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THE SAYING OF OREGON. HOW DR. WHITMAN BRAVED BLIZZARDS AND DEATH. Determined to Save Country From British Daniel Webster Opposed to Retaining Territory* A bloody trophy in possession of the government at Washington is an In dian hatchet. The tomahawk reeks with red and horid association. It is the weapon with which Dr. Marcus Whitman, the Indian missionary and his wife were slain in 1847 and with which the first blow of the tearsome Whitman masacre was begun—an en ormous crime which nearly obliterated the white American settlers in the Ore gon country, sent a thrill of horror and indignation throughout the Amer ican republic and saved to the Amer ican people the great northwest coun try out of which Oregon, Washington and other states were created. It is one of the very cruel chapters in his tory-a chapter embracing eight years of war between settlers and savages the result of which was that the Hud son's Bay Company and the British crown were compelled to relinguish their claim to the territory. Another result was the virtual annihilation of the Cayuse tribe of Indians. So much tragic history centers about this rusty hatchet that it is one of the rarest rel ics of the government A government official familiar with the period says "The Whitman massacre was the re sult of the machinations of England to secure by treaty or otherwise all On-WMiTMAN 5TA(\T|PIG Easto* HIS jjt Perilous "fa|P(l! Across THE ROCKIES PLEADING HIS CAUSE BEFORE WEBSTER, AND JHEPhesident. the territory west of the Rockies and north of the 42nd parallel of north lat itude." First White Women to Cross Rockies. It was in 1836 that Dr. Marcus Whit man and the Rev. Mr. Spaulding, with /their wives—the first white women to cross the Rock Mountains went among the tribes of the Far North west. The country was then in the control of the Hudson's Bay Com pany a British monopoly with nearly a thousand employes. Its power over the Indian tribes was nearly absolute. It had a string of fortified Canadian posts from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The company owned by men in Lon don desired to exclude American set tlements and to foster British immi gration. The Washington government so far from having any conception of the value of the northwestern country stubbornly maintained that it was worthless and inaccessible by land. The great Webster said that it was a land fit only for .savage beasts and stilj more savage men. Dr. Whitman established his mission among the Oayuse in the state of Washington near what is now Walla Walla, then Fort Walla Walla, trad ing post. In 1842 while attending a dinner given at the fort in honor of, some British officers news came that a company of British immigrants were on their way and had already crossed the Rocky Mountains. There (wiais great excitement at the table and a young officer unconscious of the presence of the American mission ary jumped to his feet exclaiming "Hurrah for Columbia: (the Oregon country). America )is 'too ljate* -W« havejffeot the country." Dr\ Whitman perceived that it was the pWpose of the British to claim the coiXtry by right of settlement He left flbe table rode rapidly to his wildernes\ home and after a brief pause thei set out for Washington. His partingkwords to his wife were "I am goink to cross the Rocky Mountains, reach Washington this winter, God carrying me through and bring out an immigration through the mountains next spring or this country is i6«st." An Awful Journey. Winter had set in and the old chron icles tell it was a severe one marked by terrific storms and deep snows. Dr. Whitman reached Washington) crippled by frozen hands and feet. The news he brought caused excite ment among the populace &^d concern among many of the government offi cers He saw Daniel Webster Secre tary of State represented to him the grandeur and value of the Oregon country, told him of the need of Im im'igrants and explained the rvasom that had Induced him to brave, the rigor of the season by makingN^he trlp. Mr. Webster was about to ex clude the Webster-Ashburton treat/ renouncing any claim we might have to the great norhwest for a Newfpund llaaid cod-flslieiry. Webster wSignot impressed with Whitman's parotic enthusiasm. He considered the coiin of no value. He thought it would, as well to let Great Britian have satisfied with his Interview Secretary of State Dr. Whit man sought President Tyler who cans across the continent and In the autumn entered the valley of the Oregon. Develish Work. The British agents slowly poisoned the minds of the savages against the new comers but it was not till 1847 that the savages in council determined to' massacre all the American settlers in their country. The site of Dr. Whitman's dwel ling was on the north bank of the Walla Walla river at what is now the town of Wahulo. The In dians surrounded the houses of the niissi&n their weapons hidden under their