Atlanta Georgian. [volume], May 31, 1914, One Star Extra, Page 2 D, Image 2

About Atlanta Georgian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1912-1939

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used by the army scouts to reconnoiter for General Funston » T
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Plans March on Capital, Which He Thinks Will
Be Almost Unopposed Because Federals
Fear Him. Says He “Is Needed” There.
,C:;;lnuod Fr;m::go 1
we should be friendly to the United
States. One is that Americans have
helped us greatly. The other is that
they are immeasurably stronger than
we.”
“But suppose Huerta forces a war?”
1 asked.
“That would be perdition of both
Mexico and the United States,” he
replied. “For though we are but rats
beside the United States, our men are
very persistent and can live on noth
ing, and it would cost much time,
mwoney and men to conquer us. But
there is no reason for such a war
and 1t will not be.” 4
“What are your plans, general?”’
1 inquired. *“WIiI you move south
ward from here?””
“No. This is not my territory,” he
answered. “I will return to-morrow
or the following day to Torreon.”
The raliroad has been repaired
Carranza Should Have Set
Up Nation, Say Observers
WASHINGTON, May 20 —Ever
since President Wilson sent his ulti
matum to Provisional President Huer
ta, demanding a salute to the Ameri
can flag by 6 o'clock Sunday, April
19, everyone at the Capital has bezn
advancing bis own theories of how
the dispute should be settled.
These persons who are ambitious
to gulde the American and Mexican
Governments in the paths of wlodom{
and dipiomacy have advanced some
remarkable ideas as to the proper so- ‘
lution of the problem. While many of
them have a decidedly humorous turn
because of the difficulty in the way'
of executing them, gome of them seem
worthy of consideration, “
It is argued by one local faction
that Carranza let sl!p an opportuntity
#ix weeks ago which would have been
fruitful had he taken advantage of it
Carranza, as the head of the Constitu.
tionalists, controls North Mexlco. The
gcople of Coahuila, Sonora and Chi
uahua are fairly well united under
his standard and that of his military’
alde, General Francisco Villa, The
followers of President Huerta are
;-onfined more to the center of Mex
co.
Should Have Seceded.
Now, when President Wilson sent
the Atlantic fleet to Mexlcan water}
he madé the move solely agains
Huerta’s Mexico, not Carranza's. His
ultimatum was addressed to Huerta
alone. When Huerta rejected the ul
timatum, Carranza and the Constitu
tionalists should have seceded from
the republic of Mexico and set up an
independent state, This s the theory
of some of the Washington would-pe
arbiters of Mexico's ‘e.
The three northern Btates, with the
possible addition of Durango, it 's
sald, would have made a very respect.
able nation by themselves, and, no
doubt, Carranza would have been set
at its head immediately. It 1s safe
to say that had Carranza and the
Constitutionalists taken such action
President Wilson would have congent
ed to this change in the map and rec
nized the republic of Northern
mxlco. the republic of Chihuahua or
whatever they might have called the
new nation, \
Congress Quietly Arranges
Better Army Aerial Corps
WASHINGTON, May 30,—The first
comprehensive nor toward bullding
up an adequate aviation corps in the
army of the United States has been
taken %the House of Representa
tives. at body recently passed a
bill, which received little attention at
the time, providing for the creation of
an “aviation service” of 60 officers
and 280 enlisted men, “all of whom
£hall be exclusively engaged on duties
pertaining to said aviation section and
southward from there almost as far
as Zacateras and 1 will probably
take that route to Mexico City. Here
I am needed. The division of the
northeast should be. able to handle
San Lul» Potosi, and all Federal gar
risons north of Queretaro. There we
will meet and plan the taking of Mex
fco City. *
“Do vo§ anticipate any more big
battles”” ‘
“No, they are afraid and will prob
ably not stand up to us again.”
“What do you do with prisoners
that you take in battle?”
