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WINCOPIPE. Of all the flowers, adoration First is given to the rose ; The lily wins just admiration For the regal wealth It shows ; For me, I hold my commendation For a little flower that grows Unpretentiously— Of a simple, modest type Sweet ci-imson ray, It bodes fair day, The wincopipe. Some hearts are held in subjugation By the smiles a belie bestows ; The Jay will pipe to blue relation, Praise will spring where glamor glows. For me, I hold my adoration For a little maid that knows, TJ npretentiously. Bright co-aid, a promise ripe— Dear winsome Fay, She bodes fair day. My wincopipe. —6. W. WHO WOULD BE A DKl'NKAKD ? He who would be a drunkard, must begin With jast one glass and not another drop ; Sip sparingly as if he knew 'twere sin To deeply drink, not knowing when to stop. He finds himself o'erwlielmed with grief and care. Thinks that a single glass will do him good ; 'Twill cheer him, give him courage for to bear The ills of life with Christian fortitude. ' The first step in the art of drinking taken, The second Is much easily ; is it not ) A sober resolution may be shaken, A single glass may make the future sot. He who would be drunkard, let him stifle The still small voice of conscience while he sups. Think that a mother's love is but a trifle. Forget a father's precepts in his moderate caps. The final stage is reached ; Remorse, Despair ! His downward course at last has found its goal ; The youth whose prospects once looked bright and fair— A shipwrecked body and a ruined soul. —Malcolm B. Bimie. REGINALD; OR A FISHERMAN'S LÜ0K. A Curious Tale of Adventure is Southwest Louisiana, the Gulp or Mexico and the North. BY JUNIUS L. HEMPSTEAD. Bordering- upon the Gulf of Mexico, upon th« Southwestern coast of Louisiana, near one of the passes that opened up the Calcasieu River, there, stood a roughly built cabin upon the left embankment, that jutted boldly to the east. One could hardly imagine that life would be enjoy able in such a secluded wild, for the large sand bars stretched seaward in the most desolute manner; but the harmonious blending of woods, water, and sky, soften ed the glaring contrast, but did not add to the cheerfulness. The cabin was above flood tide, perched upon a tall escarpment, that overlooked the gulf, almost concealed by the trunks of the huge trees, whose spreading roots twined around each other with .fantastic shapes wherever the soil had washed into the pass. A solitary fig ure stood motionless, leaning against the rock chimney t<^ gaze far ov^-the gulf, lost to the world and lost to himself, as his thoughts wandered wildly over the infinite space by which he was surrounded. His keen eyes were fixed upon the sluggish turtles, as they deposited their white round eggs in the sand, bat not of these , were'his thoughts. With an impatient jerk he straightened himself and muttered as he moved away. "Hey-ho! who would have thought it, the sun is two hour3 high, I will never catch fish by stupidly gazing at them." He climed down the well beaten path, and had hardly reached the bottom ere his memory pricked with some omission, for he ascended to. reach the stout door. "Griselda, I came very near forgetting my send off, and you may be sure I will be forgetting it now." He bent the charming face backwards y ,and imprinted a soft kiss upon the pouting ^f.'ps "Ah! Reginald, we have been married many years, yet you do not forget to kiss me, Griselda, your wife, just as you did when we stood at the altar, while every 1 one pitied you. because you would so soon be a widower." "They would not think so now Griselda, your cheeks are rosier than Mamie Ptny ston-s, who was a picture of health. Poor girl, she is in her grave, and you, my wife, are spared to raise this little brood." "Reginald,you should have married Ma mie, you would have fallen heir to thous ands." . "And you would now be sleeping, alas, forever, no, no, better as it is, I have as much as I ever had, and that is nothing." "Are vou as happy, Reginald? Some times I think that I have been the means of burying you in this gloomy woods." "Burying me,Griselda, impossible, these ! grand old pines, that echo every whisper from off the gulf; these cypress jungles, festooned with Spanish moss; these giant roots that fantastically disport their ex posed, twisted arms; the little cot that has sheltered us these many years. I would not exchange them for a palace." "Bless you, my husband, for the words, they are sweeter to me than the perfumed breath of Arabia." "But I must begone." "Kiss me, papa." Edlin bent her childish head backwards, while her long lashes swept her cheeks, he bent over to kiss the rose-bud lips, and press the beautiful face between his rough weatherbeaten hands, climbed down the path, shouldered his net, shoved the boat into the middle of the stream, hoisted his sail, and was shimming like a swallow over the-icrested waves ; while his wife gazed long and fixedly at the shell that held her all. "Poor Reginald, he did cot think that I observed him, as lie stood in the shadow of the chimney, until two whole urs had slipt by, I would give the earth to know what he was thinking about, poor fellow, I know he misses the bright world, for it was his idol." Ste went to the trunk that was the only connecting link that bound them to the gay and festive scenes of years ago. The smell of camphor came like incense from the altar of mammon, as she lifted, piece by piece, the well preserved clothing that had gone out and in fashion, a dozen times. Little faded bouquets, bits of ribbon, a glove, all mementoes of some little flirtation that rolled back the curtain of the past. " Whv should I disturb these sleeping years, lam becoming morbid, and yet I owe my life to the salubrious climate of Louisiana, I shall never forget how weak I was, I would fill these surely decaying lungs, to slowly exhale and count only eight, now I can count thirty, it is the pines, it is the pine forests." She closed the trunk with a snap, while she sang a merry little song, as she scrubbed the tins until they shone like silver. The little bark was bounding home ward just as the great fiery sun was passing from sight behind the giant pines, to fill the matted aisles of the dense woods with golden beams that played peep with every seadow. Reginald secured his boat, stretched