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HOLD ANNUAL SHORT COURSES CATTLE FEEDING WINTERING AT UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE! IS PROFITABLE BEEF CATTLE ' ; i . ! ' .' " Courses In Agrlculturing And Engineering Will Be Held Summary cf Results Obtained Young Cattle Should Not Go From January 4 To February 27, 1915 College Farm ; By a Tennessee Feeder . Through Winter In the . Undoubtedly Most Productive In Tennessee Cannot! Last Winter ! - Stalk Fields Afford To Miss Opportunities By Non-Attendance j : ON GOOD BLUE GRASS PASTURE REMEDY THE WASTEFUL HABIT i I . I . i (By C. A. Keffer, Division of Ext ension, University of Tennessee.) The annual short courses in Agrlcul turing and Engineering at the Univer sity of Tennessee will be held from January 4th to February 27th, 1915. No equal opportunity haa ever been presented to the farmers of Tennes see for the study of agriculture. Every year sees additions to the equip ment of the College of Agriculture, the last being a breeding stable of Per herons, consisting of carefully se lected mares and stallions. The Col lege Farm is undoubtedly the most productive In Tennessee; all its fields are run on the two-crops-a-year sys tem, and its alfalfa cannot . be sur passed. The most approved methods la orchard, dairy and farm manage ment, live stock breeding and feeding are in daily practice, affording object lessons of the highest value. No farmer, young or old, can afford to miss the opportunities offered. The first month Is devoted to soils and crops, including fertilizers, rota tions and general farm management, and -to the care of live stock, with practice in feeding and judging by score card. The month of February is given to dairying, with practice in the care of milk, feeding and care of cows, and butter and cheese making; and to truck and fruit growing, includ ing practice In pruning and spraying, thte making and care of hot beds, and other operations of the orchard 1st and the trucker. Throughout the course the engineer- These Steers Picked Up Through the Practice of Pasturing Stalk Fielde Country During September and Oc- Will Become Lets Common Every toDer a pew interesting Facta and - Year Feed Enough To Keep Cattle Figures for the Benefit of the Ten- in a Vigorous Condition Can Not nessee Stock Raiser. Endure Bad Weather. (By R. M. Murphy, Division of Exten (It. M. Murphy, Division of Extension, sion, University of Tennessee.) i University of Tennessee.) Following is a summary of the re- Youag cattle should not be forced to ing faculty of the university will give j iults obtaIned .by Tennessee feeder """"-Sh the winter in the stalk aauy lectures, on wsuor yuwci . supply, use of concrete on the farm, farm sanitation, and the care and use of farm machinery, including steam and gasoline engines. A short course in highway . engineering will be con ducted by the College of Engineering from January 4th to February 27th, the last week being devoted to a con ference for road builders, led by some j fields or around the tstiaw stack with- , out Eo:.'i9 addit:'o;:al ft ed. The aver- TENNESSEE AS A DAIRY STATE Tennessee can not make any claims as to being a highly-developed dairy state at the present time, the dairy in dustry being only in its infancy. Wis consin is to-day the great dairy state of our country. But why should this be true? Has not Tennessee just as good, or even better, opportunities for successful dairy farming? For successful dairy farming four things are necessary: Good cows, proper feed and care, good markets, and a man with a natural liking for the business. Tennessee has for a long time enjoyed the reputation of being noted for her many fine herds of Jer seys, but they are comparatively few In comparison with the common na tive, or scrub, cows. The average milk yield of Tennessee Is : less than four thousand pounds per year, while the average yield of butter Is about two hundred pounds per cow. Very little money can be made by keeping cows of this kind. It is estimated . that one - third of all the cows In the country are kept at a loss, one-third just about pay expenses, leaving only one-third that are milked at a profit By the use of Ike milk scales and the tester, dairy 'man can weed but the unprofitable ' members of the herd, and thus, with practically no expense, can double his aet profits and still milk a smaller number