“1 kill the old officers and spare
the young ones, who are fighting just
out of excess virility and do not yet
rerlize the responsibllity of citizen
ship, The rank and file I set at lib
erty or enroll in my army. They.are
not enemies. They serve Hueru“ by
force and desert to me whenever they
have an opportunity.”
All the troubled compligatiors
which have arisen from the méxture
of the Huertista and Carranzista fac
tions since that time would not have
occurred. The United States would
have had to deal! only with Huerta,
Had the United States recognized
such a new nation, doubtless Greut
Britain and the other powers, together
with the great republies of South
America, would have followed our ex.-
arple.
Another theory which has been ad.
vanced is that President Wilson over.
looked a good loophole which would
have let him out of the Mexican dif
ficulties for a while, at least, It wil!
be remembered that when Villa was
preputn% for the siege of Torreon
it was the generally accepted belief
that he would have am easy conquest.
But in the first assaults Huerta's Fed
erals drove Villa back. If, when the
news of Huerta's first repulse of Villa
at Torreon reached Washington, Pres
ident Wilson had recognized "Huerta,
the Mexican dictator's position would
have been so strengthened that he
might have been in supreme control
of Mexico bé this time.
See Enmity to Spain.
These same street corner and ho
tel lobby diplomats, statesmen: and
experts on international law recent
ly have seen a bad muddle in the
Spanish asnect of the Mexican situ
atlon. It {8 declared that Villa has
made a sort of platform pledge to his
followers that when the Constitution
alists gain the ascendency in Mexh‘w
they will at once drive out all Span
fards. As Huerta is the principal
element now holding Villa in check
and preventing the Constitutipnalists
from carrying out their policles, it
paturally follows that Huw is
standing in a position which®auto
matically protects the Spaniards In
Mexico,
Now, the stand President Wilson
has taken permits of no settlement
of the Mexican diificulties which does
not provide, primarily, for the eliml
nation of Huerta-—that !s, the re
moval of the Spaniards’ protector
Therefore, some assert that the attl
tude of the United States in this mat
ter is hostile to Spain,
shall be additional to the officers and
enlisted men now allotted by law to
the Signal Corps, the commissioned
and enlisted strength of which are
hereby increased accordingly.”
Chalirman Hay, of the Military Af
fairs Committee, put the bill through
late one afternoon when the attend
ance upon the House floor was small.
There was practically no debate. as
all factions in the House appeared in
favor of the legislation, nor was the
Division of Mexico
l Poli
- 0f Carranza Policy
! it
;Modlafion. Even if Unsuccessful
. Will Help, Say Observers at
i Mexico City,
| Special Cable to The American,
| By LUIGI BARZINI.
. MEXICO CITY, May 30.—1 n diplo
-matic circles here it is remarked that
mediation, even if unsuccessful, will
ihave an enormous influence upon the
-relations between North and South
\America, as it will fix the ideas of the
larger Latin republicd concerning the
‘policy of the United States.
. The attitude of the revolutionists
toward mediation is causing some in
‘teresting comments. Since the rebels
ium to become the government, they
can not ignore anything which the
' mediators may propose, to which any
?fu(ure government, if it is to be rec
ioxnlzed, must adhere, because it can
‘not violate a regular international
xtreaty and at the same time place it
self in opposition to the will of the
United States and the Latin republics.
An explanation, therefore, is being
#ought for Carranza's obstinacy in re
{fusing an armistice or to join in the
conference.
It is observed here that Carranza,
i calling himself Constitutionalist Pres.
lident of Mexico, has exchanged notes
{with President Wilson. Carranza
|also, it is sald here, has opened &
‘consulate in New York, which issues
| documents for steamers going to
I’l‘unpic‘: and Vera Cruz; the revolu
tionist has issued 60,000,000 pesos of
paper money, which America has ac
cepted, while Mexican money s not
recognized, not even in Vera Cruz
| Finally, the revolution is firmly es
;tabli-hed in the north, occupying the
‘regions in which Americans are
largely interested.
