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VOL. 3 GREEN FOREST, ARK., THURSDAY, APRIL-, 21, 1892. NO. 7. Guilty Ones Caught. The Bobbers of Rev. R. A. Martin proves to be Lee Bowles and Buster Terrf—Thtj are now Jailed at Berry ville to Await the Action of the Grand Jury. Sheriff Edmondson and Deputy Sheriff Edwards arrested Lee Bowl es and Buster Terry n>!Hr Eureka ■Springs on Tuesday night of last 'Week accused of the robbcrry of Rev. R. A. Martin for which Bone and Sam Terry were tried a short lime ago in Justice Ramsey’s court -at this place. They were tried be fore Justice G. R. McCall of Kings River township on last Saturday, the state being represented by W. C. Russell, ami live defendants by ke Terry. They were bound over to a-wait the action of the grand ju f ry and as they were unable ib; give hail they were lodged in jail at Ber ryville, Saturday evening. The evidence as to their guilt as expressed by J ustice McCall was not only conclusive but very conclu sive. The evidence as produced shows that there are about lour other par ties accessory to the robbery,among whom are the two Terrys that were tried here a short time ago. At Jast accounts the sheriff and a posse of men were in search of the other parties implicated. i Sheriff Edmondson deterves much credit tor his heroic acts in bringing these guilty parties to jus tice. Caught in the Act. But Lost in the Shuffle, However. Our every ready detective, Spencer J. Morris, was on the alert )ast Thursday night when Brink Reagan thought to make one of his evening visits to Wade & Morris' drugstore. Mr. Morris was secreted in the store when about 11 o’clock Brink effected his way into tne building coining in at a window in thcr rear end; be was armed with two large jugs and several bottles. Mr. Mor ris took occasion to inquire of him as to his business in the store at such a late hour. Being so com pletely caught, Reagan could do nothing but make a confession, that it was whiskey that he intended to take. Mr. Morris took him then and there as bis prisoner and guard ed him until morning when he vurn f cd him over to Constable Har bart. He plod guilty to burglary before Justice Ramsey, and being unable to give bond was started 'for jail at Berry ville, but after dusk about tour miles this^side, he jump ed from the wagon and made his es ) cape. It is now to be hoped that the tittle pilfering about town isathi-ng of the past. State Normal School Fifth Congressional District. The second month of the Normal tvrm opened with an enrollment of iorty-five VTf doubled the enroll ment the 6rst month and hope to add the uamea ol twenty teachers during April. Teachers are in attendance from Carroll, Washington, Benton and Madison counties. Teachers may enter at any ti me and attend for the full term, or any fractional part of the term. The teachers in attendance are well pleased with the instructions. The greatest good feeling prevails and the works moves along gradu ally. State Supt. Shinn says five hundred teachers are showing their appreciation of special training for their work. It will be the old story verifiied, the fittest will survive. Teachers who donot realize that it is neccessa ryto take professional training wir wake up some day to find their oc cupation gone. Teachers of the Eastern Distiict of Carroll we look for you before the term closes. Come if you can only stay one month. Very Tvuly, C. S. Barnett, Pricipal fifth Congressional Dis trict Normal. The work of the State District Normal is progressing with accu racy and clearness. We have a fair enrollment already and expect to have one hundred in attendance before long,as new ones are joining us every week. Those who are in attendance are aware of the valuable instructions they are daily receiving from our efficient instructors, and show by their close application that they in tend to make the most of this gold en opportunity. The oldest teacher among us is seventy-two years of age and has taught forty-two years. He very often gives us bright ideas from his wide experience as a teacher. He knows about the “blue back spel ler” and the old log-cabin school house. We have about twice as many young ladies in the Normal as young gentlemen. We have the honor of two pairs of twins—four blushing young ladies. Two of them are ex perienced teachers, the other two preparing to teach. I think the teachers of the district do not know what they are missing by not at tending this Normal. Each instructor is very competent in his line of work, and, with Prof. Barnett a3 ^Supt., also instructor, the State District Normal w ill certainly be a power lor good. A Normalite. The Fence Tax. (By H. R. Fielding in Harrison TimeR.) As you said some time ago that you would like to know what the larmers of this county think of a stock law that would reuder all fencing unnecessary except what it would take to