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THE ST. LANDRY DEMOCRAT. E. P, GOODWIN, Eiitoî and Pnblisher. Opelousas, - Louisiana. The Immense Sugar Industry of Loui siana. Tlie Cincinnati Times-Star publishes a letter from ex-Governor Warmoth to Sen ator Farwell, in which Le expresses him self as follows : "We have one hundred millions of dollars' worth of machinery in our sugar houses of Louisiana, without counting what is invested in Florida and Texas. We buy all our meat, bread three fifths of the feed for our animals, all our mules, wagons, agricultural imple ments, a large part of our fertilizers, coop erage, and over one million dollars' worth of coal annually from the Northern State»' * * * Ten years ago, 1500 lbs. 3° f su £ ar P e r acre was an average yield ; this has been increased to an average of 2000 lbs., and our best places, with best machinery, get as much as 4000 lbs. per acre. To attain these results we have labored diligently, and spent large sums of money in investigation and experimen tation. It would astound you to see our junk piles around our sugar houses ; tons and tons of discarded machinery which had been thrown out to give place to new and improved machinery. Four hundred thousand people are engaged directlv or indirectly in this enterprise in one State alone."— South Illustrated. Selecting Their Homes. The first thing that a home seeker in Louisiana from the Nortwest, after his arrival, is presumably, to seek his future home, unless provision has been made for that before leaving his former place of residence. He goes about "prospecting" (to use an expressive Americanism) and finally, when satisfied as to price, locality, social and hygenic conditions, etc., estab lishes himself on the land he has bought, and sets up the new fireside, of himself and family. This is what has been done by the party who came to Louisiana a few weeks ago in charge of agents of the State Immigration Association. Land owners in Louisiana should remember that these new comers are in the main, hard working farmers, who come to this State, not as speculators or investors, but as industrious men, who hope by thrift and perseverance, to make a livelihood for themselves and their families. When land owners are approached, therefore, on ths subject of selling land to these peo ple, they should meet their propositions in a spirit of fairness and moderation, and not deter them, perhaps, to the injury of the cause of immigration, by asking too high prices.— South Illustrated. Do Locomotives Cause Storms? A correspondent of the Northwestern Railroader advances a curious theory for the increasing prevalence of Hoods and rainstorms. He says that there are over 30,000 locomotives in use in North Amer ica, and estimates that from them alone over 53,000,000,000 cubic yards of vapor are sent into the atmosphere every week, to be returned in the form of rain, or over 7,000,000,000 cubic yards a day—"quite enough." he says, "to produce a good rain fall every 24 hours." Estimating the number of other non-conden3ing engines in use as eight times the number of loco motives, the total vapor thus sent into the air every week in this countrv amounts to more than 470,000,000,000 cubic yards. "Is this not," he asks, "sufficient for the floods of terror ?" Is there any reason to wonder why our storms are so damaging ? If the above be true, it would be wise on the part of the present Texas legisla ture to pass a law encouraging the build ing of new lines in the drouth stricken districts of thafr* great State. Sheep Husbandry. It was an unfortunate day for the aver age American farmer, when the sheep in dustry declined. A few sheep on every farm are such economizers of food and bring such a con stant annual revenue to the home. The time came, a time when South Americk and Australia could «ade'* I much lo lî/ace wool our average farmer that competition was almost useless and gradually the sheep were sold from the farm or exchanged for cattle. Other lines of agriculture became more profitable. This condition may continue for many years in the North, but we see no reason why it should apply to Louisiana. Sheep are perfectly healthy here and can be kept and bred successfully without care other than shearing. Mutton brings a good price and is in great demand in our local mar kets. As compared with Australia and South America the price of mutton alone decides the question in favor of Louisiana, and decides it so completely that there is no room for arguments. Let us enumer ate some of the points in favor of sheep husbandry in Louisiana. 1. The native grasses are always green enough to support sheep, and few sheep in the State have ever received much else. 2. The Albuminous plants, so profitable for feeding sheep, are exactly adapted to to our soil and climate. A little cow-pea hay during the winter would be of great value in the production of wool, and cow peas are almost a natural product of our farms. 3. The turnip has long been regarded as essential to the sheep industry. Tur nips are grown in Louisiana without care. Fold the sheep at night during the sum mer on a small piece of ground ; in Sep tember plow, harrow and sow this to turnips. As many as 1000 bushels per" acre are frequently produced without any cultivation. 4. Sheep are* perfectly healthy and amazingly prolific. Wool and mutton are worth as «auch here as in any portion of the United States, unless very near some of the Atlantic cities. 