i i PROFITABLE POULTRY FOR N. D. FARMERS 0» W. Dynes of the A. C. Poultry Department Presents Some Very Profitable Hints to the Delegates at the Tri-State Convention. Turing for his subject a topic which la becoming of great Importance lo the farmers of 'in state, O. W. Djrnes, s»i-9rlnteti'!i 11! of poultry at the J*, u., addressed the TrI State CJrala and Stock Growers' convention recently oil "Profitable Poultry ltais tog for the North Dakota Farmer." Mr. Dynes' address proved of great •alue to the farmers in attenfm •lid is reproduced in full below "Very few people realize the im portance of the poultry industry of our country as a factor in the produc tion of national wealth. Secretary "Wilson estimates the value of the poultry products nf the United Slates for 1907 at ftitMi.OOj.OOO. Tins is great er than the total value of the lumber production of our country. Sioo.noo.- is cited simply to show litiejs of careful selection, .ddition the North Dakota he-i n tin. right kind of feed end .:. i cut and management a large i-.er rse her yearly record would und ii u l'\ folio v. "Successful eg produr .•, wit!' poult ykee er is largely •,.! .• n lour main factor#, i. e tirst. Housing: second, Feeling third, the Stock: fourth. General M: nagement, i Kojsing. Ki.: I o, Hotue Recoin:ii -ide one sty In if poultry house can rec omtnendeil as best for our climatic condi'ions iu the Northwest. We are •working on this problem now ori the espe'inient Nation, where we have at tempted to- demonstrate the effeet on egg production when heas are kept in a warm house as compared to hens housed in a relatively cold building. The remits ire not yet for publica tion. but orr experience has shown that warmly built poultry houses are not e.iscrtial lo good egg production. If you i re building a poultry house don't build it as warm as you would j'O'T cut e or hor e barn and don't ttse artiPci 1 heat. Select a well dreim (1 s'te on which to build your houf-e with a south expos ire to the Tens. Give your birds approximately about fire qua re feet ef door space rnd th'rty cubic feet of air space per fowl. Ti e s'yle of architecture whie'i you vse is rot a material considera tion 1f the three cardinal principles ft S ieceisful o'.iltry bousing an' well understood. Tl e.-se are. flr.,t. Adequate l.ighi: second, Proper Temperature third. fo Ventilation. 1 UT t—Plenty of sunlight is highly ,-entii.l to the best health of th fowls an 1 an abundance of this should to the best, health of the fowls. At the experiment station we have found that a temperature of about 40 deg. Fahr. during the day give the bent re subs, while at night it is allowed to Irop to the freezing point. The tem perature of the house is largely adjust ed by 'ans of the windows, the reg ular ventilators proving inadequate tor the purpose. "Ventilation—Fresh air is more im portant than warmth in the poultry house. Warm, Ill-ventilated houses produce enervation in the fowls and a consequent la k of egg production. No system of ventilition will be found sai i-'factrry in a frost proof hen house if oat the use of the windows as an The windows fhoul be so con tint t':ey cm be easily open i ".si e ia'ly during sunny days or *i•' miller nights of winter. Co! 1 i ii smusr be avoided, however. The 000 more than the wheat crop and use cf a cio:h frame curtain will pre over three times the value of the total vent troul le of this sort, and on the dairy products during the same year. To give you mmicihin of an Iden of the magnitude of the poultry inter ests in the I'nited States, it has been estimated that it wout& take a freight train of ordinary firs l.o mites in length to carry the egg crop of 19«r. Restricting ourselves to our home State, it surprises us to find that a conservative estimate of the farm value of eggs and poultry during the year 1 '.•05 was over S2.000.»0i». This sum is sufficient!-/ larse to pay one fourth of the yearly farm help bill of North Dakota. "In discussing profit in poultry farming. I wish to confine myself to the problem of egg production. While the sale of market poultry assists station i-o. Itry plant we have found this n splendid adjunct to our system of ventllrH'oa. Either muslin, burlap or ducking may be use I for this pur I ose. We use a ta:i ounce duck cloth rnd o far lis winter the windows ve teen 1 e :t open both day and niiht. The windows are arranged in piirs. two windows to each pen, and the cloth frame is placed on each al terrate wind,ow. Some of the sunlight has le=n shut off, but it has given Letter ventilation and a house fr^ from dampness and uisagresable odors. Of there tfcive factors which the poultry run nn ,t to a ce