; Hence arises the suspicion that the
,drea,ded Beparation of the north,
which would declare itself an inde
| pendent state, may come about by
| force of circumstances, just as the
separation of Texas took place under
circumstances vaguely analogous. It
'is difficult to make any prediction,
but the indications are that such step
‘may be taken,
significance of the action exploited at
the time, Legislative lcaders are prac
tically assured of favorable action in
the Senate and at the White House,
as the bill has the indorsement of the
War Department,
Aeroplanes Tried Out.
The passage of the measure un
doubtedly was expedited by the se
riousness of the Mexlean situation.
The use of the*asroplane for scouting
purposes in war times was tried out
at Vera Cruz and there was then
drlven home the fact that the United
States is behind practically all other
nations in Its expenditures for air
craft. While other big nations have
been spending millions for alr fleets
this country has grudgingly spent
thousands only, as was pointed out in
the report of the Military Affairs
Committee which broyght the Hay
bill into the House.
“The committee is thoroughly con
vinced that it would be most unwise
to contipue tlre parsimonious l‘pollc.v
which the Government has pursued
with regard to military aviation, and
it Is intended to appropriate $300,000
in the army bill, as against $125,000
last year. for the purchase and upkeep
of aeroplanes, and this, together with
the personnel provided in the bill here
presented, will enable our army to
make experiments necessary to a
thorough knowledge of the art and to
train the number of men who may be
needed for service in time of emer
gency. The cost of the bill xlll be
$258,002 for the first yvear, $269,044 for
the second and third years and $279,-
994.50 for the fourth year, which lat
ter figures will show the highest sum
which this wjll will cost the Govern
ment at any time in the future”
Other Nations' Expenditures,
The House committee's estimates of
what the leading natlons have spent
for aeronautical work during the past
five years total $100,000,000. . Within
this period Germany has spent $28,-
000,000 for aeronautics; France, $22,-
000,000, Russia, $12,000,000; Italy, $B,-
000,000; Austria, $5,000,000; England,
$3.000,000; Belflum. $2,000,000; Japan,
§1.500,000; Chile, $700,000; Bulgaria,
$600,000; Greece, $600,000; Spain,
$560,000; Brazil, $500,000, and
United States only $435,000. Den
mark, Sweden, China, Roumania, Hol
land, Servia and Norway have spent
comparatively small sums, while Cuba
foots the list at $50,000,
Comparing the 1918 appropriations
for ‘aircrafts and the promotion of
aerial science, which may be of use in
warfare, the committee report shows
that while the United States spent
only $125,000, France spent $7,400,000;
Germany, $5,000,000; Russia, $5,000,-
000; England, $3.000,000; Japan, $l,-
000.000; Italy, $2,100,000, and Mexico,
$400,000,
HEARST'S SUNDAY AMERICAN, ATLANTA, GA., SUNDAY, MAY 31, 1914.
Waste at Tampico 5,000 Barrels Daily, and It
Can Not Be Stopped Until Barges Again Are
Permitted to Carry Away Cargoes.
By J. K. WINKLER.
TAMPICO, MEXICO, May 21 (En Route Down the Panuco
River).—Through good fortune I have been able to penetrate the
lines of the fleeing Federal forces and obtain first-hand information
concerning the present situation at the oil fields.
+ For two days I have been among the forces of Generals Sara
geso and Aguilar in the country back of Panuco, near the border
line of the State of San Luis Potosi.
The first 60 miles of the journey
was made in the company of a party
of American oil men. We traveled
in the first river boat which has gone
up the river in weeks. She was a
typical old Missigsippi stern wheeler,
drawing but little more than three
feet, and she fought her way against
an adverse current at a speed that
must have been almost half that of
& horse car.
Ancient Town is Sighted.
The way up to the ancient town of
Panuco, which was an early camp of
' the magic Cortez, was a succession
;of scenic beauties. *
~ Twenty hours after leaving Tampico
the gray cathedral tower of Panuco
was sighted, its soft spire etched amid
‘a group of cocoanut palms and china
berry trees.
