Pullman herald. [volume], April 07, 1911, Image 2

About Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989

Image provided by: Washington State Library; Olympia, WA

                
WIIOI-ESOME DAIRY PRODUCTS
By S. H. Nelson, Piuf— of Veteri
nary Science, Washington Slute
College.
This question of a sanitary milk
supply has been a subject of discus-1
si, en for a long time, not a question
as to whether a sanitary milk could j
be produced, but whether it could be
produced commercially with a sullic-l
lout remuneration to the producer
and still keep the price of this milk
within the mean of tho general pub
lic.
This subject prijnarily Involves the
production of a milk that is in Iteelf j
perfect in the Condition of its con-1
stituents, ami that does not. contain;
foreign substances or bodies that are
injurious or that will injure Its
wholeaomeneaa or hcalthfultiess as a
food product for the human family.
The question also involves the per
son who makes the production of the
milk his principal vocation, and who,
through the profits of this milk pro
duction, may expect to make a liveli
hood for himself and family. He
must have a sufficient compensation
to constantly renew- the wear and
tear on the dairy plant, to renew the
destructible parts of it when neces
sary, and over and above these, he
must still have a profit with which he
may provide the necessities, comforts
and luxuries of life for his family.
I would like to discuss part of this
question from the Dotal of view as
to the food value of a sanitary milk
as compared with other food stuffs.
Second, as to the cost of production
of such milk at present, Third, as
to the cost of the milk as delivered to
the consumer, Fourth, a discussion
of th, prevailing conditions desired
in th,- future. The relative value of
ilk to other foods has not been
worked out as thoroughly as it. might
be, still It is acknowledged by phy
siologists that, milk compares favor
ably with such foods us beefsteak,
eggs, potatoes, bread and beans, the
common food stuffs of man In this
country. When we try to make a
comparison as to values bel en
milk and ether food stuffs for the
use of the young child we cannot do
so because there li no substitute for
milk as a food for the infant child.
Th,- cost of producing this class of
milk on the farm is about 6 cents a
quart, of which 2 1-2 cents Is for
feed, . 1-2 for care and l cent is for
depreciation and taxes at the present
time. It costs about ,'! Nts for
icing and expressago and 3 cents for
bottles and delivery, making the
milk worth about 12 cents net and la
deliver,-, at the house of the con
sumer at a cost to him of 15 cents.
Other common milks are at the pres
ent time selling at from 6 to 7 1-2
cents per quart. The cost of the
production of this milk is from i
cents to -1 1-2 cents per q\l_J*t»--~TI'.BI
expense of^cjjty- noli very is from 1 j
cent t_U $4 cents per quart, making
"the cost of production of common!
milk from ,:. 1-2 to 6 c, nts a quart.
When we speak of present sani
tary conditions wo mean stables that
are kept, , lean, the, entire stable
floors, walls and stalls arc clean, be- 1
ing scrubbed and flushed daily, the
cows are kept, , lean, curried arid
washed before each milking, the
milkers and care-takers aro clean.
The extra amount of labor necessary
In doing all this is very expensive, j
With the present conditions of keep-!
ing the entire stable extremely clean,!
with the expense of cleaning the cows
and milking them In a sanitary man-'
nor in an expensive stable, with the
cost of icing and cost of delivery, and
with the present class of cows giving;
a low milk yield, 1 believe that it is
impossible to produce a unitary
milk for less than the price given,
above, so if sanitary milk Is to be
produced at a lesser cost and placed
within the reach of a large number
of consumers, there must bo some
quite radical changes In the produc
tion and delivery of the sanitary;
milk. I believe that it is quite pos
sible to change these condition so;
that the sanitary milk may be placed
at the door of the consumer cheaper
than It is being done at the present:
time.
I am of the opinion that milk can'
he produced In a cleanly way In a
cheaper mariner than is done at pres
ent. That the system of delivery can
be somewhat changed so as to be
less expensive. That, and this is the
most important of all, it Is possible
to make a definite change for the
better in the COWS producing the,
milk. The Introduction of these j
three changes would be strong fac-j
tors tending toward the production ;
of a unitary milk at a less price
than is possible at the present time.