5. Large tracts of the best sheep lands can be purchased at less than three dol lars per acre. With a delightful climate, and with the possibilities of producing fruits and nuts, it appears to us that the sheep industry most soon become one of importance. The paying off of the hands engaged in the cotton, sugar and rice fields for the past few months in our State has put a good deal of money in circulation in the parishes, and the merchants in various lines have profited accordingly. Prosperity of the Cotton Trade. The year 1888 was one of the most pros perous years the cotton trade of the world has ever experienced. Cotton manufactur ing centers everywhere report handsome profits on the results of the year's business, and in spite of the fact that the shipments have been unprecedentedly heavy, consum ers are reported to be short of supplies, and mills everywhere are crowded with orders. In England the revival in the manufac ture of cotton goods has been most pro nounced, and the comparison with recent seasons is absolutely startling. Profits have been larger than for any year in the past decade, and the year closed with stocks depleted, and with orders abreast for several months. American cotton mills have been hardly less fortunate than those on the other side of the Atlantic. All the New England mills earned large profits, and Southern mills without exception did handsomely. Of the Northern mills the Pepperill paid 14 per cent, the D wight 10 per cent, the Pacific 10 per cent, the Lawrence 10 per cent, the Amoskeag 10 per cent, the Man chester 12£ per cent, the Nashua 10 per cent, the Low 9 per cent, the American Linen 22 J per cent, the Browne 16 per cent, the Fall River 12 per cent, and others of less note from 10 to 22 per cent. If these Northern mills have found the business lucrative, how much more profit able should Southern mills be considered that are placed directly in the cotton fields with the staple growing at their very door. This must necessarily put them in posses sion of their raw material much cheaper than the Northern mills. As a matter of fact the South has already successfully competed with the Eastern mills in manufacturing coarse fabrics, and considerable exporting has been done. In this connection the following, which is an extract from a letter published in the Bal timore Manufacturers' Record, wiil be in teresting : "The mills of the Southern States possess a decided advantage over the mills in the North and Great Britain, in that they have the raw cotton at their doors, and that this alone represents a money value sufficient to give them control of the coarse goods has been fully demonstrated within the last ten years. This difference can be more clearly shown by the following illus tration : Let us assume a 40,000 spindle mill located at any well-selected site in the cotton growing section of the Southern States. This mill, properly equipped with the latest and most approved style of ma chinery for the manufacture of standard 4-4 sheetings to Nos. 12 to 14 yarns, would cost complete $800,000, and would con sume 20,000 bales of cotton per annum. It is variously estimated that the difference in cost of a bale of cotton (490 pounds) be tween the mills in Augusta, Ga., and Fall River, Mass., is from $4 to $6 per bale. Assume the lowest estimate of $4 per bale, and you have 20,000x$4 equals $80,000 in favor of the Augusta mill, or a saving of 10 per cent on the complete cost of the mill in cotton alone." Southern mills have made great strides during recent years and are annually ab sorbing a large amount of raw material. New mills are going up in all directions, and the day is not far distant when this section of the country will be as noted for its manufactured cotton goods as it now is as the home of the raw material.—N. 0. Picayune, Resolutions Passed by the State Agri cultural Society. The following resolutions were adopted by the State Agricultural Society at its meeting in Monroe on Jan. 12, 1889. Resolved, That our Senators and Rep resentatives in Congress be requested to use all efforts in their power to advance the Commissioner of Agriculture to a cab inet position. Resolved, That the especial thanks, r if this convention be tendered Commi; Vioner Colman for the great interest he has taken in the industries of Louisiana, and to whom they owe much of their present development ; and the Department be requested to continue its investigations in the production of sugar from sorghum. Resolved, That the Louisiana Bureau of Agriculture has our hearty thanks for the earnest interest it has taken in the development of our agriculture, and especially in the organization and devel opment of our several experimental stations. Resolved, That we congratulate the farmers of this State upon their rapid organization into local societies*,, advancement of agr^ffi^é'/and that all such societies be r iftgquested ' t0 send de] gates to our meet* 1 Resolved, a it Tb« mgs - ^-■-x i "tth e farmers of Louisi <\.ua invite immigration into this State of intelligent men and women from all other States, and that they shall find here a cordial welcome, hearty co-operation, fer tile lands and pleasant homes. Resolved, That we hail with satisfac tion the large immigration of strong, pros perous farmers into Southern Louisiana from the Northwest, and into North Loui siana from Alabama and Georgia. ..c-vp Immigration. The talented editor, A. J. Lafarque, of the Marksville Bulletin, says : " Immi gration means prosperity ; it means the development of our resources ; it means the cultivation of our wild lands, and the inhabitation of our waste places. Capital will follow immigration, and where to-day stagnation in business reigns eight months in the year, business activity, push and thrift will be seen the entire year. Immi gration is the only salvation for this coun try. Louisiana is prospering to-day ; the chief agents of her upward strides are those intelligent, industrious, wide-awake sons of the North and W r est, and foreign lands who have come among us to help us make Louisiana the