of cows. While good cows are highly essea- - tial ' for profitable dairy farming. ' there are doubtless as many eows that fatt to pa profit becanae of poor teed and poor care, as there are that tall to pay on account of Inferior dairy t ejialittes.. The cow may be compared .: to a faotory. The feed we give her Is the . raw material, the milk which ' she yields Is the finished product It would be Just as wise to expect a flour mill to turn out flour without being supplied with wheat as to expect a dairy cow to give a profitable flow - of milk with Insufficient food. Too . many so-called dairymen depend too Mii-orea, or ueuer, Angus ana onorir ( rge animal loses auout one hundred horn steers, under average conditions, pounds in weight during this period These steers were picked up through '. ith 8UCB treatment, and this, at prcs- the country during September and Oc- cnt T1"'' ln fift' head' v a . v ' moans a less of 400 to 1500. Such a tober. 1913. and weighed, October 1st. practice should De remedied, a total of 81,770 pounds, and cost since by feeding one and one-half to 1.20 per hundred, or 156.38 per head. . two pounds of cottonseed meal ncr of the strongest highway engineers Tney wer ruQ 0B good biu9.gra pas. hed a day in addition to the straw ln the country. . . m n.mv,n. j(k aaJ cornstalks, their weight may be The only expense of this course is j tur unt December 4th, and were then maintftined railway fare and board; there are no . Put on a ration of shocked sorghum Gains can be made so much more and about two pounds of cottonseed cheaply on grass than in any other meal per head a day. By January 14th wav- tnat 11 is doubtless never profit- "the supply of sorghum was exhausted bIe to feed ,uore tnan is sufficient to , . . ... . . ... maintain their weight through the wJn- , and allage was substituted, with an ter but tney 8noul(1 be fe(J enough t0 increase in tne amount or cottonseed keep them in a vigorous condition. meal, to about three pounds per head Often animals become so run down a day. During the fall and winter the ,n condition that they cannot endure steers had access to seventy acres of the bad w"hr. d serious losses occur. cornstalks and a wheat otraw stock. Tfl, praotic, 0f pasturing stalk and were allowed to run on a pasture fields will become less common every fees. It is a great opportunity. (By C. A. Hutton, Division of Extension, University of Tennessee.) much on a straw stack for feed and a barb-wire fence for shelter. These are the men who are "keeping cows,' when the cows should be keeping them. Faw riairvman have anv advantage over Tennessee markets. According of crimson clover and rye part of the year, because of serious loss from to the last census reports, nine southern states Import annually seventy million pounds of but ter from the northern states. At 35 cents per pound, this would amount to $24,500,000. Tet those dairymen in the north are buying our cottonseed meal and feeding it to a profit, keeping the soil fertility at home and sending ns the butter. Tennessee, it is estimated, Imports two million five hundred thousand pounds of buttlr an nually from the northern states. The Tennessee dairymen get from $2 to 82.50 per hundredweight for their milk at wholesale, while the northern dairy men seldom realize more than 8 1.60 or $1.75 per hundredweight. 4 The farther south one goes, the higher the price of dairy products, and yet, generally peaking, the cheaper they can be pro duced. We should stop complaining about the low prices received for dairy products and devote more of our en ergy to studying how to reduce the cost of production through the use of better cows, more feed, better ears, and closer attention to details. With the natural advantages afford ed v, a mild climate, long growing season, oheap home-grown feeds, and good markets, Tennessee , should be one , of the leading dairy states. We , have man natural advan tages over Wisconsin, and yet that state, with practically the same area of improved farm land, has twice as auany dairy cows. With -our natural conditions so well adapted to dairy fanning, there is UttW excuse for fall are, provided the . "man behind . the cow" has a liking for his , work and uses good business methods, as he would be expected to use In any .other line of business. THE WHITE LEGHORNS Represent the, Highest Type of Egg- Producing Fowl Admittedly