out his net to dry, and scrambled up the twist ed path to kiss the little mouths that seemed to grow sweeter and dearer every year. What willing little hands to help him off with his rough pea-jacket and heavy can vas hat. He glanced down at the happy little faces, that were radiant with joy and health, as he removed the heavy boots, while busy fingers placed his house slip pers convenient. "Can money buy such happiness, or can it replace the lost heaven on earth, never, never, fool, to waste time in such dreams, such silly dreams, fah ! I despise myself for displaying so much weakness. Where is Beulah F., wife? it is time she was at home, for the sun is quite down. Oh ! here she comes now." Slowly, very slowly, a beautiful girl soothing and coaxing an old man who was bent with age, his iron frame had defied the killing frost of time for nearly ninety years, how patiently she humored every childish whim. "Come Uncle Paulinus you only want me to coax you home, you see the night will soon be here." "Ah ! Beulah, the sun is just rising, but the black clouds won't let it shine, and oh ! Beulah how fast the storm is brewing, from a little cloud no larger than your head. Avast there lads, to the ratlines, like monkeys ! In with fore, main and mizzen sky sails !'' "Yes Uncle Paul, they are all in closely reefed, as you ordered." "Beulah, she will be thrown upon her beams end and ship some heavy seas. Hush? listen ! that's Ned on the forecastle, when he whistles look out for breakers ahead, never knew it to fail." » "But, Uncle Paul, the good ship is in port and every sail reefed. We hove ahead of the breakers that time." '•Are we, my child? So we are, if you say so ; but, Beulah, don't you hear Ned on the forecastle ?" The old man lived with the family. He was a half witted, harmless human that, they found in an old cabin in the heart of the great gloomy forest. How loDg he had been living there, no cne could ever tell. Busy rumor said that he was one of the piratical band of Lafitte. His mind was gone, as well as the greater part of his face. Three ugly cutlass gashes did not add to the beauty of his weathered features, that had received many a hard knock. He was useful to the little family, for he cleaned the fish and performed other little household duties, while Beulah was his idol. She had cared for him since she was a little child. Beulah F. advanced to her father with that winning grace that crowns sweet six teen with all the airs of a princess, and drew his head down to kiss his cheek a dozen times. "Well, papa, what luck today? Did you make a good haul so that you can buy me that- dress and ribbon ? You know the Copildikes are going to winter at the man sion, and have a house full of invited guests. It will be quite gav, and I am so glad, for I have been terribly lonesome, wandering through the woods. I went to the island to overhaul the mansion, let in some sunshine. The orange grove is in capital condition, just in the fix for the visitors to rave about. 1 put the men to work clearing the hedges and walks The family will arrive in a week." "Beulah F., you shall have the dress. I will run into Lake Charles with a load of fish to morrow. Have your list ready, for 1 will be out apd gone before you are up." Night had hfuhen the fisherman's cot tage in the double gloom of the old forest, but inside all was cheer and comfort. The fire crackled and sputtered in a noisy way ; Griselda was darning some little stockings, seated upon one side of the table ; Beulah was studying her lessons ; Uncle Paul was sound asleep upon his little pallet in one corner of the room ; the children were all in bed, while Reginald was thoughtfully gazing into the bright fire, as if his life depended upon the amount of thought he could extract from its depths. "Griselda, I am sorry the Copildikes are coming, they always make me feel so cheaply by the airs and style they put on. I know what you are going to say, but I hate their patronizing way. It is all very nice and polite, but I tell you it cuts all the tame. There is the old lady with her breakfast caps, which hide a bald spot on the top of her head, and all of the gray lairs besides, with her gold eye glasses. It just kills me, the stunning way she sizes you up. I feel like laughing' in her face; and then she elevates her hair split ting nose skywards, as if the odor of fish extended to the stars, and she was trying to use the star clusters for a gold embroid ered handkerchief." "Papa, they have been ever so kind to . We have had the use of their library, no one could have enjoyed it more than you have. They never forget us when they give those handsome entertainments. You are too hard on them, my father." "May be I am, Beulah, may be I am, but I am going to lay in a good store of bay rum and cologne. I hate to see the old lady's nose wander among the stars. I will send for a fashion plate to see which one of my suits is the prevailing. She must give me a week's notice, so that I can get the camphor smell out of my suit. I don't want to enter the parlors to remind them of an antiquated back number of a clothes press, or a cholera epidemic." You know, papa, you are only too glad to go, I have seen you ; it is like draw ing a tooth to get you there and like draw ing ten to get you away." The fisherman's wife darned in silence. Somehow, she felt that their coming would bring the world into his heart, only to make him more discontented with his lot. She had been very happy in their little out of the way corner of the State, for it had raised her from the grave. They had all been happy. Poverty never pinched, because their wants were few, and enough is as good, as a feast. "Mamma, what do you say? Don't you think papa should make himself as agree able as possible? And he can be so enter taining when he wants to. Besides, I have no one else to escort me. I wish I had a big brother, but I have not, and that's the end of it." The charming face was nestled upon the fisherman's broad breast, to plead her cause with a winning grace that was irre sistible. He smoothed back the curls from her forehead, and thoughtfully kissed her brow as he gazed into her glowing, eager face with a look of unut terable love. tfl ' Beulah F., you little witch, you always win, how can I refuse you, while you creep into my hé\rt with all your childish grace, besides you