favored spot of the American Union. The traveler in the great West must be impressed with the uniformity of the land scape. Almost as flat as Holland, the vast prairie seems as endless as sea or sky, and the eye of the immigrant is delighted with the luxurious crops which indicate a rich soiL He forgets that all this beauty is located at a long distance from the great distributing centers of trade, and that transportation over long line3 of roads must be paid for before it reaches a mar ket. But in Louisiana nature has kindly fur nished waterways to market through the numerous rivers and bay#us which form a network all over the State and intersect ach parish. With the great Mississippi and its tribu taries running the whole length of the State, and the Gulf of Mexico forming the Southern boundary, our people can never be subject to imposition from the monopoly of transportation companies. The alluvial parishes are East Carroll, Madison, Tensas, Concordia, Avoyelles, Among the sugar yields of Lafourche plantations may be mentioned that of E. J. Gay's "Acadia" m plantation, which amounted to 1,110,000 pounds. English Immigrants. Mr. James Maund, living in tfie eastern part of Calcasieu parish, has been writing letters to the agricultural districts of Eng land, pertaining to Louisiana. Several years ago a number of immi grants from England settled in the parish of East Feliciana and began farming oper ations. Since then every year brings recruits to their number, and they were represented last year as being the most thriving farmers in the parish. Some of them had started with very little capital and purchased lands on credit that were considered by some as worn out. They have paid for their lands and are making money, raising principally cotton. Below we give one of Mr. Maund's letters to the Hereford Times: As I see by various reports in your valu able paper, that the Herefordshire farmers are still suffering from the great depres sion that has so long existed in agricul tural pursuits, I cannot resist the tempt a tion to call attention to the many advan tages offered here to all who are disposed to emigrate. In the first place, I would strongly urge the farmers not to try any of the Northern States. When I first came out I went to the North, but found the cold so severe there—the thermometer often going many degrees below zero— that it was quite useless for me to think of doing any good there at farming. I was induced to come to Louisiana, where, I am pleased to state, I found a very different climate, having spent four winters here without seeing ice much thicker than a pane of glass. It is a mild and equable climate, and the land cheap and fertile. There is some land yet open to settlement under the homestead laws of the United States at £0 for 160 acres ; other lands can be bought at £1 per acre, with ample time for payment, if required, at which price there are thousands of acres in this immediate vicinity and far superior in fertility to many parts of your country. The lands will grow an almost tndless variety of croDS, as maize, rice, cot ton, sugar cane, tobacco, etc., also all kinds of vegetables and fruit, including oranges, in sheltered situations. It is a good section for raising live s^' Jx, as stock will live on these prairie|| 1(r e year round, without care or Mtf-' ' We are within easy reach ofjjfii j l PRS, a town of 250,000 inhabitants^, j i pjaere is a good market for all fap ; I Pice, with a. good demand for fru/J^ ] ^vegetables. There is in New Orleans a State immigra tion office, where information is cheerfully given to all newcomers respecting the most desirable locations to settle, and also the best way or mode of traveling. Here the new settler can have his choice either of prairie, timber land or the rich lands of the Teche, where crops have been grown for upwards of a century without needing fertilizing. The great forests of pine and other timber that abounds in this State makes lumber for building and fencing I am certain there are many struggling farmers in your county who could here build up comfortable homes, surrounded by their own land, and soon obtain a posi tion which will never be possible in the old country. Mechanics, especially car penters, are in good demand, and would do well here. What I would suggest is that a few farmers would join together and send one or more out here and see the country. They could then form a colony to themselves and assist each other to build up the same. There is a kind of dread with many people at the thought of crossing the ocean, but the comforts and facilities given now by the great steam ship companies render the voyage quite a pleasure trip. The cheapest way is to take the steamer direct from Liverpool to New Orleans, otherwise by steamer to New York, thence by rail *o New Orleans. If any one who contemplates coming over will write to me, I shall be plîased to give all the information in my power from information gained on the spot. James S. Maund. Jenningr, Cilcasieu Parish, la., U. S. A Cane Growing in the Prairie Parishes. In the Jennings Reporter of the 24th of January, may be found the proceedings of a meeting of the citizens in the interest of cane growing in Calcasieu. This is a move that should be encouraged Not that we need an experimental farm to prove that cane growing is a success here. This is an established fact ; but to grow it because it is one of the " ' llùu proiitaoie crops we can this are glad dm' ° ,. ,, see the Reporter coming out editorially on this subject, as it needs to be more thor oughly discussed and brought before the minds of the people. It has been thought by some that cane cannot be grown suc cessfully in the prairie region. On this subject we give an article from that reliable