The Hope pioneer. [volume], December 21, 1922, Image 3

About The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964

Image provided by: State Historical Society of North Dakota

                
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HOG PRICES DROP LOW
Bullish Sentiment Prevailed in
Wheat During Week.
V. S. Bureau of Markets, Washington, D. C.,
for week ended Dee. 15, 1922.
LIVESTOCK AND MEATS: Chi
cago hog prices registered declines
ranging from 10-20c for the week. Cat
tle prices are generally lower beet
steers ranging from weak to 35c.
Butcher cows and heifers weak to 25c
feeder steers generally 15c, and veai
calves steady to 30c down. Fat lambs
were 10-25c higher, feeding lambs gen
erally 25c higher, while yearlings were
steady to 25c lower and fat ewes un
changed. On December 14th hogs
were 15c lower than Wednesday's aver
age. Beef steers and butcher cows and
heifers weak to unevenly lower, other
classes slow, steady to weak. Choice
fat lambs steady, in between grades
weak to 15c lower sheep around
steady. December 14th Chicago prices:
hogs, top, $8.15 bulk of sales $7.85
8.10 medium and good beef steers
$7.50-11.75 butcher cows and heifers
$3.35-10.75 feeder steers $5.35-8 light
and medium weight veal calves $8.50
10 fat lambs $13.25-15.60 feeding
lambs $12.75-15 yearlings $9.25-13.25
fat ewes $4.75-7.75. Stocker and feeder
fehipments from 12 important markets
for the week ending December 8tji
were: Cattle and calves 92,229 hogs
19,999 sheep 66,798. In eastern whole
sale fresh meat markets beef ranged
from firm to 50c higher veal Arm ti
$1 higher lamb weak to $1 lower
mutton firm to $2 higher light pork
loins $1 to $2 lower and heavy loins
$1 lower to 50c higher for the week.
-Dec. 14th prices good grade meats:
Beef $14.50-17 veal $14-19 lamb $23'
27 mutton $11-17 light pork loins
$15-17 heavy loins $12.50-15.
'GRAIN: Bullish sentiment prevailed
in wheat market during the week and
close was sharply higher. Principal fao
tors were: Bullish Argentine news
President's message to Congress for
eign credit bill and Barnes' speech be
fore Illinois Chamber of Commerce.
Chicago May wheat advanced 7%c
Chicago May corn advanced 4%c. On
the 14th profit taking continued but
breaks did not extend far and close
was fractionally higher. Good support
on all breaks but buying on bulges
less aggressive and many looking for
reaction after sharp upturn recently.
Closing prices in Chicago cash mar
ket: No. 2 red winter wheat $1.37 No
2 hard winter wheat $1.27 No. 2 mixed
corn 77c No. 2 yellow corn 77c No. 3
white oats 46c. Average farm prices
No. 2.mixed corn in central Iowa
63%c No. 1 dark northern wheat in
central North Dakota $1.07 No.
hard winter wheat in central Kansas
$1.05. Closing future prices: Chicago
]^ay wheat $1.23% Chicago May corn
74% Minneapolis May wheat $1.22%
Kansas City May wheat $1.14% Win
nipeg May wheat $1.10%.
DAIRY PRODUCTS: Butter mar
kets barely steady. Prices at Chicago
have declined account accumulation re.
suiting from high prices. Eastern mar
H^ts ruled steady during week. Some
foreign imports coming in, but Quan
tities not large. Closing prices, 92
score butter: New York 54%c Chi
cago 52%c. Cheese markets firm but
trading is slow, partly due to usual
seasonal dullness. Wisconsin produc
tion holding up well, but cold weather
is hampering shipments. Movement of
goods from storage light. Dealers view
general situation with confidence,
•Cheese prices at Wisconsin primary
markets, Dec. 13th: Daisies 27c Dou
ble Daisies 27c Longhorns 27%c
Square Prints 27% Young Ameri
•cas 27%c.
Minneapolis Closing Cash Prices.
No. 1 dark northern, 1.26 @1.32 No.
1 northernr, 1.24®
1.31 No. 1 dark
lard, 1.25@1.32 No. 1 hard. 1.21®
1.22.
Ho. 1 am. dur., 1.07@1.13 No. 1 durum
1.01
@1.06. Corn No. 2 yellow, 69c.
Oats No. 2 white, 42c. Barley, choice
to fancy, 62c@65c. Rye No. 2, 84c.
