Eastern Colorado times., June 27, 1913, Image 3

About Eastern Colorado times. (Cheyenne Wells, Colo.) 1912-1913

Image provided by: History Colorado

                
BACK YARD FARMED
Interesting Pointers on Garden
ing for the City Man or
Suburbanite.
WHAT TO PLANT AND WHEN
Advice by an Expert on Agricultural
Matters—Vines and Climbers—
When to Plant Shrubs—
Raspberries.
By PROF. JOHN WILLARD BOLTE.
The function of vines and climbing
plants In landscape art Is to screen
and soften mechanical features, to hide
unsightly objects, to blend together
Into a harmonious whole, various dis
cordant elements.
Varieties are a matter of taste, and
If you will leave to your wife the .ques
tion of proper location for vines, you
will not go far wrong, from an ar
tistic standpoint. The truth is that
good vines are almost always In har
mony, no matter where they are
placed. Use them freely where you
have a bare place.
Many an untidy fence can be made
Into a bower of delight by properly
placed vines. The honeysuckles, wood
bine from the deep woods, Kudzu vine,
wild grape, clematis panlculata, and
many others, can be secured at a tri
lling expense, grow quickly, and are
hardy.
In the more southern Btates, Smith’s
hybrid moon-vine Is particularly de
lightful.
The Jewel of porch climbers Is the
Jackmanll type of clematis. White,
lavander and pink, the blossoms come
In reckless profusion, and If you
are careful to get strong pot-grown
plants, plant them In a rich, deep
earth, without disturbing the roots,
and do your transplanting about June
1, you will almost certainly succeed.
Be sure to plant In a sunny spot,
where water from the eaves will not
compact the earth. Water well until
the plant gets a good start.
A fast growing, pleasant vine for the
new porch is the Japanese Ivy. A
few plants put In the soil alongside the
porch in the sun will rapidly spread
by way of the roots, and will form a
thick, fragrant: curtain of light green,
clear to the tr>p of the porch by the
middle of summer. This plant In
creases so rapidly that one must be
careful to prevent its crowding out
other less aggressive neighbors.
Scarlet runner beans are a great fa
vorite in northern climes for yearly
planting, as are the wild cucumbers
with tbeir tracery leaves and tendrils
and their cool prickly fruit pods.
Of course where climbing roses can
be successfully grown, there is abso
lutely nothing to compare with them
in their gorgeous magnificence They
call for the same soil conditions and
care as bush roses, but they are less
hardy as a rule in the Inland and
northern states.
In the eastern states and anywhere
that cool, moist summer and even
winter temperature prevails, the Eng
lish Ivy grows in profusion. Nothing
can be more satisfactory, particularly
In connection with stone or brick
structures of massive appearance. It
seems to live forever In hospitable
environments, and It will frequently
cover an entire house, even to the
chimney top. It is well to prevent it
from covering wooden surfaces, how
ever, as Its thick foliage holds moist
ure- and hastens the decay of the
wood, the rusting of nails, etc.
Many ways of supporting vines are
used, from strings to graceful wooden
trellises. Chicken wire may be used to
advantage-, and will last a number of
years.
Planting Shrubs.
Spring la the favorite season for
shrub planting. Not that most shrubs
cannot be transplanted at almost any
season of the year, but we all feel
more interested In outdoor things
when the robins first come back.
Shrubbeiy about the house is a con
stant Joy to all who behold it. Break
ing up harsh linea and Joining to
gether the more antagonistic features,
It gives a finish and an air of per
manency to any place.
In choosing varieties for special
uses, particular attention should be
given to the form, color and charac
ter of blossoms, and foliage, together
with blooming period and general ap
pearance of the shrub. Tall, straggling
shrubs, like some of the lilacs and
azaleas, give - better effects when
placed at a distance, and either mass
ed or planted against buildings, fences,
etc. More symmetrical shrubs and
the smaller varieties can be planted
singly or grouped in beds In the fore
ground.
For planting about porches, noth
ing is mdre handsome or more grace
ful than bridal wreath. It can well
bo supplanted with several other
shrubs which bloom at different times,
however.