t.iin e:: tent tontrj\ viz., Light, Temperature and Ventilation, the problem of fresh air is :he most vexing. Tiie use of very materially in adding to the in cloth curtains and an intelligent man come of the poultryman. yet the lim ateu ent of the windows is the best Ited time I am allowed to speak for- solution yet offered. bids any discussion of this particular Feeding Laying Hens. phase of the subject. The poultry fancier also has his legitimate field of work and should receive eneotir-' •gement, and I hope ilia* no farmer will go away from this convention without first visiting the poultry show held in the building across the street.1 In my discussion, therefore. I will leave out of consideration the grow ing of marketable poultry and raising fowls for exhibition ami breeding pur Held of egg production. That there is room for improvement in increased egg yields.among the poultry flocks of North Dakota cannot be questioned. The average North Dakota hen lays about sixty eggs a year. A knowl edge of the means to increase that yearly average should be the aim ot every poultry raiser. This past year the poorest laying hen in a pen of twenty birds at the North Dakota Ex periment station laid seventy-thiv eggs in 3tJ.j consecutive days. The lien with the highest record in the came pen had 214 eggs to her credit. This the end "Tin re re three general classes of foods which fowls should have if the best results are to be obtained. Taese i are. tirst. grain feeds second, animal food, and third, green food. I "Grain Feeds—All of the well known I cereals with t'he possible exception of flax make good feeds fer poultry Wheat is probably the best single i grain feed, leaving cost out of con sideration, we have, as it contains the nutrients in a better balanced form than the other grains. In wheat rais ing districts it can well form one-half the daily ration of hens. Corn is next in value and importance as a food for 1 poultry. It is a cheaper feed than wheat, tut it is too fattening unless I fed with some care. It should be ground or cracked for chicks but can i %vhole to older birds. Fowls do i: take readily to oats but it makes is ry de?irable food if fed as a sup- 1 plement to corn. Barley is not as pal atable grain for hens as the grains we i have just mentioned, but when ground i ood food for all classes of 'it' i:..-ii Foods—AH fowls crave an ijnal loo I of some sort and it must be used to supplement the grain ration if good result sare to be expected. There are several forms in which this may be supp'ied. The commercial article called %eef scraps and green I cut bone are in most common use. While green cut one Is probably su perior to beef scraps for actual feed ittg is concerned, yet the dittculty of I securing it, the labor involved in cut ting the bone and the fact that it i spoils easily does not make it a very I satisfactory fee I. Skim milk is an i excellent piotein food and can be fed with profit. Kitchen scraps are also a good source of animal food and should be saved Mid fed to the hens. The average flock of laying hens is fed too little animal food, and while it may seem an expensive policy to jjurch se the commercial article, yet i It will pay in dollars and cents, if used i in a judicious manner. "Gr en Feels—Under ordinary farm I conditions liens lay best during the Kprinw months when they have tree ran- e and ple: ty of green food. The I poultry!- e -per should aim to surround them with summer conditions as far i as possible in the winter months. '•While i erh ps he cannot allow them irte vrge he may at least supply in limited quantity's the green food v. hicli the en raves and which it must have if the best results are ob i tained. Clipped lawn grass or short cut alfalfa, steamed and fed alone or with a mash wi 1 be found very satis ry. Any of the vegetables, such s cabbage, it.mips, beets or man _i olds, fowls will eat with great relish, B-v ,1' be supplied. One square foot of win- poulirynian can duplicate in a meas^ dow- i.ht to len square feet of f.oor i »re summer conditions for hts flock of space is a safe rule to follow. Sun- fowls. light seems to act as a tonic to fowls i "l!ow to Feed—The plan of feeding In winter quarters and proves a great laying hens on the station poultry btimulsnt to the production of eggs. pH'nt is substantially as follows: In "Temperature—A wide variation in the temperature of the poultry house should be avoided. On sunny days the temperature will rise quite markedly and this is likely to prove detrimental Oss Pleaded Guilty. Ole Oss appeared before Justice Flint at l.idgerwood and changed his plea to guilty and was fined the costs, amounting to $7. Mr. Oss says he only 41d this because his wife is still very til and he waivtt! to .ivoid trouble, lie was charged with violating ordinance No. IS—assault and battery on the person of George Karls. who had been previously fined for whipping Oss' sou. Mr. Oss Insists that he never struck Kails "h.'ral use of green food t.ie the morning whole wheat is fed in the deep iitter on the lloor of the peps at noon a mixture consisting of one part eac'i of bran, shorts or middlings, corn meal, linseed meal and beef scraps is Ran a Funeral Train. A si ecial funeral train was run to Devil's Lake from Webster for the purpose of carrying the remains of the late Albert Swenson and a large number of friends of the deceased to attend the funeral, which took place at Tevils Lake. The Masonic fraternl ty took charge of the remains, and the funeral was conducted from the Masonic hall. Despite the snow storm there was a large attendance. fed In the form of a mash. The green food, which hag previously been steamed with hot water, is mixed with the mash and also fed. At night the feed consists of oats and corn fed In the j.en litter as in the morning. How Much to Feed—No absolute rule can be laid down as to th%amount of feed to give laying hens. A plan which has been very satisfactory with the station Hock is to feed one pint of wheat to each pen of twenty hens in the morning and one pint of oats with all the corn on the cob they will eat for the evening feed. At noon they are given all the ma^h they will eat up clean. As the gruin is meas tired out to them and the amount Is therefore somewhat arbitrary, the birds are allowed to eat up all they wi.nt of the mash. The mash thus acts as a cu'ator on th-.* appetite of tl:e birds. The fowls are forced to scratch for the grain feeds thus givins them the needed exercise, which is conducive to an active existence. Good judgment on the part of the fesder :rn!«--f be used at all times. Selection of Stcck. Tre"d selection—No one hreo i of fowls can be recommended as best for North Dakota or any particular local ity v.ithin the ft-.to. And yet. I be lieve. that the mo profitable farni?rs' fowl is one of the general purpose type o a o w a o i n e s o e e t:vd meat producing qualities. The se left'on of in" of the varieties of th" Plymouth Fcck. Wyandotte or Rhode Island Red breeds will b? found satis factory. As to thoire of th? particu lar variety within the hr^ed, inlivi 1 nal tastes differ, but whether the birds hail e Mc k or white, solid co'.or sd or ja tic.Io e.1. is net a material con sideration frrm the standpoint of eco noir.fcnl production. 'Ccl-vtcn of Breeding Stock—Tht coni~cn prrctice, as followed in th3 avcr ce frr.ry.rd. of usin^ the entire fo k :s 1,reeling stock has little to comr. end it. Eggs from all cf th? Lird-, rood rnd poor alike, are used fcr a'ching purposes. T.ie logical re Eu't cf this practic? is that you bring the f/.e, we'ght, health and stamina of tr.e iro?eny down to a level with ti e average specimen of your flock. As far as Improvement in the flock is concerred you remain either at a staiuUt'll or else deterioration takes pla'e. l'se no undersized, immature or rnything but the most healthy spe.ctiien in the breeding flock. Select a breed that suits you and above all don't mix the breeds. If you have a grade flock and do not care to part with it use pure-bred males of some good breed each year and stick to that breed. Be careful of too close In breeding, and to the farmer whose flock runs at large I would advise against the use of cockerels of his own breeding or the use of the same males two years in succession. If these few simple rules are observed you will raise better fowls of greater stamina, better health, larger size and increas ed fecundity. General Management. No flocks of fowls will care for themselves and produce a profit. The personal equation enters largely into the poultry business ami much of the success of the poultryman depends on care and attention to details. A de votion to all phases of t.ie work is essential to the best success. Piuictu ality as regards the time of feeding keeping the house properly ventilated i and thus having the walls and ceilings dry at. all times observing a rigid cleanliness in the pens by placing dropping boards under the roosts: using ashes or sand on the dropping board, thus absorbing all disagree able odors so detrimental to the health of closely housed fowls tnese are some of the essential features of successful poultry raising. An inva sion of parasites, such as lice or mitea must be continually guarded against.. If dust baths are provided and ordi nary c'eanliness observed the healthy hen will