Unexcelled ae Layers. (By Leo. J. Broosemer, Bureau of Ani mal Industry, U. 8. Department of ; Agriculture.) Every beginner thinks the hen prob . lem Is a simple one. ' All of us thought so, when we first contracted - the chicken fever, and fell a prey to en ticing statements in "get-rich-qulck" pamphlets. - We built hen-houses after our own design, purchased ten hens4 and a supply of food, and started, in to fldbd the local egg market. To make a short tale shorter, we failed. Why? We had the right idea,, but the wrong hens. To those who are thinking of "keep Ing a few hens," or to those who in- - tend to build up a money-making egg . business, a few facts about a breed, .universally labeled, "egg-machines," will not go amiss. The egg business may rightly be termed a manufactur ing business. Hens are the machines. Eggs are the products. The best ma chines are . those which require the least Investment, are kept up at the least cost, and turn out the most sat isfactory products. The Leghorn ben seems to fill the bill. Ninety per cent of the big egg farms In this country are stocked with single-comb white Leghorns. This is the most powerful argument that can he used ln favor of this breed for these farms are operated by business men who are looking for the greatest re turns possible. Hence, they raise white Leghorns, - which hatch more easily than other breeds, begin to lay earlier, and are non-sitters. The very fact that Leghorns do mature more quickly than other breeds means lesi food, lees cost in building the machine and getting ready for business. Lady Leghorn has set the standard for popular, profit-producing laying hens. She is also noted for her adaptability to climate. Her ancestors are sup posed to have existed ln a semi-wild state in Italy, lived on seeds, bugs, and greens, stole their nests and were as wild as our present day partridges. The hardiness of Lady Leghorn and her ability to adapt herself to the change able climate and various altitudes of Tennessee is due to the fact that the temperature of the home of her wild forebears ranged from below zero in the mountainous regions, to 109 de grees above zero during the hot sum mer. , ' A glance at her will show that she Is built for laying eggs. She differs in many details, from the meat pro duce. Her body is longer and is nicely placed on longer, trimmer legs. Leghorns produce only white-shelled eggs, which look and sell better than any other kind. White-shelled eggs are preferred in almost every market la this country with the exception . of Boston. -, Even there the preference for brown eggs is diminishing. . One reason for Lady Leghorn's re markable laying capacity lies In her unusual activity. When allowed free range, she forages for a treat part of her food. - She is not usually Inclined to broodlness, and Instead of going through long and melancholy periods of moultlnjr she usually requires only ninety days to don her new robe. Altogether, Lady Leghorn seems to have many virtues and few faults. In addition to all her praotical values, she is a "good looker" and graceful. She has a coat that is white as snow; conspicuous ruby-red jewel-like eyes; a golden yellow beak, nicely curved, and a comb worn to one side, as "chio" as a new Spring bonnet.- Her move ments are alert and buoyant Her con sort, Mr. Leghorn, is the very essence of vigor, sturdlness, and lustiness. In short, the Leghorn is a comely, crea ture a delight to the eyes. time. On May 11th the silage was dis continued, and they were then kept on the rye and crimson clover, and oc casionally in blue-grass pasture, until May 1st, after which time they were kept on blue-grass until July 4th. After July 4th they were kept on red clover pasture until sold, July 13th. During corn stalk disease. . The best farmers realize that they must get the corn crop off the land so that.they can sow a cover crop to protect the land from washing, and further that the tramp ing of the fields by cattle during wet weather is very injurious. The most economic method of preserving the corn crop is by put ting it in the silo, and this method Is the latter part of the silage-feeding being adopted very rapidly. Where neriod thev were fed about 315 bush tne sll ,B not available, the next best els of ear corn, also ten tons of oat . straw, and about four tons of rough hay. On July 18th they weighed 111,- 030 pounds, an average