The War
Todav
V/
Marines Get
Sea-Land Test
After 44 Years
By CAFT JOHN H. < K UGE
nrHlrn t»|irrlall) for Ini I 'f»* Snralrf
Attention In the military pro
fession is focussed on the l ntted
States stab at the Solomon Is
lands. Here I’uited St it os Marine
amphibious attack groups are get
ting their first tc-t in battle in
44 years.
To clear the seas in preparation
for such an expedition "as the
duty ol the navy. To seize heat h
heads and clear sufficient trni
tory for the safe landing of a
powerful force was the task al
lotted to the marine'-.
First they learned with the ne
cessity of packing supplies aboard
transports that were to carry am
phibious ltn-er*-. that every
weapon and material was avail
able exactly in the order needed
Light supplies were put on top.
readv to hand for advance waves,
heavier stuff benraih.
RECORD OF IMA
As long ago as 18£.>. 1 nited
States Marines electrified the mili
tary world by embarking a full
battalion, complete with all neces
sary' stores, aboard a transport in
Jess than 24 hours. This was con
sidered an unprecedented seal m
those leisurely days Later thisj
force was ready to fight between
sunrise and sunset.
An amphibious American team
of ship-to-shore battle specialists
got its first test of conflict in the
war with Spam in 1898, when the
famous Huntingdon hattalion. cov
ered by the fire of the United
States ship Marblehead. landed at
Guantanamo in the face of Span
ish resistance.
This successful action secured
Guantanamo Bay for the navy, the
base from which Centra's Spanish
fleet was blockaded until the vic
tory of Santiago.
GAP IN INEXPERIENCE
The world war prov ided no np
nortunity for this branch of marine
forces to exercise its talents
But after the armistice, the
marine corps went back to its
training in amphibious warfare
The airplane was added to its
equipment for carrying out its
mission. Tanks and bigger, harder
hitting guns came.
The name of the marine ship-to
shore organization was changed,
first to the expeditionary force,
then to the fleet marine force, but
the specialization continued.
By the time of the Japanese
sneak-punch attack on Pearl Har
bor. these amphibious forces- had
increased in strength to two divi
sions, one on the Hast Coast at
Quantico and one at San Diego.
Cal. Now these land-sea leather
necks are putting their training
to a test on the Solomons.
(Statements and opinions here
in are private to the writer and
are not to be construed as re
flecting the views of the navy
department.
U-Boat Takes
Uruguayan On
AN EAST COAST PORT Aug
17 (INST. —Thirteen more *ur-,
vtvors of the Uruguayan freighter
Maldonado, torpedoed and sunk by
a submarine west of Bermuda
August 3. revealed today lhat the
captain of their ship was taken
prisoner aboard the U-boat.
The 13 Maldonado survivors
were brought to this port after
they had been picked up by a
United State* naval vessel. They
had been adrift in a lifeboat ever
since the sinking Thirteen other
survivors of the Maldonado were
landed at Bermuda August 7
Tw’enty-three of the Maldonado’s
crew of 49 are missing.
Labor to Enter
N. Y. Election
new York Aug. it tinsv
77erisior of the American La hot
Party to enter i’s own slate in
the New York state election wa
greeted with pleasure today in the
camp of United States Senator
James M Mead. President Roose
velf s choice for the Democratic
gubernatorial nomination at next
week's Democratic stare conven
tion in Brooklyn.
The right - wing of the ALP.
which controls the jrarty, has
agreed to enter an independent
ticket in Nos ember in the event
that Atty. Gen. John J. Bennett
Jr. wins the Democratic nomina
tion for governor The ALP ticket
would be headed by New York
City Comptroller Josejrti D Me-
Goldrick as randiate for govemot
James A Farley, state Demo
cratic chairman and chief sponsor
of Bennetts candidacy, said n*
had * no comment.”
PAGE 2
Sergeant Hero
As 17 Men Die in
Army Air Crash
Ohioan Ignores Burns
to Save 2 Buddies After
Transport Hits Mountain
PERU. Max Aug IT (UP).—
Sgt Robert lee of Columbus. 0..
made himself a hero w hen the
army trmiM*irt » n which be was
flvmg crashed in log against Peru
Mountains Saturday night, ex
ploded and burned, killing 1* ol
the 20 men aboard.