For instance, instead of having ex-;
tremely expensive stables kept Im
maculately clean, which present
sanitary stables are, and nearly all
of them are built and kept In such
an expensive manner that they are
entirely out of the possible range of
tie- general dairyman, stables may be
built that are comparatively Inex
pensive and yet so built that the|
cows may he kept comparatively
clean and with a slight change in
the stable the milk may be obtained
under good sanitary conditions. The
question of sanitary milk is really
the question of getting a clean milk
free from outstdo contamination and
containing a very small number of
bacteria, and then cooling the milk
and keeping it sufficiently cool so
that the bacteria cannot Increase to
any appreciable extent during the
time of delivery to the consumer.
Now this can li. done by simply hav
ing the cows absolutely clean at the
time of milking and having them in
an absolutely clean place at the time
ot milking.
This Involves Instead of the ex
pensively built and kept dairy barn,
that there be constructed in one cor-,
nor of the common barn or possibly
just outside, near the stable, a milk
ing room Into which the cows are
taken and kept while they are being
milked. A number of tit" dairymen
of tin- ate of Washington are find
ing ins milking room a solution to
the question of producing a clean
milk at a less price than they could
before The authorities having In
charge a large city hospital would
consider i' an absolute Impossibility
ie, keep the entire hospital sterile for
operative patients, but they do And
!t. quite possible and not too expen
sive to set ide for tho exclusive use
of aseptic surgery, a tail room in
the hospital where all of the aseptic
surgery is performed. That is the
condition which I advocate for milk
ing, a special clean milking room
which can be kept sanitary at less
expense than tin- entire stable can.
Some of the dairymen of the state
of Washington are finding it quite
convenient to have the milking room
hold four cows at ono lime. The
cows are curried in he general sta
ble, ' hen taken tee the milking room
whore they are given just a small
amount of grain to keep them quiet.
This milk Ing room is thoroughly
flushed so that there is absolutely no
dust present. in here the udders are
washed with a damp cloth. The
milkers previously to entering the
milking room brush the dust from
their clothes, sonar of them even
wear a special jacket for milking,
I,nt not all of them. The milking is
then done Into covered sanitary
milking pails and is Immediately af
terward taken to the milking room
where- it is put into the bottling ma
chine and run into bottles. The
milk is not aerated, Ing exposed to
the air as little as possible, but it is
immedately cooled to 50 or below
and under these conditions it is
placed on he market 4 0 lies away
wilh a bacterial count less than 3000
per cubic centi meter. The cost of
the product ion of this milk is about
li cents per quart on the farm. I
firmly believe that the special milk
ing room Will decrease the cost of
lhe production of sanitary milk from
a quarter of a cent lo a cent,,-.- ■—
The delivery _' milk is very ex
pensive. The customers buying
sanitary milk live in various parts of
the city and are quite scattered,
which makes the delivery in bottles
a very expensive matter, in the fu
ture we must look ie, a more concen
trated milk delivery route and a less
expensive container than the milk
bottle We much change our dairy
cows so that we have largely Increas
ed milkers, which will make ii pos
sible to obtain milk at a less price
for feed, care and fixed expenses
than it is with the kind of cows we
have at present. Thai is, instead of
having a cow which average 20
pounds of (', per cent milk per day.
we must have those that average 25,
30, '!."> ,'i- even 10 pounds We must
materially increase the milk produc
tion propensity of tho dairy cows.
This latter is really the most Im
portant of all. For instance, I have
at hand the records of fifteen dairy
cows. The poorest one is a six-year
old cow which last year gave 3516
pounds of ''. per cent milk, which was
sold for $68.95, The best one Is a
12-year-old cow which gave 9574
pounds of 5 2- 10 per cent milk that
was sold tor 58.75, or a ernce
of I.'". This same herd contains a
- 1-2-year-old heifer thai last year
gave 6074 pounds of .'. 4-10 per cent
milk which was sold for $107.15. I
believe that it is absolute^ necessary
that the veterinarian and animal
husbandman constantly urge and en
courage the dairyman to place at the
head of his herd record carrying
bulls so that the general milk pro
duction of the offspring may be con
stantly increased, which will mater
ially lessen cost of milk production.
Whitman Tax Delinquent,* 530.
Colfax, Wash.. April 1.--A list of
550 names has been turned over to
the sheriff as a delinquent personal
property tax list by Treasurer Wil
liam Duncan. Sheriff Carter will
send out another notice to the delin
quents.
