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miWk f- I 1 i: 5_ ft sj&- v4 *n Iv ?3&. WlMl .,the clergy" and In the Philippines there is added to official corruption the shocking im morality of the European clergy, be longing to all known monastic orders, who encourage abuses of governmental authorities that they may gain im munity from an interference in their nefarious business. Year by year the taxes have been increased and have as sumed proportions out of all reasonable relation to the yield of rice fields and •agar plantations. The people pro tested feebly against new impositions, but as opposition to the government increased the rigor of the rule grew, and hundreds of men and women were deported without trial to the penal col onies of the Caroline and Marianne *, TBB WAR II THE PHILIPPINES Hie Natives Had Good Cause to Revolt—Victims of the Opacity of Their Spanish Masters They Had Been1 vyv. Harried by Corrupt Officials and Clergy. The primary cause of the rebellion 'Whicb. has existed *in the Philippines •otace July, 1896, was the corruption «ad Insatiable greed of Spanish offl -ctals, leading them to extremes of tax ation aad persecution in order to en rich themselves. The first cry of the revolutionists was "Down with the tax which soon was changed to "Down Anally to taxes," which soon was changed to "Down with the Spanish." The gov ernment and ecclesiastical authorities TOer® joined in an unholy alliance to •wring profit from the misery of the na tives. The richer class is made up of foreigners, Germans, Chinese, English men, and a few Americans, who, exact ing a greater tribute from the native agriculturists, pay a less to the gover nor and the host of greedy alcaldes and minor officials. Briefly, these were the causes which led to insurrection in Ctaba as well as the Philippines, and "Which in the end will rob Spain of the two last gems of her colonial crown. "Wherever there was disaffection it was encouraged by republicans and Spanish Carlists, hoping in the end to eerve themselves by weakening the lefngdom. MANILA, &VtB5E |t is POUIISAr P**6CA mCUVf eetoo Places for Nuisances. $ It has long bee*h a notorious fact in "Spain that generals whose influence among the people is becoming too great -tor the entire comfort of the regency «r who are disaffected through the con stant shifting of politics are sent to •Cuba or to the Philippines to make or Temake their fortunes. If they return -to Spain with riches out of all propor tion to the emoluments of their office -nobody commits the indiscretion of asking the source. Their commissions are recognized as letters of marque giv ing them the right to seize upon what «rr they may- There are rpany and Celebrated Instances of this condition •of things, including General T^eyler, •General Blainco, and^ General* Riviera. Stin riWe.e^raordinary tfaan th| apa thy or'Spaln' to ttois legalfzing of cor rnptljm Is the fact that the colonies regard witir terror every change of ministry, Knowing that it means a change bf l^ernor. S^ig|ii|^^ a^ot^, «r swooping down-of'Wrns* of prejl? whose ravenous appetites must be a» /tnaged. The hatred of coloniSts for "tfce mother.country is made greater all minor offices IT. the island*, «o the clerkships, are given to Mio,, ft.ML/M n.-Mx eu/rn MAP OP THE CENTRAL. PHILIPPINE ISLANDS. "The population in 1S9G was 9,500,009, or twice as large as the Dominion of Can ada. The natural resources are far richer than England's possessions to the north of us.) Islands. Within recent years a means for secret meeting has been given by the introduction of Masonic lodges, which have increased rapidly in num ber and in membership. The clergy brought to bear all of its immense in fluence with authorities both at Madrid and Manila for the suppression of these -organizations, and so severe was the ^persecution of the Free Masons and so -.great became the abuse of the arbi trary power of alcaldes to imprison and deport suspects that the Spanish gov ernment issued a decree declaring that every individual whose culpability was not proved after forty-eight hours' im prisonment should be given his libsrty. aC, j&Mr U: MM favorites of the new ministers, and na tives are never allowed to share in the feast. Moreover, the lands of the re ligious orders steadily increase. The priests and monks possess enormous plantations from which they derive immense revenues. The people are made to pay dearly for sacraments, and the fees exactcd are much greater than in any parish of Europe. The clergy live in luxury, giving themselves up in their isolation not only to every man ner of secular indulgence but to the most atrocious excesses, which in Spain would drive them in disgrace from the