keep rid of body lice. A yearly application of germicide on the whole interior of the house with an occasional one of kerosene on the roosts and nests are excellent prevent ives against lice and mites, in the carrying out of all of these details the paramount object of the caretaker should be to .strive for the best health and comfort of his fowls. They will surely repay him in an overflowing egg basket. I The rearing of poultry in North Drkota is a comparatively new in- 1 dustry in a new tate. If it keeps pace with the o'her industries of the state It will need a wider dissemination of Ihe knowledge of better housing, bet i ter feeding, be iter stock and better management. The North Dakota State Poultry association and the farm pa pers are doing a notable work in ed ucr.ting their patrons and readers on more etfclent methods and practices in growing poultry. Your own Agri cultural College and Experiment sta I tion stands ready at all times to do what it ran in the furtherance of the poultry interests of the state. As far ns it lies in our power to do so, any information or aid will be cheerfully i given. I trust that In this short au 5 dress you have managed to grasp an idea of the Importance of this wida spread industry. 'The need for better. more workable methods is clea-'v gp I parent." The proposition to build an opera house at Kllendale is meeting with en couraging responses from the people. All V.lit $2,000 of the sum required has been subscribed. A board of direct ors has been selected and the organ Izaiion will incorporate under the name of the Ellendale Commercial club. A Mosonie lodge has been organ ized at Sarles and the first meeting under the charter has been held. F. A. Plummer is worshipful master. Mrs. C. W. SHE WILL VISIT WILD COUNTRY For the purixise of studying at close range the practically unknown bird and animal life which exists in the dense forests of tropical South Ameri ca, C. William P.eebe. curator of birds in the Bronx Zoological Gardens, New York and his wife, who Is also a naturalist and who has accompanied her husband on previous excursions into little known lands, have started on a new expedition which it is ex pected will result in most important contributions to existing scientific knowledge. The thick jungle In the forest of British Guiana, which comparatively few white men have penetrated, will be the objective of the two travelers. To reach this Mr. and Mrs. Be?be will be obliged to ascend for a considerable distance the Kssequibo'river, one'of the largest and at the same time one of the least known of the large rivers of Northern South America. With the exception of one English man, v.-ho went up the river In 1840, shooting right and left and collecting the skins of the strange animals he met with there, no scientist has ever really explored the Essequlbo, end its upper branches particularly, which teem with wonderful tropical life of all kinds, are virtually unknown. It is to learn something of these marvels of uature. as exemplified in the life of the birds, animals, end reptiles of these dense South American forest sections, that Mr. and Mrs. Beebe are about to undertake their Journey. Taking passage aboard the steam ship Korona. of the Quebec line, they will go directly to Georgetown, the principal city of British Guiana, where they will secure the permission of the governor to go into the interior. Thcdr next step will he to engage a negro cook and four South American Indian guides familiar with tJie Essequibo jungle. These Indians are numerous in British Guiana and, although most of them are in more or less of a wild state, amd use poisoned arrows, they ire perfectly friendly to white men and make very acceptabie guides. The ascent of the Ess«qulbo will be made by the two naturalists and ex plored in a sort of canor-like house or tent boat. This they have already practically engaged. It will bf about five feet wide and from twenty to twenty-five feet in length. At night Mr. and Mrs. Beebe will sleep aboard this narrow craft, while their cook and the Indians will make themselves com fortable ashore In hammocks swung from the trees. The little expedition will also be equipped with a small ca noe for paddling up into creeks ami other small streams. It is Mr. Beebe's intention to spend About a month In the Essequibo conn try. He has not yet formed any def finite plan as to just how far up the i little known river he and his wife will venture, but will be governed, he says, entirely by circumstances as he finds them when the actual journey into the interior is begun. "If we find a place suitable for mak ing our observations and study within a comparatively