The Fayette falcon., May 21, 1920, Image 6

About The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current

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THE FAYETTE FALCON. SOMZBVILLE, TENNESSEE.
HARVESTING SOY BEAN CROP BY MACHINERY
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View Shewing th Thrashing of Soy Beam and Baling tho Straw In North
( Carolina Field.
(Prepared by the United States Pepart-
nient of Agriculture.)
With the widely increased popular
ity of the soy bean the harvest of the
crop has gained markedly In Impor
tance In practically every section of
the country. According to specialists
the fact that practical and satisfactory
bean harvesters are now on the mar
ket at comparatively reasonable prices
and are efficient for harvesting the
crop either when grown under level
or rldged-row method of cultivation,
greatly Increases the, value of this
crop not tjmly as a forage for live
stock, but also for human food pur
poses. The most common type of special
bean harvester Is a two-wheeled, 'box-
like machine which Is drawn by two
horses. As the machine passes over
the row of plants foiv sets of rapidly
revolving arms shatter the beans from
.the pods .Into the body of the har
vester. While the machine moves
along the row the seed is gradually
raked to the rear of the box by one of
the operators. Under favorable condi
tions two men with a team can har
vestand harvesting means cutting
and thrashing the crop In one opera
tionone acre of beans In two hours
by this method where the yield is
about 20 bushels to the acre. Although
there Is some loss of beans it Is more
than compensated by the saving of
time and labor as compared with har
vesting in other ways.
If the plants are not too coarse the
self-binder can also be used to good
advantage In the harvest of the taller
growing varieties of beans. This meth
od is gaining favor rapidly in many
sections, aa the average grower owns
a grain binder, while, as a rule, unless
he Intends to produce soy beans as a
regular rotation crop It will not pay
him Individually to purchase a special
bean harvester. But. where several
farmers In the neighborhood can co
operatively buy this equipment such
procedure Is commendable. For the
best results, where the grain binder
Is used, the plants should be cut while
some of the leaves are still retained
as then the harvesting Is easier and
do loss results from shattering.
Mowing Machine Used.
The mowing machine is also used to
a considerable extent in saving tne
oy-bean crop. Generally where this
Implement la used It Is advisable to
have a side-delivery attachment. In
.order that the horses will not trample
on the swath of cut beans. However,
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Reaper Used In Cutting Soy .
where such an appliance la not avail
able, a man can follow the machine
" with a pitchfork and remove the plants
; at every round out of the way 0 the
..team, for If trampled upon many of
.'the seeda will be ishelled out and
wasted. The shelf -rae rearer, which
really Is a mowing machine provided
. with a bunching attachment, gives sat
isfactory results, as It harvests the
crop without exposing St to Injury.
, When cut with a mowing machine or
with a self-rake reaper, the beans may
be raked In small piles or placed In
'mail shocks. These plies or shocks
should be left for four or five days
in good drying weather or until the
grain Is found to be fairly dry In the
iPods. Wet weather does not injure
the crop seriously, provided the plants
are not allowed to rest on the ground
for any length of time.
Where a binder Is used the bound
bundles should be shocked eight or ten
to a shock and allowed to remain until
thoroughly dry. Hay cap are "not nec
essary when the piles or bundles are
shocked properly. They may remain
la the .field until thrashing time or if
thoroughly dry they may be housed
and thrashed later. The cured plants
are ordinarily gathered from the field
by hand, but the web loader commonly
used for haying will do tho work more
rapidly and with less loss of seed than
tl hand methods.
Should Adjust Separator.
The ordinary grata separator can be
adjusted to thrash any beans success
fully, but as equipped for smnll grain!
a large percentage of cracked beani
will result 'The chief cause of spill
beans Is the high speed of the cylinder,
which should be reduced at least one
half, although the speed of the fans
and other parts of the separator
should be maintained. This may be
accomplished by doubling the size of
both cylinder pulleys. In some cases
a special set of thin concaves Is used,
while in other Instances some of the
concaves are remoed. Good Judg
ment on the part of the thrasherman
will enable him to adjust the ordinary
separator so that the beans may be
thrashed with little splitting. Some
manufacturers have special pea and
bean hulling attachments for grain
separators, which are said to do satis
factory work. These attachment may
be added to the ordinary separator at
small cost.