The army -aid today that he
was critically burned, but lie had
climbed out of the wreckage and
dragged two of his buddies. Pyts
Alon/o L Pear-on and James Fern
of Abingdon. Va.. away from the
fire. Thev aNo critically burned,
and Lee. were the only survivors.
Lee dragged two other passeng
ers out. but they were dead. He
fired his revolver ihrec times to
signal for help, then walked three
nules to thi nearest highway and
H-d SlMt** p«4* e hack to the .scene.
IN DENSE FOREST
The flash, which occurred be
tween 9 and 10 p. m. Saturday,
wa- in a forest so dense that sol
•dins. civilian defense workers,
police and physicians had to hack
a trail through the underbrush to
bring out the wounded and the
bodies.
The plane, on a routine mission
from Po|>e Field Fort Bragg.
N. had left Mitehel Field, N. Y..
early Saturday night.
! Mrs. Margaret Bishop, an air
plane spotter in Peru, was one of
the first to notify army head
quarters in Boston of the crash.
She lives about three mile* from
the mountain, and said she had
;heard the plane fly over shortly
after 9 p. m.
Officers from West over Field.
Boston, under Col. A. A. Price,
were investigating.. .They said the
names of the dead would not he
released until the nearest of kin
had been notified.
Cuba l’i<*ks
Coalition !
Cabinet
j
IT AVAN A. Aug. 17 (UP).—
President Fulgencio Batista s' new
cabinet, completed yesterday
morning with Dr. Ramon Zaydin y
Marques-Sterlmg, Liberal, as pre
mier. will be sworn in this after
noon.
The cabinet represented three
weeks’ negotiations by Batista tor
a coalition cabinet, and had every
political party hut one pledged to
its support.
The exception was the Autentico
Party ot Dr. Ramon Grau San
Martin, candidate for president in
,1940.
1 Eleven ministers were retained
from the outgoing cabinet, in office
since Junb 19 Of the seven new
appointees, most important were
Premier Zaydin and the new min
ister of state. Dr Jose Augustin
Martinez Viademonte.
Suicide of Man, 76,
Blamed on Illness
Death by suicide was the ver-
Idiet of police today investigating
the death of Ernest Kalkenhagen.
76. of 6380 Romeo Plank road,
found hanging from the rafter ol
a harn by his daughter, Mis
Clarence Stier.
According to Mrs. Stier, Fal
kenhagen. worried ovei ill health,
went to the barn for , his usual
.morning chores, when he failed
I to return she went 1o the barn
and found him hanging from a
rat'' i
All Citizens Can Fight Sabotage
Every American Should Be on the Alert, Report Any Suspicious Acts,
but Avoid Hysteria, FBI Chief Declares
(Despite the successful roundup of eight Nazi saboteurs landed
in the United States h\ U-boats, along with 12 accomplices, FBI
Director John Edgar Hoover warns the nation in the following
article, written lot International News Service, that the danger ot
sabotage --till hangs heavily over the United States. He urges
everv Ameitcnn to take part in the counter-saboteur campaign and
tell*, what each citizen can do to protect the rountrv on the home
front *
By JOHN EDGAR HOOVER
Director Federal Bureau of In*estimation
WASHINGTON Aug. it The menace of sabotage was hanging
ovri the nation long before the outbreak of war, when otn country
by for. e of circumstances became a fertile field for the *pv, foreign
agent and would-be saboteur.
As a medium of warfare. snlwi
iag< always has been an important
military weapon. The enemy
know* that trained manpower )*■
harmless without guns, tanks,
airplane*- ammunition and ships.
Our people have done a mag
nificent job in tightening up in
our protective measures Today
sabotage p more difficult to com
mit than two \<mis ago But
there is siiM room for improve
ment
job i on ever\ ons.
The prevention of sabotage is a
■task in which every workman and
♦».-+- m Plants'-
ll,mnot be destroyed without loss
CUTIES By E. Simms Campbell
lOglattrtd U. a I’tUnt Offic*
i jf- ~,.■1...
aHHhJLw )
UixUi.jju* r«*-ew4
* i'V Tr* !*’• Kite P(4tuM Vnr
. J*
“That’s funny! My dogs barking at it!”