The amount uncollected by the
treasurer totals $SI7G, out of a total
personal property tax list of $123,
--381. This is by far the best collec
tion In the history of the county. A
list of 220 names from the 1909 tax
list with amounts aggregating i early
$3000 uncollected will be put In the
hands of Sheriff Carter.
THE NORTHWEST
Proclamation.
Governor M. E. Hay has issued
the following proclamation acting
aside April 13, as Arbor day:
A Proclamation by the Governor:
"Whereas, For many years this
state baa followed a custom rapidly
becoming general throughout tho
country of setting aside a day in the
early spring for the purpose of arous
ing greater interest in the practical
and ethical benefits of growing orna
mental ami useful trees and shrubs.
"Now, Therefore. 1, M. E. Hay,
governor of the State of Washington,
do hereby designate April 13, 1911,
as Ml,or day, and urge that it be
generally observed throughout the
state by beautifying public and pri
vate- grounds, and particularly, by
planting trees in school grounds and
In i he treeless districts.
in Witness whereof, l have here
unto set my band at Olympia, this
23rd day of March, A. lb, 1911.
"M. E. HAY."
Total Appropriations Exceed Ten
Millions.
Appropriations made by the last
legislature total $10,405,955.95, ac
cording to figures compiled by the
bureau of inspection. Of ibis amount
the general fund will furnish $0,
--866,749.61 and $3,539,206.3 I will bo
paid out of the various other funds.
Tim biggest single appropriation is
for ib., handling of tin- employes'
compensation act. and amounts to
$1,500,000, ami in addition to tin.,
$150,000 was appropriated to admin
ister the law.
Dayton, Wash., April l. —Hun-
dreds of acres of Ton,diet. Valley land,
which for five decades has been use.
for heal growing, are to be planted
with orchards this spring. Upward
of 76,000 trees were shipped here
ibis week from Walla Walla, Milton
and Salem, and more are yet to come.
According to estimates of orchard
ists and nursery dealers, there will
be marly 1000 acres utilized for fruit
growing this spring. Although apples
ill comprise 90 per cent of the new
fruit, there are to be some prune,
pear and peach trees set, out near
Dayton. In fact, there is a growing
interest in prune and pear culture
here and it will he in, surprise to see
Hie growing of these fruits equal the
apple industry in a few years around
Dayton.
The largest orchard to set out/
'his^year In H.IO Toucbet valley is that
of ex-Governor Miles Moore, two
miles west of Dayton. This orchard
will contain 300 acres, all apples.
Numerous other orchards of from 25
to 60 acres are assured, while many
• •.' lire and 10-acre dimensions are
row being planted. Planting will
start here the first of next week.
Farmers' Institute to Tour the Slate
Announcement is made by the su
perintendent of the farmers' institute
and extension work at Washington
Slat.- College of taking up of active
work and extension work for tho
coming season lias been made. The
institutes will commence In Clarke
county, reaching county points on
and back of all railroads.
Tho first section of the institute
will start in the Yakima valley ami
then cross the mountains to tho
Enumclaw and Sumner and then
make six stops in the Cowlitz valley.
It will follow the Northern Pacific
railway and Olympia, Chehalis, Mon
tesano and cities in Lewis and Che
halis counties will be touched and a
systematic canvass of the points of
'be- southwest will be made .Another
section of the Institute will start from
Mount Pleasant, where the work will
be carried to Klickitat county, after
which it will work toward the Colum
bia river and the Richland district.
The trips will be made in five weeks
and railroads have arranged with tho
college for demonstration trains.
Among the lecturers will be Mr.
Ashby, Director R. W. Thatcher of
the experiment station, Prof. R. K.
Deattie, botanist; A. It. Nystrom, in
structor in dairying: H. L. Blanch
ard, poultry expert, and W. G. Brier
ly, instructor In horticulture. Last
year the institute was held and largo
row, attended at every stop.
Another oversight in Appropriations
It has just been brought to light
that the last legislature among other
things overlooked appropriating any
money from the scientific school
fund for the State College at Pull
man, and that it failed to appropriate
any money for the S. E. P. & R. I.
fund for the state training school at
Chehalis. The failure to appropriate
money out of these current funds
means that about $40,000 will ho
paid out of the general fund that
should com,- out of special funds. As
the result the taxpayers will bo pay
ing out money while the money in
the two special funds will be idle.
