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In the usual curt yet polite manner of German officers, the captain intro duced me to three naval experts. One was a construction officer, another in the signaling department, the third an '. expert on explosives and mines. One at a time they took me In hand, groom ing me in the Intricacies of their re spective fields. It was like a rehearsal in the grooming I had received years .ago when taken into the service and todned tor months. I sat for hours over diagrams with a naval officer on each side. They brought me before 'charts that wereas big as the wall of •the room. These charts gave the ex act dimension* and type of every ves sel in the British navy. Not only that, 1 1 Moreover, I had to brush myself up 4 in topography and trigonometry. In England—so I learned from my in «tructlon»—It would be necessary to calculate distances, to take observa tions on the exact nature of the newly reconstructed Eossyth base near Edin burgh oa the FMk of Forth besides keeping in touch with things in Cro marty. I was to watch especially the new •Rossyth base and to report progress on armaments, new equipment, any thing of use to the German admiralty. ?I was to keep tab on all the British fleet maneuvers then in progress on -the Scottish coast. 'i When I left Berlin I was thoroughly Vt equipped to carry out instructions. Every war vessel of the Britich navy, every fortification, naval base and de pot of supplies was coded In secret •v service ciphers. I arrived in Edinburgh and put up at the old Bedford hotel on Prin cess street quiet select Scottish hos telry. I registered under my quasi correct name of A. K. Graves, M. D., Revelations of the Kaiser's Personal Spy By Dr. Armgaard Karl My Mission and Betrayal in England. November 18, 1911, I received the usual summons to report at the Wil helmBtrasse. Instead of being brought before Count von Wedel, I wu taken over to Koenlggratserstrasse 70, to the German admiralty Intelligence de partment. Here I met my old chief, Captain Tappken, head of the naval branch of the intelligence department. The captain briefly informed me that It had been deemed advisable to send ue to England—unwelcome news, this, as yon will see. I was made to study the silhouette of all the new and different types of EngHsh warships—why, you will see. Obviously this special training was significant. Part of my mission to England was to watch the prepara tiont and maneuvers of British war ships at the naval bases on the Scot tish coast A Strained Situation. The situation between England and Germany was ticklish. Politicians had worked up a war scare to such a pitch that the people of the two na- dons were ready to rush into conflict. Only a spark waB needed to fire the situation. Hence my mission. It was included in my instructions to watch the movements of British warships oil the Scottish coast and "promptly cable the German, admiralty intelligence department concerning them. Tare, Australia. My "stunt" was to convey the Impression of being an Australian physician taking additional post-graduate courses at the famous Scottish seat ef medical learning. Aft er few days' residence at the Bed ford, I installed myself in private quarters at a Mrs. Macieod's, 23 Craig lea drive, Edinburgh. For the first fortnight I quietly took my bearings, creating a sugges tion that I was a aeml-invalld." Having by this ttaie famffcarised myself with Edinburgh and surroundings, I made frequent trips to the Firth of Forth upon which was located the Rossyth base. Now, across the Firth there is a long bridge. It Is between the Rossyth base and the North sea. War strips coins to art from the naval sta tien pass under it GradnaBy I worked myself Into, the confidence of one of the bridge keep «rs. I shall not give the man's name, '/idr to do sb wouMlnjure him, and quite unwittingly he gsve me facili ties tor studying the naval base and me with scraps of informa tion that 1 wanted to know The schooling I had received In the ». silhouettes presently came in handy. om night my friend, the bridge tend «r, learned (tat the fleet wss getting up steam. Accordingly, I stood on -(-the bridge that night and waited. At Ave o'clock In the morning a gray, rainy, foggy ssorning, through which the ships moved almost ghost-like, I made out 1C war vessels. From their .. silhouettes, I knew them to be dread naughts, cruisers, and torpedo boat Destroyers. At once I filed a cable hy way of Brussels, informing the (n V^teUlgence department of the German inavy that an English fleet 16 strong had put to sea. Subsequently, I learned that la describing the 16 ships 1 had made only one mistake. A a 1 a Ir "snWous of being followed. Ar» ji, Graves WLo, fbr« Number of Years Prior to His Arrest and Betrayal in England in 1912, was Emperor William's Most Trusted Personal Spy. (Copfddu. 