Sugar-Bowl aud Farm Journal. It says : It is a fact not generally known that in years gone by the most prosperous sugar planters of Attakapas were those located on the prairie lands, back from the wa'er courses, and employed horse mills and the open kettle system of evaporation. While this prairie sugar always had an objection able grayish tint, yet it sold fairly well, and the economical method of manufacture (mostly by the labor of the planter's im mediate family) left a good profit. Now, however, since improved evaporators are coming into pre'ty general use, the color of prairie sugar is easily overcome, and we believe the time is near at hand when thousands of acres of our rich prairie lands, now devoted principally to cotton and other crops, will become green with can"}. can"}. Hitherto the difficulty of obtaining fuel has prevented a more general cultivation of our prairie lands in cane. Now we have two reasons for expecting a great change in this respect ; first, because begasse promises soon to furnish the bulk of the fuel required for evaporation, and secondly, beause the extention of railroads through the country will enable the delivery of fuel almost as cheaply in the interior as on the rivers. As an instance, a Lafayette gen tleman lately told us it would pay to put up sugar works at Scott Station, to accom modate the numerous small planters who wanted to grow cane, since wood could be delivered there at $3 per cord. This being the case, we do not know of a better field for capital than to establish central sugar factories on our prairies. Who will start the enterprise? Some have gotten hold of the idea that it was abandoned because it could not be successfully grown. When we are con stantly shown specimens of cane grown in the prairie and timber regions of Calcasieu equal to any grown on what is termed sugar lands on the Teche and other bayous, Tie are forced to hunt about for other causes as to why cane has not been culti vated on the prairies. The Sugar-Bowl gives one reason for the abandonment on the prairies—lack of fuel—to which we will add another, namely, hauling to ship ping points. If any one will take the trouble to visit the sugar estates in the prairies six or eight miles out from the Teche, they will soon be convinced of the great difficulty of hauling sugar even that distance. Both of these hindrances may now be easily overcome. In the diffusion process, with the necessary roller machin ery added, bagasse will supply the greater part of the fuel necessary, and the use of tramroads, together with good dirt roads, will overcome the matter of transportation to shipping points. From our knowledge of the cultivation of cane and the soil of the prairies of Calcasieu, we believe we have superior advantages in its cultivation. Our soil must be thoroughly drained, like all other sugar lands ; no more. In fact, we believe we can get along with one-third less drainage than many other sections. We will have no expense of steam drainage as in many places on the rivers and bayous. Besides, the prairie lands have sufficient ssnd to admit the water to seep through and clear itself from the surface, thereby giving protection to the stubble. It will be remembered by many that the stubble cane on the Teche and many other places on the coast was al most a failure in the spring of 1881. It was believed at first that the severe cold winter had frozen the stubble, but careful observers came to the conclusion it was caused by water standing too much on the surface, which caused the stubble to rot. They had good reasons for coming to this conclusion. The rows of cane nearest the ditches, where they were thoroughly drained, sprouted their stubble well ; but the rows midway between the ditches, where drainage was imperfect, scarcely had any stubble sprouts. These lands had their surface drains leading crosswise from ditch to ditch, for the purpose of carrying off the surface water. Still, the soil is of such a nature as not to admit thorough drainage in times of continued wet weather. We have a soil in our prairie lands with just about a sufficiency of sand to admit of free surface drainage, and this is some thing very necessary in the successful cul tivation of cane. We have other advan tages over the sticky or waxy lands. We can have better roads. Our dirt roads, when well thrown up in the center, are far better than the turnpike in some sec tions. After a rain they dry off quickly, and in drying they are entirely free from that sticky nature that is so much dreaded in some sections. With the diffusion pro cess a success (and it is now assured) it is only a question of time when the great prairie region of Southwest Louisiana will be one vast sugar region. The North and South Louisiana Farm ers jn Convention. exposition of what the state can do and what she should do. Special to the New Orleans Picayune. Calhoun Experiment Station , Jan. 24tli.— At the Dight session of yesterday Captain H. P. Wells delivered an addr. S3 on leaks in farming before the c inven tion. He made some capital hints on the shortcomings of the farmers, including those of not loving the profession and therefore inattention to the farm. He was followed by T, J. Guice, State lecturer of the Farmers' Union and State Alliance. His address covered many points, bat one was considered unusually significant as it referred to the opening up of a means of manufacturing the great staple of the South at home, to wit : Cotton, by taxing each bale raised $1 to build cotton mills in the cotton center of the South. A half million of dollars could be raised in this State next season and in two years the amount would man ufacture all < ur citton goods. This is considered a big subject and worthy of discussion and consideration. At 9 o'clock this morning a special train reached here from Monroe Avith the members of the agricultural con vention who wera to hold to day's meeting at this point and enjoy a barbe cue prepared by the North Louisiana Ag ricultural Society. On reaching thelarm which is fourteen miles west of Monroe, the crowd was met by Mr. Calhoun, sup erintendtnt of the farm, who explained that he had experimented in 25 acres, which included a total of 250 experi ments, consisting of 31 viirip<ia^—o ton, 15 in corn.