koep stock inside instead of outside, I thought I wou d inform you that my experience as an honest and hornyhanded farm er has confirmed the opinion which I expressed seveal times while I an editor; and that is that such a law -is very much to be desired, especially by the farmers; for the cost of building and repairing fencing is the heaviest tax they have to pay, and it is to a great ex tent unnecessary. And I believe that a large majority of the farmers are of the same opinion;— if not, I arn sure they would be, it they would only thinkaboutthe subject a little. The eo8l of building fences under the present is enormous, and the of keeping them in repain is esti mated at ten) per cent annually of the cost. A correspondent of the Ohio Parmer estimates that the yearly fence tax of this country—a tax levied by ourselves upon our selves—amouts to more than the total expenses of the Federal Goverment! Why do we tax ourselves in this outrageous manner? To fence out a lot of stock that is no,t worth fencing in; for if they were worth fencing in their owners would fence them in, and would treat them as stock ought to be treated. Let any*' farmer sit down and consider how scanty the living is which stalk can pick up outside, and how he has to teed them any. how, half the jrear, to keep them alive, and how much the quality of the stock kept on hand would be improved by the fencing-in sys tem. Lei him figure up how much the fence in his neigborhood cost to build them, and the yearly in terest on that outlay, and the year ly cost of repairs. Then let him estimate the value of the loose stock that ranges around him, and that he has gone to all this trouble agd expenso to fence out; and I think he will find out that every loose cow and hog costs the com munity in which it ranges at lei st ten times its value every year. Is there anp reason why we should continue to tax ourselves in in this way, year aftbr year? Is there any sense in it? Are not the tariff tax and the pention tax and the state tax and the county tax and the devil’s tax heavy enough, that we should thus volun tarily strap this monstrious addi tional burden upon our ediolic shoulders? Another thing that should be remembered is the fact that rail timber is very scarce and growing scarcor every year, and that rails made of timber last but a few years. Other argument might be adduc ed, but it seems to me that no ar guments are necessary to convince any sensible man that it is easier to fence around a cow than to fence around a farm. Is there not some better way of doing than our pres ent way? Let us all think about it and talk about it and write about it and agree about it, and see if we cannot by some means get rid of this Olp Man of the Sea that has been hanging around our necks so long. We have burdens enough that we cannot shake off; but this one we can shake off very easily, if we try. It seems to me that all that is needed is a law making the owners of loose stock responsible for all the damage they do, irrespective of fences. The enforcement of such : a law would not be difficult,—in i fact, it is in force in several of the j slatos, and ought to be in all com ! munities whero the farming inter i est greatly predominates. Think what an immenso saving in money i and labor would follow the remov ; al of the fence t^x! Let us hear from you, brother farmers, upon | this important subject. Obituary. Deported this life January 8th 1892, »t the insane asylum, Little j Rock. Ark., Thomas Bell, at the ad | vanced age of 74 years, 2 months ! and 23 days. He was born in the state ©t Tennessee, Nov., 6,1817. His father moved to Illinois when he was qaiet a youth. He was married January 10, 1939, to Miss Delila D. Ewing—fourteon children being the result of their union, eight of whom are now living. Soon at* ter he married he entered 120 acres of land, all in the woods, lying about six miles west of Golonda Upon this land be built a small log house, where be and his young wife began to make a living and although often in adverse circum stances, yet by hard labor, rigid economy and strict honesty, suc ceened in gaining enough of this world’s goods to make them com fortable. Mr. Bell had his membership at Mill Creek church, of United Bap tists, tor a number of number of years. He afterwards joined the Christian order. Politically he was a Republican, being one of the 26 of Pope county who voted for Linoln the first time. About this tijne (I860) he began to show signs of mental aberratior, which, as time passed on became more ap parent, until h '-as finally ad judged insane and sent to the asy lum Feb. 3, ’ 86 w’ r^he remain ed till death In the year i ? old his farm in Pope conn - • . ed to Kan sas, bought a ie, the following spring pitched a < , but the hop pers entirely desi r •; ed his growing crop. This state of things caused him to move to Boone