, Special pea and bean separators or
different sizes are now on the market.
These types of machines do clean hull
ing and split practically none of the
beans. Undoubtedly " such bepara
tors are more satisfactory and eco
nomical where a considerable acreage
of beans is grown. In sections where
there Is extensive seed production, In
vestment In such a machine by the
community would be profitable. Soy
beans, if thoroughly dry, can easily be
thrashed with a flail. In only a small
acreage an acre or so this method
is practicable and economical. In a
few sections a corn shredder has been
used to advantage. If properly cured
and dried, the beans shell out readily
with this machine.
Straw Makes Good Feed."
The straw obtained from thrashing
the soy bean for seed Is a valuable
feed for all kinds of stock. In many
Bectlons the straw Is baled at the
time of thrashing and sold In the lra
nfcdlate locality to liverymen, dairy
men, and stock feeders.
As soy-bean seed spoils easily, If
not properly handled, care should be
exercised In curing and storing. After
the beans are thrashed they ahould
be watched carefully to avoid heat
ing and molding. When thoroughly
dry there is no such danger. The best
plan, perhaps, is to spread the seeds
out on a floor immediately after
thrashing and shovel them over from
time to time until they are thorough
dry. After this "they may be safe-
It nut Into sacks, or bins. The
storeroom should be dry and have a
free circulation of air. Soy-bean seed
loses Its viability rapidly, and It Is
not safe to boWeed for planting pur
poses more than . two seasons. The
seeds of the soy bean, unlike those
of the cowpea, are rarely attacked by
weevils or other grain Insects.
WASH KEEPS RABBITS AWAY
Fermula Suggested by D. A. Gilchrist
of Biological Survey as Protec
tion for Trees,
The following formula Is suggested
by D. A. Gilchrist, United States bio
logical survey as an effective tree
wash for protection against rabbits,
enemies of young fruit trees:
Dissolve one ounce of strychnine sul
phate In three quarts of boiling water
and add one-half pint of laundry
starch, previously dissolved In one
pint of cold water. Boll this mixture
until It becomes a clear paste. Add
one ounce of glycerine and atir thor
oughly. When sufficiently cool, apply
to trunks of trees, with a paint brush.
Rabbits that gnaw the bark will be
killed before the tree Is Injured.
Note: It Is probable that one-half
pint of molasses may be substituted
for one ounce of glycerine.
ELEVATED SITE FOR ORCHARD
Drainage Ditches Should Be Provided
Between Rows to Carry Off
Excess Moisture.
Select a well-elevated plot of ground
00 which to plant fruit trees. If the
water table Is too close to the surface
the land must be plowed In such a way
that It will be ridged up to provide
drainage In order to keep the roots of
the fruit trees from standing In the
water. Drainage ditches should be
provided between the rows of the
trees: If the trees are planted on up
land rlay they should be planted to
the same depth that they stood in the
nursery. If the soil Is light or sandy
they shor.ld be planted two Inches
deeper. Tie sure to bay from reliable
nurseries. It Is a waste of labor, time
and money to plant diseased trees or
varieties not suited to the locality In
which they are tc be grown.
ATTRACTIVE
FOR LEISURE HOURS
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TIB two very attractive afternoon
frocks which present rival claims
to admiration In the picture above,
employ the two most favored silk fab
rics, georgette and taffeta, and each
makes the most of this advantageous
utart. In spite of the disparity In
these materials the two frocks have
several features In common; both are
made with a tunic, both achieve the
widened hip lines which fashion en
courages, and both show the bodice
extended over the waistline at the
front, forming a straight-line, girdle
less effect. These are all important
style features, and each of these
frocks Is distinctive enough to answer
for somewhat more formal dress than
the average afternoon frock is equal
to.