-11 oi field peas, 40 of grasses, 3 of peanut an 1 200 , estg - n f er til 1Z 3rt ; and m orchard growths 50 varieties of apples, 58 varie ties of grapes. 25 ofpeacbes, 12 of apri cots, 12 of quinces, 10 figs, 12 of persim mons, 28 of plums, 40 of pears, 3 of al monds, 3 of chestnuts, 25 ot strawberries, and 1 of filberts,also 10 breeds of chickens and 1 pair of Holstein and Jersey cattle There are 150 acres under fence with a two story dwelliug house, laboratory, barn, stable and tool and wagon housA All this has been put in operation since last June. Mr. C'alhoun will use 60 acres next season in expriment, including all the above varieties and many more. At midday Mr White, president of the North Louisiana Agricultural S< c ety called the assembly together in the loft of the barn and requested Rev T. J Humble to op^n the proceedings with prayer. W. F. Millsaps delivered an address of welcome and said there should be uni ty between North and South Louisiana farmers. He, as a hill man, favored the pr otection of the sugar industry At the conclusion of Mr. Millsaps' ad dress President Brent took charge Of the meeting and introduced Major F. L Max well, of Madison parish, who read a vety flae essay, on tue smaller industries nec essary to develop agriculture in Louisi ana. * He planted 120 acre} last season in Irish po'atoes, making over 100 bushels to the acre, yie ding him a clear profit of $75 per acre, and then planted other crops on the same land after the potatoes were harvested. He a 1 so planted cabbages on an extensive scale and m^de money on them He brought a very fine sample here to show his success and hoped to encourage the people to follow a like course course He pronounced the raising of cabbage more profitable than cotton as it will yield from $200 to $500 per acie. He wou!d not discontinue cotton, but advises to cut the cop off 2,000,0C0 ba'ts and make the crop yield as much money as it now yieids, and raise at home something for home use. He says he can grow bay here as fine and as much as in Kentucky, Illinois, and Indiana. He urged the planter j to discontinue buying Kentyikp mules and sending money away from home. He insists that hogs can be raised cheaper here than in the northwest. Major Maxwell answered many pr. cti cal inquiries about his manner of plant ing harvesting and shipping; At 1 o'clock an adjournment was had to the birbecup, where several hundred people found all they could eat. The South Louisiana delegation wishes to ex press their appreciations through these c >me extended them by these farmers. Alter dioner Mr. John Dymond read a fine article on sugar and give the facts with reference to beet sugar and sor ghum. Prof Stubbs supplimented the discus sion of sorghum by saying all the State in a few years would be shipping sorghum to a central diffusion mill. Mr. M Mithoff read a scientific article on orange culture in Louisiana. The excursion train returned to Mon roe for a night session. H. H. Hargrove. r . _ _ telegrams of the kindly and ct rdial wel a .m» avfûnHaH tV»*vm "he- thp «?p fnrmprs Who Should Come to Louisiana. thousands of persons are making up their minds to settle at an early day in louisiana. It is a settled question that people can do well here, and far beyond their ex pectations, provided they have means to start in business and the requisite capacity to conduct it. We fear too many are coming who have barely sufficient means to reach their destination, depending for their future work to be obtained of strangers. This is not wise. Occasionally such a person will be successful and more lhan realize all his expectations ; but this is not the rule. If a man has means, he can afford to wait till he can find or make a business ; not so with the man who must win his bread and butter every day or go hungry. He may succeed and he may not. As a rule, a new country is a poor place for day labor. W hat is needed is the man who has capital to start some enterprise that can. give employment to labor. It may be some simple industry and require but a small investment, or it may be the exten sive factory ; there is room for it. W enumerate a few lines of industry in which there would be success, if capital and intelligence were comb'ned. 1. The growing of broom corn and the manufacture of brooms. 2. The production of poultry and eggs —fifty families could engage in this profit ably. 3. The manufacture of soap. This does not require large capital at first, as all the materials are here and can be purchased cheaply. We understand that the ashes of hard pine will answer. If so, thousands of wagon loads can be had for nothing. 4. The manufactura of wagons, for which there is an unlimited supply of the best timber at a nominal cost. 5. The manufacture of wooden ware from the gum trees. 6 The manufacture of cabinet furniture from the cheap and beautiful lumber of this region. 7. The growing and manufacture of to bacco. The best varieties of tobacco can be grown in unlimited quantities, from superb chewing to Connecticut wrappers. 8. The sheep industry—sheep will not only live, but do well the entire year, without any food but the natural grasses. Turnips are a wonderful crop in this region, and grow amazingly all winter. With a good turnip patch fat lambs can be placed in the market in May, at around price. Sheep are perfectly healthy and wonderfully prolific. Five thousand farm ers are needed for this industry. 