blankets. At dawn of November 29,1847 an Indian entered the doctor's house and asked for medicine. As the missionary turned to his medicine chest the savage buried hlis toixtar hawk in the good man's brain. Mrs. Whitman was killed a minute later by the same savage with the same weapon. The murder of the mission ary was the signal for the wholesale slaughter to begin. The butchery com menced on all sides. The crash of firearms, the groans of the dying, screams of women, yells of the painted demons filled the air. The Indians women and children danced and sang as the atrocious work went on. They multilated the dead. Women and children of the settlers sank under bloody knife and club. •The massacre lasted all day and then murdering (patrtiQs star tod in (every diiredtioo. Kverybody in the Whitman_ mission was killed and many settlers all through the woods were slain. The Cayuise attacked a mlission ainloug the Nez l'ercets buit .these }ii(]iiau£ beat them back and took the sides of the (settlers, (dispatching parties of braves after the murderous Cayuse. American Immigration Won the Day. The surviving settlers were not slow in seekiug revenge and they made the name 'Paleface" a fearful word to the redskin murderers of the northwesit forests. War to the dearh was carried on against the Indians for eight years. Government troops were in the coun try, and a stream of immigration had set in. The leadens of the Cayuse who attacked the Whitman mission were captured by the Nez Perces on the upper John Bay river and five of them were hanged at Oregon city. The graves of Dr. Whitman and his wlife are pointed out near where they fell at Wahula on that 'bloody Novem ber morning 1847. In the light of this does it not seem that the government might have been a little considerate in its treatment of the late chief Joseph and his Nez Perces band? The World Moves Quickly. How the thought of the world passes from one thing ta another, and then forgets. Attention for months was centered upon Port Arthur, and then it was transferred to the movements of the naval fleets, the meeting of which was so disastrous to Russian hopes. It will be remembered that when Rojestvensky entered the China Sea he wired to the Czar: "If I am victorious I shall inform you. If I am vanquished, Togo will inform you." To the public Port Arthur is no more than one of the countless red splotches that disfigure history, and the naval battle of all history is already relegated to dry discussions as to what branch of service was most disastrous to ship and lives. Eaforeiag the Laws. —_ behind, Vith a total number of 21.041. Tnfe CTttinmiotr-er-niooks" showed wed that the diplomatic ted ft party of one thousand Amen- o* From the Washington Star. There was nothing original in Gov. Folk's address at Chautauqua, N. Y., recently, but the well-known truth he enunciated took on greater weight for his indorsement He is no closet phil osopher, giving to the public the re sults of reading and speculation, bat a man of affairs who has done things and noted the consequences. He was elected District Attorney in St. Louis in the expectation that he would ignore the laws and let those who were vio lating them continue to flourish on their iniquities. Instead of that, he enforced the laws and saw conditions all around him rapidly improve. When therefore, such a man tells us that a cure for many of the Ills we are endur ing as a people is the simple execution of the laws, he has the strongest pos sible claim upon our attention, and his advice is worth following. Laws are Of little use unless their enforcement is demanded and backed up by public sentiment. Literature and Musle Prosper. During the past year the Library of ngress made entries for copyrights to extent of 106,577, an increase of 7,141 over those made in 1903. Of *th?My compositions of a musical char «ctfcr\head*the list, there having been entered for copyright 23,740. Period icals'm single' numbers follow closely entr trading of he 16,691 of -which were'books and the !h «. th^missionan?? train. remainder Booklets, leaflets,-circulars, jeB toNthe number of 29,516, some PALATIAL R. STATION. NEW WASHINGTON STATION THE FINEST IN THE WORLD. Construction of Structure and Build Ins of Adjacent Largest of Freight Yar^s to Cost *22,OOOfOOO. i With all the talk relative to Govern ment control of^railway rates, and the 1D- probability of Congress giving the sul ject at least consideration, the busy solons of the Senate and House this winter may not appreciate that within a radius of eight miles of the Capitol building there is work of railroad im provement going on having a value of over $22,000,000. Just across the Potomac River, be tween Washington and the historic but sleepy town of Alexandria, the Pennsylvania railroad is well along in constructing the largest freight yards in the United States, at a cost of $7,000,000, •while the Pennsylvania and Baltimore and Ohio railroads are ex pending $15,000,000 in the city itself in eliminating grade crossings and erect ing a new Union station—a station which, when completed, will be the largest passenger station in the world, even exceeding that at Hamburg, Ger many. Compares In Size with Capitol. The new station, in itself but five feet shorter than the Capitol building, will face a plaza 500 feet wide by about 1,000 feet long, decorated with artistic balustrades, terraces and fountains, Nine streets will lead into the plaza, which itself will provide a space for massing troops and spectators for pub lic ceremonies. To give the required elevation to the station so as to admit the two passenger tunnels from the South, it was necessary to fill in the site of the station, some 1,000,000 cubic yards of earth being required to form the new plaza, the fill for a con siderable area being over 35 feet In depth. Sanitary Train Sheds. Unlike most railroad stations, the architectural beauty of the Washing ton station will not be marred by the usual gigantic semi-circular train shed, but each pair of tracks will be covered over with a sort-of umbrella train shed, which will protect alighting and de parting passengers from the elements, but will also allow the smoke and gases to rise into the atmosphere. The bag gage trucks will pass to the cars through tunnels to the end of the tracks, where the trunks and parcels will be brought to the surface by ele vators, so that at no time will the pas sengers be in danger of collision with the baggagemen. The train concourse will be the largest single room in the world, nearly 700 feet long, the entire vista being unbroken by the usual labyrinth of pillars. The ceiling is to be constructed in what is technically known as of the self-supporting type. There will be 33 passenger tracks, 27 on the main floor level and six on the tunnel floor where trains from the South will arrive through the double tunnel under Capitol tliii. A feature of the station will be the absence of stairs, so that even in a large crowd, for which Washington is famous dur ing inangural or convention times, there will be no danger of accident to the passenger arriving or departing. Presidential and Diplomatic Entrance. There will be special entrances and also rooms for guests of the nation, the diplomatic corps and for the President of the United States, who will thus be enabled to quietly seek their train with out hindrance. In the original bill introduced in Con- V- I MM/ffLBTsp sfWH/OfmLL B£CJK££L gress allowing the railroad companies to construct this station, provision was made to drive a tunnel directly beneath the Capitol building, with ele vators running immediately from the Senate Chamber and the House Cham ber into private Congressional stations. This would have enabled the -United States Senator from Oregon, for in stance, to pass out of the Senate and walk directly aboard his Pullman sleeping car without exposure to the open air' until he reached his far western home. A great convenience this, doubtlesB, to delicate legislators but a literal undermining of Congress by the railroads probably wisely ex cluded from the architectural plans. TheBrlckbata Never Touched Hltn I bad a funny dream last night Thought that John D. Rockefeller was running for office^— Yes! And he was about to make a speech In a brickyard, when I woke up. .... rmf. EUROPEAN GOSSIP. Tales of Diplomatic and Court 1ft trigue. It seems that Mr. W. W. Astor has bought the historic Hever estate in Kent, England, and is improving it. It includes 2,000 acres of land and & moated castle, nearly six hundred years old, where at one time Henry VIII. maintained Anne of Cleves. On this estate Mr. Astor has put to work about one thousand men, with due ap paratus, and is making changes rated as improvements which the calculating natives estimate will cost him a million and a quarter pounds. He is building a lake, a model village, roads, bridges and gardens, and is doubtless having a good deal of the sort of fun that Mr. Kipling in a recent story has suggested as a suitable recreation for tired Amer icans. Though the Sultan is himself a total THE SHAH OF PERSIA, abstainer, the finest vintage wines are always offered to such guests as dine at the palace. The recent visit of the Shah of Persia to England recalls ar former call of his upon Queen Victoria, when London was startled at the Oriental methods employed by this picturesque Eastern potentate. Thousands of dollars worth of damage was done in the famous Buckingham Palace by the nochalant orders of the Shah. The sheep which provided hi3 mutton were brought into the palace rooms, which bad been placed at his royal disposal, and slaughtered upon the magnificent and costly rugs and other such extravagant practices were the order of the day. While the meat which the Shah eats is always supposed to be slaughtered be fore his eyes, it was believed at the time that these performances were simply the carrying