+The oil mén went to their camp on
the north bank of the river and the
interpreter and myself hired ‘a Bar
quero to row usg across in his aged
dugout that inight have been a relic
of Aztec days. The outskirts of the
town are almost concealed by cliffs
and the thatched roofed huts are hid
den in the jungle. The town proper
lies beyond.
In the tiny plaza we came upon a
few ragged Federal soldiers, who
made a far different appearance from
the blue uniformed infantrymen who
had lounged about the streets of Tam
pico the day before General Gonza
les’ cannon shot the fighting spirit out
of them. They had thrown their
arms and uniforms away and once
more reverted to shiftless Mexican
peons.
They asked whether the Constitu
tionalists were coming and seemed
goatly relieved when informed that
eneral Gonzales had decided not to
give battle at Panuco. They sald
General Zaregoza and Aguilar, with
3,000 men, were retreating toward
Hidalgo and would not halt until they
got to Mexlico City. As for them
selves, they were through with fight
ing. They wished only a few ciga
rettes and a little mescal.
In a stable near by was a wounded
Federal, & man of early middle age.
His jaw was shot away and he could
not speak.. When I entered, he mo
tioned for a pencil and wrote in Span
ish: “Get me a drink and put poison
in it”
Most of the stores were closed, but
one shopkeeper told me, with a great
deal of bitterness, that the fleeing
Federals had taken everything they
could lay their hands on.
“Before we were robbed we were
wealthy,” he s=aid, “but the dogs took
everything. From Leon Maza they
took 5,000 pesos, from Caballero 5,000
pesos and from the Chinaman, who
couldn’'t pay, they stole 9,000 pesos"
worth of merchandise. Caballero had
a little store. They seized his sons,
Bepe and Juan, and he borrowed, at
great sacrifice, 1,000 pesos to buy their
freedom.”
Hanged for Resisting.
Five men, he sald, had been hanged
tor resisting extortion. They were
harging near the cemetery. A bandit,
Romerez, at Topila, was one of them.
That was well, for was not Romerez a
thief himself?
But a Chinese laundryman, Ah Ling,
had been murdered. Two drunken
Federal soldiers attempted to wreck
his laundry. The Chinaman stabbed
them with a knife, but they killed him
with rifles.
Two Cavalry Regiments in
Rivalry to Lead in Mexico
WASHINGTON, May 80~Two
regiments of cavalry, each with hon
orable records a mile long, are chafing
down on the plains of Texas and won
dering to which of them the powers
that be here in the National Capitol
will award the honor of leading the
way from Vera Cruz to Mexico City.
There was some stir—in fact, con
siderable hubbub—in the ranks of the
Sixth Cavalry a few weeks ago when
a certain piece of news floated down
the line to Galveston, It was learnad
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As though to flout the fleeing Fed
erals in town, two of the natives had
swung the green, white and red hori
zontal striped Constitutionalist flags
from the door of their adobe houses.
A quarter ofea mile away loomed
the covered walls of the cemetery. A
group of lazy sombrero-covered Mexi
cans were piling the remains of the
last of their murdered comrades into
la huge grave dug in the street be
‘tween the wall of the cemetery and a
corrall. One body was terribly muti
lated. It had been hanging with four
others for three days and all the hair
had fallen off. This man, they told
us, had the impudence to call out as
General Zargoza was riding into town,
“Look out, for the rebels will get you.”
He had promptly béen backed up
against a wall and shot. He was a
carpenter by trade.
A five-mile gallop out in the coun
try in a southerly direction brought
us to a camp that seemed to be com
posed almost entirely of women. They
were the wives and “Naturalco” of the
Federal soldiers.
They had be=n left behind, but
would overtake their lords and mas
ters in a few days.
Two of Aguilar's men, superbly
mounted, rode into the camp. They
scowled at us, but smiles chased
themselves across their coppery coun
tenances when told that we were sym
pathizers.
They said the main body was a
day’s ride 1n advance, and added with
a great show of bravado that they
could retake Tampico if they felt
Tike it.
