The Fayette falcon., November 05, 1920, Image 2

About The Fayette falcon. (Somerville, Tenn.) 190?-current

Image provided by: University of Tennessee

                
if " " . . i ',1
NCLE fyn Is apparently a
success as a furrier. This
Is it pleasing bit of news
In these days when the
hol tiollol seem to delight
lyy I in taking a.vuincic ai me
I flH'erH' government Any-
year? ago that the cn8e
vntlnnlRt were lioUllnc 11 0
their liuuds In horror over the threat
ened extinction of the once enormous
l herds In Alaska. Now, It appnirs,
the sen Is are Increasing greatly In
numbers and probably will become as
numerous ai ever.
Moreover, a new American Industry
has been created. There never wos
any seal fur Industry In the United
Stutes, though the United States wos
Ihe greatest . fur consumer " In the
world now It has the largest and
best, conducted under government di
rection. Along with It the government
has been building up a hy-producta In
dustry fif which oil and meat are
the chief Item, and Is making use
Of the seals on the Mhllnf Islands to
maintain awl Increase the gray fox
herd and enlarge the fox-skin business.
Along with that goes the probing" of
the Islands for seal bones for fertlller,
also a profitable Industry, and the gov.
rnment has found ways to get a far
greater yQld of furs than ever before
while at the same time greatly In
creasing the herd.
When one soya that the government
has found means to Increase both the
yield and herd It may not strike the
reader aa so astonishing as It wouia
be If put In another way. If forestry
could manage conservation so as to
increase the amount of lumber taken
out and at the nine time Increase the
number of trees, that would be a match
In conservation for what conservation
ha done In the matter of seals.
The chief credit for these achieve
ments les at the door of Dr. Hnth
M. Smith.' the commissioner of fish
eries, one of the foremost authorities
on fish culture In the country. So
says former Secretary of Commerce
William C. Itedfleld, who took Pr.
Smith's Ideas and carried them out.
Mr. Itedfleld tells the story thus :
-We took hold of It In 191.1 and
found existing the five-year closed
pes son, which forbnde the kllMnu of
. n miIb excent the small number
needed by the natlver for food. That
gave us plenty of time to plan for
the taking up of the production on a
large scale. This country was the
largest producer of sealskin-: and the
largest consumer of seal furs. Cut the
process was that we would takr ihe,
skins and ship' them down to Snn
Frsiielsco or Seattle, send them acn
the continent, cm the Atlantic ocenn
with them and land them In Iindon.
There they were dyed, dressed and
made tnt flnlhed furs, and tVn
mere sent back again ncros the At
Untie ocean to the United States m
an Imported article, paying 30 rr
cent duty, to he consumed by our ow n
popteiuie trip acros the ointment
tnd two across the ocean.
The economic wastefulmss of tb;it
process needs only to be stated, t'.e
product being ours originally and the
market ours. There was no adequcte
plant l thN country for dvelng. dre
tag and machining sealskin. London
First American Novelist
The nwa who la usually referred to
aa the first American novelist and
wow claim to the title e-ms to I
undisputed, was Chsrle Rrorkd. o
Brwft. waa bora hi PtoUadelpMa
la 17fL awl H4 la 181(1. His t-s
vet "W1 eland." Is a morWd horw
atorr Ni-ed on eeorrlMulsm. n1
wtiHe lun-rooahle H contain scenes
f grett fwwwr. f pcWshed serrrn.1
pt novel, stvi la 179B a nook oo '!-
THE
1 TiirrieKxf p;
1 1 1 w V - CTf IT II T ""k: Wh-.
i aA V i
j 'T?!7As -u 1
had long had a substantial monopoly
In these processes. In Its original con
dition the sealskin looks nothing like
Ihe fur you see in the market. The
skin Is a yellowish gray with an outer
luver of what are called guard hairs.
The actual fur lies within the guard
hairs and close to the skin, and on
the removal of the guard hairs looks
like a rather curly, soft, silky wool,
lleht brown In color. The process con-
slsts In removing the hairs without In-
Jury to the fur thut lies beneuth. In
the tanning and dressing of the skin,
the dyeing of the for, and finishing It
by a machining process. There are
ISO separate operatlona on the akin
before Mt reaches what we know aa
seal furs, and the process takes about
three months.