out of an Eastern regal fancy, to show Western barbarians what the Orient was accustomed to. The Queen's maids of honor have very little to do. They live at home, and when the Queen is in London they are conveyed to Buckingham Palace after luncheon in royal carriages, and remain in a suite of charming salons until required to accompany the Queen and her unmarried daughter out driving. They must dress very well and not appear in the same clothes too often, and, above all, study the wishes of Her Majesty in regard to colors anil modes. The_millinery embargo, that is, not to wear a picture hat, must be fol lowed to the letter. With a salary of $1,500 and the attachment of "Honor able" to their names, the fair maids-of honor manage to worry along until they marry. Al/D PLAZA- YMBJf CMPLETED^ THE $r/?E£rL£lfeLnMm&^&Ea. King Alfonso recently had a curious adventure at Madrid. He had left Granda one morning incognito. He guarded his identity so strictly that no one suspected his presence and when he presented himself at the royal palace the sentry refused him admit tance. The King Inspected the apart ments being prepared for President Loubet of France, who was preparing to visit the youthful Spanish monarch, and then sent a summons to the aston ished ministers to come and hold a council. The Empress-Dowager of China Is thoughtful of her subordinates. Here Is an edict of hers Issued recently which will bear, out the Idea: "Wong Wgn-Shao, the grand secretary, has served under us many years, and he has shown great 'diligence and faith fulness. He Is now over 70 years of age, and In the dally audiences his obeisance is now Very difficult, and our sympathy must be shown him. Xet him be relieved from the grand coun- ell in order that he may be saved trouble." As a dismissal this could hardly be improved upon. Father John of Cronstadt, whose extraordinary influence over the Czar no less than his propaganda against the revolutionaries, continually rouses the ire of the secret committee, is 8b years of age. In personality he answers to the description of the aver age Russian peasant, only in his case abstemiousness has wrought a refining effect on his features. VAN CALAVA. COUNTING UNCLE SAM'S CASH. Occurs Every Time a New Treasurer is Appointed. Owing to the recent change in the office of Treasurer of the United States, a task of no small magnitude is going on in the Treasury Building. Every time one Treasurer gives way to another the cash must be counted and verified before the new official becomes responsible. for the money under his care. .. As soon as a change is made tne Secretary of the Treasury appoints a Committee of Three to select a force to count'the cash. This committee picks out a number of clerks in the various offices of the Department, and they are set at work to "count the millions. Per haps there may be forty men selected to perform this huge count maybe fifty or eighty. It is always considered an honor to be one of these counters. The total sum counted by these men is somewhere in the neighborhood of five hundred and thirty millions in money, bonds, notes and everything else. One vault alone contaifis over a hundred millions in silver dollars. An other has a heavy amount of silver fractional currency, and many tons of nickel five-cent pieces and pennies. The worKing cash is handled first, and in order to give it a chance to do regular duty it is counted at night. Most of the money is counted in bulk and stored away in nags, each contain inga certain sum. Tuese are weighed, and if there is even one dollar short, there is instant detection of the wrong count As each bag is filled by a clerk, who attaches his name by a tag, any discrepancy in the number of coins or any coin missing from the sack is charged to him. This is done, not only to check any tendency toward dis honesty, but also to cause each counter to exercise the greatest care. The new Treasurer is Charles H. Treat, of New York, who takes the place of Ellis H. Roberts. The Unemployed in Germany, It seems from consular reports that there are none. Colonies for the so called "unemployed" take tuem out of this class immediately and make pau perism unknown. Each city supports large offices where hunters for work go and register. They get a bath, have th.eir clothing disinfected, and if the unions which support these institutions have no work for them in cities, they are sent to the farm colonies in the country, where they can work at farm ing, land reclamation, and in other pro ductive capacities. The system of these unions is said to be very com prehensive they are open to all, and besides providing opportunities for workers, have systems of old age pen sions, insurance against accidents, and other benefits. Agents Wanted To Canvass for the United Statesv Senator Number N0WLPUBLI8HED. The Issue contains portraits of the NINETY MEMBERS from each State in the Union. 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