The Bowbells tribune. [volume], May 18, 1906, Image 8

About The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969

Image provided by: State Historical Society of North Dakota

                
Vinton
HAP
IV
E
BO
IS
"0S
The depletion of the timber lot and
the gradual decrease in the supply of
lumber, with the consequent increase
in the cost of wood, make the erection
of fences on the farm a matter of con
cern, for the landholder heretofore has
looked upon wood as a proper material
for the construction of an effective
fence. Metal—that is, fence wire—has
almost entirely replaced the rails which
at one time were considered necessary
to make a fence stock-proof. We still
find, however, that timber is, in most
localities, the cheapest material for
fence posts, though the supply avail
able is becoming scarcer each year,
and it Is possible that in the future
It may be necessary in every section
A
or the country to use posts made of
iron or concrete, even as is now done
in many places.
An essential feature of a rail fence
Is a comparatively short panel, but
now that wire is, in the majority of
cases, taking the place of the rail, it
is questionable whether as many posts
are necessary as was the case when
rail were used. Recent tests were made
at an English experiment station to de
termine upon the best method of con
structing a fence. One point considered
was Aether a fence constructed with
a dropper is as efficient and durable
as one constructed entirely with posts.
A second point under consideration was
the minimum number of posts required
in the construction of an efficient and
durable fence when droppers are used
and the character of the dropper re
quired for best results. The dropper is
a thin vertical brace used to strengthen
the stretch of wire between posts. As
metal is admittedly more durable than
wood, an endeavor was made to obtain
a suitable rigid metal dropper, but with
out success.
NOTCH THE CORNER POSTS LOW.
An error that, farmers sometimes
make in erecting a fence is that they
place the corner supports or struts too
near the top of the post, and conse
quently at too great an.angle with the
line of the fence, so that when the wires
are stretched tightly the post is pulled
out of the ground, notwithstanding
that huge bowlders are piled against
the post or hung on it, in an endeavor
to keep it in the ground. One fence
which has been found to prove very
satisfactory consists of square posts
and top rail, with three or four rows
of plain wire fastened on the outside
edges of the post, instead of through
holes bored in the uprights. To these
wires is fastened ordinary poultry net
ting with, say, an inch and a-half or
two-inch mesh. This netting may be
strained very tight and will lie as flat
as a board, the appearance of the fence
being thereby greatly improved.
While the use of barb-wire in the
construction of fences is regretted, ow
ing to the injury which it sometimes
inflicts upon the live stock, there is no
doubt that its employment under cer
tain conditions prolongs the life of a
fence, deterring stock from rubbing
against it and unduly straining the
plain wires. It has been argued that
stock soon get to understand bow dan-
gerous barb-wire is, and when in a
quiet condition are rarely injured by
it but once excited by panic or play
they forget its danger and often suffer
in consequence. While there may be
some styles of woven fence which will
enable the farmer to discontinue barb
wire, the new material must have suf
ficient elasticity to recover from occa
sional very severe and unusual strains
and also sufficient to respond to our
varied conditions of heat and cold, and
so require no Btraining after- its erec
tion. The American fence manufactur
ers seem to be ahead of the Europeans
|p tbs eroductien of wire fences, for It
SUBSTANTIAL ROAD GATE.
ELLIOTT MITCHELU
is possible to obtain from them fences
constructed entirely of metal at small
cost
While the unprogressive farmer is
content to have a few bars to let down
in order to admit of the passage of
teams or wagons, no fence is complete
without an entrance, and therefore
without a gate, for at best bars are
only makeshifts and a loss of both
time and temper. It is surprising how
common they are when excellent and
serviceable light gates can now be pur
chased very cheaply and even where
the lack of money is an obstacle to this
a handy man can, with the aid of an
axe, a hammer and some nails build
and hang a strong useful gate with no
other outlay than the expenditure of a
few hours' labor and certainly in less
time than is required in the continual
putting down and up of the bars.
Experiment has shown that it is ad
visable to have the openings of the
farm gates 16 feet wide or thereabouts
in order to admit of the transfer of the
Fence Distorted
by Improperly
Placed Corner
Supports
A PLEASING FENCE OF TIMBER AND POULTRY WIRE.