The hardy snowball is more satis
factory planted alone In an expanse
of green lawn. Tills la also the case
with any' of the larger symmetrical
shrubs.
For hedges, probably nothing will
give better results than California
Privet or Arbor Vitae. Barberry, Jap
anese Quinces, Sweet Briar and many
others are frequently used for lower
and less compact hedges, road bor
ders, etc.
Where It Is desired to conceal
buildings, nothing Is better than lilacs,
sumach, and some of the dwarf ever
greens.
In preparing to plant-shrubs, dig
the holes or trenches a foot deeper
than necessary, and All In that foot
with rich earth over six inches of
stable manure, leaving the earth rath
er loose.
Trim off all broken, rotten, or dis
eased roots, spread the roots well and
Bet the plant in the hole .so that It
will be an Inch or two deeper than It
was before. Fill the hole half-way
with fine rich earth, mix in a quarter
of a pound of some complete fertilizer,
soak the earth with water and then
fill up the rest of the hole. Tramp
the earth down firmly and heap it up'
to take care of settling later on.
The branches should be trimmed in
proportion to the root trimming, or
the plant will die through lack of
food. Keep unplanted shrubs moist
and cool. If necessary to delay plant
ing, lay them slantingly In a trench,
cover the roots with moist earth and
keep them watered.
Raising Raspberries.
There is no fruit more desirable or
more easily grown than the red or
black raspberries. The plants cost
little and one can get them for nothing
by making cuttings from wild bushes.
They are much more easily grown
than strawberries, and are much less
trouble. The strawberry bed must be
boed, trimmed and weeded regularly
or It will be completely covered up,
but the raspberry will produce luxuri
antly under adverse conditions and
even downright neglect.
Two thirty-foot rows, one of a good
red and one a black variety, will fur
nish abundant fruit for the average
family and the entire cost of having
all the raspberries you want for a
month’s time every year need not ex
ceed the cost of a littlfi fertilizer and
a little Bordeaux mixture.
A raspberry patch will bear some
fruit the second year and It will carry
a heavy crop thereafter, for as much
as ten years.
They will grow well In any well
drained, fertile soil and the black I
varieties require a little richer soil
than the reds. Neither will do as
well as the blackberry on sandy ■or
poor soils. ,
Buy your plants from a nursery man
and put them Into a well prepared
seed bed in the spring. Plant In rows,
having the plants about two and one
half feet apart Set the plants a lit
tle deeper than they were at the
nursery, firm the soil well and water
occasionally for a week or two.
The ground, should have a liberal
covering of stable manure before turn
ing over, and it will be well to work
into the 801 l around each plant about
one-fourth of a pound of a mixture of
bone meal, three parts and muriate of
potash one part. Fertilize In this pro
portion each year, keep the ground
cultivated and you should have heavy
crops of large, juicy berries every
year.
Beds located In exposed positions in
very cold climates will need to have
the canes laid down and covered with
earth and straw during the winter.
When the bushes are properly
pruned and fertilized, It will not be
necessary to support them, but there
are many advantages In tying the
canes up to wire supports.
Be careful in the pruning. After
the first year cut all of the old canes
out as soon as they have fruited. At
the same time cut out surplus and
feeble canes. In the early spring cut
out all canes w-hich have been winter
killed and trim all remaining stalks
about a third.
Rust and anthracnose are the most
common diseases. Spray with Bor
deaux for the first one and cutout and
burn the diseased canes If rust ap
pears. Slugs or worms can be killed
by spraying with ht.lebore or arsenate
of lead.
Raspberries frequently produce 2,600
quarts of fruit per acre in a single
year.
Working the Land.
Work to make each acre produce to
the utmost. As land gets higher we
will have to come to It. More inten
sive farming and less extensive will
make better farmers that will get
more out of life. There Is no use to
have money invested and pay taxes
on two acres if you can make the
same grow on one acre. This we can
do by Increasing the fertility and giv
ing better cultivation. If you are go
ing to cultivate it, you would better
have a medium-sized farm than a
large one.
■Harness Punch Is Handy.
Got a harness punch? It costs only
a quarter, and with a package of cop
per rivets breaks can be mended In a
Jiffy.