have little p%asure in this lonesome spot, and if I can be the means of contributing to your happiness, command me." "Papa, that is so sweet of you, I knew that you could not refuse me." The controversy was ended, the whole thing was arranged and plans adopted, the good-night kiss, and darkness settled upon the little home. The morning sun found the fisherman seated at the tiller, with his sail well in hand, and a smile upon his face, cleaving the quiet waters that washed the harbor of Lake Charles, his choice fish were soon disposed of, and then the little birds in the nest were all to be remembered. He stood in harbor to watch the busy sails of commerce, as they flashed across the water, going and coming. The whir of the great sawmills, the floating rafts of logs. The piles of lumber that were being stowed upon vessels. The busy streets. It was like the breath of a new life. Re luctantly he moved to the boat. * "Hello, Regie, you are quite a stranger in these parts, man alive, where have you been keeping yourself." "Well, Alf,"l am glad to see you. what have you been doing with yourself, you look the worse for wear." "Faix, Regie, my boy, that's not much of a compliment for me ; as for yourself, you look younger every day." "Because I take care of myself, Alf, you are running the human machine at too great a speed, my boy." They strolled" a dozen yards to seat themselves upon the bank, where they were joined by a half a dozen more fisher men. They had hardly seated themselves when the bottle was handed, when it reached Reginald he passed it to the next. "Take a dram, Regie, it will make your blood circulate, choke out the dampness, besides it's not a fair shake to the rest of us." "1 never drink a drop, boys, not that I wish to be ill mannered, either." "You are a prohibitionist, then?" "No, I am nothing of the kind—listen, boys, do you hear those noisy engines that are driving the saws, did you ever stop to think how a steam engine works. The two long boilers are hatf filled with water, vou build a fire in the furnace that is beneath, the steam generates motion as it leaves the boilers to find its way into the steam chest, which contai 11 s a sliding valve that moves backward and forward, to open and close a hole at each end ; this sliding valve is moved by the eccentric that kee(.s one hole covered at a time beneath the steam chest, the cylinder is placed, and, in this cylinder, the piston rod woiks, which has a head something like the plunger of a syringe that fits lightly. Now, take your syringe with the plunger in, and bore a hole at each end. The steam that comes from the steam chest enters the hole near the nozzle end forces the plunger to the other end ; while the steam that is behind the plunger escapes through a pipe into the open air. The forward hole is closed and the rear one receives the charge of steam to force the plunger to the other end, and so it moves backward and forward to fill the bu?y earth with wealth. The little crowd had drawn closer to the speaker, as he continued : Boys, if I should till you that there wa"3 little difference between a steam engine and a man's body you would be in credulous, but such is the case. A man's mouth is the door of the furnace, you fill it Avith fc#d, which you chew thoroughly, for food well chewed is half digested, you roll the mass around your tongue until it is well mixed with saliva. This food you are chewing is the wood and coal of your human engine, when it is well masticated 1 you swallow it, when it is down, the inner j coating of the stomach takes hold of it, in I much the same manner that a snake ! crushes its prey, churns it all up to mix it j with the gastric juice, which is secreted! by the inner coating of the stomach, when j the stomach has dissolved the food and j chsnged the starchy part into sugar, the I dissolved substance meets the pancreatic I fluid, which acts upon the fatty parts and ; softens them, then it travels to meet the ] bile which the liver generates, and is I further acted upon until it becomes a ' milky fluid called chyme, which is ab- | sorbed into the human body to form blood. I This blood is the steam that runs the ma- j chinery. The heart, or pump of our en j gine is as large as your fist, and has four j rooms, or chambers, two upper and two ! lower. Let us gaze into the human body j an d watch this steam as' it flows along the j pipes called arteries and veins, we will j launch our little boat into the current that ! flows through the veins to the upper right, j hand room, or right auricle that leceives j the dark cloud that has been scorched by j the fires of oxidation and filled with all j the impurities of the body, from this upper ! right hand room it flows to the chamber j directly beneath, or right ventricle. The folding doors or valves between the two rooms open downward, as soon as the lower room is filled, the folding doors close, and this lower room full is C/ced by contraction into a big steam pipe called the pulmonary artery, where it* is con veyed to the lungs, which consist of 60, 000,000 air cells that spread it out so that the atmosphere we inhale can act upoo it, from here it is gathered to flow into four pulmonary veins that take it to the left hand upper room, or left auricle, when this room is fall, a pair of folding doors open downward to empty it into the room beneath, the doors are closed between the upper and lower rooms, and the lower chamber, by contraction, forces it into the aorta or pipe that connects it with the ar teries, which carry the purified blood to every part of the body. The protoplasmic cells are the workmen in this vast factory, and are eternally upon the watch for the arterial blood to appropriate the material for the purpose of building up muscle, flesh, nerves and bone, and like economical workers they cast the refuse into the river that sweeps by,'&hich is the darker blood of the veins that carries all of the impuri ties to the lungs, which are the escape pipes of our steam engine, fortüe carbonic seid gas that we exhale at every breath is the wasted steam. The pores of the skin are the safety valves, that discharge the surplus heat. Let us look more closely at the blood, we will place a drop upon the stage of a microscope and run the magni fying power up to 250 diameters, the blood is gone, and, in its place, we have what resemble rolls upon rolls of coin, stacked in endless rows, 120,000,000 of these little coins make one cubic inch. (To be Continued.) "Saviour" is a beautiful word. It is a pearl among words, so pure and fresh and brilliant. It is like a pure white flower covered with dew-droDS sparkling in the morning sunlight, and sending out afar the most delicate and precious fragrance. The river of God is full of water, but there is not one drop of it that takes its rise in earthly springs. God will have no strength used in his own battles but the strength which he himself imparts ; and I would not have you. that are now dis tressed, in the lea=t dis ouraged by it. Your emptiness is but the preparation for your being filled ; and your casting down is but the making ready for your lifting up.