Taking note of the small items that
go to make up the success of the
georgette frock, It appears that the
straight underskirt has no hem, but Is
finished with a plcot edge. It tunic
Is long and full, draped and shortened
at the sides and embellished with
handsome embroidery in silk at the
front and back. There are three-quar
"F ALL tilings that must be ac-
J compllshed according to set cus
toms a wedding requires the closest
following of accepted rules. In order
that the celebration of the ceremony
and all the Incidental events may
move smoothly and successfully, mi
nute attention must be given to all the
details of preparation for the occasion,
from the assembling of the wedding
party to the departure of the bridal
pair on their honeymoon. Leaving
out the matter of the trousseau which
la a separate affair there are many
other things that must be considered
and adjusted.
To begin at the beginning there
are the invitations. At least tnree
weeks and even a month before the
day of the ceremony, these are to be
sent out to lists of names which In
clude those furnished by the groom
whose mother or alster assists In mak
tag up his list. The bride's parents
furnish the invitations and announce
ments and the latter are to be mailed
Immediately after the wedding to
friends who have not been Invited to
attend the ceremony. . No near rela
tive or close friends are to be over
looked, even though they live too far
away to come conveniently. The wed'
ding Invitations and announcements
are to be engraved on heavy white
paper, in script or shaded Roman
letters, and cards to the reception
and "at home" cards enclosed. ' If the
wedding Is to take place out of town,
train cards are also necessary and If
In a large city cards for admission to
tho church may be required.
"At home" carda are enclosed with
announcements. If a limited number
of people are to be asked to the re
ception, the card to the reception win
be left out of invitations to others.
The Invitations are enclosed In two
envelopes, the Inner one bearing the
name of the recipient without any
address and without first names, ex
cept when tney are necessary 10
distinguish between members of the
same family. The outer envelope car
rles the name and home address of the
recipient and the names of the street
nil state are spelled out Invitations
are Issued In the name of the bride's
parents. If only one of them Is living.
In the name of that one, or If the
bride Is an orphan. In the name of a
senior relative. A widow without a
near relative to announce her mar
riage Issues a Joint announcement
with the groom. Upon receipt or a
wedding Invitation and card to the
reception, an acknowledgment is
jiede Immediately, written In formal
style.
Be-ldes furnishliig the Invitations
he Parents of the bride assume all
other exi-enses the decoration of the
KThenEtiquette of Weddings J
FROCKS
ter-length sleeves having n narrow
band of embroidery at the bottom,
and, lest we overlook the original
management of the bodice at the
front, embroidery emphasizes It and
calls attention to the narrow collar.
Four small, l Rllk-covered balls fall
from the ends of the unnecessary but
pretty pretense in collars.
In the taffeta frock the tunic be
comes an apron drapery at the
front and back, edged with a flounce
of the silk that Joins the draperies
and widens the hips at the same time.
This flounce has three narrow cord
Ings along Its edge and is set on to
the drapery with a cord, insuring It
considerable flare. This frock has an
underbodice cut, with short kimono
sleeves and these sleeves are corded
near the edge. Below the cords nar
row tabs made of folds of taffeta
carry a narrow ribbon run through
them as a finish. The round neck is
finished In similar fashion. . Sleeves
as short as these are Infrequent In
American frocks, but there Is plenty
of authority for them In French Im
portations.
L-hurtn, me tees to the sexton, th
awning at the church door, the music,
the expenses of the reception, furnish
lng motors for the bride and her at
tendants. If the bride Is an orphan
with no close relatives and Is married
under the chaperonage of a married
friend, she assumes these expenses
herself. The bride decides upon the
gowning of her attendants, her maid
or matron of honor, maids and flower
girl deferring absolutely to ber In this
matter. On the day before the wed
ding the bride eotertalrs her attend
ants at luncheon and presents each
with a souvenir. She selects ber at
tendants from among her own and
the groom's relatives. Including la the
cortege close friend as well.
A few days before the wedding the
bridal procession Is rehearsed, with
every member of the bridal party
present and with the music to be
played at the wedding. On the day of
the wedding motors art sent fdr the
maids and the maid of honor, who as
semble at the home of the bride where
they receive their bouquets. At the
ceremony the maids are to stand In
the positions decided upon and leave
the church In pairs or each with an
usher. The maid of honor will bold
the bride's bouquet or prayer book.
which the bride hands to ber at the
proper time, returning them at the end
of the rite of plighting troths. At
the end of the ceremony the maid of
honor may throw back the face veil.