short distance of the coast." said he, "we may stop there and spend practically our whole time in that vicinity. Again, we may go a considerable way up the Essequibo." Both because of the lack of time and because of the fact that there are many dangerous rapids in the upper river which would necessitate their carrying their boats around them, Mr. Beebe said he hoped to find a locality adapted to his purpose further down stream. The character of British Touching and Classical. A reader sends us a touching little classical poem for which he offers apologies to the Latiri grammar Just why he should feel apologetic the lines bear auipie witness: "Ihghtibus. outibus In parlorum. Bovibus kissibus sweeti girlorum Dadilius heuvilius lonJi smackomm. Comituis (jiiickibus with a cluborimi Bovibus gettibus hard! spankorum, I-andibus nextibus outside doorurn, Gottibus upilms with a limporum, Swearibus kissUus girli romorus." —Clevelan Pi«*r Dealer. Beebe Will Accompany Her Husband in Studying Little known Regions of British Guiana. Guiana was such, the forests approach ing close to the settlements along the coast, he added, that he believed h» would be able to find almost if not quite as great a variety of bird and an imal life a few hundred miles up the river as would be found nearer the Essequibo's source. "Our object in making this trip into the South American forest," said Mr. Beebe, "will be to study the birds and animals in their living state in their native environment. We may bring home a few live birds, but that will be i merely incidental to our main purpose, i which will me to study the habits of the living things we shall find in this wonderful tropical country. "Collecting has been done to death, but comparatively little progress has been made toward studying the life and habits of the birds and other re markab'.e living things which exist in this part of South America. "We shall try to get what light we can on such problems as those of why certain birds have certain colorings and why the toucans have big bills, all I of which has been a question of evolu tion." Mr. Beebe declared he does not con sider that he will be incurring any thing worth speaking of in making his expedition. "If there was any danger, I wonldn't be very likely to take my wife with me." said he. The two naturalists probably will return to New "York in about, two months. THE AUT hp GARGLING. Not the Same "t ,.i. as the Process Usually Followed. The proper method of gargling is thus described by a writer In the Med ical Record: "The patient (at first under the guid ance cf the physician) should sit well back in a chair, take a swallow of water in the mouth and bend the head as far back as possible. "Now he must protrude the tongue from the mouth (the tip of the tongue miy be grasped with a handkerchief) and in this posture with protruding tongue he must try to swallow the water. The physician should control the patient's vain efforts—for it is im jjosslble to swallow under such condi tions. "The patient has the sensation as if he actually had swallowed the water. Now he must start to gargle, to ex bale air slowly. One can see plainly the bubbling of the fluid to the wide open phar\nx. After gargling thus for awhile the patient is ordered to close ihe mouth and quickly throw head and body for-' 3* •telMIIIIIIIIIMlllim 'M»'i"nniiniiiiiTmi!»r«intliiiliiiiuMmMBJ,......,u: ^...r'ni ii. MRS. CHARLES WILLIAM BEEBE. ward. Thereby all the ftuM is forced through the choanoe and nostrils, washing the throat and nose from be hind and expelling all the accumula tions that had been present, with great force. "This should be repeated several times, as the first trial is not always successful and satisfactory. It Is an act that must be learned. "When properly executed the sensa tion, as the patient will assure you. is that of great relief not had by any oth er method. It will be wise for the practitioner to try the method first on himself. Kven small children who are at all clever learn the method readily and rather enjoy it. "The method is not by and means a new one. but as it seems, quite forgot ten. Some thirty years ago Pror. Ha gen of Leipsic taught it to his stu dents. It is well worth reviving." An Approval of the Idle. "rcvpry ooay snouia De mane to worn In this life," remarked the political economist. 