10(4. hv Mm Whsslar Syadiesla, laej riving home one night I noticed my dress suit was arranged In a dif ferent way to what I had left it I called my landlady and casually In quired if my tailor had been there. She said, "No, Doctor." "Well," I replied, "what reason have you then to rearrange my clothes?" Her face reddened and she seemed flustered. "I wasn't in your room," she 'fal tered. "I remember now. I believe the tailor was here. One of the servants let him in." I made It my business to go around to my tailor's within an hour's time and he contradicted her story. He bad not been at the house. I recognized it as an occasion where I had to make a right royal bluff. I went at once to police headquarters in Edinburgh. I asked for Chief Con stable Ross, and sent in my card bear ing Dr. A. K. Graves, "uro, S. Austra lia. Presently I was- shown into the chiefs room and was received by a typical Scottish gentleman. I opened fire in this way: "Have you any reason to believe that I am a German spy?" I saw that it had knocked him off his pins. "Why, no," he said, startled. "I don't know anything at all about it" "It's not by your orders, then, that I am followed?" "Certainly not," be replied. He bowed me out. Of course. 1 knew I still would be shadowed, which I did not mind in the least A Wrongly Addressed tetter. About a week after my experience with Constable Ross, I received infor mation that William Beardmore & Co., of Glasgow, were constructing some new 14-inch guns for the British gov ernment That meant a change of base. I at once made it my business to go to Glasgow and get particulars. I in stalled myself in the Central station hotel, and In a few weeks gained all the information I wanted. While in Glasgow I~ received letters addressed to me as James Stafford. I received two such letters, and upon calling at the General Post Office for a third, I was informed that there was a letter for A. Stafford. "Oh, yes,.that is my letter," I said. $he clerit demuh*ed~and replied: "You asked for James Stafford. Un der those circumstances I cannot hand you this letter. It Is against the postal law." Not being in a position to raise a question, I let It go at that, never for a moment thinking that my employers would be so culpably careless as to put any incriminating evidence In the mail. Events proved that that is just what they did. Moreover, I later came to know why that particular -letter was addressed not to James but to A! Stafford. All my previous letters were addressed to me as Dr. A. K. Graves and were enclosed In the business en velope of a well-known chemical firm of Snow Hill, London, E. C.—which paper had been fabricated for the pur pose. Of course, the letters were sent from the continent to London and there reposted. When I left Edinburgh -to find out about the 14-inch guns, I gave our people in London instructions to use plain envelopes and to address them to James Stafford, G. P. O., Glasgow. The first two letters were addressed correctly and plain envelopes were used. The third was not only mis addressed, but was enclosed in one of the Chemical company's envelopes— this, as I later learned, for a reasoa No one having called for It the let ter was returned to the chemical com pany. At their office it was opened and found to contain a typewritten letter In German language and five ten-pound notes on the Bank of Eng land. The contents of the letter was such as to lead the firm to call in the police. "There's a Gentleman Down 8talrs to 8ee You." On the evening of April 14, I had just put on my evening clothes sad gone to the upstairs writing-room.' was awaiting a party of gentlemen who were coming to dlnewith me In the hotel. There came a "buttons" who announced: "There's a gentleman downstairs to se you. Doctor." A premonition stole over me. I knew that my guests would not have sent for me to come down hut would have been announced. I realised that if I was going to he caught then was no'avoiding It Secret-service mikes'« man a fatalist I had hardly reached the last step of the grand stairway when tour big plain-clothes men pounced upon me. More tor the fun of It than anything else, 1 guess, I got on my horse aad demanded to know what was the mat ter. "You'll soon know." Inspector French declared. The 8earch—and Prison. He then ordered his men to search me and seemed amased when they couldn't find any six shooters, daggers or bombs. 