Detroit evening times., June 19, 1945, REDLINE, Image 1

About Detroit evening times. (Detroit, Mich) 1921-1958

Image provided by: Central Michigan University, Clark Historical Library

                
(Reprinted From The
Detroit Times of
May 29, 1940)
In the
NEWS
IN VIEW of the disaster
which prevails abroad,
and the disorder which
exists in our own country,
one would almost be in
clined to the belief that
democracies are incapable
of co-ordinated military
organization and action.
But there is at least one
democracy which has a
plan which is not only ef
fective as a-war machine,
but which does not inter
fere with the essential
freedom of the citizens or
the nation.
The United States has a
population of 130 million,
and an effective army of
00,000 to 75,000 men.
Switzerland has a popu
lation of 4,(KM),000 and an
effective army of 450.0(H)
men.
It is a citizen army, cor
responding largely to our
national guard; hilt it em
braces the whole male pop
ulation capable of bearing
arms.
Senator Ix>dge proposes
for the United States a
standing army of profes
sional soldiers of 750,000
men.
That is 10 times our
present effective force, but
it is not nearly enough for
war, and altogether too
much for peace.
A standing army of pro
fessional soldiers, sufficient
in force adequately to de
fend the nation, might be,
and probablv would prove
a definite danger to democ
rat .
It would be under the
control of the government,
and would only await the
time when some unworthy
and ambitious persons
might wish to use it to de
stroy civic rights, and ex
tinguish the torch of lib
erty.
Citizen soldiers are still
citizens, and their training
and equipment, their
power and their persons,
can easily be used in de
fense of their rights rather
than in the destruction of
them.
Let us review* the citizen
•oldiery of Switzerland and
see if there are not there
principles and practices
which can be adapted to
the use of our republic,
which is almost as free and
genuine a democracy as
theirs.
In Switzerland there is
no standing army what
ever. but a truly national
militia, which corresponds
In a sense, as we have said,
to our national guard, ex
cept that it is completely
comprehensive, and re
quires the services in some
form of every citizen.
The national constitution
prescribes military liability
for every citizen from his
20th to his 48th year.
There are, to be sure, a
few exceptions such as
police force, prison em
ployes, clergymen and
teachers.
While* service is compul
sory, every one must be
phy s 1 rally, monffly and
mentally fit before he is
accepted as a soldier.
Those who cannot pass
examinations for fitness
have to pay additional
taxes, depending on the
value of income or prop
erty.
Service is sought, not
avoided, and is regarded as
a benefit—an honor as well
as a patriotic duty.
There exist in all cities
cadet corps for the train
ing of boys from 14 to 20
years of age. But exami
nations for the regular
training of the citizen sol
diery take place only at
the age of 19.
If minor physical defects
make a candidate fall short
of requirements, he is told
to remedy those defects,
and is given a re-examina
tion in subsequent years.
IF PHYSICAL defects
are not serious, but
nevertheless debar a man
from full military service,
be Ls assigned to the aux
iliary corps.
AJI such rejected men,
however, must contribute
(Continued on rip 1, Col. •)
GEN. ’IKE’ GREETING HIS WIFE
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Gen. Eisenhower, the man whose
Anglo-American armies smashed Germany
jHigh Court Voids
Bridges Ouster
WASHINGTON, June 18 (INS)
—The Supreme Court today set
aside an order for deportation of
1 Harry Bridge*, alien VVe*t (toast
CIO maritime union leader.
Bridges had been ordered de
porti'd to Australia.
The decision was by n 5 to 3
vote, with Justice Jackson not
[»articipalmg.
The majority opinion «h« writ
ten by Justice Dnuglav while
Chief Justice Stone wrote the
dissenting opinion in which he
was joined by Justices Roberts
and Frankfurter.
1 The high tribunal held that
Rndge* had not received a fair
hearing and therefore said that
his detention under the warrant
of deportation is unlawful.
Because of this basis of the
decision, the court did not go
into the larger constitutional
questions, such as the authority of
Congress to order deportation of
aliens who are Communists.
The court found that Bridges
was ordered deported on a mis
construction,of the term “affilia
tion” as used in the law, with ref
tyence to affiliation with groups
advocating overthrow of the gov
ernment by force and violence.