NEW CURRENCY BILL
DETAILS OF ADMINISTRATION
MEASURE GIVEN OUT.
Provides for Reserve Banks and
Would Create About $500,000,-
000 More Treasury Notes.
Waatern Newspaper Union News Service.
Detail of Currency Bill.
Committee to divide country into not
less than twelve districts, each to have
federal reserve city.
Each reserve city will have a federal
reserve bank.
Thero will be fifteen federal reserve
banks.
Central control through a federal
board of nine members.
Proposed new federal reserve notes
limited to $300,000,000.
Security for these notes may be gov
ernment or state bonds or approved
commercial paper.
National bank depositories to be su
perseded by the federal reserve banks.
Board or control given authority to
fix rate of interest.
Headquarters of the federal reserve
board to be situated in Washington.
Authority given to country banks to
lend' money on farming lands.
Provision for banks of $1,000,000 or 1
more of capital to establish branch
banks in foreign countries.
Washington. — The admisistratlon
currency bill was made public by Rep
resentative Glass, chairman of the
House committee on banking and cur
rency. It will be introduced in the
House and Senate after President Wil
son has delivered in person hts ad
dress to Congress.
An outline of the measure prepared
by Mr. Glass states that It will be gone
over in detail for alterations, and sets
out that its purposes is to accomplish
three principal objects:
Provision of a means for redis
counting commercial paper of speci
fied types.
A basis for elastic notes properly
safe-guarded.
Machinery for doing foreign bank
ing business.
The measure’s essentials provide for
twelve or more federal reserve banks
which will rediscount paper, deal in
government securities, exchange and
conduct government tiscal operations.
National banks and such state bank
and trust companies as conform to
: standards would be stockholders of the
reserve banks. The government would
bold no stock.
| The government would control the
federal reserve banks entirely through
a federal reserve board of seven mem
bers in which the banks would have
no representation. The board would
be composed of the secretary of the
treasury, secretary of agriculture and
comptroller of the currency as mem
bers ex-officio. Four other members
would be chosen by the President and
confirmed by the Senate.
The national bank note circulation
would remain undisturbed and no pro
posal is made in the bill for retiring
approximately $700,000,000 two per
cent bonds upon which that note issue
now rests. An amendment or separate
bill to refund these bonds into three
per cent bonds may be introduced
later.
In addition to the $700,000,000 ex
isting national bank notes, not more
than $500,000,000 in what are to be
known as federal reserve treasury
notes might be Issued at the discre
tion of the federal reserve board, sole
ly for the purpose of making advances
to the federal reserve banks, which
would do no business with the public,
deal only with their member-banks and
receive deposits only from the United
States.
While the notes on their face would
purport to be the obligations of the
United States, they would be required
to be secured by a gold reserve of 33
1-3 per cent provided by the federal
reserve bank, and would be a first and
paramount lien on the assets of these
banks and would be redeemable in
gold on demand of the treasury de
partment at the city of Washington
or any federal bank.
MILLION FOR FLOOD RELIEF.
Secretary McAdoo Asks Congress for
$8,000,000 for Emergency Obliga
tions.
Washington. Government depart
ments urgently need $8,000,000 and
Secretary McAdoo asked Congress to
appropriate for the decencies and
emergencies. The Interstate com
merce commission needs $1,500,000
for the physical valuation of rail
roads, and $1,000,000 must be had to
repay the Mississippi river flood re
lief expenses. Of the war and navy
departments, $25,000 to begin the Ar
lington national cemetery memorial
amphitheater, SIOO,OOO for the new in
dustrial relations commission; $162,-
000 for the new department of labor,
SB,OOO for the Atlantic iceberg patrol,
SIOO,OOO for the production cost in
vestigation of the bureau of domestic
and foreign commerce; $1,000,000 for
replacing 'stores destroyed in the
Benecin arsenal, California; $500,000
for various public buildings and $49,-
000 for the civil service commission
examinations.