1 was taken back to my V" I room and there he began going through my effects and| bundling them up. city prison, and was taken the next day before a magistrate and formally committed to a sheriff's court On July 12 my case came up before the sheriff's court Waiving preliminary examination, I was committed for trial to the Ktotaburgh high eourt It Is significant that the extreme length of a committal without trial under British law Is 105 calendar days, which 106 days up to the last minute I cer tainly waited. They were trying to find out my antecedents, but they did not succeed. A letter from the Lord Provost In formed me that all material for my defense should be In his hands a day before the trial. I had no defense. I neither denied nor admitted anything. I replied to his i^minhip that as I was unaware of any offense there was no need of any defease. My attitude was a profound puzzle—which was as I wanted. Scotland's "Moft Sensational Court Procedure.?/. If yen care to look- over, the back files of the English and Scottish news papers «f the time, you will read that my: triad was "the moBt sensational $ourt procedure ever held in a Scottish court of. justice." Now 1 shall reveal every circum stance of it. For the first tftne I shall explain how, why and by whom I was secretly released. Until I revealed my self in the United States, even the German foreign office thought me in jail. Agaipst me the crown had sum moned 45 witnesses. They included admirals, colonels, captains, military and naval experts, post office officials I cannot recall aH. The press from all parts of Europe—for all Europe was vitally concerned in this trial—was represented. Presiding was the Lord Justice of Scotland, himself no mean expert in military matters. The Solicitor Gen eral of Scotland, A. M. Anderson, who prosecuted for the crown,' was sup ported by G. 'Morton, Advocate Depu ty. The government had indeed an imposing array of bewigged,/* black gowned, legal notables marshaled against me. A Word to an Admiral. On the first day I waived examina tion on all witnesses except the naval and military experts. I directed my fire -against Rear Admiral T. B. Strat um-Adair,- who superintended Jhe' ord nance factories of the Beardmore Gun works in Glasgow. The admiral was called it) on. testi mony concerning the new 14-inch gun. The point' they were'trying-to estab lish was that it was -impossible for a man to Have my knowfedge of these guns unless he had Obtained' it first hand from the 'works In Glasgow. Of course, that brought the testimony into technicalities. I managed to in volve the admiral in a heated altei tion on the trajectoty and' $enetri^ "power at the so-much disputed 14-inch gun..,. I maintained that my knowledge of guns was such that I did not need to spy .St Beardmore to obtain the Hiinga I "knew. The secopd day of the trlaTbrought the Chetaical company letter into the testimony—the letter that had been refused me and had in turn gone back to!th£ Qkemical company. Very grave ly Sir A. M. Anderson, Crown Prosecu tor, read the contents of this letter aloud. As I recall tip exact wording it was':. **We arepteased.to learn your suc cessful .'negotiations' of the business at hand Be pleased to send us an early sample. As regards the other matter in hand I do not know how useful it will be to us. In any case my firm is not willing to pay you more than 100 In this case." It was unsigned. What the tetter Really Meant While reading, the prosecutor held the five ten-pound notes In his hand. Upon finishing he began a vigorous in dictment which in substance he de claimed in this way: "On the teoe of It the letter does not seem suspicious. But If you gen tlemen will recall the times of Prince Charles' insurrections, periods when ever Intrigues were going on, you will remember that in communications of this sort a government was always re ferred to a*a 'firm.' If this was an honest-business letter why was it en closed in the envelope stationery of a company that knew nothing about it? Why was tills letter unsigned? Why was cash Inclosed with It? What was his firm willing to pay 100 pounds for? Gentlemen, the reasons for all those things are obvious." Bat die letter puszled not only the oomt, the Jury, the newspapers, but all England. For the first time I tfow e*tIato it: It was from the German govern ment By the "business at hand" they meant a new explosive and slow burning powder that was to be used la the new type of 144nch turret p1"" being made in Glasgow. Some of that explosive was In my possession. The fact that It was not discovered in my effects, nor was anything else incrim inating found on me. Is because the secret agent who knows his business leases nothing about but he "plants" things, that Is to say, leaves them in a safe deposit vault with the key in the hands of a person with power of attorney. By the "sample" In the letter wss meaata sample of the explosive. The "other business at hand" spoken of was of tremendous importance, more vital to the safeguards of Britain than the other points mentioned in the let ter. There were sub-agents working at Cromarty. I did not know who they t" -"-a. V*°J.