Flaxseed, 2.70.
BUTTER—Creameries, extras, 52c
firsts, 48c seconds, 43c storage ex*
trtn, 45c packing stock fresh, sweet,
26c stale goods, 5c grease, lc.
EGGS—Country receipts, rots out,
free from rots, small dirties and
checks out, per dozen, 49c fancy stor
ge eggs, dozen, 32c seconds, small,
dirty and held stock, rots and leakers
out, per dozen, 22c checks, rots and
leakers out, per dozen, 21c. Quota
ti&ns on eggs include cases.
So. St. Paul Livestock.
So. St. Paul—Steers, $7.65 @$8.60
cows and heifers, $3.25 @8.25 veal
calves, $2.75@8.00 hogs, $7.00@$8.10
sheep and lambs, $4.50@$14.25.
Applicant Denied U. S. Citizenship.
Minneapolis—For the fourth time
since he came to America in 1891,
Morris Haydnet was denied the rights
of citizenship because he became con
fused when lie was asked to name
President Harding's predecessor.
Huydnei is CO years old. In Kussiu
the opportunity of tho free schools oi
America was lacking. In America he
has been busy earning a living for his
family.
A
The quality of market poultry can
be improved greatly and the weight
in-creased considerably by proper feed
ing for a white before marketing. A
gain of 25 per cent in two weeks of
proper feeding is not uncommon, and
too, the quality is greatly improved.
It does not pay to try to fatten every
bird, for It is found that some types
make small gains at the best. Stock
of any age may be fattened, although
young growing stock uses its feed for
both growth and fattening and so
makes greater gain per pound of feed
than old stock. Vigorous birds are the
most desirable for fattening, for they
pet the most feed while the weaker and
more timid bird is crowded out. Crate
fattening is natural cramming, and un
less the birds are vigorous and strong
they cannot digest large quantities in a
short time. The "crow-headed," back
ward sort of bird generally makes very
poor gains, so such an individual
should not be the type selected for
fattening. On the other hand, select
the strong, bold, vigorous type for
crate feeding.
Crate-Feeding Best.
One object in fattening should be to
keep the birds quiet so that they will
conserve all the energy possible. To
insure this condition the birds should
be confined to a crate or battery. A
home-made crate can easily be made
by using 2x2 lumber for frame work
with 2x4's for legs,, and lath for the
remainder of the crate or use 2-lnch
mesh poultry netting for ends, top and
back and lath for tlie front and bottom.
The lath on the bottom should be about
one and one-half inches apart so that
the droppings fall through to the tray,
or ground, below. Tlie laths in front
should be a little farther apart so that
the birds can easily get their heads
through to eat from a trough placed in
front. A "V" shaped trough made of
half-inch, lumber is satisfactory.
In warm weather place the crate pre
ferably in an open shed, and during
cold weather in a room where the tem
perature is above freezing. This crate
may serve as a broody coop when not
in use for fattening stock. A crate
about 24 Inches deep, 36 inches long
and 16 Inches high will accommodate
about eight hens or 10 spring chickens,
Feed Good Ration.
A very palatable and digestible
ration is essential for fattening. A
mash feed moistened with buttermilk
or skint, milk to a mortar-llke consis
tency is best. Birds can be fattened
without milk in which case meat scrap
or tankage is substituted. Gains in
this case will probably be a little more
expensive, hut will still leave a profit.
About 15 per cent of the mixture
should be composed of meat scrap if
milk is omitted.
The North Dakota experiment sta
tion uses the following ration: 35 per
cent finely cracked corn, 35 per cent
middlings, and 10 per -cent scrap or
tankage. (Mix with buttermilk).
The Wisconsin experiment station
recommends the following:
No. 1—60 per cent finely ground
eornmeal, 40 per cent Red Dog flour or
a good grade cf white middlings. No.
2—50 per cent finely ground eornmeal,
80 per cent oatmeal or sifted ground
oats, 20 per cent middlings. (Both of
these rations are mixed with butter
milk or skim milk.)
The Iowa experiment station uses
the following ration: 45 per cent corn
meal, 25 per cent oatmeal, 20 per cent
Red Dog flour, 10 per cent scrap or
tankage. (Mix with buttermilk.)
In warm weather these rations
should be mixed somewhat thinner
than during cold weather.