Sara Roosevelt
Plaque Barred
' NEW YORK. Aug 17 (JNSL-
A plaque to the memory of Mrs.
Sara Delano Roosevelt, mother of
the President, was temporarily re
moved by police today from a flag
pole in Roosevelt Park, on the
lower east side of Manhattan, un
til it is approved by the municipal
art commission.
The police action, ordered by
Park Commissioner Robert Moses,
came while 5.000 persons as
sembled to dedicate the hron/e
liable!. The police, however, did
not interfere with the exercises
at which a message from Presi
dent Roosevelt was read.
Joseph Plumeri. chairman of the
dedication committee, admitted
that' he understood the plaque
must have the approval of the art
I commission before it can he per
manently installed hut expressed
the opinion that Commissioner
Moses "just didn't want it up."
Moses replied that ihe rule re
quiring approval of the art com
mission before the erection of
statuary or similar pieces was in
flexible.’ He said the dedication
committee knew of the rule and
had plenty of time to submit the
plaque to the commission for ap
proval.
Harry If. Schlacht, editor of the
Fast Side News, presided at the
dedication ceremonies and read
ihe following message from Presi
dent Roosevelt:
“Please convey my hearty
greetings to all who gather In
Roosevelt Park at the dedica
tion of the plaque in honor of
my mother. I hope that the
event will he an enjoyable one
and that the park will always
afford a place of rest and rec
reation to the residents of the
neighborhood.”
Raids Reported
On Indo-China
LONDON. Aug 17 (INS).- The
Japanese-controlled Saigon radio
reported today that “Chinese air
craft’’ had raided the Indo-China
port of Haiphong and the capital
at Hanoi.
United States Army Air Force
planes, rather than Chinese craft,
probably carried out the bombings,
since they are known to have at
tacked these points previously.
of life, without destruction of
means of livelihood or the loss of
materials with which to win the
war. Too long we have heard
the truism, "too little and too
late’ The prevention of sabotage
is one answer.
The fact that these have Tieen
no foreign-directed acts of sabo
tage is a inhute to the alertness
and the co-operation of every one
concerned This, however, must
not allow us to be lulled into a
false sense of security
Sabotage is closely related to
espionage. Invariably, where you
find one you will find the other
-Armn exptnsinns and mechanical
saliotagc are possible modes of at
PETROIT EVENING TIMES (PHOSE CHERRY. SS00)
lUmls Open
Drives on
M Fronts
I *
(Continued from Page One)
several enemy attacks and are
firmly holding their position*.
The enemy, having suffered
heavy losses In recent fighting,
is hastily bringing up reserves."
| The Germans claimed the cap
ture of Maikop and its oil field
eight davs ago. The Russians indi
cated that they had withdrawn
from it yesterday, because the
noon communique yesterday still
reported fighting in the Maikop
area.
i ALL WELLS DESTROYED
The enemy gained no oil which
he needs so badly. Every well had
been demolished, perhaps blown up
so thoroughly that subterranean
formations were destroyed. That
being so. new wells bored in the
same area may not produce.
Machinery, including the most
modern American cracking equip
ment. was carried aw-av long be
fore the Germans entered, presum
ably to oil fields far beyond the
Ural Mountains, where the Rus-
have been building a “second
Baku" for several years Baku
produces 70 per cent of the Rus
sian oil supply.
Fixtures that could not he
moved and the wells were set on
fire.
PIERCE OUTER DEFENSES
Last midnight's Soviet
nique said t.he Germans had pene
trated Russian outer defenses on:
the Eletskaya 'front, 75 miles
northwest of Stalingrad. The
noon communique said only that
Soviet troops “waged defense bat
tles” southeast ot Kletskaya dur
ing' the night.
The midnight rommunique also
said that the Russians had suf
fered a second setback within 24
hours in the Mineralnye Vody
area. 110 miles from the oil wells
of Grozny, in the north Caucasus.
The noon communique said
Russian forces were engaged in
heavy battles with enemy tanks
land motorized infantry around
Mineralnye Vody, and that around
Krasnodar, 65 miles from the
Black Sea fleet’s best remaining
base, Novorossisk, had beaten off.
attacks by large enemy lorces.