of 1,233 pounds, or a gain of 324 H pounds per steer. They were shipped to Louisville, July 24th, and, after, three days on the practice is to cut and shock the entire crop so that the land may be sown to a cover crop. If no room for storage is available, the shocks may be left in the freld and may fed on poor hillsides to good ad vantage. In a great many communi ties this shocked corn is now shredded j OBITUARY Again the great monster of death has visited nor community, and claim ed for its. victim our loving mother j and friend Mr. Harriet (Parsons) Har r's, wife of Robert Harris, who depart ed this life May 24, 1914, his dear companion following him the 23rd of Nov. 1914. Mrs. Harris died, at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Martha Gibson, at Bloomington, whert she had made her home for over two years. She was 68 years old and had been an invalid for over 40 years, yet she bore Jier af flictions with the greatest of patience, and was always .cheerful to those she met. Mrs. Harris leaves six child ren, one step-son, Rev. J. D. Harris, a number of grand children, and a hoet of friends to mourn her loss. She had been a faithful member of the M. E. Church for a number of years. The community has surely lost a loving friend, the church a loyal mem-' ber, and the children a dear mother. Oh! it seems so hard to give her up, With voices raised high but such is this life, so we must sub- Can say hurrah for L.ikie's lamb mit to His will, for we realize that Our Governor, Tom C. Rye. So Lukie's little lamb, you see, TO DEMOCRATS I notf will say How thankful we should be That our dear old State - Is now redeemed The State of Tennesste. So the campaign fight Went through the State, In spite of wind or weather, And the little lamb That was torn in two Is now grown back together. The day will come, Soon all it will grtet When this little lafb will Will take his seat In the Governor's chair To rule our State While poor Ben Hooper Goes out to wait. Now Hooper's friends in sadness Will think it hardly fair , For Lukie's little lamb To have Hooper's chair. While the Democrats in gladness she Is with Jesus and her dear com panion, whom she longed eo much to be with. Mother is gone; she has left home; the vacant chair can never be filled, but her life is a living monu ment, that each of us should look on ard live after, till we meet her again in that world, where there will be no more parting, or good byes to be said She was laid to rest at the Harris cemetery. Funeral services were conducted by R-v. Alonzo Harris and Rev. J. W. Stone. Mrs. PASCO HARRIS. Whose name is Tlmmie Rye, Is now the Governor of Tennessee And honored very high. Now the race is over, The victory is won, Well live for our country Until it is done. So come on friends, Let's do all we can To honor our State, And stick to our man. M. S. PALK. Cookeville, Tenn., R. 9. BLOOMINGTON SPRINGS Dear Editor: If you will allow me i space in your paper I will drop a few lines from this part. Health is very good at this writing except for Frank Rodgers' baby, who Is very sick at present. Sunday school is progressing nicely at Free Union. Carlis Rodgers visited Carmel Rol- gers Sunday evening. ' " Isham Rodgers visited T. A. Rod gers Sunday. : Burris Rodgers says the eniw is a little disagretable but that he is etill on going ground and feeling splendid. It is very bad tl be sure that Rye has put down the pea market so and Hooper etill governor. To be sure the road, weighed 108,110 pounds, or a loss and stored away for winter use. This of 82 pounds per steer. Eighty-four of reduces it to a condition much more them sold for 8.18 per hundred, and ! i"jr hana,ed. , . . . The cheapest ration for winter hi the remaining six for $7.26 per hun twnty poun(U ef d m dred. one-half pounds of cottonseed meaL , Below is given a summary of the ' per head a day. If silage is not avail complete operations: bl, 'eed In Its stead about twenty - pounds of oat straw, corn stover, cot exB,nd,tur,, j tonseed hulls, or rough hay, either of Te 80 steers, 81,770 pounds, i which is more than twice as expensive at $6.20 owt ..