If one la worn by the bride and see
that the train falls gracefully. When
the bridesmaids - leave the church
each In company with an usher then
the maid of honor le escorted by the
best man. But If the maldo so out
two by two. the attendant of honor
precedes them alone. In this case
the best Ksn goes out by the vestry
door and goes from there to the place
0 the reception. The motor which
brought him and the groom to the
church takes the bride and groom
away from It
A good many duties fall to the lot
of the best man, who la chosen by the
groom, who also selects the ushers.
These usually include several rela
tives or friends of the bride. Just be
fore the wedding the groom gives a
farewell bachelor dinner to his best
man and ushers and presents eack
with a souvenir, usually a scarf pin or
other bit of Jewelry. He also may In
struct his best man to see that the
cravats he may choose for the ushers
and best man are delivered at thei
houses the day before the wedding.
DEI STABLE
I
Sanitary and Healthful Home for
Herd of Cows.
SILOS PRESERVE FRESH FEED
Sunlight, Fresh Air and Warmth, Three
Things That Make Cows Pro
ductive and Healthy Are
Provided For.
By WILLIAM A. RADFORD.
Mr. William A. Radford will answer
queations and iv advice KREJ3 OK
COST on all subjects pertaining to the
subject of building work on th farm, for
the readers of this paper. On account of
his wld experience u Editor, Author and
Manufacturer, he is, without doubt, the
higheet authority on all these subject.
Addreee all Inquiries to William A. Rad
ford No. 1827 Prairie avenue, Chicago,
111., and only inclose two-cent stamp for
reply.
Now that spring Is fast turning Into
summer, It Is time for the owner of
the modern dairy farm to begin to
plan the new buildings he may need
to house his herd next winter. For
It is an undisputed fact that a modern,
sanitary, weather-tight and well-ventilated
cow stable and barn is -one of
the greatest profit producers for the
owner of a dairy herd.
Summer Is the time farmers are
required to build new buildings or
remodel the old ones, for In the warm
weather the stock takes care of them
selves and building operations can go
pn without Inconvenience. However.
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the quicker the farmer gets his plans
and arranges for the construction of
the buildings be wants the better.
The advantages and good features
of modern dairy barns aad cows' sta
bles have been pointed out In these
articles numerous times, but they are
so Important to the man who wants to
get the maximum of profit from his
herd that they will bear repetition
many times.
Sunlight fresh air and warmth are
the three things that make cows pro
ductive and healthy. And nature fur
nishes all three without charge. The
dairy herd owner, however, has to sup
ply the building la which nature's
gifts may be conserved and put to'
work for the profit of the dairyman.
A cow stable designed to house the
herd in the most profitable way Is
shown In the accompanying Illustra
tion. This Is a one-story cow stable,
designed so that the milk producers
will be kept warm and comfortable In
winter, will be supplied with plenty
of fresh air, and their surroundings
will be sanitary.
The building Is 102 feet long and
88 feet wide, and Is of frame construc
tion set on a concrete foundation.
This building Is what Is known as the
"monitor" type, taking Its name from
the shape of the roof. Along the aide
walls of the building are 28 windows,
IS on each side, while In the monitor
part of the roof there are as many
more windows, equally distributed on
either side.
These windows are one of the most
Important features of the building. In
the first place they face the east and
ws. ao that whenever the sun Is
shining In the winter the building In
terior gets the full effect of It Cows
provide their own warmth In winter,
and the better they are protected the
less, heat they throw off. neat Is
produced by the food the animals con
snme. So It can be realized that the
less food required to produce heat the
more food will go toward milk pro
duction. That Is what a weather-
tight warm cow stable does toward
Increasing milk production. The feed
the animals consume goes to milk rath
er than to produce heat to keep the
cows warm.