* V", were ey simply made their reports to me, signing their German secret I spent the night In the Glasgow^ service number. I took ud their Mint* 71* B«^ln Well, the "other business in hand was to put certain British army officers under a monthly retain ing fee of £100 for which in the event to® was to commit an act of unspeakable treason and treachery on a certain harbor defense. Caught! I had judged my jurymen right for they were very little Impressed by this letter. It was all too vague and even the fluent language of a Crown Prose cutor does not impress a hard-headed Scotchman. I was feeling In high spirits indeed, when I saw one of the attendants approach Sir A. M. Ander son and deliver a document that had been handed Into court. I at once recog nized it and my heart dropped into my shoes. The Solicitor General read the document and smiled. I knew they had me. In addressing the court the Solicitor General producedUwo pieces of thin paper—the same that had been brought in on the previous afternoon. "I have got to show the court" he said impressively, "the most dead ly code ever prepared against the safe guards of Great Britain." And it certainly was. It contained the name of every vessel In,the British navy, every naval base, fortification apd strategic point, in Great Britain. There were over ten thousand names and opposite each was written a num ber. For example, the dreadnaught Queen Mary was number 813. Using a magnifying glass I had writ ten in tiny characters my code. There were so many names it was impossible to memorize them all. Two opposite sheets of the little memorandum book were used, then the edges of the pages Were pasted together. Whenever I learned the British warships were go ing to put to sea, I slipped .the book in my pocket, went to a position of vantage where I could make out the silhouettes of the warships, classified them in my mind, and then writing out a cable put down the code num bers, say in this way: 214, 69, 700,. 910, 21—(Necessary words were filled In by the A. B. C. code.) This message was sent by way of Brussels or Paris to the Intelligence department of the German Admiralty in Berlin and told them what warships were putting to sea or arriving at Rossyth. The.Puzzle of.the 8entence. The accidental finding of the code of course settled all further argument. I ealled no witness for the defense ex cept two or three personal acquaint ances, to each of whom I put this queS' tlon: "What is your knowledge of my attitude as regards England?" They all.declared.'that even if I was a spy in .the pay of any foreign gov ernment,.! certainly had never shown any personal feeling or animosity AU of which I figured might aid the cadse of clemency. The. jury was not out more than half an hour. I was found guilty of endangering the safe guards of t|te British empire and un der the new law that had been aimed agilnst German spies I was liable to seven years' penal servitude. Even then my spirits were not down. ?, had what Americans call "a hunch.". Just before his Lordship, the Chief Justice, summed up, an aristoeratic, gray-clad Englishman, who never had been in the court room before, ap peared and was courteously, almost impressively, conducted to the bench. I noticed that the Chief Justice bowed to him with unction and they had about two minutes' whicpered conver sation. His Lordship was nodding repeatedly. Tlils worried me. felt I was going to get it good. But in substance, his Lordship's v.efdlct was: "Taking all the circumstances into eonslderation, the court pronounces a sentence of 1JB months' Imprisonment" I smiled and said: "Exit Armgaard Kari Graves.^ A Caller. I was taken first to Carlton Hill jail. Edinburgh, aaijft transferred after two weeks to Barjinney prison near Glas gow. Consuming tile etrnunstanese, I was treated with suijplsliis consider ation. The conditions that had char acterized my trial prevailed la the prison. I soon perceived that the Bar linney prison Ja^tys jirere t^tng to sound in ajHuuiy Scotch way—with1 no result "You're foolish to stay la here— You must have something worth while-rWby don't you get ostf That was ihe gist of their, tgjjks with me from the warder*, up. ltept ny mouth shut. Vi* Now I shall present lnfqnsation that was denied the house eommonh upon the. oopsslon of\fM( :w my case. Into On the fifth week.,of my ment I was taken to the office governor of the prison. As I I saw a slU$t, soldierly llsh gentienwa of the csiuhry type— (a avilry offlcor hfti. cortui man|ir isms that invariably give hlm jngji? to one who knowrt* »The comamf spoke first "Graves, here is a gentleman who wishes to see you." The stranger nodded to the gov ernor and said: "I may be quite a white. You have your instructions." •That's all right, sir," replied the governor. The governor left and we were alone. The stranger rose. Of course, being a prisoner, I had remained standing. Robinson began some casual conver sation. "How are they treating you?" vj If'" /, -4 rf'lMl.lk "I have no complaints to make." "Is the confinement Irksome to -Uin