A supplement to the noon com- 1
munique. apparently referring to
the Voronezh front, on the upper
stretches of the Don River, saidj
Soviet forces had routed the Ger-j
man 694th Infantry Regiment,!
which last 1.450 men killed 1 |
tack by the saboteur. Every j»er-!
son in a vulnerable spot should be
on the alert and resolve every
doubt in favor of caution. When
suspicions occur they should be
promptly reported.
HYSTERIA ( ONU SES
The danger of sabotage is
greatly augmented if arcomimniod
by wide-spread public hysteria.
Hysteria confutes and hampers
and might in itself be classified as
one form of sabotage. The citizen
should he careful not to pa ss on
unfounded rumors pertaining to
sabotage.
Anti-sabotage work should be|
lefi in the hands of trained law
enforcement officers and should
not be handled by amateurs orj
vigilantes All information con
cerning suspected sabotage should 1
be relayed immediately and with
out prior investigation to the near
est office of the FBI.
The citizen should not feel thal|
information coming to his atten
tion is too insignificant to he ro
ported He should remember that
one good Tip batmen* off Thou
sands of useless ones.
Tokio Confesses
U. S. Landings in
Solomon Islands
Ok
Invasion Interpreted
by Newspaper as Move
Against Japan Proper
LONDON. Aug 17 (UP).—
Japan admitted directly today,
that United States marines had
effected landings at an unspecified
number of jioints in the Solomon
Islands.
Japanese propagandists dis
agreed, however, on the signifi-j
canoe ot the first American
offensive in the southwest Pacific.
While a government spokesman 1
helittjod it, the leading Tokio
newspaper. Osahi. said the Solo-!
nions attack was the opening of a,
big United States offensive against j
Japan proper and said that for
weeks United States planes, pilots,
mechanics and ground crews had
been arriving at bases in China.
JUST NEWS MATERIAL
Tomakazu Hon. official sfxikes
man. -aid the marines landed "only
to give some useable news material
to the United States naval
spokesman twho has said almost
nothing since the battle started)
and the broadcasting stations.’’
Asahi said, a* quoted in a Tokio
dispatch of the Sw’cdish tele
graphic bureau.
“The United State* attack on
the Solomon* I* the beginning of
an offensive plan against Japan,
envisaging attack* on Japan
proper from four directions, the
Aleutian*. Australia, the open
sea by mean* of carrier based
plane*, and China.
“At present only the China
attack I* feasible. A steady
stream of United State* planes,
pilots, mechanics and ground
crews ha* been arriving at Chi
nese bases in the last few weeks
after a long, difficult journey
via Bathurst. Freetown (both on
the West African coast), Eritrea.
Iraq, Iran and India, whence the
greater part are sent to the
Burma front, the rewt continuing
to Kweilin and Kunming (United
States army 'air crops bases in
China), where heavy Consoli
dated and North American type
bombers remain, while fighters
are immediately sent on the the
front.”
Wichita Sunk.
Tokio Reports
LONDON. Aug. 17 (INS)
Reuters (British) News Agency
today reported a broadcast by the
Tokio radio which claimed that the
United States heavy cruiser
Wichita had been sunk by a Japa
nese torpedo plane in the battle of
Solomon Islands.
(Washington has announced
that one American cruiser was
lost, but the name of the vessel
was not given.)
4 Vnsoml
Mrs. Roosevelt Rebuked
for Weather Chats
WASHINGTON. Aug 17 (UP).
—Mrs. Eleanor Roosevelt will no
longer tell the readers of her
daily newspaper column. “My
Day.” about weather conditions.
She has received a “very stern
letter” from the office of censor
ship.
Mrs. Roosevelt hot self is the
authority for Hie information. She
discussed it in her column today.
She wrote:
“The censor ha* written me a
very stern letter about my re
marks on the weather, and *<>
from now on I shall not tell you
whether It rains or whether the
sun shines where I happen to bo.
I imagine it is |»ermlsslhle to
mention whether it I* hot or
cold, and I ran tell you with Joy
that it was cool enough on Sat
urday to take a walk in Wash
ington with pleasure.”
Grew Mentioned
As Aide to Hull
WASHINGTON. Aug 17 (UP).