— Spurgeon. In Newport, Kentucky, the town is on the warpath against faro gamblers. Recently Charles Depaglia, Elias Blowers and D. S. Martin forfeited a bond of_$500 each rather than appear in court. It is stated that bench warrants were issued for them forthwith and their bonds were made $2000 each. An absent witness was treated in the same manner. This healthy state of affairs is being brought about in many sections. We mt«t have individuality of Learing as well aslndividuality of preaching. The true hearer is the man who supposes him self to be the only listener in all the country—who is so absorbed in spiritual earnestness and attention that he hears every word as if spoken to himself alone —a ine3 age just delivered from the grett father to the one wandering child.— Re ligions Ilerald. How often in the chequered experiences of life does there come to the disciplined^ soul the need of patience. "Ye have need of patience," is another inspired teaching, "need cf patience that after ye have done the will of God, ye may inherit the prom ises." To Christian completeness or per fection," there must be added this as an essential prerequisite. No character is, or can be, perfect without this adorning. The beautiful sisterhood of the graces is marred wherever a divine patience st wanting.— Watchman. "Cain Where is Thy Brother?" j Feuds and strifes and principles often ! times sway the human nature. When j man's intensity is aroused his nobler attri- j butes are liable to suffer. But the eternal S feeling of brotherhood, the tie that can j not be broken, though it is sometimes bent ! will awaken with a renewed strength and j quicken his soul to nobler action. When bondage was introduced into our j land it laid its curse upon our people. ! "Our fathers sinned and we have borne j their iniquities." A curse, dark as African | skin, was bought by our people when they j parchf sed thos e twenty negrc e But they j purchased them, and the American colo nies held slaves. When they became : States they held them still. They were held 'till the sword opened a sea of blood j that washed away their chains. It was ! human beings that fought to enslave j them, and human beings that fought to ; free them. Our sky was rent with a cry for freedom, and it was answered. Now comes a cry from man to man. The con federate soldier asks for a home. A faint ing brother asks for help. Help to rest aud reSt the old tenament of clay till his spirit shall bloom into a betts-r world. It is only for a little while. The smoke of war has died away, the dust of the soldier will some day be seen no more. In heaven there will be no union and no confederate, no sick and suffering .«oldiers there will seek homes. Among the millions and myriads that have passed before, that strife will be as naught. But should our brother die while we have power to save him, or suffer when we can assuage bis pain, will not a voice haunt us through all eternity, saving. "Cain where is thy brother ?" It may be well that we build great mon uments to the memory of our heroes. Bat time will crumble them between her mighty fingers. The things of this t arth will, no doubt, some day he no more, but the soul of man is eternal. In the call for a confederate soldier's home a needy voice is heaid, but in that for a tall white monument, only the vanity of a people whose ears are dumb at the cries of a suffering world. If the memory of the dead be sscred it will live in the minds of men, but the aching, suffering body will die without material aid. marble slabs, the gray stone vaults that have cost their millions have never fed or clothed a hungry child, or healed a suffer icg man ; they have never made a soul purer or better fitted for heaven. They have net lifted one fallen being, they have only satisfied vanity. Give us homes for the soldier, for the orphan, for the out-cast, for the poor and needy of earth's children, and the scum of our world will begin to disappear "Thou art thy brother's keeper-" Lillie Binhley , Atchison, Kan. ; I : ! o The Young Chickens. hen can get off and breaking the eggs. I now a successful poultry- t! aisee feeds and takes care of them. My hens for a grass run have an orchard of several acres. Grass and a iree range are essential in making eggs fertile and getting strong chicks. When I set my hens, I use a cheefe box, cutting it so the on easily without whitewash it inside and out and use stra» well broken, for nests. After placing the eggs in the nest, T put some sulphur on them and when it is dark place the hen on the nest, and give her whole corn and water in her coop. I part off all my setters so that they can not get on one another's nests. At the end of nine days I look at the eggs, and take out those not fertile. When they begin to hatch I do not disturb the chicks for twenty-four hours. It is better to let them alone, as they are stronger for it. If stormy, I do not put them out of doors for the first few days. The first week I feed them hard boiled eggs, bread and crackers soaked in milk, and all the milk they can drink, and feed them often. It is a great deal of work, but it pays to do it. The second week I give them corn meal well cooked, so that it will crumble when 1 feed it. Also some egg and bread soaked in milk, fine cracked corn and wheat. After that I give all the meal, corn and wheat that they want. Eggs will start chickens to growing- quicker than any thing that I know of. Out of 95 1 did not lose but three on this diet. 1 use a barrel with Aboard fitted into it for a coop. This is about 14 inches wide in the widest part of the barrel. Leave it back about 2* in ches from the front of the barrel to give the chicks a chance to step up from the edge of the barrel to the board which is about 1} inches high. I put a small yard in front of the barrel, to give the hen a chance to come out, and keep the chick ens in on a rainy day by putting up boards around the yard with driven stakes. The yard is made of lath or narrow strips feet long, 18 inches high and 20 inches wide. I put the lath 2£ inches apart on the vertical. I cover rubber blankets over the coop and yard on rainy days, and whitewash the barrel once a week. This keeps off lice and makes it sweet. After the hen weans the chicks, I change them to the house that I keep them in during the winter, but give them pleanty of air and sand on the floor. While in the small coops I leave about two inches at the top of the board that covers them at night between the yard and barrel for ventilation.