2,000,000 Germans
Flee Sudetenland
PRAGUE, June 18 (UP)-The
first of some 2,000,000 chastened
Sudeten Germans were reported
.fleeing across the Czecho-Slovak
border into Germany today in ex
pectation of a mass ouster.
There has been no forced exo
dus from the borderland yet, and
Czecho-Slovak officials there have
been ordered to “go easy” until
an agreement on the population
transfer has been reached with
the United States, Britain and
Russia.
(•ermnn l*ri«om*r
Wounded by f*uard
COLORADO SPRINGS. June 18
(INSi—A German prisoner of war
was w’ounded seriously by an
American guard in a sugar beet
field near a branch prison camp
at Sugar City, Colo., after a
quarrel over work.
In the Times TODAY
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Bsenhowor Tells Congress:
Gen. Ike Greets
Wife With Kiss
15 Seconds Long
WASHINGTON. June 18 (UP)
—Gen Ike. grinning ear to ear. to
day threw his arms around Mrs.
Ike and almo*t cracked § few ribs.
"Hello, Mamie!" h<- ai<i and.
holding her face, gave her a 15-
second Hollywood kiss.
"Ahh." smiled the general, as
he finally loosed her.
“Oh. I’m "to happy to *ee you!**
Mrs. Ike said.
Bearing a fairly distinguishable
smudge of lipstick, the general
turned to Mrs. Ike'* parents. Mr
and Mrs. John Sheldon Doud of
Denver and San Amonio.
MOTHER-IN-LAW, TOO
"Do von remember me?" Mrs.
Doud queried.
"Min!" he cried, and embraced
her. Then he shook hands with
his white-haired, dignified-look
ing father-in-la*.
Mrs. Ike, meanwhile, was look
ing around for her boy—blond Lt.
John Sheldon Doud Eisenhower, 22
years old. and 6 feet tall—who
accompanied his father home.
She caught him slipping off to
one side and gave the bashful boy
a hearty kiss.
REFUSE RE-STAGING
Well, you couldn’t tell whose
grin was greater, the general’s or
Mrs. Ike's. She beamed. And
he beamed. He said he thought
she was looking mighty beautiful.
She said she thought he was look
ing tanned and well.
They both refused to re-enact
the kiss for photographers, but
obligingly stood for hand-in-hand
pictures.
5 P.M. FLASHES
13 NORTHEAST GOVERNORS TO DISCUSS SHORTAGES
HARTFORD, Conn., June 18 (l T P) —Gov. Raymond
E. Baldwin announced today that he and Gov. Dewey of
New York had arranged for a joint conference of the
governors of 13 northeastern state* to be held Friday in
New York to diacuss food shortages.
-4
TRUMAN OFF ON WESTERN TOUR TOMORROW
WASHINGTON, June 18 (INS) —White House
secretary Ross announced today that President Truman
will take off tomorrow for Olympia. Wash., on the first
leg of the journey which is to carry him to the San
Francisco United Nations conference.
BELGIAN LIBERALS ASK KING LEOPOLD TO QUIT
BRUSSELS, June 18 (UP) —The national committee
of the Liberal party adopted by a vote of 88 to 3 today
a resolution asking King Leopold of the Belgians to
abdicate. The Liberal party action was taken as Belgians
waited for the return of Leopold after fivt years of Ger
man captivity. *
International .Vmftd Photo
from the west, stepping off the plane at the
airport in Washington to greet his wife.
Chinese Capture
Wenchow Port
CHUNGKING. June 18 (UP)—
Chinese troops broke into the big
treaty port of Wrnohow early to
day, opening a second potential
invasion gate on the China coast
for the American forces on Oki
nawa. 440 miles to the east.
A communique said the Chinese
entered Wenchow. 240 miles south
of Shanghai at 6 a m . driving
the Japanese garrison across the
Wu River to the north
Deep in the interior of South
China, other Chinese forces closed
in on the former American air
base of Liuchow from the north
west, west and southwest. The
nearest column was reported 21
miles southwest of Liuchow after
capturing Tatang.
Haw Haw in Court
On Treason Charge
LONDON. June 18 (INS)—Wil
liam Joyce, the Englishman who.
as Lord Haw Haw, broadcast
anti-British tirades from Berlin,
was arraigned today in Bow* street
magistrate's court on a charge of
treason.
Berlin Commander Dead
LONDON, Juap 18 (UP)—The
Berlin radio said today that Col.