—Ambassador Joseph Clark Grew,
returning soon on the exchange
ship from Japan, was reported to
day to l>o slated for a job ns
special assistant to Secretary of
State Cordell Hull to advise on
Far Fastern affairs.
The 62-year-old Grew has no
tified the department of his wish
to ro-oprratc in the war effort.
Unless President Roosevelt dele
gates him to a special assignment,
he i- scheduled to take over most
of the department’s advisory work
on the Far East.
Woman Killed, Driver
Thought Asleep, Hurt
Mrs. Elsie Cox. 25. of 415 Trum
bull avenue, was killed instantly
today when the car in which sh«?
wa* riding with her brother. Wil
liam Hill. 29, of Plymouth,
skidded off the rond and into a
tree at Plymouth and Telegraph
roads Police believe Hill, who is
|Tn Eloise Hospital seriously in
jured, fell asleep while driving.
Flying Fortress
Failed l Jiisuited
Meager Bomb Loads, Weak Armor
Blocking Yankee Raids in Europe
LONDON. Aug. 17 (UP).—
American and British aviation
commanders were understood to-,
day to be conferring on the
assignment* for United States
Army Air Corps’ heavy bombers,
which many British critics con
tend. arc unsuited for bombirg
Germany.
Chief criticisms being advanced
against such American as
the “Flying Fortresses and Con-j
solidated Liberator R-'24s are:
1— Their bomb loads, of about
three tons, do not equal the
eight tons carried by British
bombers such as the Lancaster.
2— Their armor and armament !
are insufficient for night j
bombing over heavily defended !
Germany.
—Their speed does not match
Ihat of such British bomb
ers as the Lancaster. Manches
ter. Stirling and Halifax.
SUGGEST TRADE
British authorities, realizing
that American bomber pilot* nr
Britain are itching for their first,
crack at mass raids on Gorman;
targets, are understood to be sug-!
gesting that the American fliers
trade their Fortresses and Libera
tor* for British bombers.
The American planes would
then be turned over to the RAF’s
costal command, where they would
be invaluable for the vital Atlantic
aqd North Sea patrols because of
their long range, despite the com
paratively light bomb load.
It is freely admitted by the
I ‘Greatest
Viet or v
•/
Over Japs*
BV CHARLES A. SMITH
IntrrimUnnal *>«« Vpvkf staff Writer
LONDON, Aug. 17.—The "great
est victory yet achieved” against
the Japanese has been won by
United States forces in the Solo
mon Islands, the London Evening
Star “aid in a special Sydney dis
patch today.
Coincidentally with a dispatch
in the well-informed Yorkshire
ost to the effect that American
marine* who landed in the Solo
mons are receiving a steady flow
of reinforcements, the Star said:
“Despite the ratitiouit tone of
official communiques, it seems
clear that the Allies already
have won In the land, *ea and
air operations in the Solomons
the greatest victory .vet achieved
against the Japanese.
RAF Grounded
By Bad Weather
LONDON, Aug. 17
favorable weather kept the Royal
Air Force at home last night.
A communique of the ministries 1
for air and home security indicated
German night operations also had
been hampered. A “small number"
of enemy planes dropped bombs at
scattered points in ihe north Mid
lands that did little damage and
caused no casualties.
Meanwhile. United States Army
headquarters for the European
theater announced that United
States fighter plane squadrons in
ever-increasing numbers were co
operating with empire air forces
in daylight sweeps over France
and the channel area. In addition
to harrying French objectives with
Canadian squadrons, they had
joined with the RAF in convoy
patrols and interception sorties
throughout the 2*l hours ending at
3 p. m. Sunday.
Prowler Ransacks Home
of Sleeping Patrolman
Patrolman Howard VVikstrom
of the accident prevention bureau
ha» lost all his implements of law
enforcement- and his face.
While he slept, a prowler broke
into •hi*' home at 13320 Woodrow
Wilson avenue and took his badge
(No. 3153 i. his gun. his full uni-;
form. $2 from his wife’s purse and
a sugar rationing book.
The Detroit Time* ha* far more
nationally famou* feature* than
any other Detroit newspaper.
jnsn&im
MEN’S only
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HUDSON
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THROUGHOUT OtTROIT TO RfRVf YOU
British that American medium
bombers are among the best in
the world, but it is equally well
known that the British relegated
the first group of Flying For
tresses sent them a year ago to
secondary duties.
