The courier-index., November 23, 1917, Image 2

About The courier-index. (Marianna, Ark.) 1917-current

Image provided by: Arkansas State Archives

                
ARKANSAS CAMPUS
OF THE UNIVERSITY
Agricultural Extension Division Heips
Solve Practically All the
Problems.
,By W, C. Lassetter. Director Exten
sion Division. lTniversilv of Ark
ansas.
"Arkansas the Campus of the Uni
versity” has become a reality. The
(Agricultural Extension Division or
ganized in a small vwy only a few
years ago has grown in extent of ser
vile and in range of subject matter
until now the University is in position
to serve any community in the state
Is connection with pi**cfJc*lly ary of
Its agricultural problems.
Unity of Effort.
Through a memorandum of under
standing the College of Agriculture of
the University and the United S'ates
Department of Agriculture have
agreed tba* all extension work con
ducted in the state by either institu
tion will be through a central otganl
ration. the Extension Piytglnn $£ the
„Cp]]efe of Agriculture. This insurt s
ujljty o£ effort and avoids useless du
•-i; Aot j°n
The Agri- ultural Extension Work
is founded on the fundamental prin
ciple that the best way of teaching is
through demonstration. For this rea
son the term "Demonstration Work"
is very often used.
Organization.
1 The College of Agriculture of the
University and the U. S. Department
of Agriculture look to the Director of
Extension as their joint representa
tive responsible to each. Under this
organization the State Agent ha
charge of County Agent work; the
State Home Demonstration Agent., the
County Agent Work for Women; the
State Boys’ and Girls’ Club Agent,
iClub Work; and highly trained spec
ialists in the several phases of agri
culture and home economics.
County Agent Work.
i Sixty-two county agents, employed
Jointly by the Extension Division and
the county, visit farmers on their own
farms, in their own communities, at
their own schools; advise them as to
best farm practices for their particu
lar soil, farm, and market conditions;
toonduct demonstrations with them;
.enroll and instruct farmer boys in
the club work of corn, cotton, i anut,
pier, or calf growing; and each be
comes a guiding factor in shaping the
agricultural growth of his county
along lines of greatest economic value
,to the county.
iDemonstrations Within Farm Homes.
Foity-geven trained women (next
,year there will b'* sixty), County
jHome Demonstration Agents, assist
the farnt wives in their off" ns to be
come better housekeepers. 11 • . too,
ihe demonstration is the basis on
which the lesson is targht. The girls
are taught to grow a tenth acre of to
matoes or oth< r vegetables, or a p<-n
of chickens. Cannmg'and drying of
fruits and vegetables are tautrln
through actual demonstrations. \V>
men and girls study bread making,
eewins. and the many other household
problems through demonstrations con
ducted by the agent. But by far the
greater effect of the work is the de
velopment of leadership on the part,
of local people xvho volunteer an.I aid
In promoting the work in the many
communities of the countv.
Supervision.
For economy and efficiency in su
pervision cf the work the s',or- is di
vided into five districts of fifteen coun
ties each. The District Agent (man'
is responsible to the State A o nt for
the work of each of the county agents
In his district. The District Home
.Deconstration Agent (woman) is re
sponsible to the Si ate Home Demon
stration Agent for the work of the
County Home Demonstration Agents
in her district.
County Ag»nts are called upon for
Information in all branches of agri
culture. He, therefore, cannot spe
cialize in any one branch of agricul
ture. More or less technical informa
tion of a specialized chcaracter ia
necessary for certain types of farm
ing in all counties of the state. This
demand Is met by providing special
ists, men w*o have*had opportunity
to make special study of a certain
braneh of agriculture and placing
their services at the disposal of the
County Agents to instruct them and
assist them in instructing others. The
following lines are now supplied with
■one or more specialists: Animal hus
bandry, dairying, horticulture, home
economies, livestock diseases, farm
machinery, poultry and marketing.
Ultimate Aim.
While the Extension Division was
apparently created as an agency for
carrying the information possessed by
the "University, the Experiment Sta
tions, and the Department of Agricul
ture to the people, it would be a fail
ure if leadership among the people
did not result. The ultimate aim is
the development of leadership among
■ 11 the people."
DON'T LET WEEVILS
DESTROY CORN
Don’t let the weevils destroy your
corn, especially the seed corn. They
can be killed by fumigating with ear
tK>n bi sulphide. Write to the Arkan
sas Experiment Station for direc
tions.