you?" "Naturally." Then suddenly he changed front. Point blank he asked me: "Why Not Work for UsT" "Now, old chap, we know that yqu worked for Germany against us. We also know that you are not a German. Is there any reason why you should not work for ub? Any private rea son?" "Captain," I said, "you of all men ought to know that the betrayal of your employers for a monetary or a liberty reason alone Is never enter tained by a man who has been In my work. We go into it with our eyes open, well knowing the consequences it we are caught. We do not squeal if we are hurt" For a time he looked at me very earnestly. "H-m," he said. "That Juat bears out what we have been able to ascer tain about you. It puzzled us how a man of your ability acted the way you did. From the moment you landed In England, all the time you were doing your work, even after your arrest, in prison and in court you showed a Bort of lIstleBB, almost an indifferent attitude. If 1 may put it this way, you seemed In no wayB keen to go to extremes in any possible missions you might have had." He paused. "We think you could have done more than you did The mildness of your sentence, has it surprised you?" I grinned. "Nothing surprises me. Captain." His manner became very earnest. "Supposing," he said, "we show you that it was a quasi-deliberate Inten tion on the part of your employers to have you caught—what then?" This did not startle me either. I had had an idea of that all along. "Under these circumstances," I said^ "I am open to negotiations. But I am rather deaf and my vision 1b very much obscured as long as I see bars .In front of my window." The captain smiled. "Well, Doctor, I may see you again soon." The Proof I Asked for. I was taken back to my cell. I am frank to admit that I didn't sleep much for the next two or three nights. But as I expected, another week brought Captain Robinson again. This time it was late in the evening after all the prisoners were shut up tight. The lieutenant-governor himself took me into the governor's office. No other warder or prison official ob served us. "Well, Doctor," was the way Rob inson greeted me, "I have something -definite to propose to you. You can be of use to us. You have still sixteen months of your sentence to serve. Are you willing to give these sixteen months of your time to ub—terms to be agreed upon later? I am prepared to supply you with proofs that you were deliberately put away, betrayed -by your employers, the German gov ernment.' He did so to my complete BatlB faction. A» I guessed, I had come to learn so much- of Germany's affairs that I was dangerous. To betray me in su4h a way that I would not suspect and squeal was a clever way to close my mouth for seven years in jail or until vital plans had matured. "How would you suggest that we go about it?" he asked. "To be of the slightest degree of use to you, nobody must know of my re lease/' I added. "Here is my sugges tion. I must leave the execution of it to you. The impression I conveyed around Edinburgh was that my health is rather indifferent So tt is also be lieved here in prison. On these grounds it should he an easy matter for you to have me ostensibly transferred to an other prison Instead of which, have me taken wherever you wish to. I see no necessity that, outside the lieuten ant-governor, the governor and your self, any one need know of it" "Yes, yes," said Robinson. "That co incides with my own ideas and plans." Presently he departed and I went back agate co my cell. Alone and Free. At half-past five the neipt morning, 1 'waS.fWUBed by the lleutenant-gor erauw Ha waa alone. There were no •warder* in sight. In the governor's office I found all. my clothes, and effects ready and MflLput for me. These addressed speft with the lieutenant governor. flR took a taxlcab for the Caledonian station In Glasgow. 9be trip tapondon was uneventful. A{ l!uston station we were met by Captain Robinson. We went into a prime waiting-room where Captain Robinsdn slgnetffa paper .or the lieu tenantrgovernor. lt was what amounted to reoelpt tor the prison's delivery of -me "into Us hapds. Then the-lleu^ tenant-governor l|ft us then Robin son left after^nipding over an en velope containimLjpuh and instruc tions. My first to register at the Russel flfHte hotel. Opening the envelope Jjfclny rooms, I found it contained tep. {pounds and the follow lug inBtruetMis: "Telephonist.10:30 tomorrow morn ing, this nuifker Mayfalr—" I telephonil the Mcyfalr number aad was told to hold the wire. Then Captain Robinson got on the 'phone and told me to meet him at luncheon at one o'clock at the Imperial hotel on Trafalgar Square. There another gentleman joined us—a Mr. Morgan, whom 1 easily judged and afterwards knew to be of the English secret serv ice. Presently Morgan told me that I was to drive with Captair Robinson to Downing street that afternoon. "One of our ministers wishes to sseyos,' We drove to Downing street, Cas Rohinann\aad. !