad newspaper jumble. The "leaf rust" of wheat is not associated with the barberry bush, but the bar berry does at present bear the prelim inary stages of the spores of the genu ine stem rust of wheat. This intro duced shrub or bush has many times been proved guilty of propagating and introducing the spores of this worst form of wheat rust and it should therefore, be dope away wjth. It would be easy to say the words which would please the admirers of this thorny little shrub, but one should not often tell untruths or by inference half truths simply to please. Almost every plant or shrub has its species of rust which is parasitic upon it. These are all very different in character and well known to botanists but the only bush which is as yet known to propagate and disseminate the spores-of the stem rust ('black rust") of wheat is this same little hedge plant called the bar. berry. According to the stories told by Gowin and his neighbors there had been bad blood between Dazell and Gowin for some time, and Dazell Is known to have threatened to kill Gow in when the opportunity presented it self. He had purchased a revolver for the purpose of shooting Gowin, and it was found hanging upon a wall in Dazell's shack by Mr. McGee, who vis ited the scene of the murder. McGee also discovered a box of No. 60 shells, all of which were loaded, upon a ta ble ,in the. shack. Upon investigation it was found that just six shells had been taken from the box, and these particular six were the ones with which Dazell intended to kill Gowin. A pretty school teacher at Glenburn figures in the feud which has existed between the men. According to Gow in's story, Dazell believed that he (Gowin) was attempting to break up a match between Dazell and Miss Cecilia Briggs, who teaches the Glenburn vil lage school. The young lady boarded with the Gowin family and Dazell upon several occasions accused G«wia of at tempting to prevent him from marry ing the school mistress. Gowin says that Dazell was greatly infatuated with the young woman, and had visited his house at various times to call upon her. The sympathy of the people who re side in the vicinity of the murder is with Gowin, who, they believe, was the target which Dazell intended to shoot at when he left his shack at 12 o'clock at night and walked four miles to the Gowin home. Cassini Is Going. Washington, June 27. Count Cas sini, Russian ambassador, has engaged passage for July 11 from New York. The ambassador will probably remain in Washington to await the arrival of his successor. Baron Rosen. Will Visit King Oscar. London, June 27.—The Copenhagen correspondent of the Daily Mail says: It is reported that En^peror "Williem will come here in -the middle of July and will also visit King Oscar at Stockholm. .» 1 of r-A *v» The sloughing season of the crab after the dark of the moon, increas ing as the moon nears Its full—operat ed upon by the unvarying law of sup ply and demand, as the supply be comes more abundant at the moon's full, prices after drop to 10 or 15 cents dozen, while at other seasons the fancy prices of from 60 to SO cents are received. It is only at the season of shedding its old for a new garment that the crab grows and develops from the small crab at the opening of the season to the 'channeled' at its close. A grassy, shore or flat is the favorite resort for the sloughers, for there, to great extent, they are out of the way their inveterate enemies, eels."— Milwaukee Free Press. How He Remembered. A genial Duluthian, who has the rep atation among his fellows of being a rounder, turned the reaction of the morning after a banquet to account yesterday while making a purchase for his wife. Naturally he was ex ceedingly nervous and his head and stomach were at war to serttle the question of supremacy. How in the world could you re member that your wife wanted dark brown silk?" asked a sympathizing friend. "Oh, I couldn't forget it. I just kept my mind on the taste I've had in my mouth this morning."—Duluth Kews-Tribune. Time and Setting Hens. An enterprising salesman from one of the large cities went to a certain rural community and endeavored to sell an incubator to a farmer. His ar guments did not make any impression on the agriculturist. Finally, as a clincher in favor of his up-to-date im provement, he exclaimed: "Look at the time it will save." The farmer squirted a mouthful of tobacco juice on the ground before re plying, and then said, wth a provoking calmness: "Oh, what's time to a settin' hen?" That settled the question. No incu bator was sold.—Harper's Weekly. Profits of the Packers. There has been a great deal of dis appointment because the Garfield re port shows that the profits of the packing Industry only amount to about two per cent of the volume ol business transacted. There Is no doubt, however, that the report is cor rect. Tfie census reports compiled by the government in 1900, before the agita tion regarding the "beef trust" began, throw considerable light on this ques tion. It appears from the census that the packing industry 1b conducted on a smaller margin of gross profit than' any other industry In America. The gross margin of profit of 871 flour and grist mills in Illinois, in the census year, was nearly seven per cent on the volume of business. The gross margin of fifty-one wholesale slaugh tering and meat packing establish ments in Illinois was only about one* third as large, or a little more than two per cent on the volume of busty ness. The millers have not been accused of bein~ in a "trust," and combina tions would seem Impossible in a busi ness where there are several thousand mills in the United States competing actively for the flour trade, but it ap pears that the gross profits of the mill ers are larger than the grc„ profits of the packers. It may turn out that the agitation regarding the packing Industry will show the same result as the devil found in shearing the pig: Ail squeal and no wool." American Homestead Jimmy's Remarkable Story. A school teacher who was giving a lesson on "Food" was interrupted by one of his pupils. "Please, sir," he said, "Jimmy say* he knows a baby that was brought up on elephant's milk and it gained tea pounds in weight every day." "James ought not to tell you such, rubbish," the teacher said. "James, whose baby was it that was brought up on elephant's milk?" "Please, sir," answered Jimmy, "it was the elephant's."—Harper's Week ly. Ma Would Like to Know.' A teacher in the North end was try ing to explain the word "recuperate" to one of the pupils. "Now, Willie," said she, "if youi father worked hard all day he would be tired and worn out, wouldn't he?" "Yes'm." "Then when night comes and his work is over for the day, what does ha do?" Too Much Thought for Food. It is a reflection on our Intelligence that we spend so much time on our food and so mucli more time in talk ing about it. It is the perversity of the human mind to occupy itself with the incidental. We must eat, of course, but what a needless bother there is about the dishes and the cook, ery and the garnish.—London Illus. trated News. Where the Money Flies. McJigger—Yes, I've been to York since I saw you lest 5 St MOON FIXES CRAB PRICES. Connection Between It* Phases and the Crustaceans. "The prices of soft-shell crabs are governed by the phases of the moon," said Hiram Beecher of Annapolis. W "rJ trt A $ ft k' h: I +v: 4 PVI\&K: ill m* -I V&jS New Thingumbob—Yes? You didn't sta iong. MeJigger—No it's hard to stay long in New Yerk It's so easy to feel short.—Philadelphia Press. One-does not have to become an old woman in order to. become a new man, 'v t1' IF r'&, ti i'4