Tagent from Omaha.
farm implements from one field to an
other. Where some fields are planted
with small green crops from which the
farmer desires to keep his poultry it is
thought best that the bottom rail of
this gate should be within an inch of
the ground so that the poultry cannot
crawl under. The gate posts should be
quite separate and distinct from any
posts used in the construction of the
fence, as a better effect is obtained
without additional trouble if they are
slightly higher than the uprights in
the gate and higher than the fence
posts adjoining the gateway. The
main entrance to the farm and also the
gateways around the dwelling may be
still further improved if a little addi
tional trouble is taken to square -the
gate posts and round off the tops.
No gate can be said to be finished
until it is painted, for not only does
painting aid in giving a tidy appear
ance, but prolongs the life of the wood.
It will be better and a saving of time
if the timber after being cut up for
the gates is given a couple of coats of
paint before being put together. After
the gate is completed and hung, it can
be given a final coat. The first or
priming coat should be very thin in
fact, may be nearly all raw linseed oil.
The second and last coats will, of
course, be a little thicker, and in order
to dry hard, and with a little gloss,
should contain a small quantity of tur
pentine and boiled oil. While tastes
may differ as to color, results have
shown that white seems to give the
most satisfaction, while the iron work
painted black will make a slight con
trast, adding to the improved appear
ance of the gateway.
STILL USE DASHER CHURNS.
Even in this Day of Creameries, But
ter Is Made in the Good Old
Fashioned Way.
The chances are ten to one or better
that the butter you buy at the grocery
store now was made in a creamery, for
the great bulk of the butter consumed
in this country is made in milk estab
lishments. But there is still some but
ter made by hand, and "we still sell
churns right along."
The greater number of the individ
ual churns now sold, said a churn
manufacturer in Chicago recently, in
speaking of the growth of the cream
ery business, are of the cylinder type,
operated by a crank, turning within
the churn a wheel with Saddles, some
times like the paddlewheel of a steam
boat but we still sell as well, churns
of the old-fashioned type, such as our
grandmothers used, and such as their
grandmothers used before them. I
might add that the old-fashioned
dasher churn is still, as it has always
been, painted blue.
Who still buys these old styles hand
churns in the day of machine-made
butter? Why, so to speak, the oldest
people, and the most modern, too.
They are bought by small farmers
keeping only one or a few cows, who
naturally continue to make their own
Where the Cor
ner Supports
|Prevent the Post
from Pulling
Out.
butter, and who make it, of course,
with a hand churn. Some of these
farmers might make more butter than
they would require for their own use
and the surplus they would sell, as
they would their surplus ej*gs, to the
country store.
And you find larger farmers, too,
farmers perhaps keeping many cows
and selling the bulk of their milk to
a creamery, still continuing to make
the butter that they need for them
selves and making it, as they have al
ways done, in a hand churn.
Such churns are sold to people liv
ing in suburban or country homes and
keeping cows, who make their own
butter because they prefer to, anyway,
and they are bought by various people
everywhere who want sweet or Tin
salted butter and who make it for
themselves in hand churns.
America exports churns to the West
Indies and South America and to New
Zealand and Australia and to dairying
countries in various other parts of the
world but we still supply our own
people with the old-fashioned dasher
as we did twenty years ago.
TO TACKLE IIAZEES:
The hazing trials at Annapolis, fol
lowed by the long discussion of the
subject in and out of Congress, have
served to widely advertise the Acad
emy, and, as a result, there has been
an unusual rush of applications from
ambitious young men who aspire tp be
come admirals. Many of the applicants
breathe defiance to all hazers and re
cite instances of their physical pow
ers to demonstrate their fitness for ap
pointment. One of the letters recently
received at the Navy Department ran,
as follows:
"I play football, have been captain, of
the basketball team these last two
years. I am also an expert with bat
ing gloves, and would like to have
some of the Annapolis fellows try their
hazing tricks on me. I imagine they
would have to get real busy if they
tried to stand me on mx head and
make me eat soap."
S,
CONSOLIDATED SCHOOLS.
Assistant Secretary Hays Points Out
Necessity for More Thorough Farm
Education. Is in Effect a Country
High School.
The consolidated school question is
a feature of the country school educa
tion problem which is rapidly coming
to the fore, especially in the northwest,
and it promises much for better farm
education. The proposition is that six
or seven or ten "of the cross-roads
schools in any rural district shall be
combined into one larger school and
were it not for the question of trans
portation of the scholars to and from
the central school, it would undoubted
ly meet with universal favor. From
an educational point of view the ad-,
vantages of the consolidated school
plan are very great. Assistant Sec
retary of Agriculture Hays is an en
thusiastic advocate of the plan and
states that where the plan has been
put into operation the beneficial re
sults have been manifold. The ques
tion has been agitated to a consider
able extent in his own State of Minn
esota, due largely to his own efforts.