— M. F. Kelsey, in Farm and Home. The Soldier's Prayer. It was the evening after a great battle. Among the many who bowed to the con queror, Death, that night was a youth in the first freshness of mature life. The strong limbs lay listless, and the dark hair was matted with gore on the pale, broad forehead. His eyes were closed. As one who ministered to the sufferer bent over him, he at first thought him dead ; but the white lips moved, and slowly in weak tones he repeated : "Now I lay me down to sleep, I pray the Lord my soul to keep ; If I should die before I wake. I pray the Lord my soul to take ; And this I ask for Jesus' sake." As he finished, he opened his eyes, and meeting the pitying gaze of a brother sol dier, he exclaimed : "My mother taught me that when I was a little boy, aad I have said it every night since I can remem ber. Before the morning dawns, I believe God will take my soul for Jesus' sake ; but before I die I want to send a message to my mother." He was carried to a temporary hospital, and a letter was written to his mother, that he dictated, full of Christian faith and filial love. Just as the sun arose, his spirit went home, his last articulate words being : » "I pray the Lord my soul to take ; An,d this I ask for Jesus' sake," So died William B . The prayer of childhood was the prayer of manhood. He learned it at his mother's knee in his in fancy, and he whispered it in dying, when his manly life ebbed away on a distant battle field. God bless the saintly words alike loved and repeated by high and low, rich and poor, wise and ignorant, old and young. Happy the soul that can repeat it with the holy fervour of the dying sol dier.— Dr. E. Bonar. LOUISIANA. F3UR YEARS AGO AND NOW. tu e soil—products MENT8 -CLIMATE -ETC. The following extracts are taken from tl e Louisiana Immigration Bulletin, edited by T. W. Poole, Commissioner of Immi gration for the State of Louisiana: The Louisiana of to-day is a very differ ent State from Louisiana of four, or even two years ago, with respect to immigra tion. Within the former period, an area in her southwestern border, a belt fifty tu i 1 es long by twenty or more broad, has been utterly transfigured by such a notable i'j, migration from the west; that it is the Host distinctively Anglo-Saxon migration •iVer known to the South since the settle ment of Jamestown Va., in the early his tory of our civilization of this continent. The character or quality of this immigra tion is, beyond praise, viewed as a mass, it, blends instantly in fraternal coherence -.vith our people in enduring homogeneity. Its people are law-abiding, intelligent, thrilty, industrious, in large proportion well-to-do (in not a few cases wealthy),and thoroughly in accord with the spirit of American liberty. In almost every in stance they pay cash for the land they purchase. In the cases where the earlier settlers of more moderate means have pur chased or taken homesteads, the great in crease in value of their holdings has placed them with few exceptions, in a po sition of competency, so that, as a body, they constitute sucli an aggregation of land-owners, free from indebtedness that no part of the United States furnishes a parallel to. Only a few years ago was felt the first impress of this progress that has now so deeply and durably engraven its fair fea tures uDon Louisiana. persons and papers. Mr. S. L. Carey, formerly of Man chester, Iowa, was induced to lo cate in Calcasieu parish through the im port unity of Commissioner Harris. With h patience, sagacity, industry and man agement truly remarkable, this pioneer •t-r, to work to populate the area then un it do to the foot of the western immi grant." He secured some land, prevailed on his kindred to settle from the West ; laid off the town of Jennings, and soon had a nucleus of western men. And Mr. A D. McFarlain, a native, w ^ a coworker mid joint-o wner of this little later, Mr. J. B. Watkfes -secured an im mense area—a million p. half acres or more, and soon laid i-au^yindation of those prodigious and el*.ens '•« plans of development, and immigratioii^yopa^antZa which soon afterwards characterized his efforts, and which are still in force. Early in the year 1886, the Times-Demo crat, one of the leading papers of the South, a journal of great authority, of New Orleans, Louisiana, secured the services of Col. M. B. Hillyard. This gentleman traveled over much of South west Louisiana, and wrote many letters about that area. Iiis letters were widely republished in the West, and were reproduced in a num- I ber of journals in England. These letters ! contributed much to the development of j Southwest Louisiana, as is generally con- ! ceded by the people of this State, and the j country at large. Shortly after Col Hillyard's work in the Times-Democrat, Mr. J. B. Watkins began | to print The American at Lake Charles, La., and to commence that large and lib eral system of development of his lands, and advertising them. The whole adjacent country felt the influence of these costly endeavors, and Lake Charles felt, particu larly, the work, which is written in a pro gress of larger character than any town in Southwest Louisiana, or, perhaps, the State. As an assistant in this work, he had Professor S. A. Knapp, formerly pres dent of the Iowa Agricultural College, who by tongue and pen ami many phases of public action and marked identification with industrial affairs, has, in a brief