Gen. Nikolai Berzarin, Red Army
commandant of Berlin, had.been
killed in an accident
DETR(SFRipTffoIES
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so a«a
Poles Admit Guilt
Confessions
Made by 15
As Trials Start
MOSCOW, June IS (UP)—Fif
teen of 16 Polish underground
leaders, charged with terroristic
acts against the Red Army pleaded
guilty today to all or part of the
charges when they went on trial
before a Soviet military tribunal.
Gen. Bronislaw Okulicki. leader
of the Polish home army, was
among a group of 12 defendants
who pleaded guilty to all the
charges. Three others pleaded
guilty, in part, to the charges and
the sixteenth, identified as Zbig
niew Stypulkowski, declared him
self inoncent.
One group of the Poles was
charged with the organization of
armed bands In White Russia and
the western Ukraine on instruc
tions from the London Polish gov
ernment for the purpose of at
tacking Red army formations.
USED HIDDEN RADIOS
A second group was rharged
with using clandestine radio sta
tions.
The indictment charged that
Okulicki admitted under prelimi
nary examination that he ordered
the Polish home army to maintain
itself intact in order to fight the
Red army.
It said he admitted operating,
during 1944. 25 secret radio sta
tions in Poland and 10 in the
western Ukraine. Okulicki also
was accused of espionage and
sabotage.
The Indictment quoted an al
leged order from Okulicki to one
Col. Slaboda. dated March 22.
1945, a few days before the Polish
group was arrested.
ADMISSION FOLLOWS
After Maj. Gen. Asanasiev read
the indictment he questioned
Okulicki, who said:
"I admit what I have already
testified but I cannot accept
the formula of the Indictment.**
Jan Jankowski, vice premier of
the Polish London government,
said in reply to the question:
“I am guilty of the main
count.**
Fifteen of the 16 defendants
w*ere present as the trail opened
in the glittering trade union hall,
which was the Nobles Club be
fore the Soviet revolution. The
proceedings were attended also
by foreign correspondents and
diplomats.
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Detroit 31, Mich., Tuesday, June 19, 1945 5 Cents
■ . . . I ■! I. M.— !■ ■■ I
Peace in Our Time j
By CLARE BOOTHE LUCE
Republican RcprcacntaUva from (ounce!leal
WASHINGTON, June 18—“ When does might
make right, and when does might make wrong?”
“When is a principle not a principle.”
“When is appeasement not appeasement?”
These are questions which increasingly Ameri
cans have begun to ask since V-E Day.
They have begun to ask them of their favorite
“liberals” and moral crusaders— the men who, be
tween Munich and Stalingrad, challenged the con
science of the world to rife against nazism—largely
on the grounds of MORAL PRINCIPLE.
Between the years 1938 and 1942 these American
liberals, moralists, crusaders, these MEN OF PRINCIPLE,
riveted the eyes of all their fellow citizens upon the tragedy
being enacted in Hitler’s Europe, and in passionate and
eloquent voices, voices trembling with a sense of outraged
decency and justice, delineated and defined the international
w’orld of good and evil, the deeds of a nation that w*ere
right and those that were wrong.
They laid down a list of principles in international con
duct, and of a nation’s conduct to its own citizens and to
the nationals of neighboring countries which they declared
to be immutable in the eyes of decent men, of free men, of
men who believed in God.
What were those principles with which they sought to
stab—and did stab the conscience of so many Americans
in the years just past?
The first of these principles was that military or
political aggression by a great or major power on a smaller
and weaker power w*as immoral, and therefore dangerous
to the climate of freedom, and to the peace of the world.
Baliy Sale
Revealed
By HAROLD ARNOW
More than 725 Michigan babies,
two-thirds of them in Detroit, are
black market merchandise in a
booming adoption racket, F. F.
Fauri, state director of social wel
fare. said today.
Many of the babies belong to
troubled wives of servicemen,
Fauri said, but some are still pro
cured from unmarried mothers.
"When I say black market, 1
mean case* where money is paid
by the adopting couple and the
adoption in not through probate
court," Fauri explained.