'I don't ajr^p with you," answered Miss Cayenne "tliere are too many people who, wlien they try to work, merely succeed iri getting in the way." —Washington Star. Simple Enough. "What constitutes a state?" "A governor, two senators, a pro rata of congressmen and a long string of minor offices." A WELL MAN, AT 8f» The Interesting Experience of Old iettler of Virginia. Daniel S. Queen, Burrell Street. Salem, Va., Bay*: "Years ago while lifting a heavy weight a suddej. pain shot through niy back and afte: that I was in con stant misery from kidney trouble. Onn spell kept me in bed six weeks. My arm and legs were stilT and I was helpless as a child. The urine was discolored and though used one remedy after another, I wa. not helped until I used Doan's Kidney Pills, and I was so bad then that th* first box made only a slight change To-day. however, I am a well man, at 81, and I owe my life and health to the use of Doan's Kidney Pills." Sold by all dealers. 50 cents a box Foster-Milburn Co., Buffalo, N. Y. Between a full moon and a full man there is a difference of several thou -and miles. It Cures While You Walk. Allen's Koot-Kase is a certain cure for hot, sweating, callous, and swollen, aching feet. .Sold by all Druggists. Price Don'? accept any substitute. Trial parka^c" KltH+1 \ddress Allen S. Ohnstcd, Le Koy, N. Y When some w omen cast their breac1 upon the water it comes back in tho guise of bread pudding. OKLT ONK "HKOMO (JPINUtE" That Is LAXATIVE HKOMo OflNINK. look for the tiniiature of IE. W GrtOVk. L'mhI tbe World orei to Cure a Cold in Use Iiajr. 26c. A man isn't as anxious to be rlsrht as he is to feave others think that to is right. THREE CURES OF ECZEMA. Woman Tells of Her Brother's TerribU Suffering—Two Babies Also Ctlffd —Cuticura Invaluable. "My brother had eczema three dif ferent sumii'ers Each summer i'_ came sut between his shoulders and down his hack, and he said his suffering was terrible. When it came on the third summer, ho bought a box of Cuticura Ointment and gave it a faith ful trial. Soon he began to feel better and he cured himself entirely of ec zema with Cuticura. A lady in In dtana hej^rd of how my daughter. Mrs. Miller, had cured her little son of terrible eczema by the Cuticura Remedies. This lady's little one hail the eczema so badly that they thought they would lose it. She used Cuti cura Remedies and they cured hei child entirely, and the disease nevei came back. Mrs. Sarah E. Lusk, Cold water, Mich., Aug. 15 and Sept. 2, 1907.' Naming Boyst "Whatever you do. never name i boy after yourself," was a sayin of Uncle I^afe Hume of Columbii and it is a wise conclusion for mor reasons than one. In after years the father and so are referred to as "Bis John," o "Ragged .John," "Little .lohn So an So" or "Old Tom and Young Tom. and "Big Dick," 'Little Peel Head and the like. In the family th youngster is generally called brotl er," "babe," "buss." "Dock Cud" or "Maunch," and the like, while the ol gentleman is dubbed "the old man,' or "dad." "pap" or "paw." Just as well give your boy a nickname at th sti.rt as to name him after yourself Selling Flour In West Africa. The method of doing business is sell the goods on credit to the women who are the principal traders of tb« country, and who in turn resell it In smaller quantities. For instance, the woman trader will come along an i purchase one barrel or ten barrels of flour. This will be taken to her hu' where she will peddle out the flour i i smaller quantities, her principal cu! tomors being the native bakers, who are also women. The principal foods ®f the country are native corn, sweet potatoes, yams, plantains and bananas. It is through the education of the trader that thes« West Africans are coming to use an appreciate commodities which are the necessities of life in this country. THE DOCTOR'S GIFT. Food Worth Its Weight in GoW. We usually expect the doctor to put us on some kind of penance and give us bitter medicines. A Penn. doctor brought a patient something entirely different and the results are truly interesting. "Two years ago," writes this pa tient, was a frequent victim of acute indigestion and biliousness, be ing allowed to eat very few things. One day our family doctor brought me a small package, saying he had found something for me to eat. at last. "He said it was a food called Grap» Nuts, and even as its golden color might suggest, It was worth its weight In gold. I was sick and tired, trying one thing after another to no avail, but at last consented to try this new food. "Well! it surpassed my doctor» fondest anticipation and every day since then I have blessed the good doctor and the Inventor of Grape Nuts. "I noticed improvement at once and in a month's time my former spells o indigestion had disappeared. In months I felt like a new man brain was much clearer and keener, my body took on the vitality of youth and this condition has continued "There's a Reason." Name given Postum Co., Battle Creek, Mich. Re "The Road to WellTille," in