$5,047.24 as silage. If the price of cottonseed Te $1 tone sorghum at $2 per products , continues low, cottonseed ton 102.00 hulls may be used to much better ad To 16$ tons silage, at $1 per J vantage this winter than usually. . . - . eav.vv l THE TIME WHEN TO ACT war that has been spoken of. If it Until they are needed, rnma the, rWrHrrata will riYSn1 in then be drawn out and ,w, i-uv vuit vuv ni C7 ai n j d acwuj .v war for a right principle and a Just cause. We undretand that one of the first efforts will be to execute some of iur old experienced and beloved lead ers, but we hope to avoid that. ton To 10 tons cottonseed meal, at $30 per ton To 315 bn. corn, at 80c per bu. To IS tons oat straw, at $8 per ton To 4 tons hay (unsalable), at $10 per ton To pasture for 4 months, at $1.50 per month To labor .................... To Freight to Sevlersville 300.00 262.00 104.00 40.00 540.00 100.00 312.25 Te Keep the Corn Crop on the Farm le Important In Tennessee. KINGSTON Editor Herald: As I have never seen any news from this place guess some of the readers would be glad to hear from here as this seems to be somewhat of a noted place of late. Health does sot seem si very good at this place, ae there are quite a lot of sick people, only 943 : registered here at the ranatarium in ten days. How is that for the afflicted. Hope the Algood writer will come to Kings ton and have their case diagnosed by tht feeling of their pulse. There is no pro nor con or any thing of the kind. To fevl strong, have rood appetite and dige tion, sloep soundly and enjoy life, use Burdock Blood Bitters, the family system toulc. Price J1.00. - SHIPLEY . ' ' Dear Editor: Will you allow me a little space ln your dear-little paper as this is my first time I hope it will e cape the waste basket Health 1b very good in this commu nity at present. . ' Couln Edna Sllger, why havent you answtred the letter I wrote you some time ago? Wake up you Whitson Chapel wri ters and give us the news. Wake up Mia Edna Holloway, as I am going to ask all of my dear school mates and friends to send me a birth day card, as I will be 16 years old Dec. 25, and I will appreciate them. -Bula F. BuckCookeyllle, Tenn., R. 3 - ROUTE 2 .. I will drop in a few lines from the south side of the town. Although It is evry cold over here I would like to. know If It is any colder up north than it Is at Cookeville.- If it is I ant going further south or get some more cloth es, one. Say, cousin Benton of Iowa why dont you write me a letter. I wrote you some time ago and did not get any answer. I would like to see a let ter in the Herald from W. H. Vickere. of Bloomington Springs R. 1. , Claude Bryant BROTHERTON R. 1 We are having some very bad weath er at present Burl Jones, Casto and Argo Barnes went hunting Saturday night and said they liked the little shower of rain. Mr. and Mrs. Holford Bllbrey visited Mr. Allison Mitchell of Cookeville , thtlr daughter, Mrs. Edna . Blaylock, Total" ..$7,127.45 n Receipts. - To 90 steers," 108,770 pounds, at $812 cwt...'. 98,787-45 Net profit, $1,560.04. This not only gave a handsome profit on the Investment, but It left on the farm the manure from these steers, with the additional value of the cottonseed meal bought, which may be placed at $25 per ton after it has passed through the animal, or, in this case, the ten tons at $250. , This is an excellent example of the oppor tunity offered for feeding beet oattlt in the state at present. v We are patients here and know this (By J. C. McAmls, Division of Ex ten to be true. If you wish to learn anv . , w ..., more Just come and see for yourself. There is never a better time to talk 4 .Vt.U - l ... 1 . i. . - w. Vh, JZ . w- hVw. it " I here for treatment and is getting .last week. have than when we haven t It. , , , . . . - , ,, , ,. . , .We haven't a first class pasture for ftlong nloelr- Mrs- M- A- Speck and ) Miss Sallie Lee Walker visited Miss pigs now, and we ought to have It daughter Ethel of Livingston are here Ella Jacksln one night last week. We needVit as much as anything else for treatment. . - ' Miss Belle Rockwell ulsited at A. li on the farm If we have pigs, and every , Mr. Chester Melton of Ricevllle is Lee's one night last week. farm ought to have pigs. If by any improving some. I will ask for a shower of birthday chance a real pasture, one that, has made a good growth, thick and well Mrs. W. O. Watson of Cookeville Is , cards as my birthday Is De. 29.. Will BROTHERTON R. 1 neighborhood, It will be weir worth 'ons nne. while to visit that place and congratu-1 late the owner and ask him how he got it, and see what you are missing. There is nothing going on but rab- 1 Every bushel of corn contains twen-' bit hunting. :. ty-flve cents worth of nitrogen, phos- Mrs.. Finlev has been on the sick I " Two of Us age Is between 12 and 16 years. I ." Eunice Barnes. i i pno.uua uu youum. '-""" list for some time but is recovering. are necessarily 10 grow corn, eecause corn is made out of them. We haven't Ella Turner when are you coming a an unlimited supply on the farm, and Tennessee. I have been looking that can be exhausted. It has been 'or you for some time. j MID-WINTER STOCK SHOW areay reduced on many farms already. 