Professor Hays is thoroughly alive to
the fact that a better scheme of edu
cation is needed for the farm boy if
he is to keep his foremost position
among the world's agriculturists.
FOR BETTER FARM EDUCATION.
The time, Professor Hays says, has
gone by when an "ordinary" school
education will serve for the farm boy.
The three R's are not sufficient to
enable him to succeed in life. He must
have special education for farming just
as the young man or woman who is to
enter professional life has special in
struction along the lines he expects to
follow. And so the consolidated
school comes in, with its better educa
tional facilities.
Canada has taken an advanced stand
on this. question and is consolidating
her country schools. In a word the
farmer's children are being given the
advantages of a high school education.
As President Creelman, of the On
tario Agricultural College has pointed
out, the system undoubtedly is, from
a standpoint of dollars and cents, more
expensive, for the first few years at
least but the rural ratepayer has it to
decide for himself whether he would
rather pay five dollars more per year
and secure for his boy or girl such
increased benefits as the consolidated
school can give or leave them In the
hands of an inexperienced girl teacher
who perhaps does her best in a little
one-roomed school, without facilities
of demonstration of any kind.
PRACTICAL FARM SCIENCE.
One of the most important features
of these schools is the school garden,
where practical farm science is taught
in a practical way. Such gardens are
not, however, confined to the con
solidated schools, but are now being
kept in connection with a number of
the more progressive district schools
in various parts of the country. They
are usually from two to three acres in
area, divided into experimental and
individual plots for each of the pupils,
ranging in size from six feet square
to six by ten or even twenty.
The general plan of laying out each
garden involves (1) a belt,of native
trees and shrubs surrounding the
grounds (2) a half-acre playfield for
the boys (3) a lawn bordered with
shade trees for the girls (4) a shaded
walk each for boys and girls, about a
hundred yards long (5) an attractive
approach to the school, consisting
chiefly of a piece of open lawn, with
shrubs and flowers on either side (6)
a suitable reservation for Individuals
and class plots (7) an orchard plot
or border (8) a forest plot in which
the chief native trees are grown from
the seed.
PLANTS GROWN BY PUPILS.
The ordinary range of vegetables
and a selection of flowering plants are
grown in these gardens, the pupils
themselves furnishing the necessary
work. In the large schools two hours
each week are found sufficient for
the garden work, and one hour in
the smaller, in both cases under the
supervision of the teacher or a special
instructor. The school garden serves
a double purpose, since it not only
provides the most practical form of
nature study but acts as a valuable in
centive in the general school work. It
Is no uncommon sight during the suta
mer season to sge a public school in
session out of doors, not with slate
and pencil but with hoe and shovel.
The pupils thoroughly enjoy it. They
are allowed the proceeds of their plots
as their own property and in addi
tion may take home the plants left
over from thinning out. The class
plots are reserved as a source of rev
enue for the school and as a supply,
In some cases, for the school lunches.
Former Iron Master Andrew Car
negie has indorsed the idea of phonetic
spelling—making the words sound as
they read, or read as they sound—
either way.
ma
&V 4i/W(/?VO
mmm
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FREE Sf.00 PACKA6E COUPON
Fill out the blank lines below, cut out the coupon
end mail to J. F. Stokes, Mgr., 5607 Foso Bldg., On
cinnati, Ohio. Enclose ten cents In stamps or silver
an evidence of good faith and to help cover pack
ing, postage, etc., and the ILOO package will be sent
you at once by nudl free of
charge.
Give fultaddress—write plainly.
JOE, THE INDIAN DOG.
From Sunset.
"Did he ever make friends with the
battery boys?"
"No," said Sergeant Wright, "he nev
er did. I understand dogs, and I know
that our dog Joe died of a broken heart
at Fort Stevens, at the moutn of the
Columbia, and we gave him a sort of
informal military funeral and buried
him where the moaning of the bar is
always heard.
There had been a battle near the
Yellowstone, and the Nez Perces had
gradually had to give way and retreat
as the dusk drew down to hide the
damage of the day. But all the war
riors did not go. Among the rocks up
the canon, nine of them lay in one
heap, seven in another, at rest at last.