so journ in Louisiana, made a reputation here second only to that of the great distinction he achieved in Iowa. The other great assistant of Mr. Watkins was Professor A. Thomson, formerly of Iowa, and a brother in law of this gentleman (a civil engineer) has had the practical oversight and execu tion of many schemes of Mr. Watkins and his own, and some in connection with Pro fessor Knapp in their own interests. A steady and liberal co-worker in the development of Southwest Louisiana has been the Southern Pacific Railroad. The country so greatly developed, of which we have been speaking, is situated on their line. They have devised schemes to foster immigration, having as Northern immigration agent Mr. S. L. Cary ; and besides special rates for immigrants at all times, run for the winter and late autumn and early spring, semi monthly excursions in conjunction with the Illinois Central Railroad, at very low rates, with Mr. Cary accompanying them as guide. The earlier work of commending Lou isiana to the public had great help from a pamphlet from the pen of Col. Dan'l. Den net aforesaid,entitled "Louisiana As It Is." This work was issued about the year 1875, and was chiefly devoted to the "Attakapas" parishes of Southwest Louisiana. It is a noble work, and rather con amore, by one thoroughly conversant with the topic. No greater praises can be accorded it, than to say that the United States Government has adopted much of its subject matter in a pamphlet issued by the United States De partment of Agriculture, entitled "The Soils and Products of Southwestern Louis iana." lu this pamphlet, Col. Dennet's work is thus alluded to: "The most accu rate information in reference to the loca tion and distances of the towns, rivers, lakes, bayous and railroads, is found in Dennett's description of Southwestern Louisiana." VEGETABLES. And as to vegetables and melons, where can those raised here be surpassed ? The nut-bearing trees are worthy of a chapter. The flowers are beyond our pen, and "beggar praise." LIVE STOCK AND GRASSES. The topics of live stock and grasses de serve far more consideration than we can accord them. Some of the most distin guished thoroughbred horses the world has ever known, have been born and raised within the borders of this state. Mule raising, which has been only the vogue of late, has received a great impetus within a few years, and this business has amply demonstrated the superior quality of the home-bred and home-raised mules. Long ago cattle raising was a marked feature of the State's adaptation to the business. In few States of this Union was there a broader pastorial life. Millions of acres of her prairies was a cattle range. Thousands of men lived on the industry of cattle-raising. The abundant streams; the rainfall, so evenly distributed throughout the year; the abundant dews; ,the mild cli mate,thewonderful abundance and richness of native grasses, the fact that these sup ported cattle all winter, made cattle-raising the easiest and most successful of all voca tions. They were never fed, never housed, and only saw their owners at branding times, or when wanted for slaughter or deportation. Immigration has greatly nar rowed the range; but soil, climate, rainfall and streams, sunshine and dews still abide. And now is dawning the era of improved stock. Herds of Holsteins, Jerseys, Short Horns, Polled Angus and other thorough breds and registered breeds have got a last ing foothold. Soon the creameries will dot our towns, and dairying will be inaug urated on a broad scale. Thet will come in, broadly, the cultivated grasses. Red clover, Timothy, Red Top, Orchard grass, Kentucky Blue Grass, Meadow Fescue, White Clover, etc., etc. Every one of these grasses have been tried (as has Al salfa),and all those and others are a suc cess. Let no one fear about these. Sow in October from 15th to 30th, and success will be certain. We ought to commend our Lespedcza striata (Japan clover) Ber muda grass, and, the various paspalums (carpet grass), as wonderful summer grasses ; but space forbids. Suffice it to say, that with proper management by com bining the summer and winter grasses (all the former we rank as winter grasses), pas ture of the most luxuriant and nutritious character can be had the year round. Hay making from carpet grass has become a pronounced industry among the immi grants in Southwest Louisiana. We ex pect to see Timothy hay exported from New Orleans to New York by sea, in laige quantities, within the next ten years, the product of Louisiana's soil. We ought not to forget what a large business is horse-raising in Southwest Louisiana, the famous "Attakapas," living on grass the year round and_,with a health fulness and bottom having no rival in the country. Sheep and hogs do superbly. The reasons are easily explicable. In grass they have the most healthful of foods almost the year round; and, if the cultivated grasses, here tofore mentioned be seeded, pasture can be had the year round. " In the forests there is a great variety of "mast." many varieties of the hickory-nut, the pecan, many varieties of the oak, beech, etc. Then hogs find a great nlany worms and other food, and have the exercise of unlimited range. The breeds that are an undoubted success, are Poland China, Berkshire, Es sex and Jersey lied or Duroc. Of course the "natives" are included. Some of them grow to good size, and they are very hardy. The Guinea, too, may be included. Sheep are very healthful, and even in the parishes where the country, being gen erally very level, would seem to be against them, because, to the superficial observer, not giving them a dry enongh "foot," great success has attended the industry. The animal is very fecund in Louisiana, sev entv-five per cent increase per annum be ing an estimate within bounds. Their wool is even-fibred, and is in demand. In much of the area it is not "burrv." Owing to their healthfuluess, twins are common, and sometimes triplets are born. Not being subject to the many diseases incident to the transition from green food to dry in winter, and from dry to green food in spring, and other complaints of a rigorous climate, but having green food (herbiver ous sustenance) all the year here, they have almost no diseases. "Scab" we be lieve is unknown and foot-rot rare. The only thing that may be accounted an enemy is the ubiquitous cur, and