TEST AWAITS SHIPS
The announcement last week by
Maj. Gen. Carl Spaatz, command
ing U. S. air forces in the Euro
pean theater. that American
bombers would soon be in action
against Germany, was expected
hero to mean that the American
planes soon would undergo an ack.
test to establish their value- for
mass night bombing operations.
Peter Masefield, authoritative
aviation expert of the Sunday
Times, outlined one British view
of the American heavy bombers a*
fol low's:
“Plain speaking I* needed In
the common cause. The spirit
and training of American air
crews Is magnificent. But they
have neither the type of aircraft
nor the experience or Ihe pecu
liar conditions to he able to do
Justice to themselves in the im
mediate future In a direct attack
on Germany.
“American heavy bomber*—
the latest Fortress and the Lib
erator*—are floe flving machine*
hut are not suited for bombing
Europe. . . . Unsuitable heavy
bomber* must not he pushed Into
the night offensive over strongly
defended aren*. Still less must
valuable crews be allowed to
throw themselves away by day."
Navy Units Battle
In Dover Straits
LONDON. Aug. 17 i UP). -Brit
ish light naval force* supported hv
shore batteries destroyed at least
one and probably two German
outpost boats and badly damaged
two others in a night battle in th<"
fog-shrouded straits of Dover. t(ic
admiralty announced today.
During the battle residents along
! the English coast heard deep
rumbles indicating that German
long-range artillery between Calais
and Boulogne had gone into action
firing about 20 shells during a
10-minute period.
The admiralty said that British
coastal forces engaged a force ol
five or six German R-boats and
;set fire to one of them which wa>
seen to sink.
I t International News Service
, identified the R-boats as 43-ton
j motor launches.)
“The German commanding of
; fleer was killed hut our patrol
| picked up 15 German ratings
| who are now prisoners of war."
it was stated.
The Detroit Time* ha* far more
nationally famous feature* than
any other Detroit newspaper.
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Authorized Bottler; Oonin* Food Products
Monday, August 17, 1942
Timor Battered
i Again to Support
i Marine Invaders
Allied Guerrilla Force*
Still Harry Japanese
on Dutch Half of Island
GEN. DOUGLAS MAC
ARTHURS HEADQUARTERS
IN AUSTRALIA. Aug. 17.—Allied
forces in the Southwest Pacific
today continued to hatter the
Japanese at both ends of the 3.000-
mile arc of er.emy bases lying
north of Australia.
American marines who secured
several footholds in the Jap
occupied Solomon Islands were
reported making steady pr,ogress,
while over at the western end of
the fortified chain of enemy bases
blows were struck against the
jJap-held island of Timor, from
which reinforcements might be
sent to the battered Japs in the
Solomons.
General MacArthur, after an
-WMmctng thfH- organtrrd resist
ance was being continued by guer
rilla forces against the Japanese
on Timor, disclosed today that
Allied bombers had carried out a
second bombing of a town on the
;island’s southeast roast.
All the Allied planes returned.
The revelation by General Mac-
Arthur that Allied ground forces
on Timor still were resisting led
to belief in some quarters that a
large assault might he launched
against the bland once the United
States marines have established
themselves in the Solomons,
j At I rters It was said that
a Jap convoy, apparently moving
toward the Solomons in an effort
reinforce besieged garrisons
there, apparently had been dis
.peised as a result of repeated at
tacks by Flying Fortresses ari
(other Allied bombers.
Axis Barges Hit
Off Africa Coast
i CAIRO. Egypt. Aug. 17 (UP)
Rritish light ixomhing planes have
scored direct hit* on Axis rein
forcement barges off the African
coast and have attacked transport
behind the Alamein battle zone
despite attempts at interception
by enemy fighters, a communique
said today. •
Flint to Send Aide
To Anti-Gas School
FLINT. Aug. 17 -Flint will
have a representative at the fir't
Michigan school in methods of
combatting g.i- warfare when it
opens in Detroit, August 'JX to 30,
binder sponsorship of the I>etroit
civilian defense office. Uity Mana
ger George T. Gundry is to name
the i ity’s representative this week.