9. The raising of good dairy cows and the manufacture of butter. As long as milk commands in all the cities of the south ten cents per quart, and butter an average of thirty-five to forty cents per pound, there is no danger of an over sup ply. One hundred farmers should engage ia this bnsiness the ensuing year, and be prepared to conduct winter dairying an other season. S weet potatoes make an ex cellent food for the dairy. dairy. 10. The fruit industry—fifty thousand people are wanted for this line of invest ment. Each family should possess a few thousands so as to purchase the land and plant tà» orchards and be able to wait for the product. Figs, peaches, pears, Eng glish walnuts and pecans are sure crops and very profitable. Canning factories will be established upon a large scale as soon as sufficient fruit is produced. This is the native land of the blackberry and strawberry. Thous ands of acres should be planted for can ning IftrggÜcäle, and put up neatly for the gen . _ 11. Garden sefidgjg'should be raised on a ' eral market. Nearly every one obtains his seed at present from the North. 12. Cucumbers, cauliflower, onions and tomatoes grow abundantly nearly the year round. Why not have a pickling estab lisment? It could continue active opera tions for nine months of thô' year in the factory and twelve months in the field. 13. The production of rice, corn and sweet potatoes as general farm crops are very profitable on account of the price they command in the market. Corn readily commands at all seasons of the year fifty cents per bushel. Rice now brings one dollar and fifty cents per bushel. Ten times as many sweet potatoes are needed as are now produced. They should be used extensively for cattle, horses and sheep. A large industry will eventually spring up in the desiccation of sweet po tatoes for the foreign market. We have enumerated items enough to show that there are abundance of profit able industries awaiting the intelligence, energy and capital of the immigrant ; and he must have all of these to succeed in any country. There are some people who have failed in every country they have tried. They are deficient in some element of human nature, and you cannot produce a crop w ithout a foundation germ, in brains any more than in soil, even though you bring to bear the fertile soil, the balmy atmosphere and the vitalizing sun of thii genial climate. We need men of force. We want energy at a hundred pounds pressure to the square inch. We must have concentrated force, sustained and di rected by sufficient capital. We have called attention to enough profitable in dustries to occupy one hundred thousand persons, but each requires some capital. Suppose a family brings nothing but labor, then the capital ready here must be taxed to provide a house and lot. and the employment necessary to feed and clothe that family. If, on the other hand, enough money is brought to build a house and a farm, labor now here is employed to do this work, and it affords relief to capital. It is ne t for us to dictate who shall come. All are welcome. The Ruston (Lincoln parish) Caligvaph says that a dozen residences could be . .. rented or sold in that town immediately if they were available. It says that the school at Ruston has given the impetus to this demand for residence property. The Experimental Farm has received from the nursery at Augusta, Ga., a large variety of apple trees, peaches, pears, plums, apricots, figs, persimmons, al monds, filberts and quinces, together with fifty-six varieties of grapes. to of a a Italianizing the Hive. Many persons having black bees are de sirous of Italianizing them. It is often difficult to find a black queen, as these bees do not cling to the comb like the Italians, but gather in clusters on the bot tom of it. Falling off, they creep up under the operator's clothing, and are a pest gen erally. I have taken out the frames of a black colony several times, and careful ob servation failed to find the queen. Once I brushed all the bees off the comb, and placed them in a clean hive ; then removed the hive from its former stand, the length of a sheet spread upon the ground, placing the hive with the comb upon its place, then drove the bees back to it with smoke. When the bees were apparently all back, I had not found the queen. On stretching out the sheet, a few bees were seen clus tered together, and poking among them I discovered her. Now, when I wish to re move a black queen, I brush off all the bees from the combs, place them in an empty hive and put in front of it a bee entrance guard. This is a piece of zinc having perforations large enough for worker bees, but not for drones and queens. I remove the old hive and put this pre pared one in its place. The queen to be introduced should be caged in one of the combs. The bees in the old hive are then poured down in front of it, and may be al lowed to enter at leisure. If they refuse to do this because their queen is with them, drive them with smoke, and when the workers are in, the drones and queen will be found on the outside, and may be de stroyed. In most cases, had the Italian queen been placed upon the comb, she would have been accepted after this driv ing operation, yet it is safer to cage her. At the end of 48 hours, if the bees have not released her, let her out ; if kept in longer they may build queen cells and re fuse to accept her. Some apiarists let a queen run into the top of a colony after dark, claiming it to be a safe plan. If an Italian queen is accepted, all right ; in 9G days the blacks will have all disappeared, and the hive will be full