THE OLD LIBERTY BELL
Religiously preserved In Independence Hall, Philadelphia, Is the Lib
erty Hell which rang to celebrate the adoption of the Declaration of Inde
pendence on July 4, 1776. It was brought from England In 1752 and the
next year was recast with the words "Proclaim Liberty Throughout All the
Land, and Unto All the Inhabitants Thereof” Inscribed on It. For many
years It was rung annually on the Fourth of July, but In 1S35, while being
tolled in memory of Chief Justice Marshall it was broken. Liberty Bell in
past years has been taken to many cities for exhibition, but of late this
practice has been abandoned in order that it may be preserved.
HOW TO CELEBRATE
Many Cities Join Movement for
Sane Fourth of July.
Casualty Lists Have Been Greatly Re
duced—Fine Example of Proper
Observance Set by Spring
field, Mass.
REPORT published by the
Russell Sage Foundation on
“How the Fourth Was Cel
ebrated in 1911,” gives con
clusive proof that the
movement inaugurated In
many cities for a sane and
safe observance of the day
resulted in reducing the
death roll. The number of
casualties by fire and acci
dent was 1,603. In 1909
_A
i
there were 5,307 victims of their own
or another’s carelessness. Last year
161 cities made a point of holding
sane celebrations, but there remains
over 1,100 cities of 5,000 population
that have not embraced the reform.
It is hoped that this year many other
cities and villages will fall in line.
Besides the gain in ridding the day
of fires and accidents, the sane meth
od of observance has given a larger
amount of pleasure to the public pnd
in many localities has been historical
ly instructive as well. In New .York
city' many large celebrations are
planned for different centers which
will include parades, pageants, histor
ical tableaux, music and speeches by
well known men on events and people
connected with our national history.
MUNROE TAVERN, LEXINGTON
Earl Percy's headquarters and hos
pital. April 19, 1775. The Munro«
Tavern, built 1695.
Beside the celebrations, devised for
our English-speaking residents, there
will be special festivals and celebra
tlons in the Italian, Hungarian, Bo
hemian and Jewish sections of the
city where our more newly arrived cit
izens will hear the history of their
adopted land explained ip their own
tongue and illustrated by stereopticon
views or tableaux.
An example of this kind of celebra
tion was set two years ago in Spring
field, Mass., at the Instance of the set
tlement workers of that city. It re
quired, to be sure, some time and
thought, but the result was a beauti
ful, poetic and educational holiday—
with no aftermath of killed and wound
ed. There were processions, a bal
loon ascension, games, folk dances,
athletic contests, boat races, band con
certs and public fireworks —but no
firecrackers. •
One of the processions was a thing
unique in America. Each nationality
in the city was invited to put a float in.
line. The Pilgrims were there to rep-"
resent the old American stock; be
side them came a huge Viking ship on
wheels, sent by the Swedes; English
residents put in line a float showing
the signing of Magna Charta; the
Scotch, Queen Mary, escorted by kilted
Highlanders; the French Canadians,
Champlain in his boat on the St. Law
rence; Greeks, Italians and Irish, Ar
menians, Poles and negroes all made
suitable and interesting contributions
to the line. Probably a more unifying
and citizen making celebration was
never seen in America.
LARGEST OF OFFICIAL FLAGS
Mammoth Banner Hangs in the Mid
dle of the Post Office Building
at Washington. t
If patriotism were measured by the
yards of red. white and blue bunting
made into the form of the flag of the
nation, the biggest assignment of it
would be found in the post office build
ing at Washington, for here hangs the
biggest official flag that was ever
made, although there are larger unof
ficial flags. It also was made at the
little flagshop on the side street. The
building which houses the headquar
ters of the postal service and keeps
its finger on the pulse of all Uncle
Sam's mails, boasts this mammoth
flag.
The great building ia constructed
about a hollow square at the bottom of
which is the glass-roofed floor space
where the local mail is handled. Above
this rise eight or nine stories of ma
sonry Inclosing the hollow square. In
the middle of this hangs the great flag
reaching nearly the height and width
of it It is solitary and alone, with but
the masonry as a background. It is
impreesive so hung and people come
far to see it, and the idle passerby ia
often brought to attention and stands
in unconscious admiration.
Some of the greatest men this coun
try has ever produced succeeded in
retaining all their fingers.