On our way back a tiled roofed
house planted amid a clump of jungle
was passed, seven comely ' young
women, who appeared to be sisters,
were standing on the packed earthen
porch. “Quien vive senors” (“for
whom do you shout?”) they: called.
“Hotel Imperial, Tampico,” was cur
reply, which sent the young Jadies
into paroxysms of laughter.
Qil Overflows Land.
A bit off to the southwest there isa
200-acre prairie land of crude oil,
which has overflowed the reservoirs
and storage lands of some of the hig
American 01l wells. Five thousand
barrels a day is running out of the
wells, including 1,600 apiece from the
National and International Oil Com-.
panies and 2,000 ©barrels fromn the
Bowser and Simms wells. This over
f'ow, which means a loss of $20,009 or
more a day, can not be stoppad unal
oil barges can resume their regular
runs up the river.
The oil camps were strippei of
everything movable by the Federals.
More than 2,000 horses, mules and
cows were taken, as were kitcaen
utensils, clothing and suppties cof
every description.
The half dozen unarmed Dutch ma
rines from the ‘crulser at Tampico,
who were sent there weeks Igo as a
sort of “moral suasion” force, were
unable to prevent the looting of the
Corona well, the largest in the world,
flowing 180,000 barrels a day. This is
a Dutch property.
As far as 1 could ascertaia no at
tempt was made to set fire tv any
well. A great deal of wanton mis
chief, however, had been lone (o the
camp buildings, the machinery and
the homes of the foreign oil superin
tendents and workers. |
that Colonel Augustus E. Blockson,
commanding the Third Cavalry, had
made formal application to Lindley
M. Garrison, Secretary of War, on
behalf of his officers and men, to be
allowed to lead the advance.
“Why not the Sixth?” howled the
khaki-clad horsemen of that persua
sion. “Ain’t they always depended on
us before? Didn't we fight thirteen
brands of redskins, not to speak of
the Filipinos and the Chinks and the
Johnnies back in 18637"
So the claims of the Sixth were as
consistently Ilobbied in the State,
War and Navy Building as had been
those of their rivals, and at the pres
ent writing the men of the Sixth ap
pear to have a shade the better of it.
They'll probably have the first tas:e‘
of those seaside plains of Vera Cruz
several degrees hotter and dustisr
than the Texas stretches over which
Colonel J. A. Gaston has had them
trekking for many a moon.
) Records Almost Equal.
In records, there {s little to choose
between Qe two bodles. But the
Third has the unique distinction of
having been the advance guard of the
L'_nlted States troops when General
Winfield Scott, in 1847, marched and
shot and sabered his way to Cerro
Gordo and Chapultepec and finally to
Mexico City. |
. The regiment was organized on:
May 18, 1846, as the Regiment of
Mounted Riflemen. The designation
aws changed in 1861. Its first colo
nel was Persifer F. Smith, who laterl
became a brigadier general. :
Early in November of 1846 the reg- ‘
iment was ordered to Mexico. A
month before two companles went (o
Point Isabel, thence to Monterey and
later to Tampico, joining at Leb)s
Island, the little peak of beach in the
gulf which came into international
prominence recentlv when Huerta
put out the light and United Statcs
sallors lit her up again,
The regiment sailed from Lobos Is
land March 3, 184%, and six days later
landed at Sacrificios Island. Then it
led in the investment of Vera Cruz,
which was even less of a picnic than
the landing a couple of months ago.
On the march to Mexico City the
cavailrymen performed numerous
deeds of valor and lost four officers'
and forty men killed and had a large
number wounded.
The Sixth Cavalry is even better
known than the Third. It won dis
ltlnctlon in the Civil War, the Indian
wars, the Spanish-American War and
the Philippines.
The regiment was organized May 4,
1861. Like the Third, it has changed
its title. Curlously, too, the Sixth
iwas organized under the name of the
Third Regiment of Cavalry. Five
months later the Sixth received its
present designation.
Its War History,
The regiment participated in the
peninsular campaign under the com
mand of General Stoneman. It
earned, perhaps, its first fame at the
battle of Williamsburg, which it
opened. After this engagement 1t
pursued the enemy through York
town.