of golden-banded Italians. When honey is coming in freely, bees are on their good behavior, and ac cept strange queens more readily than when it is scarce. Once during an abun dance of apple bloom I brushed the bees from the combs, putting them into an empty hive, and seeing the black queen destroyed her. I then sprinkled the bees, together with the Italian queen, with sweetened water. The wet bees all entered the hive together and prospered. The driving and sprinkling gave the bees some thing else to think about than disputing over the acceptance of a strange queen. Exchange. Raise More Corn. Many of our southern farmers are loth to raise corn for the reason, as they claim, that the price does not justify it, as against cotton. To our mind it is not so much what a bushel of corn may be worth on the farm as what it may contribute, that is important. When converted into pork, beef or butter, its true value is seen and more readily appreciated. Besides, it is so wonderfully convenient on the farm, and is always saleable in the spring and early summer at good prices. In the conversion of corn into any concentrated or high priced products, manurial matter is left on the farm, instead of being carried away, when the corn is sold in its grain form. This, of itself, is a matter of no small consideration to the farmer. And withal, good friends, a well filled corn-crib means fat beef, bacon, poultry, and healthy, well Kept animals, plenty and prosperity at home, and milk, butter and good cheer at all times, within the family circle.— Rural and Workman. Umbrella China. This tree, sometimes called the Texas China, is becoming qui^jcommon all over the country, and is one of the prettiest, if not the prettiest, of all the trees we have. Like everything else whose origin is not known, there are all kinds of fables ac counting for its origin. Some say the berry from which it originated was found in the craw of a wild goose ; others that a Texan who had for a riding switch a twig of the common China, threw it down, and sticking into the ground small end fore most, took root and made the umbrella China ; and there are other stories of the " same This ChinaJ^jvaHafive of Syria. It was rrrougut "to Europe and is common along the shores of the Mediterranean sea. A gentleman from Texas, traveling in South ern Europe, brought home in his vest pocket a few seed and planted them. This, we suppose, is their first introduction into America, and hence by many they are sup posed to be of Texas origin. Just after the war, in 1866, Gov. Moore's family were returning to Louisiana from their exile in Texas, and on a farm belong ing to Mr. Cundiff, 20 miles east of Crock ett, were growing a number of umbrella Chinas. Tom Hayes and Bun, then child ren, gathered a lot of the berries to shoot from their popguns as they traveled homeward. After reaching home some of the berries were found in the bottom of the hack, and Tom Hayes planted them just outside of the hot house on Moreland. This, we be lieve, is the accidental introduction of this most beautiful tree into our parish.— Alex andria Town Talk. Capt. J. N. Pharr, one of the enterpris ing sugar planters on the Teche, has con tracted with Mr. George Pandely, of the Whitney Iron Works, to erect a diffusion battery on his Fairview plantation. He will use the three roller mill which he now has for drying the bagasse, which he will then use for fuel. Capt. Pharr is a man of enterprise and judgment. When he makes a move in the sugar interest, it may be set down as the correct one. The mere fact that Capt. Pharr has concluded to change his way of making sugar from the old to the new process gives confidence in the aew, and many planters will doubtless follow in his footsteps. The Acadia Sentinel urges the passage of a stock law for that parish. It says : We are in favor of a general law em bracing the entire parish, and compelling every man who desires to raise hogs to make preparations to raise them without detriment to his neighbor. About four years ago this subject was brought up in East Feliciana parish, a vote was taken and carried by a large ma jority in favor of a stock law. The parish of East Feliciana had been drawing largely on the noriirèrn markets for pork and bacon, so much so, that many remarks were made about t^er northern smoke houses"? While the subject was being warmly discussed one day the idea was advanced by some one that all the pork and bacon that came from the northern markets to feed the hungry souls in that parish came from parties in the great West, who raised their hogs in pastures enclosed for that purpose, and the people of that parish would continue to buy their meat until they discarded the long nose land-pike, and began the raising of hogs in pastures. Alexandria received on Christmas day a lot of watermelons, grown on a truck farm in the vicinity. Another evidence of the "surprises" afforded by the prolific and never -failing soil of our fair State. heaven hath peace. You ask me. dear, to sing a tender lay Yo!! ! M S ^ a " COme D0 3orrow and no lou w h to hare the glad sun shine all d^T" lou like not sullen clouds, nor falling rafn. \ou lone to hear the blithesom», happy birds Singing their roundelays from dawn to night lou wish to hear no harsh, no cruel words * \ ou only seek for what is pure and bright. What joy to see the crimson blossoms swell And not one wither, all the summer, throug What happiness 'twould b. for me to tell 3 sweetest 8tor ' '«^h th. stars t. you I fair, would grant thy wish, dear l 0T *0f mln - And tune my rustic Irr. to suit the strain I touch th. 8tr.nes._My touch Is not divine, And through the melody a sob of pain Lineers like twilight, at the s.t of the sun ■ And while I pray, the cold wind, hurry by All the