church. While these functionaries enjoy free dom from taxation, any native, man and woman, without reference to prop erty income or station, is compelled to pay a fixed tax. An Indian woman without employment and not owning any furniture must pay 10 pesetas. A man must pay 45 pesetas. Defaulting in this payment, he is forced to work for fifteen days on the roads. Every individual whose trade does not exceed the sale of a few betel nuts, a basket of mangoes, or a bunch of bananas, must pay an additional tax, as must also the natives who go from the coun try into Manila to sell nothing more than a chicken or a fish. At one time in every village there were several weavers whose cotton cloths, much prized by the natives, had a ready and remunerative sale. This local indus try has disappeared owing to a royal decree favorable to the manufacturers of Catalonia, which permitted their goods to enter without duty. These manufacturers sent goods of an in ferior quality and extraordinary cheap ness and drove the native workmen out of competition. This was the only industry known in the Philippines, and there remained only the cultivation of the fields. But the native, if owner of a rice plantation or a field of sugar cane, almost always sells his crops standing in the field or plantation at a price which barely pays for the cost of raising to the half-breed Chinese, who in turn sell them to the German, English or American traders at an enormous profit Not satisfied with the tributes of the rich Chinese and foreign houses, the governors impose taxes upon the poor native landholders which take from them Everything they may gain from their crops. The gov ernors are energetic in the collection of these taxes, for they receive a per centage, usually one-fifth, of all the revenues of the colony, in addition to money which the law does not allow but custom never questions. MMoniy Spreads Socialism. Masonic lodges were introduced into the archipelago by socialists driven to Manila after the insurrection of Car tagena.: It is true that these people closed their lodges as soon as the ".'V -T .v:V- ..:: .:£.",.' "•'•'••'."•'••• ,' .'•• i-3."*!'— in Cre oles and half-breeds showed their in tention of Joining them, but the mis chief was aone with the lesson. The natives began to establish societies in all parts of the islands, and in a few years had enrolled 30,000 members. The mysterious and symbolic attracts the imaginations of these people, and the opportunity of secret meeting and dis cission of grievances without fear of betrayal was seized upon enthusiastic ally. it is the custom for anew mem ber to make a gash in his arm, and over the blood he mixes with that of the initiator he swears his allegiance. Each member, therefore, bears a scar *0* jbls'armr(and this mark makes h?m asuspect of (Spanish authorities. It has happened many times that a pris oner has been convicted and shot on no other evidence than this telltale mark. Many women associated themselves in thess orders. Sedition has thus been fostered, free from civil, religious and military authorities, and a regime of liberty roughly formulated. The lodg es are most numerous in Cavite, the principal theater of the rebellion, while in Batangas, Bulacan, and Pampanga there are ten to twenty branches of the order, and at least one In each of the other provinces. Their growing influence and implacable hatred of the clergy was a source of grave apprehen sion to the priests, who petitioned the minister to order General Ramon Blanco, then governor general of the archipelago, now of Cuoa, to put an end to Freemasonry. But General Blanco was not energetic In carrying out this command, being too much oc cupied in a contest against Mohamme danism in Mindanao. The government, again appealed to by the priests, and peculiarly susceptible to this influence, peremptorily ordered Blanco to take the rigorous measure of deporting 400 members of the lodges. This order was the direct cause of the uprising in 1896, which began in Manila, and extended to Cavite, Pam panga, Laguna and Bulacan, but not to other provinces, because of the ancient rivalry of the races, the surest safe guard of Spanish rule. This Is a fac tor in the politics of the islands that the government fully appreciates, to the point, indeed, of encouraging the factional enmities. Before the con quest by Magellan the islands were ruled by warring Sultans, and there still remain vestiges of numerous tribes. Because of his inactivity and appar ent indulgence to the rebels Bianco was denounced in Madrid by religious bod ies. What exasperated the priests most was that he refused to kill Rizal, who was by them proclaimed to be the principal factor in the rebellion. As