this will be a declining impediment, as the years roll by, and in'parts of the State is an insignificant obstacle. Before passing from the topic of live stock, we ought not to fail to impress the fact that young mules and horses incur no set-back or "stunt" here, but grow right on through winter. Another most striking fact is that both these animals, owing to the mildness of our climate, are remarka bly free from troubles of the throat and lungs. And mules seldom have the "big jaw." grasses. The most unobservant traveler, in the richer lands of Louisiana, must surely have noticed how wonder fully white clover thrives there. It lasts, much if not all the year, but is at its best from December to J une. In the lati tude of New Orleans, it is sometimes in bloom by the middle of January, and in our richest lands frequently attains the height of fifteen to eighteen inches. Red clover has been tried at many points in the State. In some parts it is growing in profusion, for miles along headrows, and near the tracks of railroads. Timothy is another grass that has been more or less sown, and that demonstrates its adaptation to our soil and climate. Kentucky Blue grass Ls beginning to make its way (one knows not how) and scarcely can a locality be found where more or less of it cannot be seen. The fewwho lU have seeded it, we think, are satisfied V t ; ih it, and in combination with Bermuda gr&es, it will, in a few years, be the favorite with the intelligent stock raiser for perpetual evergreen pasture. The Bermuda is the most nutritious of all grasses, is never killed, and rarely in jured by any drought; will support a greater number of stock to a given area, than any grass known; and is good pasture from May or April (according to latitude), until killing frost. Kentucky Blue grass comes in when the Bermuda gives way, and continues until the Bermuda is in force in spring. They flourish together, and will last indefinitely ; and thus, on the same area, the greatest two grasses of the world flourish on evergreen pasture in definitely. Meadow Fescue we have never seen tried ; but from the way it holds on in Audubon park, where it was sown during the late great Exposition, it would seem to be all that could be desired, as a winter grass. It is there wonderfully luxuriant, and has been subjected to repeated sum mer mowings for four or five years. Of other grasses, we have not so satis factory a knowledge ; but all natural con ditions are even more favorable here than in our sister State of Mississippi, where al most all grasses known have been for years demonstrated an unquestionable success. VARIOUS CROPS. The immigrant ought to be assured that he need not quit the crops of his old home by coming to Louisiana. If he prefers to not try rice, sugar cane, cotton or peas, he can raise corn, oats, rye, barley, wheat and buckwheat. These last three many may tell him he cannot raise ; but it is not the fact. As to corn and oats, some prodigious crops have been raised ; and at scarcely any agricultural fair but one or more prizes are awarded for over one hundred bushels of corn per acre. We desire to emphasize the point that our future agriculture will be prominnt in production of sea-island cotton. It has been successfully Taised between New Or leans and Mobile years ago ; and there is no reason why our gulf front, west of New Orleans, may not thus be utilized. Our sugar industry is promised a revo lution under the diffusion process, and the «poch of central refineries and small farms will then come in vogue. The land-owner will raise cane, and sell it at so much per ton, to the sugar refiner. From fifteen to forty tons per acre can be raised at a cost of one dollar and fifty cents, after the cane is planted, which costs say, ten dollars per acre. At least three dollars per ton can be'got for the cane. One hand can cultivate twenty acres of cane. Let any one calculate, and he will see the profits under that aspect of the induf.try. RICE. Rice raising is very generally adopted by the immigrants who have moved to Southwest Louisiana from the West. They find t}je business profitable and easy. Figures vary so much, according to season, irrigation facilities, culture, care in saving, etc., etc., that we refrain from details, from twenty-five to forty dollars per acre is a safe statement ofi,clear money, under average circumstances. The straw makes a good "feed" for horses and cattle, and if the second crop be cut (as is here and there being done), springing up from the shattered seed, a most superb hay can be made, yielding from two to four tons per acre of immature rice and very nutritious stalks. Hardly a richer provender can be found, except that of "peavine" hay, where the pea is left ungathered, and which (by-the-way) is a common and won derful crop. WATERWAYS. In this hurried attempt at a broad view of the State, the wonderful system of waterways of Louisiana ought to rec word's notice. In this regard, she is w - out a peer in the nation. This distinctio has advantages too great for adequate com ment. These waterways furnish high ways for commerce, and are influential ( can be made so) to check excessive rates o transportation. They give abundant, an even inexhaustible supplies of water to stock-raising, a desideratum that anyone who has ever raised stock in an arid coun try will highly appreciate. Almost every stream abounds with fish of very fine quality. The main streams are unfailing, fed from far-off sources. The Mississippi river drains almost half the United States The Arkansas and Red rivers course sev eral States and Territories, and draw their supplies of water a vast distance from their mouths. So pervading or penetrating is the nav igability of many of the streams of Louis iana, that at thousands of homes the pas senger and his freight can be landed al most literally at his very door. And there is open to all such unlimited opportunities for bathing, sailing, boating, etc. The lum bermen find in many of these streams the cheapest and safest of all means of rafting his timber to the mill, and if he will, of floating his lumber to markets. On the smaller streams are unlimited opportu nities for fish-ponds, and one can have the option of catching several species of fish from the brook, or one or more species from the fish-pond. Louisiana abounds in lakes (there are over three