World's Supply of Pork Is Estimated
To Be Thirty-five Per
Cent Short.
By Dr. V. W. Knowles, Extension Di
vision, University of Arkansas. State
Veterinarian, Bureau of Animal In
dustry and lr. S, Department of Ag
riculture, Co-operating.
Arkansas lost 154.000 hogs in 1918
from hog cholera, and the losses this
year will be even greater un
less our people take every precaution
to protect their animals. With the
world's supply pf pork approximately
35 per cent short, ibe situatiort is seri-.
ous and everything must be done, pot.
alily to prevent these losses, which i
are a burden the farmers themselves j
have to bear, but to conserve the meat '
supplies of the nation.
Since the hog supplies approximate
ly one-half of all meats consumed in
th? United States, conservation of,
h'fVfrs nffw on band find gTeafly fricreas-'
ed production become of the highest
importance. Increased production can
be effected not onlv by breeding more
bows, but by using registered boars,
tints producing offspring that will be
larger in size and lietter feeders. If
every farmer will retain in his herd'
every good gilt to be bred this fall ,
and next spring the meat supply will
be greatly increased during the next
year, and the farmer will have done !
much toward the winning of Dip war.
Hog cholera causes more than 90 j
per cent of ail losses in hogs ill the ‘
C t o t no • tVin nfni'i. onncnrvntinTi .
of our meat supply means the control j
of hog cholera. In the South, where
the temperatures arc more or less uni- j
form, severe outbreaks of hog cholera j
may occur at any season of the year, I
but usually it is most virulent and
•reaches its greatest height during the
fall and early winter.
Hog cholera occurs in a herd only
through the introduction of the spe
cific germ that causes it. Hogs affect
ed with cholera discharge the germ
from their bodies through the urine,
the feces, and the secretions of the
nose and eyes. Therefore, the ma
nure, bedding, litter of all sorts, and
the dirt in pens where sick hegs are
kept contain the germs of the disease.
These germs may enter the system of
the well hog by means of food or
drink, and probably also through
wounds in the skin.
The extensive shipment of hogs by
rail has resulted in the germ of chol
era being deposited in public stock
■ yards and railroad cars. It has also
; been deposited on farm- rn practically
every community in Arkansas, where
it will remain virulent for a year or
longer. It is believed that any agency
which may become a carrier of ma
nure, bedding, litter or dirt from in
; fecTed cars, stock yards or farms to
! well herds, or the introduction of dis
eased hogs therein may he the means
of infecting the well herd.
If cholera appears in a community
it may he promptly and effectively
controlled by the serum treatment.
! This is a treatment which has been
j developed in Hip United States De
| partment of Agriculture ar<t is recom
mended by all the states in the Union.
Arkansas is fortunate in having the
State Serum Riant at Little Rock
which furnishes serum at cost to the
residents of the state.
Farmers desiring information rela
tive to the control of hog cholera are
in* i''-Vi ■ w vuiituu 111 v i iihiii \ cigt'lil ill
Ills county, with the Extension Divi
sion of the University of Arkansas,
Dr. R. M. Gow, State Veterinarian*
Little Rock, or Dr. V. W. Knowles, In
spec’or in Charen of Hog Cholera
Work, Old Statohoiise, Little Rock,
Ark.
MORE PASTURES NEEDED TO RE
DUCE THE COST OF MILK PRO
DUCTtON IN ARKANSAS.
A committee of experts with the
Agricultural Extension Division in
their survey to determine the cost of
milk production around Little Rock
and Hazen found the following to be
true:
“The cost of feed and pasture per
cow per year was $114 at Little Rock
and $65 at Hazen. or a difference of
$49. Each Little Rock eow ate 8
pounds more rouhgage per day and
half a pound more concentrates per
day in the winter season than did
their Hazen competitors. They also
ate 5 1-2 more pounds of concentrates
per day in the summer season. The
ldttle R< ek cows produced 3,821
pound? of milk per year while the
Hazen cof? produced 3,240 pounds.
The cost of feed per quart of milk
wa? about two cents higher at Little
Rock than at Hazen.”
This difference was undoubtedly
due to the fact that the dairymen at
Hazen live on a prairie and have
plenty of pasture while the Little
Rock dairymen live on farms often
not exceeding 10 acres and buy prac
licallv all of their feed. According
to the committee, Arkansas’ need for
the economical production of milk is
better cows and more permanent pas
tures made up of Bermuda grass, les
pedcza, ourr and white clover for the
central and southern part of the state
and orchard grasa for the northern
,part of the state.