county, Ark., where he remained until he was sent, as before stated, to the asy lum. His widowed wife, who is 70 years of age, is residing with one of her sons in th*1 town of Harrison, Boone county, A<-k—Golonda Her ald. Sound Investigated. (By B. B. Eslinger of Green Forest school.) CHAPTER V. Comparison of the Wave and Corpuscu lar Theories—Continued. We have only mentioned that sound can not travel through solids in the form of a wave and will now proceed to demonstrate that the as sertion is a fact. The first point to notice is the comparison of the waves of the ocean and those of the air. A wave on the ocean is caused by the lifting up of a mass of water, which causes a corresponding de. pression on each side. In the air the waves can not be formed in this manner as there is no surfaco above which a part of the atmosphere may be lifted above. When this defoot was noticed the supporters of the wave theory, unwilling to say that they had accepted a false theory, in stituted the supposition that tho air wave alternately condensed and rarefytthe air, a condensation and a rarefaction making one wave, and that it was neccessary for waves to transmit sound through all sub stances. We would like to ask ifyou be lieve that a sound made at one end oi a large tree would throw the en tire mass into condensations asso ciated with their neccessary rare factions? We are confident you can see that it can not be so. This ap plies with even greater effect to rock and iron, as they are denser and require greater mechanical power to throw their molecules in to vibration. We assert that no weil-ballanced mind will believe that the particles of a large mass of rook or iron can be made to oscil late by simply scratching on one side. Yet it we scratch on either side of a largo rock the sound is conveyed tc the other. The wave theory teaches that if the great or - gan-pipe, which produces sixteen vibrations a second or the lowost note, should be sounded in connect ion with a mass of iron, the tone thus produced would travel through the mass in vertable waves. Sound travels through air 60 3 Fahrenheit^ 1,120 teot a second, and seventeen times faster through iron, it must, therefore have a velocity of 19,040 a second in iron. Dividing the dis tance a sound travels in one second by the number of vibrations we Hnd the wave-length to be 1,190 feet from crest to crest. The law which governs all waves shows that with a wave of this iength the depth of furrow should be over one hundred feet. In this wave-theory is demonstrated to be false, because it is impossible to see any wave in a mass of iron, when sound is pass* ing through it, even with a very powerful microscope Another supposition which is a part of the wave theory and upotl which its strongest advocates place considerable stress is, that these condensations produce heat and the rarefactions cold, but there is a sur plus of heat produced sufficient to add one-sixth to the velocity of sound, Hence, if a locust should be seated on a mass of iron while singing it would very soon bring that body to a white heat; because when iron is heated it cannot bo cooled immediately, and as a rare faction follows instantly after a con densation will not have had time to subside before the next conden sations comes. It there is any truth in the theory every succeeding wave could not keep from raising the tempature of the iron. But it has been ascertained that not the slightest heat is produced by the transmission of sound through iron, or any other solid, no matter how intense or how long the sound may be continued. If a sound having an actual wave-length of 1,190 feet, and a depth of amphlitude so small that the most powerful magnifying glass fails to roveal it, then how much does the sound lack of a straigt course? If a line were drawn 1,190 feet so nearly straight that a magnifying glass could show no deviation, who would hesitate to pronounce it a straight line? We believe, therefore, that we are justi fied in asserting that sound follows a direct path when passing through any substance. The oorpuscular theorv claims that sound radiates from the sounding body in straight lines, and these primary systems of corpuscles radiate secondary sys tems in straight lines and so on, per meating all parts of the conducting medium. Contrary to the general idea it has boen proved that fog-horns and steam sirenes are often heard farther against the gale than with it. This being the fact we natural ly come to the conclusion that sound is carried by some other sub stance than air waves, and, also, that is corpuscles, for neither of these can travel against a gale. Prof. Tyndall's own words g * to show that he has doubts about ihe wave theory* After noticing an instance similar to above he jrs “Plainly then something els* tan wind must be influential in d. ma in ing the range of sound/’ [to bkoowtinukd.]