"In the United States there waa
nothing adequate of the kind. We
arranged for the establishment of a
fur-dressing, dyeing and finishing In
dustry which should be the equal of
anything In the world. We made this
arrangement with a contractor, who
established a factory In St. Louis. It
employs something over 300 hands,
and Is the largest establishment of Its
kind on earth and gives us the
finest product In the world. During
the last year .of the closed season,
with the limited amount of furs we
were able to obtain from the natives
mid which we sent to St. LoiiK the
factory was able to get Its hand In for
the larger business that was to follow
nd - train Its men for handling the
nrowsst on a lareer scale. A number
of exnerts from Great Britain volun
tarllv came over and took part In the
organization of the .factory and the
trnlning of the hands.
"Then In 1018 we renewed the com
mrria1 kllllne of seals. The quota waa
tw1 mt R.VO0O and we took ,14.883
seals. In the next year. 101." the
quota was 3S.0O0. and the total num
ber at the end of August, practically
the close of the season, was 23.381.
The result has been an Immense
saving to our government In the cost
of handling its product, and a very
much greater return to the govern
ment In the shape of profit."
Here Mr. Kedfleld Illustrated Ida
point by giving the figures of a single
pnle held Oct. 7. 1018. The number of
skins sold was 12.002. The gross pro
ceeds were $777.131 :'the expenses. n
chiding cost of preparation of skins,
transportation, agents' commissions,
discount for cash, etc., asgregafed
S233.103.S2. Thus the net proceeds on
this slncle sale of 12.002 sealskins
were $544,733.78. At this same auc
tion the government contractor sold
fot skins numbering C02 blue alid 19
white nelts. The-gross receipts were
$38,170.30. the expenses were fC.2SO.80,
and the procvds were $31,808.34.
yin that xame Island." resumed the
cx-MM-retary. "the government owns
th- finest herd of foxes In the world.
We feed the foxes with the offal of
the slaughtered seals, snpplle'd from
our new by-products factory. We
found that the carcasses of seals con
tained a lot of valuable material
which was being thrown away. We
set up a rendering plant at first for
frylr.g out the blubber. The plant
cost $23,000 and paid for ItselfSo the
first year paid for Itself In oil. It Is
the Intention of the department to de
voce and marriage which enunciated
many views then considered very radi
cal but now widely accepted. No other
novels thsn tola wrre published by
native American antll the appearance
of "The Spy." hy Jamee Fenimore
Cooper. In 1831.
Islands cf tha Artillt.
Enrthqnskee and hnrrlcawe are fa
miliar pbeoomewa In MartmWjne. Like
wise fltwVWmpe. wWi ta realty twe
rd, called Grande Terre an Re
Terr, a narrow arm f the sea aep-
FAYETTE FALCON. . lMK ViLLE, TENNESSEE
velop such of the seal as Is fit for
food, while the ofTal Is used for the
fox herd.
'We discovered there whnt have
been nicknamed 'Uedfield's Old nones.'
It was a deposit of seal bones which
had accumulated for over a century.
Some of these deposits were several
feet thick and ran for over 100 miles.
In 1919 we got 300.000 pounds out
and got $3,801. They are excellent
fertilizer. 'Tractors and trailers are at
work there. Then we put In use a
power lighter to Unalaska, 150 miles
away. The government has a proper
ty worth $20,000,000 on the two
Prlbllof Islands of St. Paul and St
Ceorge.
"We turned our attention to the big
old male seals, which were supposed
to be so rouch and torn and markea
by flfc'htlng as to be no use. and we
found that these could be made Into
very flue skins. A single one of these
skins Is big enough for an automobile
coat. They don't sell for unythlng In
London, but at our sales in tney
sold high above the prices for tne
small skins. All thut Is clear gain, le
cause the skins of these old bulls were
supposed to be a dead loss. Further
more, It helps the herd, because now
the number of males Is very much
larger than Is needed. for tl normal
Increase of the herd.
"Though In 101S we killed 33.000
seals. In that year the herd Increased
11 per cent. At ihe present rate It
would double In ten years. It Is get
tins to be a maitnltloent property.
"Look at the results: The estab
lishment of an entirely new Industry,
th lnnrest and best of Its kind In the
world; the obtaining thereby of this
great product, the largest In the
world: nuttlnz It entirely under our
control from beginning to end, from
the Mrth of the pup down to tha
mnfeln of the sealskin.
"This thing has been so successful
that the Japanese government, tne
Uruguayan government aftd some otn
ra have sent not only their own seal
skins, but other skins as well, to St
1-onls to be treated In this way.