' Later the Sixth was at Malvern
Hill, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, the
Wilderness, Spottsylvania Cour:-
‘house, Winchester and Appomattox
Courthouse, besides numerous less
ilmponant but often sharp clashes.
. After the Civil War, the regiment
"set out after Indians and was chas
ing bad redskins for many years. It
‘ gave a taste of steel to the Cheyennes,
Kiowas, Comanches, Apaches and
Sioux. I*- famous colonel, Eugene
'A. Carr, «nd many other officers won
medals of honor in these Indian wars.
Lieutenant Geg®r%l Adna R. Chaffee,
retired, was an officer in the Sixth
Cavalry for 25 years, and won the
brevet of lieutenant colonel for his
gallant service against the Indians.
Major'General Willlam H. Carter, re
cently in command of the Second Di
vision at Texas City and now In
charge of the Hawailan Department,
won a medal of honor for bravery
while a first lieutenant in the Sixth
Cavalry.
| And the Third Cavalry hasn't
'much right to crow over the Sixth on
‘the score of Mexican experience, This
will not be the first time that the
‘Sixth has crossed the border. It went
right into the Mexican mountains
after Chirachuas Indians in 1882, |
Once in Mexico. }
In March, 1883, General Crook took
Troop I, under Chaffee, who was then
a captain, on his famous expedition
to the Siérra Madres in Mexlico, re
turning in July. They marched 900
miles and brought in three head
chiefs and about 400 hostiles.
At the beginning of the Spanish-
American War the regiment was sta
tiobned in Mebraska, and it was sent
to Florida. Here it became part of
the cavalry division of the Fifth
Army Corps. It salled for Cuba on
June 14, 1898 one troop remaining
behind. The regiment distinguished
ftself at San Juan and Santiago.
After that war the regiment was
stationed in New York, Alabama,
Kansas, Oklahoma and California, un
til 1900, when it was sent to the Phil
ippines. Several troops of the regi
ment also went to China to help put
down the Boxer uprising.
The regiment has been in the Phil
in~ines several times since then, For
some months it has been in the Sixth
Brigade at Texas City, When its colo
nel, Charles M. O'Connor, was de
tailed to the Inspector General’s Da
partment and assigned to duty in the
Central Department, Chicago, Lieu
tenant Colonel Thomas B. Dugan tooak
charge for a time,
General Carranza Says He
Has Nothing to Mediate
JUAREZ, MEXICO, May 30.—Un
less the South American mediators
agree to keep their hands off Mexi
co's internal affzirs, confining their
recommendations to a program for
the prevention of war between the
United States and Mexico, regardless
of factional difference, the Constitu
tionalists will absolutely ignore their
findings. This prohibition extends
even to the formation of a provisional
government, in which the Constitu
tionalists will not recognize the right
of outsiders to make suggestions.
For eleven hours yesterday and for
nine hours to-day there has been di
rect telegraph communication be
tween Washington and Durango City,
with Rafael Zubaran on one end of
the wire and Carranza on the other.
It iz said that at thesrequest of the
Administration Senor Zubaran has
represented to Carranza that the
United States feels that he should aid
mediation by having the Constitution
alist party represented at the Niagara
Falls conference.
Carranza replied along the lines
stated and in this attitude he has the
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support of all the wings of his party,
Ferpancdo Iglesias Calderon, ope
time head of the Liberal party and
still high in its counclls, arrived here
to-day on his way to Durango to co.
fer with Carranza and was outspoken
in praise of the latter’'s attitude,
Reduced to plain English, Carrap.
za's ultimatum means that he hy
nothing to mediate so far as the cop.
flict between the Constitutionalists
and Huerta are concerned, and that
the civil war will go on until the repel
arms are triumphant, regardless of
what the mediators decide. In an ef
fort to induce Huerta to confine his
energies to the Constitutionalist
forces and keep Mexico out of a war
with the United States, Carranz:
plainly intimates that he will help,
» 1
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