Four dogs were there doing the Casa
bianca act, and a soldier lassoed one
of them in form and color like a fox,
and brought him into camp.
Joe'-Was-Jthe' name given him, and
day after day fie was led by some mem
ber of the company until the long fif
teen-hundre'd-mile march was ended.
He tolerated the portion of the rations
handed him, but never smiled in re
turn, and merely ate to live. He con
formed to constituted authority as a
matter of common sense, and on the
long steamboat trip down "the Missouri
to Omaha, across by rail to the Pacific
and up the coast to Oregon, he was the
same dignified dog, always with an ear
askance, anticipating the footstep of
his Indian comrade.
But it never came.
No soldier had learned to love him,
but all respected him for fidelity to his
dead master.
IMMIGRATION LEGISLA
TION.
The Committee on Immigration of
the House of Representatives has re
ported a bill raising the head tax on
aliens from $2 to $5, requiring each
male adult to possess not less than $25
and each female $15, providing that
every immigrant over 16 years shall
be able to read and write in some lan
guage, and placing in the excluded
class imbeciles, the weak-minded and
manual laborers of poor physique. The
Department of Commerce and Labor
is given discretion to admit or exclude
immigrants under 16 years of age
coming to this country alone. The
proposed law, it is stated, would sift
out a good many undesirable persons.
N#m«
Box or Str«ot No~
Postoffice——__
Enclosed flnd_
subscriber.
Don't Die That Way
Millions Die Every Year from Mere Ignorance of
Nature's Laws of Health
Ask yourself the question: "Is Life Worth Living?"
And the answer •will be: It depends on your health."
Then why not have good health? If you're sick it is'
because some simple, natural law of health has been violated.
Nature is a Stern and Inexorable Judge, and
Grants bo Pardons "When Her Laws are Broken
Better Learn Those Laws.
You can't learn them too soon.
You can't learn them all at once.
Begin right now, and
s Learn a little every month.
Send a dime or five two-cent stamp* to 1405 Fisher Building, Chicaeo for on. whnie
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out—and
Town
all about Nature's Laws of
Bead it ever month—year' in and jrear
Doctors' Bills and Drag
Health and save Doctors' Bills and DrugTBiIls,andjou will enjoy many years of Ltte and
good health after sou otherwise womld have been dead and buried-or maybe cremated
Whether von are buried or cremated doesn't so much matter. It's the dvW MrTfhliJ
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from Maxwell's Homemaker Magazine. uaiumg
NOTK.—If you do not wish to cut the coupon out of your paper, you can'send in your
subscription on a separate piece of paper.
ONE YEAR FOR 10 CENTS
Subscription Prio* to Chicago and Foreign AddrMsea, 25o. P«r Y«u
Cut out thissubscriptlon blank, writenameand address on liuee below, and send ua
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im&mHmsM
ftflil
BASEBALL
OUTFIT!!
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There are only two Ex
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A P—Col lege S ty le« Etgbt
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BOYS.
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um shoes, slippers or
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alteration—open back, no lacing—no exar
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PAINT WITHOUT OIL.
Remarkable Discovery That CnUDown
the Cost of Paint Sieventy-flYe JPer Cent.
Free Trial Package and Bis Book.Tell In*
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A. L. Rice, a prominent manufacturer, of
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spreads and looks like oil paint, yet costs only
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Write to Mr. A. L. Rice, Manufacturer,' 886
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paint. It lets you into the secret of paint
making, exposes fake paints, tells you how to
get the best results from paint for different
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FREE
Send
your
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address for only 34 packages of
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and we will Immediately send
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made large, of felt, foryonr shirt front, sent free,
with the suit if you return our money within lOdays.
BT-TTINE MFG. CO.,
The Old Reliablt Firm
143 Mill St., Concord Junction, Mag|
WRITE
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"Modern Fnrnace Heating" tells haw to
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Maxwell's Homemalrcr Ma
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_for_ jmtir subscription. State whether new «r
Ton can subscribe for one, two, three or five years at 10 cents for each
Subvorlptioiv, Dept. MAXWELL'S HOMEMAKCR MAGAZINE.
1403 Fiahar Building, CHICAGO
K yon wish to haw TOT HOMBMAKER MAGAZINE Mnt^frien"« „C.:
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old
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