thousand miles of them, many of them navigable), salt and fresh. In the former are found oysters, crab and shrimp (the true cray-fish so dear to Englishmnen). In the latter are also many choice species of fish. Many of these lakes are navigable and beautifully wooded, and some day will be beautified with homes cherished as winter resorts. This aspect of these lakes has never had the consideration it deserves. Only a few spots have received the atten tion their loveliness warrants, and will, ere long, command. Thousands of lovely villas will deck their shores within the next quarter of a century, and they will be graced with the most jesthetic features of floriculture and arboriculture. The gaily painted yacht will curtsey on their waters, and the embellishments of archi tecture will add its charms to their shores. And in these lovely homes, the graces of domestic life will embellish and heighten natural attractions, and nature will render back its inestimable blessings of health, and the innocent joys of birdsongs,flowers, balmy airs and glorious skies. Well might one dilate at large on the large lus cious, innocent, soothing narcotism of the gulf airs, but space forbids. Mr. Joseph Jefferson, the world-renowned actor and impersonator of Rip Van Winkle, places special emphasis on the bland and heal ing effects of the climate on overstrung nerves, and overwrought brain, and the relaxed and overdone business man, at his winter home near one of these lakes. There are nearly four thousand miles of navigable rivers and smaller streams; while the mileage of brooks is almost incomput able. TIMBER WEALTH. In her wealth and variety of timber, Louisiana has no superior, if a peer, in the United States. In point of species of woods, there are propably over a hundred, and their value is unequaled by those of any State in the Union, and their magnificence surpassed by none but by a few of the giants of California. In ornamental trees, her wide spreading live oaks have no peer. Their breadth of foliage, and the deep and cordial tones of their color are a never failing joy, to say nothing of their shapeliness. The Mognolia grandiflora is afiother tree of in comparable beauty; both of form and foli age, while its immense, creamy chalice of bloom overflows almost all summer with an intensity and pervasion of fragrance, that is almost unendurable to some. But space forbids much regard to the aesthetic side of Louisiana's flora. The hard woods —many species of oak, several of hickory (the pecan among them), ash, etc., are most superb in size and fibre. Probably no State in tLe Union can show such a profu sion, quality and size of the last three species, as Louisiana. In cypress, Louisiana is vastly ahead of any other State in the Union, not only in quantity, but in quality. This wood is making its way into many uses, and within a few years has met with such general commendation that it is in great demand. Many mills in Louisiana run entirely on its "cut," and the business is one of the most expanded industries of the state. In certain localities is found a birdseye cypress especially in demand for ornamental work. Of yellow pine, Louisiana has one of the largest supplies of any State in the Union, and is claimed by some to surpass any State. This tree grows only in the South. Of late its lumber has grown into great fa vor, and according to Mr. W. H. Howcott, a leading authority, has come into exten sive use in Idaho, Montana, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, etc. It has greatly sup planted other lumber in many Western cities. According to this authority, there are over 2400 saw mills in the South, most of them cutting this lumber ; and fifty millions of dollars have been invested in Southern pine lands since the last census. Louisiana has shared largely in these sales, and millions of acres have been sold to speculators and lumber manufacturers. The following compilation from the last United States census, taken from Mr. How cott's letter in the Baltimore Manufactur ers' Record of January 5, 1889, shows the status of Louisiana as to yellow pine : The forestry bulletins of the last censu of the United States give the following estimates of long and short leaf yellow pine standing June 1st, 1880, viz : Long-leaf. feet. Short-leaf, feet. Alabama 18,885,000,000 Florida 6,615,1)00,000 Arkansas 41.315,000,000 Georgia 16.778.000,000 Louisiana 36,588 000,000 21.625 000.000 Mississippi 17,800,000.000 6,775,000,000 North Carolina.. 5,229.000,000 South Carolina.. 5.316.000,000 26.093 200,000 Texas 20,508,000,000 26.093.200,000 Total 117,119,000,000 121,901,400,000 SULPHUR. Near Lake Charles is what is claimed to be the largest deposit of sulphur in the world, a stratum of crystalized sulphur, three hundred feet thick, of remarkable purity. There is quite a flow of petroleum there, lately discovered, which is a fine lubricant just as it comes from the well. There, too, is found limestone, gypsum and alum. In marbles, Louisiana is rich. MINERALS. It is only very late, that the precious minerals have been found. But careful, conscientious investigators assure us that gold and silver have been found. Some free gold has been discovered, and there is certainly to be found auriferous quartz, and a limestone bearing gold. Several assays have proved this, and the testimony of a very eminent geologist is secured as to the quartz. A gold-bearing limestone has been found, assaying eight ounces of pure gold to the ton, on the authority of a thoroughly, reliable gentleman. Silver is found in the limestone ; and many as says have been made of it. From the testimony we have, there is a very rich treasure of this mineral in Louisiana. There has been nothing but a private and superficial exploitation made ; bi îi we are assured that the auriferous quartz and the silver and gold-bearing limestone are in great force, particularly the former. It is said that when God's people begin to quarrel, the devil takes advantage of the occasion and goes home to dinner. A unique chair made of the horns of Texas cattle is on its way from San An tonio to the White House. It is the gift of a San Antonio banker to President Har rison, and cost its donor $1500. The horns are riveted with gold, and there are a number of gold plates used in its construc tion. From one of them glistens a very handsome diamond.— Ex.