When first confined to the crate the
birds should not be fed for 18 or 24
hours. The first few feeds sliouin not
be too heavy. Increase gradually until
by the third day they are being allowed
to eat for 15 to 20 minutes morning,
noon and night. Remove any feed left
at the end of that time so the birds
will be ready for the next meal. The
feeding period will vary with the bird.
Old fowls seldom make profitable gains
after being fed more than 10 or 11
days, but young stock generally returns
a profit if fed for 14 or 30 days.
Proper dressing of crate-fattened
poultry means more profit. Shipping
such stock to market alive results in
shrinkage In weight, and bruising of
the llesh. Pressing consists of proper
bleeding and reinovni
mm
Prepared Under Direction of
North Dakota Agricultural College
SUCCESSFUL METHODS OF FAT
TENING POULTRY F0H MARKET
The entrails should not be removed, for
undrawn poultry keeps better than
does drawn poultry.
Turkeys cannot be confined so
closely for fattening as can chickens,
When confined to a small yard the
turky spends much time in hunting
for a place to escape, thereby using up
much energy and storing up little fat,
Feeding them largely on corn for two
or three weeks before marketing will
greatly Improve the quality and will
result in higher price when they are
sold.
NORTH DAKOTA JERSEY
SETS NEW STATE RECORD
North Dakota's dairy production
record for all breeds and classes of
dairy cattle was broken during the past
fall, when Nobels Golden Marguerite,
a 7-year-old Jersey owned by Sam
Crabbe, of Fargo, finished her year's
advanced registry test with a record
of 17,833 pounds of milk and 1,228.43
pounds of butter.
The new record made under the
supervision of testers directed by the
dairy department, North Dakota Agri
cultural college, the record of 25,824
pounds of milk and 1,090 pounds of
butter held by a purebred Holsteln
Friesian cow owned by J. D. Bacon of
Grand Forks. The Jersey, weighing
1,025 pounds and bred and developed
on the Crabbe farm is a candidate for
a gold medal offered by the American
Jersey cattle club, according to the
officials at the college.
"The milk produced by this cow, if
sold -at wholesale for 40 cents a gallon,
would yield an income of $828," accord
ing to J. It. Dice, of the College. "If
the butterfat had been sold at 35 cents
a pound which represents the average
price during the past year, the returns
would have been $243. The record of
this animal also shows persistency, for
last December she produced 116 pounds
of butter, and only last September she
still produced 104 pounds. She was
exhibited at the National Dairy Show
at St. Paul during October which
tended to decrease her record. That
her record is not freakish is evident
from her record of 880 pounds of but
ter as a five-year-old, and the record
of a 2-year-old daughter of some 500
pounds.
"These records Indicate that when
good foundation stock Is purchased it
is possible to develop top-notch pro
ducers In the state. The cow was well
taken care of and well fed. of course,
although she was housed in a make
shift barn, consisting of the basement
of a barn that had burned down."
A6RIGRAPHS
Nothing great was ever accomplish
ed without enthusiasm.—Emerson.
"When tillage begins, other arts fol
low. The farmers therefore are the
founders of human civilization"—Dan
iel Webster.
A large potato stuck full of white
chicken feathers, fastened to the end
of a pole and hung in a fruit tree
makes a most efficient scarecrow, sug
gests an Iowa farm wife.
0
One housewife takes down the
measurements of sweaters before she
washes them and dries them on a
Turkish towel then she pins them in
shape to conform to the original meas
urements.
Cull the flock In the fall and save
feed during the winter. Circular 53
of the North Dakota Agricultural
college, which takes up culling prac
tices, will be sent to you free upon
request.
"Were every article of a boosting
nature to be eliminated from our state
press we would have sickly, solemn
looking lot of newspapers, and we
would find our exchange tables about
as interesting as the village cemetery.
"Today we have in the United States
one cow for every four people, while
in Japan there is only one cow to
every 1,114 people. Milk is undisput
ably the most Important food In the
development and growth of the human
body. Without its use we would soon
be a nation of people of smull and n-
THE HOPE PIONEER
Timely Comments on Agricultural Topics for Our Readers
Own
BUILD POSTS TO
STAND BIC PULL
Corner Must Be Constructed to
Resist Much Greater Strain
Than Other Parts.
WIRE IS STRETCHED TIGHTLY
Device Shown in Illustration Is Made
of Reinforced Concrete With a
Vertical Section—Lumber
Forms Necessary.