HINTS TO THK WAN PURCHAS
ING lItHIGATI.D LAND
By Prof. O. L. Waller, Head of the
Department of Civil Engineer
ing W. S. C.
The purchaser of lands with a
water right should require an ab
struct to the water title the same as
he does for the land title, True
the deed to the land will carry the
water title, but it does not establish
the fact that the lands, or the owner
of them, has any legal title to water
with which to properly irrigate
them. li is not enough that tho
vendor guarantees the water supply,
for unless the water is in tbe stream
and said vender has an unclouded
title to tho same, he can never make
good the guarantee.
.Since water is of the essence of all
.11, li contracts, the vendor of a water
right should be required to have his
rights to the use of water legally let
tied before being permitted to make
a conveyance of th" same-.
The question for the purchaser to
settle is not how much water has
been filed on for use on tho lands
be contemplates purchasing, but how
much the vendor lias an undisputed
title to.
The settler should satisfy himself
as to the flow of the stream supply
ing his lands during the months of
crop production. Water during the
winter and spring is of no particular
value on light and sandy lands;
with heavier lands the case would bo
different. To insure full crops the
lands must be watered as the grow
ing vegatatlon demands.
Tho prospective buyer not only
wants a complete title to a water
right for his land, but he wants to
know that .there is ample water to
satisfy that claim and at the season
of the year that it will be needed to
mature crops. This should require
an Official certificate of the How of
the stream and of the legal claims
filed against it.
It may bo well also for the pur
chaser of irrigate, lands to examine
closely Into the cost of maintenance.
This item, in a gravity supply, will
depend quite largely on the strength
and permanency of the headworks,
of the canal banks, ami of the
structures. Where tho supply is
pumped, a further study should be
made of the power charges. The
farmer should know about how
many acre-feet of water per acre will
be needed for his lands and how
much it will cost him.'when he be
comes a stockholder in the co__B_U_Ji
to pump "the required amount of
water onto his lauds. Where power
is purchased the current price of
such power should be made a basis
for estimating cost. If the power is
developed by steam, gasoline, or pro
ducer gas, all items of expense such
as fuel, waste, oil, labor, deprecia
tion on plant, and interest on invest
ment and capita] should be consid
ered in making up an estimate of
maintenance charges.
SUPERIOR COURT NEWS
Summary of Business Transacted
During lhe Week.
State is. S. B. Walter and Edward
Whitten —Set for trial June 12,
l 0 1 1, at 1:30 p. m.
Stato vs. E. Brannon —Fined $50
and costs, $97.50.
James E. Rellly vs. Joe Thibbad
eau—Judgment Tor plaintiff for
$72.57 ami costs taxed at $39.20.
Bank of Farmington vs. J. E. Dra
per et al — Demurrer of defendant
overruled.
N. P. Ry. Co. vs. Electric Flour
Mills et al—Order of default.
St. John Skinner vs. Commercial
State Bank —Order of dismissal.
A. W. Witherspoon vs. Palouse
State Dank — Order directing settle
ment with W. J. Walker.
G. Allen Mason vs. F. S. Ratliff
et al —Order for security for costs.
Amanda McCabe vs. Green McCabe
• -Order that defendant pay plaintiff
$50 suit money and $75 attorney's
fees.
Everett N. Cramer vs. Margaret A.
Marsh et al —Order overruling mo
tion to quash.
Alexander Warner vs. G. R. Carter
and J. A. Miller — Order overruling
demurrer.
Whitman county vs. Jeremiah
Kelly et ux— Decree of appropriation
for'right of highway, defendants al
lowed damages by a jury to amount
of $625 and costs amounting to $170.
John F. Wh.-alan vs. H. T. Con-,
over — Continued for trial to April
29, 1911, on account of illness of wit
ness. Plaintiff penalized $10 to pay
for defendant's witnesses.
State vs. Chas. E. Ray—Remitti
tur of supreme court affirming judg
ment of superior court and against
sureties for $21.75 costs.
A. W. Witherspoon vs. Palouse
State Bank— to purchase as
signment of mortgage in Franklin
county.