sweet singing of the birds is do.e ' And shadows flit across the darkening sky. So into every life there Cometh pain. Else earth would-be.too sweet for mort tfiven ; And near to every heart, hath sorrow lain • 'Tis sorrow purifieth souls for Heave,a. ' As through a glass each one doth darkly see— \V e strive in vain to read the changeful ski At last the veil is drawn. Eternity I nfolds its mysteries to our wakening eyes. In Heaven shall be no sorrow and no pain • Its own grand song shall each heart sing ways ; ë Affection's purest j oy8 s U p reme shall reign And flowers Immortal bloom in endlesss' da. And kindred souls unfettered, shall, confessed In hallowed recognition meet and blend And weary hearts shall find a balm and rest In sweet repose and peaceful, without end. Ah, who can sing a sweeter song than this» What soul diviner harmonies can know V Than promise of supreme and hallowed bliss In that fair land, to which earth's trayel K°- > Laura .-1. Gaigt, in Woman's Jour% Mother, Home and Heaven. Mother, home and heaven, says a wri are three of the most beautiful'word the l-.nglish language. And, truly, I th that they mp.y well be called so. Wfc word strikes so forcibly upon the heart mother? Coming from childhood's sunn lips, it has a peculiar charm, for it speak ol one to whom they look and trust fo protection. , » A mother is the truest friend we hav « hen trials heavy and sudden fall upo us ; when adversity takes the place of pre perity ; when friends, who rejoiced wi us in our sunshine, desert us; when troubl thicken around us, still will she clin to us, and endeavor by her kind precep and counsels to dissipate the clouds o darkness and cause peace to return to o hearts. The kind voice of a mother has ofte been the means of reclaiming an erring on from the path of wickedness to a life o happiness and prosperity. The lonely convict, immured in h dreary cell, thinks of the innocent days of his childhood, and feels that though other friends forsake him, he has still a guardian angel watching over him, and that how ever dark his sins may have been, they have all been forgiven and forgotten by her. Mother is indeed a sweet name, and her station is indeed a holy one, for in her hands are placed minds to be moulded al most at her will—aye, fitted to shine, no much, it is true, on earth, compared, taught aright, with the dazzling spie® which awaits them in heaven. Home ! How often we hear person speak of the home of their childhood! 1 heir minds seem to delight in dw^* upon the recollections of joyous days s beneath the parental roof, when th young and happy hearts were as light an free as the birds who made the woods re sound wvjh the mriody of their cheerful voices. What, a blessing it is, when weary with care and burdened with sorrow, to have a home to which we can go, and there, in the midst of friends we love, for get our troubles and dwell in peace and quietness. Heaven ! that land of qu./. rest toward which those who, worn down and tired with the toils of earth, direct their frail barks over the troubled waters of life, an * after a long and dangerous passage find i safe in the haven of eternal bliss is the home^' cilai. awaits us beyond t awaits us beyond grave. There the friendships formed o earth, and which cruel death has severed are never more to be broken ; and friends shall meet again, never more to separated. It is an inspiring hope that when separate here on earth at the summons death's angel, and when a few more yea have rolled over the heads of those maining, if "faithful unto death," shall meet again in heaven, our etem home, there to dwell in the presence our heavenly Father, to go no more o forever. „ There are three words that sweetly blend, That on the heart are graven ; A precious, soothing balm they lend— They're mother, home and heaven. They twine a wreath of beauteous flowers. Which, placed on memory's urn, ^ Will e'en the longest, gloomiest hours**" * To golden sunlight turn ! They form a chain whose^very link é Is free from base alloy ; A stream where whosoever drinks Will find refreshing joy 1 They build an altar where each day Love's offering is renewed ; And peace illumes with genial ray Life's darkened solitude 1 If from our side the first has fled, And home be but a name, Let's strive the narrow path to tread, That we the last may gain ! —Mary J. Mucklt. WORDS OF WISDOM. shoes may Who waits for dead men's have to go barefoot. Honesty is best policy, but policy not always best honesty. Balances on the credit side of the ledger always looks the best. Better to begin the world without dime than end it without a dollar. The man who lays his hand to the plow and doesn't look back is doubly blessed. No consciousness of rectitude will en tirely take away the sting of being cruelly misjudged. Every man is society's debtor, not creditor. Will our anarchial friends^OW bear that in mind ? As water runs down from the swelling hills and flows together in the lowly vale, so grace flows not but into humble hearts. The leaders in the coming conflict, thos who will be crowned when the victory gained, are not to-day sitting astraddle o fences. Let not him who prays suffer his tongu to outstrip his heart ; nor presume carry a message to the throne of gr while that stays behind. J It is impossible to make people under stand their ignorance ; for it requir knowledge to perceive it ; and, therefo he that can perceive it hath it. He who, in advance of the world, gr«»/ a truth is a seer who shows others hoir k see He carries a torch that dispels - ness which a thousand suns could dispel. ^ ^ Lafourche parish, among its agricul excellences, is capable of producing crops of grapes in one season. This do ling of crops, by the way, is one of t features of the soil of Louisiana.