The corner post of a fence must
be constructed to stand a much great
er strain than any other part of the
fence. Woven wire fencing when
properly erected is stretched very
tightly sometimes ordinary woven
wire fencing 42 Inches high, bears a
tension of several thousand pounds.
When this tension is transmitted to
the corner post from two angles it
means that the post has to be unusu
ally solidly anchored if It Is to re-
A Reinforced Concrete Corner Post.
slst the strain. A very substantial
type of corner post Is shown In the
Illustration. It Is made of rein
forced concrete with a vertical sec
tion 12 inches square and two wings,
each six Inches thick, extending In the
direction of the two lines of fence
which meet at the corner.
Forms Are Necessary.
To make such a post, forms are
necessary and the first step is the ex
cavation to provide room for them.
Ordinary one-inch lumber Is good
for form use In work of this kind,
since it can be braced with little diffi
culty. The forms are put together
BO that the post, wings and all. Is cast
in one operation. The reinforcing
for the vertical part consists of seven
steel rods, nine-sixteenths of an Inch in
diameter, arranged on the two out
side faces of the post at Intervals of
about three Inches, with about one
Inch space between the bars and the
surface. Similar bars extend down
through the post and into the lower
part of the wings, two bars being used
for each wing.
Rich Mixture Used.
The concrete mixture used Is one
part cement, two parts of well-graded
sand and three parts of pebbles or
broken stone, with no particle larger
than one Inch In diameter. This Is
a rather "rich mixture." but since
strength is the principal requirement
it is the proper one to use.
No strain should be put on the
post until It has hardened for at least
four weeks. During this time It
should be thoroughly wetted at least
once every day so the concrete may
attain Its maximum strength.
FIGHT AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS
Huron County, Ohio, Dairymen Fi
nanced Their Own Campaign
Against Tuberculosis.
In Lyme township, Huron county,
Ohio, owners of dairy cattle organized
an association through which they
financed their own campaign against
tuberculosis when state and federal
indemnity funds had run out. The
members were assessed $2 a iiead for
grades and $4 a head for purebreds,
one-fourth being used for organiza
tion work and tlie rest for paying in
demnities. The association has tested
83 herds containing 0(32 cattle, 26 of
which reacted. The owners of the
reactors received the salvage value of
the animals and a straight indemnity
of $20 a head for grades. For pure
breds tlie indemnity was doubled.
About 85 per cent of the herds in the
township were tested.
Sows Should Have Exercise.
Brood sows should be encouruged to
exercise, because exercise helps to de-
SOIL CONDITIONS ON
NIGHT TEMPERATURES
Sandy Loams Store Up More
Heat During the Day.
Land in Use Should Be Well Drain
of Surplus Moisture to Avoid Dan*
ger of Formation of Injuri
ous Frosts.
(Prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)
A relation lias been shown to exist
between the temperature of the soil
and the ensuing minimum temperature
of the air immediately above, says the
weather bureau of the United States
Department of Agriculture.
Low night-air temperatures In gar
den and truck farms may often be pre
vented by the selection of soil In
which there is a sandy component, as
sand and sandy loams generally store
up more heat during the day than do
most other soils and give off more in
the night time by conduction to the
air above, thus diminishing the prob
ability of critical temperatures and
the formation of damaging frosts. The
land In use should be well drained ot
surplus moisture, as wet soils are In
variably cold soils and more suscepti
ble to frost damage. Any soil, wheth
er it be sand, loam, or clay, is warmer
when it is clean and free from weeds
and unnecessary vegetation.
Frost may form on one side of a
street and not on the other, or in one
section of a level farm and not in an
other, for one or more of several rea
sons, such as difference In soils, slight
difference in elevation, In moisture, or
In kind and extent of surface covering,
or the amount of Insolation received.
Frost may appeit In sections which
have wet, cold soils covered with
heavy vegetation or uncultivated,
while on the same night and under
the same .meteorological conditions It
does not form on other ground close
by where the soli is relatively dry,
warm, and clean.
GATES OPEN AUTOMATICALLY
Device Invented by New Mexico Man
Will Open and Close Without
Driver Alighting.