«cand stopped he fore the historic governmental build ing. After we had signed the book that all visitors to "Downing street'' must sign, I was shown Info an'ant e room and Robinson took his leave..JUy name appears on this book as Trenton Sneil, and If the English government challenges a statement that I Bball.Bub* sequently make, let them produce .the 'Downing street" book for the date I shall mention, let them hnve'a hand writing expert compare the name Trenton Snell" with my handwriting. I make this statement, for what fol lowed is of tremendous importance. 8lr Edward Grey. After a twenty-minute wait which impressed me as being different from the slam-Ui-and-slam-out mqthods of tho WilhelmBtraBse, I was ihown up a flight of stairs. The attendant knocked on the doar, opened It and announced, "the gentleman." I was facing Sir Edward Grey. "I presume you are familiar with Germany's naval activity." ''Up (o a certain point, sir." "What point?" he asked quickly. "1 am familiar only with tfci Intel ligence department of the admiralty." I replied. Their system?" he asked. "Is tt so extensive and efficient 'as we havo been led to believed' "That canont be exaggerated." A 8tartled Foreign Minister. At this Sir Edward began. to throw out Innuendoes .to which I're* piled in like vein. The interview was not progressing. Finally ho.came out with what was In his m'nd. Do you know if any officials or ji» val officers are selling or negotiating to Sell information to foreign intelli gence departments?" Although he had not said English officers or officials, 1 knejp. .what be meant, but I made up my mltMt'not to tell everything I knew. "There are such," 1 replied. It bad the effect of making htm look at me In a most startled man ner. "How do you know that? On what grounds do you make that as sertion His agitation was iltaon* cealed. "1 have no specific proof," 1 replied —(which I had)—"but from fnforma tion that has been gained from plane that have been secured—plans like those of your dreadnaughts Queen Mary-and Ajax—it-is obvious that these things have been done with ihe co-operation of high officials of_.your country." He pressed me for further details, but I withheld them. "Were you ever present at confer ences attended by high offlcialsT Were you, for instance, at the Schlan genbad meeting? Have you any data? Any documentary evidence of having been there?" I was not a bit startled. I had guessed it would be that. His **nr question! sjioyed ttytt it was useless for me to'deny that I bad been at the Black Forest conference where Ger many bad tried her hOBt to isolate France by winning over England. Pos-. sibly Churchill, recalling my meeting him during the Boer war, had dropped a word about this coincidence .to his Lordship. Naturally I told him I poBsesrfed no such data. Still, I did not like the trend of his talk. I began to suspect that this British minister was doing one of two things. Either he did not know everything about the Black For* est meeting—(not at all improbable with the conditions existing in Eng land's cabinet at that time)—or else he wanted to learn if I knew the tenor of that conference.. .In either case, it was one of those occasions where 1 deemed it wise to keep my own coun sel. After many searching questions upon the French system and her army and navy, he began to try to lead me to make comparisons between their strength and England's, these being based upon my personal observations. This, and the whole trend of Ms thought led me to suspect .that 8ir Edward Grey was In noways sure he bis own mind of, or favorable to, the proposed Odrman-Bngllsh alUaone. With men like-hie. lordship, personal antipathy plays a powerful part la such, matters. Unsatisfactory Fishing* He then began to try to make ma divulge the contents of any personal dispatches 1 had carried for the Oe man emperor. "Do you know," he asked abruptly. "If the German emperor ever commu nicated with Viscount Haldasef "Yes, sir." He leaned forward eag^ty. "How, and under what circum stances?" "Why, 1 thought it. common knowl edge that they often corresponded They are good friends." "Not that 1 mean direct secret communications between them, ooa ceraing affairs of the state 1 denied any knowledge of Ihl^'al* ttfough l.knew it to be SD. He began fishing around sgaln, aad his hints found me very stopM. My unsatisfactory answers seemed to displease Sir Edward Grey, for with true British discourtesy he ab ruptly began working at something on his desk and without even saying good day, let a commlssaire bow me out A few days later !, received definite instructions from Captain Robinson. 1 was to go on my first mission ia the interests of the British, secret service and subsequently another mis sion brought me to New York, where 1 resigned from servlc^