0 —V— 0-O-O-O-O-0-o
1 I
0 SCRAPS o
1 ' I
o—.—o-o-o-<-o-o-o
A Riverhead (N. Y.) woman will
ed about $10,000 to her maid for
faithful service.
About 70,000 fhurch bells in Ger
many have been melted for muni
tions of war.
President Hadley, of Yale, pre
dicts a series of wars if the allies
do not win the present struggle.
The German Roman Catholic Cen
tral Verin of St. Louis, has decided
to drop the word ‘German” from its
title.
In England all carts and wagons
must bear the owner's name and ad
dress before being used in a public
highway.
The recent order for 7,000,000 pairs
of army shoes at $4.65 a pair is the
largest order for shoes ever placed
by the government, and the bill will
total more than $32,500,000.
The programs, newspapers, lunch
wrappers, etc., picked up by the park
employes after the first two games
of the world’s series at Chicago,
weighed 7,500 pounds. They produc
ed 71 bales and sold for $30.
The four biggest firms in the
United States, doing a business Of,
nearly $150,000,000 a year, depend
on nickels and dimes. There are
four five and ten cent stores in this !
country that made sales last year of j
$87,000,444 from nickels and dimes.
In the vault of the United States
land office at Springfield. Mo., are
1.500 undelivered patents to govern-j
ment lands aggregating 150,000 acres, |
pnd an effort is being made to find j
the patentees, else the titles to thf* ]
lands involved will always be hn-1
perfect. Some of the patents are I
dated prior to the civil war.
There were 5.848,930 forest trees j
raised at the four state nurseries in
New Zealand during the fiscal year
ending March 31, 1917, and 5,419.509'
trees were planted in the eight
government plantations of the do
minion covering 2.760 fiCretS. The
total area planted since the start of
operation in 1896 is 29.992 acres.
It was the “traveling circus” of
Baron von Richthofen, made up of
forty or more airplanes, which sur
rounded Capt. Guynemer. the French
aviator and succeeded in killing
him. It has been the method of
these air soldiers to travel in large
jmi lies emu oni 1 uunit aiiicu mai iinu
Circling about they prevent their
escape and finally, shoot down their
adversary. •
The -principal entente belligerents
have about 170,000 motor cars and
the central powers have 130,000 en
gage’l in the war. The cars use
by the entente powers are engaged
as follows: England 30,000. includ
ing 15.000 for conveyance of supplies
France 80.000, including 25.000 for
carrying supplies; Russia 40.000 in
cluding 20.000 for carrying supplies;
Italy 10,000. including 5,000 for car
rying supplies; Belgium 10,300; Rou
mania t,700 and Serbia 125.
When the former czar was asked
to state his wishes as to the course
the railway, which connects Petro
grad and Moscow, should take, he
drew a perfectly r*~nfght line be
tween the two capitals and the engin
1 eers proceeded accordingly, although
they had many natural difficulties
,to overcome and the expense would
have been much less if they had
made some deviations. This is prob
ably the longest straight railway
line in the world.
A traveling bathtub in a motor
car, manned by an American doctor
and a Red Cross nurse, is on its
way through the devastated region
around Nese, France, carrying medi
cal aid and soap to 1.200 under
nourished unsmiling little French
; children, who swarm over a group if
i seven villages. While the doctor
pumps water through the shower
the nurse scrubs. As the child
whitens the water blackens. At the
finish the rubber shower tube is sud
denly shifted into a bucket of fresh
, cold water and the hath ends with
an unexpected douse accompanied
by screams and squeals.
There are about 72,000 Chinese,
about 78.000 Japanese and about
5,000 Hindoos in the United States.
In 1013 sugar refiners in the Unit
ed States exported 28,000 tons of
Don’t Forget
*' WWW- ' >
Your
I
Insurance
?
You cannot afford to let your property fSfP
go unprotected. It’s our business to in
sure you against loss by fire or tornado.
| If you place your business in our hands
there will be no forgetting. We look
carefully after every little detail for you.
We extend the maximum protection for
a moderate cost.
The Weld-Dupuy-Mixon Co.
PHONE 198 I
S. D. JO VSTOn]
WHOLESALE DEALER' j
All kinds of feed stuffs, flour and meal.