The Scientific American, In Illustrat
ing and describing an Invention of
D. M. McCauley of Toas, N. M„ says:
More particularly the Invention re
lates to mechanism for gates, an ob
ject being to provide a gate normally
positioned across an entrance or rail
way crossing, which automatically
opens to allow an automobile or other
Front Elevation of Gate.
vehicle to pass through and automat
ically closes after the vehicle has
passed, without necessitating the driv
er's alighting. The gate is hell by
locking means which must be released
by the weight of the vehicle, and will
resist manual operation.
POTATOES USED IN FEEDING
They May Be Fed Successfully to
Either Hogs or Cattle—They
Are Not Very Palatable.
Potatoes can be used successfully
In feeding either hogs or cattle. They
may be fed either raw or cooked, and
mixed with other feeds. They are not
highly palatable to either cattle or
hogs, though both will eat them quite
readily.
First-Class Daily Barn.
An abundance of sunlight, uniform
temperature, plentiful supply of fresh
air with freedom from drafts, with
the highest possible degree of cleanli
ness, are necessary to the first-class
dairy barn.
Minerals for 8wlne.
Fine ground limestone and common
barrel salt, fed to hoga as a mineral
addition to their regular ration, rjive
practically as good results as more
complicated mixtures.
Barnyard Pavement.
A barnyard pavement of concrete
should be at least six inches thick, if
subjected to heavy loads, otherwise
four Inches will be sufficient.
Potatoes as Stock Feed.
Cull potatoes may be fed In small
quantities to sheep In about the same
way as roots are fed to this clas* of
animals.
Concrete feed mangers simplify and
reduce the labor of feedlnu storu
THl'KSDAi,
SPROUTING OATS FOR FOWLS
Essential Where Roots or Other Greet
Feeds Are Not Available for
Poultry.
Sprouted oats Is rather a necessit)
than a luxury for poultry In winter)
particularly If roots or other green
feeds are not available. Only the best
grade of oats, plump and heavy, should
be used. They should be handled IB
such a manner as to reach maximum
growth quickly. Six quarts of oats ar«
placed In ten-quart galvanized tin
pall which is filled with water of a
temperature not over 100 degrees Fah
renheit, to which has been added ten
drops of formalin to prevent mold.
The oats are ulloweti to soak In
this pail for 48 hours dur'-ig which
they will have absorbed all the water.
They are next spread evenly In the
trays of the sprouting ruck to the
thickness of about an Inch. The rack
is kept In a room the temperature oi
which Is maintained at not less than
60 degrees, and the oats are thor
oughly sprinkled with water twice a
day. In from seven to ten days, ac
cording to the temperature of the
room, the sprouts should be from four
to six Inches In height, which Is about
right for feeding. By this time the nu
trients of the seed will have become
exhausted and the sprouts will depre
ciate In food value If not fed quickly.
The oats will form a mat nearly
four times the weight of the original
seed. It should be fed In the tray, as
it grows, at the rute of one squnre
Inch per bird per day. Once day
Is enough to feed it. If managed
Stand for Sprouting Oats.
carefully a new tray can be ready
every day. A little experience will
show how this can be done as It la
purely a matter of measurement, a
certain quantity being prepared dally.
For small flocks less than six quarts
could be prepured at a time. Over
feeding tends to cause diarrhoea. Of
course, the sprouts must not be al
lowed to freeze and It Is too valuable
to be wasted. Anyone handy with
tools can make a rack in the farm
workshop.
FINISH POULTRY FOR MARKET
Plump, Well Fattened Fowl Will Bring
More Money and Sell Far
More Readily.
No up-to-date farmer would think of
marketing his cattle or hogs In a poor
or unfinished condition, because to do so
would mean a loss of money but OD
many farms poultry Is seldom properly
finished before marketing. A plump
well-finished bird will sell more readily
and bring a few cents more per pound,
besides being worth more on account
of the Increase in weight, than a poor,
scrawny fowl. Moreover, producing
finished poultry is a quick business and
profits are soon realized.
PROFITABLE TO CULL FLOCK
It Is an Art Anyone Can Acquire, and
the Sooner Unhealthy Fowls
Go the Better.
Culling chickenfi is to the po-iltry
keeper what milk testing is to the
dairyman. Fortunately it Is an art
anyone can acquire. The sooner the
ilock Is culled the sooner expenses are
cut down. Then, too, the prices are
higher earlier In the season. The man
who is making the most of his poul
try, systematically culls. lilrds lack
ing in health, and general purpose
breeds not la.vlnu anil i«-n •»..-»-•
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