a matter of fact, however, this does not appear to be true, and no just cause was given for such summary action. The clergy sought revenge upon Rizal above everything else for his denun ciation of them to the people. nizal's Tragic Career. Rizal was a pure-blooded Indian, who was brought up by the Dominicans of Manila. He went to Europe, studied medicine, law, sciences and foreign tongues, and returned to Manila hon ored with the highest, degree of con tinental universities, a Freemason, and the inexorable foe of the corrupt cler gy. He was the author of a novel called "Nolle Me Tangere," in which he showed the despotic, rapacious and de bauched nature of the priests of the country. This book was placed in the Index Expurgatonus and the author's goods confiscated, his brothers deport ed. his aged mother banished, and him self relegated to the Island of Min danao, entirely peopled by Mohamme dans, mortal enemies of Spain. Rizal lived in this exile for several years, until he learned that physicians and surgeons were needed with the troops fighting in Cuba. He offered1 his services to Spain, which accepted them, and he embarked at Manila for Barce lona. When he arrived at the penin sula and was ready to leave for Havana he was arrested, sent back to Manila, summarily tried, and executed. This was the work of Governor Polavieja, who had succeeded Blanco. While Ri zal was on his journey to Spain rebel lion had broken out, and the anger of the authorities against him was arous ed by new charges of perfidjr made by the priests, to whom Polavieja was de voted. The execution of Rizal made the rebellion more furious, and the in surgents sought as much to avenge his death as their wrongs. Rizal to them was the martyred hero of their cause. The first victims of the rebels were the priests. Their monasteries were burn ed, and the hatred for the monks sought extremes of cruelty in its ex pression. Not only the uneducated and super stitious elements of the population took part in the rebellion, but the most prominent native families. Many young men are sent each year to Mid rid and other peninsular cities to be educated, and return to their homes with knowl edge of the freedom of speech and un restricted liberty of the press in Spain ond imbued with republican or c.nar chist ideas, which encourage them to attempt the free expression of their opinions. The result is persecution. Furthermore, a native, no matter how prominent, is never civen a salaried official position, all of which are mono polized by the retainers of different ministries. To all of the wrongs de scribed are to be added the notorious corruption of the judiciary and tile brutality of the police. The people yielded submissively to accumulating injustice for many year3. Tolerance is one of the chief character* istics of the Indian, natives of the Philippines, who greatly resemble their near neighbors, the Japanese. Their uprising two years ago was al most incomprehensible to witnesses of the respect of established authority, submission, and gentleness of habit through years of misrule. .Blancb was deposed by the enmity of the monks, who thought him too tol erant and without the cruel energy they demanded. Polavieja, his succes sor, was taken with fever and returned to Madrid. After him came General Primo de Rivera, and now General Ba silio Augustin Devilio is pent up in Manila by Admiral Dewey's fleet. Dense Population In Rmabtijr, The greatest density' of population in the world is claimed for Bombay, and is only disputed by Agra. The population of Bombay amounts to 760 persons per acre in certaip.areas, and in these sections the street area enly occupies one-fourth of the whole. Repartee In the Zoo. The camel (to the polar bear)—Oh, 1 don't know! You're not so warm. The polar bear—Well, I don't see what you've got you' back up about. ENCLAND AND AMERICA. Qw Friends Acroaa tbo Border on tin War with Spain. The great war now impending has almost as great an interest for Can adians as though they were partici pants in and not mere spectators of tbe struggle, says the Montreal Star. There lias been considerable friction between our neighbors and ourselves, no doubt on account of the very intimacy and freedom of our relations. Brothers are perhaps more apt to quarrel than strangers, but there is seldom any bitterness in their quarrel's, and there is no nation under heaven that we Britons would like to see whip the United States, unless now and then under great provocation we feel as though we would not mind doing it ourselves. In times of peace and prosperity there may be rivalries be tween us there may be occasional international threatening and gibing, because we both have our share of