G. Allen Mason vs. F. S. Ratliff et
al Cost bond.
Njcw Cases Filed.
James Parks vs. Minnie I. Parks —
Decree of divorce granted to plain
tiff.
X. P. Ry Co. vs. G. B. Joslin —
Action for money due, attachment is
sued.
James O. Kellogg vs. Emma B.
Kellogg —Action for divorce.
R. McGraw vs. G. H. Bushby—Ac
tion to enforce agreement on sale of
real estate.
Probate, Matters
Guardianship of A. B. Gregg—Or
der confirming sale. 1
Estate Of Coalman HubbardOr
der allowing final account and de
cree of distribution.
Estate of Lewis T. Averill— Order
appointing appraisers.
Estate of Samuel F. Sinclair— De
cree confirming homestead rights of
widow.
Estate of Beekman Hulin —Order
admitting will to probate and ap
pointing William S. Hulin executor
without bonds.
' Estate of William Stott — Adminis
trator's bond fixed at $2400.
Estate of Daniel and Mary C.
Hughes— order confirming sale of
personal property.
Estate of Mary A. Thompson—Or
der confirming sale of personal prop
erty.
Estate of James Wood 1 6) — Order
Confirming sale of personal property.
Estate of Daniel it. Conrad — Order
admitting will and appointing James
B. Conrad executor without bonds.
Estate of Hazen Oaks Order ap-|
pointing appraisers. j
Guardianship of Hazel Favill el al
— Order* appointing I-'. 11. Whitman i
guardian with bonds fixed at $2100.
Estate of Charles Favill — Order!
appointing F. H. Whitman adminis
trator with bond at $255.
Estate of Clarence Warden- C, H.
Russell appointed adiminlstrator
with bond fixed at $1000,
Guardianship of Roscoe I!. Westa
,-oit — Order fixing time for hearing
on return of sale of real estate as
April 8, 1911, at II a. m.
Estate of L. .\i. Ringer — Order to
sell mortgage.
Estate of Sarah J. Miller—Order
fixing April 7. at 10 a. m.. as lime for
hearing petition for letters.
Estate of Detlef ftahn Letters of
administration Issued to L. L. Brun
ing, bond $500.
Estate of Annie Lake— Order for
commission to take deposition.
Estate of Myron A. Ferguson—
Order confirming appraisement and
closing estate.
Estate of Miriam D. Walters—Or
der confirming appraisement.
Moscow Wheat Raisers
Through With Binders
"Never again for me," said W. W. j
Clyde, prominent farmer of the .Mos
cow section, four miles south of
town, while discussing th,e question
of harvesting a crop here in the Pa
louse country. He referred to bind
ers and headers and threshing ma
chines as being compared with the
wonderful new method made pos
sible since the Idaho National com
bine has been perfected. Mr. Clyde
said :
"I was one of the first farmers
around Moscow to Interest myself in
this wonderful new Invention. I be
gan operating them ou my farm in
1908, and did a very good job even
then with the little rig put out that
season. 1 was convinced that the
principle was correct and that it
would soon be perfected. In 1909
1 again harvested with one of the
models of that season, and my faith
in the machine and the method went
up several points. It did fine work,
and what was of greatest importance
was that it was so Inexpensive, It;
cost the farmer practically nothing
compared to the old methods of the
header, tin- binder ami the threshing
machine, It did not crack grain. In
1910, last fall, I harvested 120 acres
of wheat and oats. 1 used the im
proved model lor that year. I found
the machine as nearly perfect as was
necessary for first-class work, and
was entirely satisfied that with a few
minor additions like a substitution of
malleable for cast teerth. It was the
best machine in the world without
any doubt. And 1 believe there is
no question about Ibis.
"Willi one of my boys and eight
horses we harvested my crop, come
of the land being extremely hilly.
We tried to see just how much the
little machine would stand up to on,
laud that had always bothered us!
with headers, and found that the)
Idaho did not skid, and with three!
sacks of wheat piled in the sack
sower's box on the lower side, we
were unab) jto upset it. We wanted
to see just how far we could go. We
were satisfied. You cannot upset
this machine. It will not skid.