The stock of groceries, case and shelf |j
goods, cigars, etc., of the Marianna 1
Wholesale Grocery Co., for sale until all I
closed out at bargain prices. Special at
tention given to selling car loads of hay,
grain, flour. Mixed cars shorts, bran, ,
' I
chops, mixed feeds, oats, etc. Give me
{ A *
a chance to figure with you.
II T E R M S : — C A S H 1
j. ' S. D. JOHNSTON
1.!-^===^-^-' --gr-?=====a^r:rB======^ J
I
sugar, in 918 almost 704.000 tons.
In 1913 almost 13,000 of the aliens'
who shought entrance into our coun-!
try were excluded, and more than
3,000 who were here in violation of j
the law were sent back.
A dog in Henifer, N. H., in pursu-,
ing a hedgehog. . climbed from limb
to limb of a tree to a height of 4i>'
feet. It took the help of three boys
to get him down.
Green ink of the kind used in pre
paring Uncle Sam's bank notes, was
patented in 1857. Its inventor was |
Stacy J. Edson. This ink is anti- j
photographis. Nor can counterfeit- ;
ers remove it with alkalies.
One hundred thousand dollars of a
gift of $220,000 from the late Mrs.!
Francesca N'ast Gamble to the Meth-!
odist board of foreign missions will
be used to build Methodist head
J uiarters at Petrograd and Bucharest.
Many young women of England
have formed a League of Honor, j
each promising “by the help of God
to do all that is in my power to
uphold the honor of the empire -ami j
its defenders in this time of war, by
| prayer, purity, temperance and self
denial.”
Walter B. Smith of Bangor, Me.,
| has dug from the river bank musical j
j stones which are thought to have j
| been fashion d by prehistoric man.;
I These stones are from one and a
| half to two inches thick and from
I eight to twelve inches long. When j
j struck they emit musical tones.
A training school for radio operat-1
1 ors of the American merchant marine j
has been established in Boston with
j the aid of several government depart
; ments. There are facilities permit
ting the instruction of forty men,
and the coiwse, which is free, ex- i
tends through six months.
The average sized Alaska walrus
j is as big as an ox, and often weighs
; more than a ton. A walrus was re
! cently killed by some whalers near
Point Barrow whose head weighed
! eighty pounds, and skin. Including
; flippers, 500 pounds. The animal
had a girth of fourteen feet, the
skin was from half an inch to three
....
inches in thickness, and the blubber
weighed 500 pounds.
New Orleans recently moved a
brick church intact eleven blocks.
The value of otters is fully recog
nized by the Chinese, who,train them
to fish.
The king of Siam has a bodyguard
of 400 trained and armed women
doing service in his capital.
A book agent entered a Kansas
school and, after inducing the young
woman teacher to dismiss the class,
persuaded her to buy $27.50 worth of
books.
When they ran out of yarn several
North Dakota women did not stop
knitting, but sheared the wool from
their own sheep, which they carded
and spun, and kept on with th*ir
knitting for the tjoldiers.
The mangrove of the south from
Florida to the mouth of the Missis
sippi is a curious plant not closely
related to any other genus, but
somewhat approaching the myrtle
family and is a plant of unusual in
terest.
A Korean servant, whose yearly
salary was his food, clothing and
63 1-2 cents, recently was a surgical
patient in the An long missionary
hospital. Out of gratitude to the
hospital for his cure he gave it all
he had, 63 1-2 c. nts.
Captain Luis Llanso, of Spain, ar
rived in San Francisco recently with'
his wife and nine children. The chil
dren were born in several different
countries Montserrat in Spain. Es
tela in Portugal. Joaquin in United
States, Luis in China, Francisco in
Japan, Josefa and Mar in Manila,
and Nuria and Jaime, twins, on the
Pacific.
-o—•
CHAIN LETTERS
(Indianapolis News)
Whether or not there is any basis
for the belief that German propa
gandists have evolved a plot to clog
up the mails with millions of “chain”
letters, and in view of all that has
hannened it seems ' reasonable
enough, there is no reason why any
one should pay any attention to
such letters.” Some of the letters
which have fallen into the hands of
the government are plain German
propaganda; others refer only in
cidentally to the war; all are said
to have a central and possibly a
German origin. That the government
is making an investigation indicates
that the letters already have become
numerous enough to be a postal
nuisance. They could not have be
come so if their recipients had exer
cised a little thought and common
sense.