fools, but in times of national trial or misfortune the dominant feeling among Britons is that the two nations are one people. Their blood, their tra ditions, their history in great part, their characteristic virtue and their characteristic faults, to a large ex tent, are all our3. Apart from the mer its of the quarrel between the United States and Spain it is impossible that men of British blood could ever wish to see the people of the United States "fall into the hands of Spain." Ameri can diplomacy is rough, and it is pos sible that the awful calamity of war might have been averted by diplomacy of another order, but the end in view, the termination of the reign of horror in Cuba, compels our sympathies. Spain's methods of colonial govern ment are not our methods. Spain's way of fighting is not our way and all our sympathies will go with the brave sol diers and sailors of a free people fight ing for the cause of humanity and struggling to extend the bounds of free dom. There is one more bond of union between Great Britain and the United States in connection with this war. "England" is more than a geo graphical expression to the rest of the world it is synonymous with a type of civilization that the aliens do not love a type characterized by civil and religious liberty by enlighten ment, progress and prosperity. This "Greater England" includes two great nations of common origin and com mon aspirations, though of diverse al legiance. The best British subjsc-t is the man whose idep.3 are broad enough and sympathies wide enough to em brace this "Greater England." With these two nations united (we do not mean politically), the English type of civilization must prevail. "Naught shall make us rue. If England to itself do rest but true." With the union jack and the stars and stripes blended, "Come the three corners of the world in arms, And1 we shall shock them." Whether England's part in the com ing struggle will be a passive one re mains to be seen, but at least her sympathy will keep the pest cf Eu rope iin check. Iler Spirit Annncit. Chicago News: "Why have you broken off with WflT Kempton?" "He accused me of having a weakness for building castles in Spain, and here I've sympathized with Cuba right from the first." Girls Arc Inconsistent.- A good many girls in Atchison fle* clare that they will go as nurses to the war, but they howl' if they have to get up at" night to prepare hot oil for a little brother's- earache.r—Atchi£.QD Globe NATIONAL FLOWERS. The' rose of England' is-- nothing more than the wild rose. The York rose was white,, the Tudor the red or pink wild' rose. The thistle was-- chosen by Scotland because according to tradition during a night' attack made1 by some Danes one of the invaders trod' oir a thistle, gave- a- cry of pain and waked the sleepers who saved themselves. One- could' scarcely call the leeTc a flower and the Welsh (ftr not know how it'came to be* associated with their country. Some date- its adoption as far back as 640 when Cfcdwallo de feated' the Saxons. His men to dis tinguish themselves wore- leeks in their caps Louis VII. of Francs- was the first to use the fleuT^ie-lis as his emblem. He had It represents in gold over the blue mantle of Ms son Philip, when the latter was crowned joint kiirg. The word fa probably not fleur de-lis or de-luee at all, but fleur-de Lottis. When it became changed the reference to lilies was made and the IiTie3 of France were known in his tory. It has been suggested by some peo ple that bvr national flower should be the columbine, which grows wild in all parts of the Union. The name na turally svggests Columbia and Colum bus. There is really a connection be tween the two. The name Columbus— Colombo in Italian—means "dove" and the columbine receives its name from the popular idea that it looks liko a flock of doves. Thia- form grows wild in the Rocky mountains. A front view of the flower Bhows a five-pointed star, a single petal is in -the shape of a horn of plenty, typical of oar re* sources, and tfie short-spurred variety resembles a liberty cap. Tho lobes iof Its terminal divisions are thirteen— the original states—and In eolor the columbine Is either red, whlta or a pure blue., Root bear ought to be a popular hevcMft hall cranks.. 