1 Come on Minnie Swack, your letters j It Is Just as important to make plans are fine. , I V - - ..j- . ,aT,n tn Pta"t-food supply of. May let me bear from you (By O. A. Keffer, Division of Extern tiie soil, as It Is to think about how th,10A, ., WPM j sion, University of Tennessee.) we are going to replace it when it is in"fn w - . a f.t..nv .in... n -hirh on. tho. Kone. The best way to save It Is to ' A three 7ear oM ch,M ot z- sand dollars ln premiums will be com feed the crops .which It has produced, ,waf burner to death a few weeks ago. jl Science, with anal authority, ... ... . . . . . I. I- iv .kl.. nH l ' TiiuiBtf TnafAra PlirlatmM will ! S 400.000 Word petea ror, win do neia in conjuncuon " t "j ""-" " j aoob illustration. wttn tne snort course in Agriculture bm. nu wmv u-j.iw u. m our aaj or ecnooi. at the University of Tennessee, Knox corn tnan any other animals, provwea j Grandpa and Grandma Ledpetter, I villa, during the last week Now Is the time to prepare lllll!!lnil!IIIII!!llUin!l!IIIHimilllllU!ln(! Here is the AnswerIn WebsterS Ney International The Meriuam Webster ETery day In your talk and rMrtinn, at home, on the street car. In tlie office, liop and school you likely question the mean. Ing of some new word. A friend aokn: Wliat make mortar harden?" You seek the location of Loeh Katrtmat the pronnn cintion of Jujutm. What la whit coalt This New Creation amnren all kinds of questions In Lanronre, H ixtory , Biography, Motion, Foreign Wonts, Trades, Art ana at. in January.; " Jm. which furnish a. npe a a nftppy cri&tma(, Wd rneon. ZZ?' i 'ctKa'a?. Profit with- Chrietma. a. ev- f ggj- out such pasture, but hogs will return 7thing te dull at present. from one to one and one-half dollar Granlpa and Grandma Jackson, hog or shsep for this oompstitlon. With the development ot live stock farmlnn- in Tennessee this fat-stock show should become an event of the 'or every bushel of corn fed with the will look for you Christmas. greatest Interest to farmers through out the state. REQUIREMENTS OF A PARMER. The requirements of a good farmer are at least four: . "The ability to make a full and com fortable living from the land; to rear a family carefully and well; to be of good service to the community; to leave the farm more productive than when be took it." L. 11. BAILET. pasture. Above all the hogs will r Harry and Henry Davis of Monte turn sight dollars', worth of corn fed rey t hope yra an a Christmas, I will look for you to come down. on the land. There are numerous cases to be found where hogs have returned a clear profit of twenty five to thirty-five dollars per acre Pork has been produced on pasture and corn, at four cents per pound, or even less, and sold at eight cents. To keep the corn crop on the farm Is important in Tennessee. To grow pastures for hogs it; to make It possi ble and profitable. To fall to grow pastures is to make it Impossible and unprofitable - People are crying bard times but I think we had better cheer up and thank God that times are ae good as they are. I guess we are seeing a good time to what the people are where they are fighting. I will close with the best wishes to the many Herald readers. May the Lord bless and comfort each aching heart. Bethel Ledbetter. Cost 9400.000. 2700 Pases only dictionary with aividm pno.- ennr terisea u Abtroke Of j On thin, opnque, strong-, g India pupcr. What a satis- faction to own the Merrtam g Webster in a form so liiclit 5 ana so convciuiiii 10 iwi E IliW -avvrr";" uu urn :,SJN villi One ha! f the thirkncM and weight of Regular Edition. Rsfular Edition : 3 On utrnnir hook nnner. Wt g Ulba. Sue ls9xtf?4 3 I "Vr (inches. tfi l.,.nuniMlil..M flllHtHClMI. ... 5 VmHmi thta m ! y public. t.OQ snd tkv g MEEavit n f pookvt S ! CSC. I MERRiANI 1 CO.. r.Ljiiiiiin!iiiiiii!i:.:ilK;!::i,i.,ii :i..'..-,.s-&3