"It is the most economical machine
in the world. My actual expenses
for a 120-acre crop was practically
nothing. As a matter of fact it was
only $2.25 for oil and $1.50 for axel
grease. This may sound fishy to the
fellow who is accustomed to pay five
WANT RIPARIA MAN IKjJ^ I
Liquor Sentence First, Then I: %
ing Stolen Freight, k^*'* I
Colfax, Wash., April 4.—-W I
E. Ray, of Lewiston Junction *_*. I
been notified to appear here and ''
gin! serving the sentence of 60 d *
imposed on him April 14, iyi 0 ' rt
selling liquor without a license' °'
It will require 20 days addition)
time to serve out the costs attach^
to the case. When Kay complete
the jail sentence he will be taken tn
Walla Walla to begin a sentence of
from six months to 15 years '. r r °
ceiying stolen property, of% '-V
ime be as convicted May _ i, ( l()
Kay's late start in serving liis ii n
is duo to the appeals he took to th
supreme court. In both cases th
higher court decided against him
Ray's bondsmen. Charles Coryell*
and William Schulting, who are on
his bonds for $3750, have been not]
fled.
A year ago Ray was arrested for
selling liquor without a license. He
had pleaded guilty to two former
charges of a similar nature and had
paid the fines imposed. On the third
arrest he determined to make
fight. lie was convicted, however.
His later conviction was on f{i
charge of receiving wheat that had
been stolen from freight cars stand
ing on the siding at Lewiston Junc
tion. Three in. were convicted of
stealing the wheat and were sen
tenced. Their testimony was to the
effect that Ray was paying them $1
a sack for the grain on condition that
is be stored in bis bam after being
removed from he ears.
Seattle, April 1. —C. D. llillman,
millionaire real estate operator and
builder of boom towns, was sentenced
to two years and six months in the
federal penitentiary and to pay a line
of $5200, by United States District
Judge Donworth today.
'U'igo Donworth refused this morn
ing to grant a new trial to the real
estate man, who bad been convicted
of i sing the mail to ,1,-fraud. Then
be refused the stay of sentence
asked. After that be pronounced
sentence, lie scored the prisoner se
verely as be sent,-ii, ed him.
Judge Donworth sentenced Hill
man to two years and six months on
each of the 12 counts on which he
was found guilty. However, he pro
vided that he might serve all tin sen
fences at the same time, so tint the
real estate man need serve only two
years and a hall' altogether.
and six dollars an acre for binding
and threshing, but it is the truth. I
bad no expense bill for extras, no
hired help, and no extra horses to
feed during harvest. When the crop
was sold every cent of the proceeds
was mine.
"My grain, both wheat, and oats,
was threshed perfectly. No grain
was cracked and none wasted, and
during the harvest I had no trouble
with the machine. It worked per
fectly. It was my third season with
the Idaho, and 1 was convinced be
yond doubt that there was nothing
on earth to compare with the Idaho.
It beat the world."
iked if. after three years' experi
ence, he found that the Idaho Na
tional fouled his ground, Air. Clyde
said that it did not. That he had
made a careful study of this feature
of tho machine and was convinced
that his land was in the best of con
dition. Tlie Idaho had left the
straw where it belonged, and he had
plowed it under to the enrichment of
the land. He said that he had never
in all his years of experience fed
straw: had always burned his stacks,
and considered tho Idaho method of
evenly distributing the straw over
the ground was a decided advantage
and worth something to tho farmer.
Mr. Clyde was then asked if he
had any criticism of the machine
from any source. He said: "Well,
not unless it is that the company is
making the 1911 models too good.
They are, I think, better than they
•"''l be. I believe they are there
fore a little heavier than is neces
sary. lie agreed that this was not a
serious criticism, as it was cheaper to
feed an additional horse or two, even
if the harvester requires nine or 3jn
horses, than it was to buy extras and
waste time in breakdowns. He said
1"' had, after looking over the new
models, gone back home and looked
bis 1910 model over carefully, and
could find no indication of weakness
or strain, and that he was of the
opinion that the 1911 models were
probably a little stronger than nec
essary, a matter of minor impor
tance as nothing but years of actual
field tests under all conditions, dur
ing a number of years, can settle this
point. He declares the principle and
the system is correct and the Idaho
National Harvester the best machine
in the world. This point he Is posi
tive about.