4 f* mWMmKM Kohtnra and Strawberries. Ohio Experiment Station Bulletin: Irrigation cannot be regarded as indis pensable-to success in strawberry cul ture, as, by means of heavy mulching, sufficient water may be retained in the soil for the necessities of the crop in ordinary seasons, but an abundant sup ply of watlr simply makes success more certain, and where intensive cul ture is practiced an irrigation plant ought to be a part of^tb# equipment. Strawberry plants require an abund ance of moisture at all stages of growth, but this is most easily secured during the first season by attending to the proper details in preparation of tbe soil and in cultivation. Early and continuous cultivation saves the moist ure to a greater extent than is com monly supposed. It has been found that the loss of moisture from unplow ed ground may be in excess of that from cultivated soil to an amount equal to an inch and three-fourths of rainfall in one week. A man with a team and sprinkling caxt could not replace the water on an aGre of land as fast as it escapes by evaporation from the soil when it goes off at that rate if he had to haul the water one-fourth of a mile. The importance of stirring the soil soon after a shower is generally known, but in practice cultivation after slight showers is often neglected. This Is be cause no crust forms- after slight show ers hence the necessity of stirring the soil at once is not apparent. A slight wetting of a dry soil,, however, in creases the upward flow of water,, hence there is more water- added to the sur face soil at such times- than comes in the form of rain. The sun and- wind soon dissipate the slight rainfall: and along with it much of the water which came from the lower layers^ of" the soil, leaving the soil drier than before As the two are commonly used, a culL tlvator is a better machine for irri gating than a sprinkling cart- Spronttng Potato Seed. A writer in the New England Farm er tells that the most successful grow ers sprout potato seed as follows: From six to seven weeks before- it is time to plant in the field the potatoes are. cut in the usual manner, spread thinly in a dry rooip f?ee from frost, where they remain until quite dry, say for three days. They are then placed in boxes of sand as closely as possible, the sand being damp—not wet—and one inch in depth. Place the sets evenly over the whole surface and then cover with sand an inch in depth. Place the boxes in a light, airy rocm where the temperature is from:45 de grees at night to 55 degrees- in the daytime. The sprouts will soon push forth and grow just in proportion as light, heat and moisture are afforded them. A slow growth is much to te preferred, as the stems will be much stronger and more vigorous after they are set in the field. To that end a low temperature, but little moisture, free circulation of air and all the light pos sible are essential. The bojes are placed one above the other in racks, with spaces between of six inches. Nat Trees In Michigan.. The Michigan station has given spe cial attention to the growing- of nut trees. It finds very few of any com mercial value. Several kinds can be grbwn, however, in a small way, as an interesting study, or as an' amuse ment. The soft-shell almond has proved hardy there. Of it they say that while it has borne nuts of pleasant flavor, they are not equal to those of fered in market. The Paragon i3 the only chestnut that has fruited,' and its tendency is to overbear. Filberts and hazelnuts are of course hardy,-but have not yet fruited. Pecans grown from Iowa seed are hardy, but the" fruit is of little value. The soft-shell trees, grown from Texas seed, will.not stand the "winter without protection. Japan walnuts, somewhat like our- butter nuts, do well and the Persians or Eng lish, walnut endures the climate,. but has made slow growth. Varieties of Flavor.—Our- Yankee and Canadian butter friends^are wak ing up to the fact that it is^in the flavor point where all the improvement is to be made.. Of course—and it is just here where all the trouble is founded—the flavor flavor-of.milki.of' feed, of cans, airsheds and of*the whole surroundings.. And they suggest: all manner of ways and means to- bring' about the desired improvement. Eat me give them a hint—give-the-faotory manager a- rest for a while' and go' for the supplier educate him some how, anyhow, but educate h»m. ft may at first, blush seem rather difficult but it is- not- impossible, and whea you have done it the reward! wiill h* great. Of course it may.-be litiJis- more difficult for, our American friends for us we- have the graders* who would: keep- a continual check, aa the makers, while the work of. —or inspection—went on amnng the suppliers—New Zealand Dairyman Kerosene Emulsion-.—Hard soap, pound boiling water, 1 gallon kero sene, gallons dissolv* tha soap in the water, add the kerosene, and churn with a pump tor 5-10 minutes. Dilute 4 toi 25 times before applying. Use strong emulsion for all scale insects. For such inserts as plant lice, mealy hugs, red splier, thxips, weaker prep-, stations will prove effective. Cabbage worms, curcant worms and all in»w^w which have soft bocU«e, can also be successfully treated* It is advisable to make the emulsion shortly before it is usef. Where ledgee abound to such an ex tent as to preclude most kind&jrf farm ing, fruit growing may be carried on to advantage, especially the growing of blackberries. Daniel was in training for his lion's £ea sxptrlcnce a .good mapy years. 