FRIENDSHIP FAVORS
“When you count adoption*
arranged a* favor* for friend*
hy phy*ician* and other Inter
mediarle*. the .number might
even be much higher.**
Although insisting that no exact
statistics on the baby market are
available because so many of the
transactions never come to light,
Fauri declared that social investi
gations do indicate that probably
more than 60 babies a month are
(Continued on Page 2, Col. I)
MacArthur to Keep
Land Force Command
WASHINGTON, June 18 (INS)
—Gen. MacArthur. it was learned
today, will have ultimate supreme
command of American operations
in the final defeat of Japan.
Despite .the redeployment of
large forces, including many
famous and highly esteemed gen
eral from Europe, Mac*
Arthur will keep his present
'position of commander of Allied
l land forces in the Pacific.
We can still hear their voices
ringing in thunderous denuncia
tion of Japan, when she entered
Manchuria, or Italy when she
entered Ethiopia, or Germany
when she entered Austria and
Czechoslovakia, or Russia when
she entered Finland, and of both
Germany and Russia when they
jointly occupied Poland.
No Japanese excuses that Japan
needed borderline “security,” no
Italian excuses that Italy needed a
greater measure of world trade,
no Nazi excuses that Germany
needed "friendly governments”
around her, no Russian excuses
that Russia needed military se
curity on her German or Finnish
borders, were acceptable; nor
should they have been acceptable.
Every one of these acts was bit
terly and fiercely and properly
denounced by American liberals
as immoral, and the men who ac
(Continned on Page Five)
Detroiter Killed in Ohio
XENIA, 0.. June 18 (UP)—
Mrs. Vernon Schoat, 45, of 8832
East Vemor highway, Detroit,
was killed today when the auto
mobile in which she was riding
struck a utility pole in downtown
Xenia.
150 T-Men to Hunt
Michigan Tax Cheats
Albert C. Grunewald, special
agent in charge of the treasury
department's Detroit intelligence
unit, said today that an army of
6,500 T-men would be assigned
the immediate task of running
down income-tax evaders whose
delinquencies run into many mil
lions of dollars.
More than 150 of the new agents
will be assigned to Michigan.
Recruiting of this army got
under way today as the first step
in what Gruenwald said would be
an intensive campaign.
Five hundred cases already are
under the investigating eye o i
RED
LINE
COMPLETE MARKETS
PAGE 16
Eisenhower
Gels Ovation
From Capital
Complete Text of Eisen
hower Speech Before
Congress, Page $
WASHINGTON, June 18
(INS) Gen. Eisenhower,
welcomed home from his
victory in Europe by a grate
ful nation, today modestly
disclaimed personal credit for
the destruction of the Ger
man war machine and gave It
all to the GI Joes and their
Allies.
The warrior general who led
the Allied armies to victory in
the west, told a joint session of
Congress, convened to honor him,
that American productive genius
and the fighting qualities of its
men had constantly surpassed the
best that Germany could bring
forth.
SPEAKS IN HOUSE
"Ike” made his war report to
the nation in the House of Rep
resentatives. The soft-spoken gen
eral first had been cheered hys
terically by hundreds of thou
sands along a triumphal line of
march from National Airport,
where he arrived by plane from
Europe, up jam-packed historic
Pennsylvania avenue to Capitol
Hill.
On a solemn and fervent note,
the general told the nation’! as
sembled leaders that, with the
war in Europe won, the problem!
of peace must be met with tM
same unity the Allies displayed
in war.
He said that this thought and
belief is “imbedded deep in the
hearts of all fighting men."
WANTS JUST PEACE
“To his mind the problems of
peace can be no more difficult
than the one you had to solve
more than three years ago, and
which. In one battle area, has
now been brought to a success
ful conclusion," the general as
serted.
“He knows that in war the
threat of separate annihilation
tends to hold Allies together; he
hopes we can find In peace a
nobler Incentive to produce the
same unity.
“He passionately believes
that, with the same determina
tion, the same optimistic reso
lution and the same mutual
consideration among Allies that
marshalled In Europe forces ca
pable of crushing what had been
(Continued on Page 2, Cot S)
treasury department ifinti
Much of the money involved is
believed to represent profits from
black market operations and war*
contract manipulations.
Grunewald pointed out that the
recruiting campaign would be a
break for returning veterans
without jobs. Men with account
ing, investigating and legal ex
perience or training are needed
in numbers, he said.
Applications should go to
Harold E. Forbes, federal dell
service director for Michigan,
whose qffjce is in the federal
, building.