The sunlight admitted by the many
windows also has a purifying effect
on the air la the barn. It will be
noted by consulting the floor plan that
the 34 stalls are grouped In four
blocks and that the animals face the
center of the building. This arrange
ment throws the litter alleys to either
side of the building, where they get
foil benefit of the sunlight When It
Is remembered that sunlight le ra
ta re's germ killer. It will be under
stood that there Is a atrong motive for
this arrangement
Another feature of the modern dairy
barn is Its equipment The factory
method of arranging the equipment so
that the work can be done easily and
quickly Is used In the modern dairy
barn. Also numerous pieces of labor
suvlng equipment are Installed.
The stall partitions usually are of
steel, set Into the concrete floor. These
partitions are easily kept clean and
sanitary. The floors of the stalls are
either of concrete or some of the less
hard floor materials, such as cork brick
or wood block. Back of each stall Is a
gutter, which permits the refuse to be
washed to a drain whence It is piped
to a liquid manure tank.
Overhead Is a carrier track running
over both the Utter alleys at the sides
of the stable and over the feeding al
ley through the center of the building.
The carrier that Is hung to the track
provides a means by which the litter
can be removed to the manure plies
at the rear of the stable and by which
the food can be distributed to the stall
head.
Drinking cups, which are connected
to the pipes from the water pressure
system are located at the stall head,
one cup for each tw cows. These
drinking cups or bowls are Ingenious
devices. They have a valve In them
that turns on the water as the cows
press down their muzzles, and shuts
off the water as the cows raise their
heads. Careful watch has been kept
on cows In stables wlyre there" aro
drinking cups, and It has been record
ed that there Is little time In either
the day or night when one or more of
the animals are not drinking. Jlecords
of milk production In the same sta
bles show that where there Is a con
tinuous supply of fresh water, the ani
mals give from 10 to 20 per cent moro
milk.
Fresh feed during the winter ' an
other Important thing for profitable
dairy farm operation; At the end of
the stable shown in the illustration
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there are two silos, which combined
have sufficient capacity to provide the
animals this building will house with
fresh feed all through the cold months
when the cows are Inside.
It Is In such stables as this one
that present-day dairy farmers are
housing their herds and are making
them a great deal more profitable In
vestment than under the old condi
tions. A modern dairy barn or cow
stable will pay for Itself In Increased
revenue In a few years.
KEROSENE LAMPLIGHT BEST
Efficiency of the Eye' Declared te Be
Best When a Yellow Flame
Is Used.
There has long been an Impressloa
that yellow light Is more agreeable to
the eye than that containing chiefly
the green and Blue rays, snd It Is
generally believed, for example, by
many medical and technical men that
the kerosene flame produces a more
"restful" light than other lUumlnanta,
especially than Incandescent solids.
This supposition has been submitted
to careful tests by C E. Ferree and
O. Band, and the results have appear
ed In the Transactions of the Illumi
nating Engineering society, remarks
the Scientific American Monthly. The
experiments have compered the kenv
sense flame with the light from the
carbon incandescent lamp, the Mazda
lamp and with Welshach mantles con
taining various amounts of ceria, and
therefore varying in yellowness. The
standard of comparison Is the effi
ciency of the eye as determined by
the ratio of time during which stead
ily observed type Is clear or blurred.
The results obtained from numerous
careful, prolonged experiments Indi
cate that there Is some Justification
for this impression, as they Indicate
that the efficiency of the ere diminish
es more rapidly with light from the
metal filament than with that from
kerosene, and decreasing yellowness
In Welsbach mantles also diminishes
this efficiency of the eye. The au
thors, however, are not yet prepared
to state positively that yellow light
Is better than mhite. but merely that
yellow Is better than green.
Te Clean Painting.
A successful way to clean oil paint
ings Is t sponge them quickly with ,
pure snap suds. After drying th sur
face .with a soft cloth, rab the picture
with a chamois skin barely moistened
with sweet olL
India's Cotton.
The total estimated yield cf the In
dian cotton crop-far 1919-1KS) Is 5.m$.
000 bales of 4'X pounds ea -h. Ind.'a
can supply not more than 3 per reel
of the textiles L r domestic Oeuiadd,
t