The letters usually contain a plea
that the recipient make a copy and
send it to nine others, ending with
a threat that dire evil will befall
those who fail to do so. The threat
and the mysteriousness of the letter
usually have an influence to which
some persons are susceptible. There
is a dread that maybe something
will happen, and a feeling that noth
ing will be lost by doing what the
letter asks. A moment’s serious
thought would show the absurdity of
such fears.
Possibly many have copied the
letters and sent them on an ever
widening circle with the thought
that they might be the means of
good. This is said of the type of
letters containing prayers for the
safety of American troops abroad.
There is strong reason to believe
that these leters have German origin.
Nothing will be lost by throwing all
classes of chain letters into the
waste basket.
-o—
THANKSGIVING DAY SERVICES
Saint Andrew’s church.
Holy communion, 7:00 a. m.
Morning prayer, 10:00 a. m.
The parishoners are asked to send
the usual offerings of fruit, vege
tables, etc., on Wednesday, Novem
-°r 28, 1917, for the decoration of
tbe church.
-o
Napoleon said of Prussia that it
was hatched frim a cannon ball, and
had he been a prophet he would have
said that the same agency that
brought it into the world would be
the means of its removal.
TEACH THE CHILDREN
The cleanliness o. the mouth is
very desirable for the sake of the
general health. It b important and
necessary to the preservation of the
teeth and to the phy ical welfare of
the gums.
A perfect tooth, kept, perfect!?
clean, will not decay. True, it mav
be impossible to maintain a degree
of cleanliness in the human mouth
which may properly be termed per- i
feet; but constant care and watchful
ness to insure the prompt removal
of all particles of food from the
teeth, alter eating, will do much
toward attaining that object.
The teeth should be brushed at
the morning toilet, and just before
retiring at night, as well as after
edch meal. The teeth should be
brushed from he gums toward the ;
biting edges, to avoid irritating the
margin of the gums, both toward the
cheeks and the tongue. Then the
grinding surfaces should he brushed :
backward and forward and cross- j
wise to remove every particle of
food from the fissures.
The brush should be used some
what as a clothes brush is used In ;
brushing a fine fabrl* rather than j
as a scrub brush Is used In scrub
bing the floor.
-o
At present the int otion >f the gov- j
eminent is merely to reduce waste.
The reduction of waist may come
later.
-o
Count von HertHng. the new Ger
man chancellor, can evnect to ma't?
good or go hurtling after his prede
cessors.
©MB® EOT WATER
W TOO ©ESSIE A !
10S¥ C0MPLESSOS !
Says we can’t help but look
better and feel better
after an In6ide bath.
To look one’s best and feel one’s best
Is to enjoy an Inside bath each morn
lng to flush from the system hepre
vious day’s waste, sor.r fermentauw
and poisonous toxins before it -
sorbed into the blood. Jl‘Bt a®a c^r!
when it burns, leaves b?bin'' a riai
tain amount of Incombustible ma®
in the form of ashes, so ,be. fo<^f
drink taken each (lay Jeav®
mentary organs a certain anio n
indigestible material, which if
eliminated, form toxins and P .
which are then sucked into£e Jj°J!
through the very ducts which are^
tended to suck in only noun
to sustain the body. 0f
If you want to see thei P . gee
healthy bloom in your cb°*k*’“ you
your skin get clearer and U»rer.
are told to drink every morn»»«
arising, a glass of hot water la
teaspoonful of limestone phospbam
it, which is a harmless means tA
iiigs the waste material an and
from the stomach, liver, k i1 n8 d
bowels, thus cleai sing, sweetening^
purifying the entire alimentary
before putting more food Into u e
‘l<Men and women with sallow
liver spots, pimples or pa» ith
plexlon, also those wlio wake
a coated tongue, bad taste,
breath, others who are bothered
headaches, bilious spoils 1)0S,
or constipation should begin th* are
phated hot water drinking
assured of very pronounced
one or two weeks. _ hoS.
A quarter pound of lime* pdnlg
phate costs very little a| 0I1Bti*te
store but Is sufficient to water
that just as soap aIulfrf"bL8 the
cleanses purifies and ber and
skin on the outside, so bo inSide
limestone phosphate act o jder that
organs. We must always c° ^ lnl.
internal sanitation is vasty ^ bB.
portant than outside clet absorb
cause the skin pores do tbe
impurities into the blood,
bowel pores do