2?^ Nervousjnd Tired Was Not Ablo to do Her Work Until Hood's Sarsaparlllft Cured. "I was troubled with headaches, ner vousness and that tired feeling I read fa the papers about Hood's -Srrsapavlila and began taking It. I am now able to do my work, as Hood's Sarsaparilla has relieved me." MBS. T. F. RICH, Hampshire, 111. Hood's Sarsaparilla Is America'sGreatest Medicine. $1 six for $5. Hood's PfllS cure indigestion, biliousness. A Boom in Rent Estate. Dumley—How much Jo you ask foi that piece of land? Robinson—Oh! one of Melba's songa Dumley—To the tune of—? Robinson—Five thousand- dollars.— Judge. List of Patents Inaur.il tn*f Merwln, Lothrop & Johnson, Patent Attcr neys, 810 Pioneer Press Building, St. Paul. If you forget your right sieve, that makes It' the left. To Care Constipation forever. Take Cascarets Candy Cathartic. 10c or 25o. If C. C. C. tail to cure, druggists refund money. There is no road to success but through a' olfear, strong purpose. A purpose underlies character, culture, position, attainment of' whatever sort.—T. T. Munger. A bath with COSMO BUTTERMILK SOAP exquisitely scented, is soothing and beneficial. Sold everywhere. The way through the wood—use an auj?ur. STRONG STATEMENTS. Three Women Relieved EromiMrs. MQIXIE E. HEIUIEL, Pow olT.SKation, .T«BB.: 'Eon-three years I suffered with such a weakness of the back, I could not perform my household duties. I also had! falling of the womb, terrible bear ihgrdown pains, and hcadache. I have takers two bottles of Lydia E. Pink ttam& Vegetable Compound and feel llk&anew woman. I rccommend your medicine to every, woman I know." BAD BLOOD KSKwSssf!""Sl8~'K.W:Uak»ttakpnnripleasaottomaolclueator found It lit Cascarets. Since taklna them my bloiad has beenipiirllSed and my complexion hasim* S££Sdwan£erfeaEnS ,. JWWB CONSTIPATION. ... Hwitot Cfclwf, fcatwil, »«w 8tt IO-tnm Sis'JHsaEas.jsar SALESMEN WANTED*. Da yooi wish'• 'paying and pteaunt Job?. W«. waol salesmen all over UM Xoithwest. Tiros plans. Pay weekly. Write at enm-tor terms. The. largetk Nunery la the West. THB JEWEL 2f QRSKIUf QO-. WM City, Minn* PH»8IQI8gg!!Sg£i?g5 KS3gs8gja^s«m^«aa: IrnlnUAwar, l»m^Mlliml,lngcl»lm», MtdMiusa DTOPSVSSrSSSKESS uses, send for b)ek of testimonials and *0 ita fetaaUnant ir*e. skm. h. uutui'B MMfeuMiSns. ABUTS WATTIED In ev^fy. torn* for the best &"" celling War and Household Specialties. It will pay you t»wrlte us. MMsa CM.,thleare. I.i. II Pi Weelc to Nartliwcnt?rii Inventava. Charles B. Aske, Duluth, Minu., game apparatus John J. Flyckt, War ren, Minn., chisel holder William C. Humphrey, Jamestown, N. cyclist's b'nrce and back support Henry C. Johnson, Fargo, N. D.. steam boiler flue cleaner Jared C. Lobdell and A. Talcott, Minneapolis, Minn., stop cock box Alexander McDougall, Duluth, Minn., dredging apparatus Jolin W. Stevens, St. Paul, Minn., seal lock Joseph T. Thompson, Hatton, D., steam flue cleaner Charles S. White, Minneapolis, Minn, gasoline filter John W. Stevens. St. Paul, Minn., (de sign) seal plate for seal locks rills bury—Washburn Flour Mills Compa ny, Minneapolis. Minn., (trademarks) Wheat breakfast food (two.) of Troubles Female by Mrs. Pinkliam. From Mrs. A. IV. SMITH, 50 Summer St., Biddeforcl, Me.: "For several years I suffered with, various- diseases peculiar to my sex. AVas troubled with a burning sensation across the small of my back, that all gone feeling, was despondent, fretful and discouraged the least exertion tired me.. I tried several doctors but received little benefit. At last I de cided to give your Lydia E. Pinltham's Vegetable Compound a triad. The ef fect of the- first bottle was magical. Those, symptoms of weakness that I was afflicted with, vanished like vapor before- the- sntt. I cannot speak too highly of your valuable remedy. It is truly. aiboon to woman." Frorni Mrs., MELISSA PHILLIPS, Lex ington,. Ind..„ to. Mrs. Pinkham: "Before I began taking your medicino I' had suffered for two years with that tired feeling, headache, backache, no ap petite, and a run-down condition of tho system.. I could not walk across the roomi. I! have taken four bottles of the Vegetable Compound, one box of Liver Billsand) used one package of Sanative Wash,, and now feel like anew woman, andiannable- todo my work." k'i muchX0"l5eTe? MBS alUAE .b. SBLLAUS, irjurell, Teun. CANDY ||F— CATHARTIC TRAPS MASK mewismo E W a & »«. il'm. v« $4 S!|