"It Is a . very wonderful result of
conservations The raw material, so
far from being wasted. Is Increasing
all the time. It Is In a certain sene
mittnff vonr cake and having It too
We can kill 30.000 a year and yet add
right along to the t.lze of our new
Lost Motion.
, "Did Mrs. findder do much traveling
dnrlne the suminerr
"WelL colng hack and forth, I
should say she traveled hundreds of
miles."
"What do you menn by "back and
forth r "
"She put In seven hours a day In a
rn.-fclr.ir chair on the veranda of a
summer hotel." Birmingham Age-
Herald.
Perfectly Lovely.
What Impressed ns m-wt yesterday
In the course of the ten or fifteen
minutes which we spent In our listen
ing post, attentively overhearing the
ronrersntlon of the neighbor women.
was the remarkable elasticity of the
word lovely, which seems to apply
to almost anything, from a tlnnla to
the scar left by a major operation.
ratine them. The fonnei la mostly
lowland, with extensive Agar planta
tions, while Itasse Terra, despite Ita
name. Is rugged, with cloud-capped
mountain" that show modest signs of
volcanic activity. Not far to tKe sooth
la a bnncb of small Islands which, fee
ing regarded as one of tL strategic
points of the Antilles, are formidably
fortified.
Optlmlttle Thowont. '
Troohlea are hut a many taatract
ra to teMS men wit
EVANSTON, ILL., LIBRARY ON WHEELS
In recent years the automobile has been put to various use the latest
being the "library on wheels." Books and papers of various kinds are now
delivered and collected to homes and places of Industry by the Evanston. IIL,
public library. The photograph shows a group of children making a selection
of the different volumes carried by an automobile.
SAYS CAR RUNS
BESTJT NIGHT
Authority on Engineering Ex
plains Effeot of Cool Atmos
phere on Motor.
COMBUSTION MORE PERFECT
Evening Air Estimated to Make Dif
ference of About 5 Per Cent In
Power of Engine Producea
Mora Powerful Impulse.
Speaking In a general sense, a mo
tor ought to run better at night than
In the daytime. Whether It does so or
not has been a matter of argument be
tween motorists ever since motorists
existed, and one readily remembers
columns of discussion that lasted for
years In almost all the early automo
bile magazines.
lleally. the thing Is very simple,
says that engineering authority, a.
Ludlow Clayden, In Motor Life. On
la liable to forget that two things are
burned In a gasoline motor gasoline
and air. Neither can burn without
the other. Also to get the best and
most powerful combustion the propor
tions of gasoline to air cannot vary
very much. To one cylinder full of air
Just so much gasoline and no more can
be added.
Cylinder Full of Air.
To one cylinder full of air! What
Is a cylinder full? The answer is tnat
It all deMi.ds upon wliut )'u fill It
from. Everybody knows that when
driving In very high altitudes the rare
fied air causes a noticeable lose or
power; anyone who has driven at 3,
000 feet elevnton cannot fall to have
observed this.
Now. the real reason for the loss of
power Is that owing to the rarefying
effect of the altitude, the piston can
only suck In a smaller amount of air
which will only carry with It a small
er amount or gasoline, aim so
n!yroduee a more feeble explosion.
Of course, the volume or air laisen in.
on the suction stroke Is Just the wine
whatever the altitude, but Ita weignt
Is less In proportion as the altitude
Increases and the ratio for bst com
bustion Is between the weight of the
fuel and the weight of the air neces
sary to Insure reasonably complete
combustion.
Heat Rarefies Air.
Other things have the same effect
as aJMtude. For Instance, heat rare
fies air by expanding it so that on a
hot day the air charge which at en
gine can breathe in is smaner id
weight than It would be on a co'o oay.
In testing airplane engines It is an in
variable practice to make an allow
ance for the temperature of the at
mosphere because the difference In
power Is quite appreciable. With a
300 horsepower engUie a varatmn or
13 horsepower or mure can easily oe
mr by renson of nothing else hut
change In the air temperature.
Here Is one of the principal reasons
why an automobile motor does "run
Kr.i.r mt nleht. Nicht air Is almost
always cooler than day air. so at night
the engine can get a heavier charge
and so produce a mora powerful Im
pulse at each explosion.
WINDSHIELD LIABLE TO LEAK
Where Water Seepa Throuoh Between
Two Panee Trouble May Be Ob
vUted by Lapping Them.
With the slanting type of windshield
water la liable to leak through the
sl'ght opecL between the two panee
of glass when a heavy storm is encoun
tered. This trouble may be obviated
by maklni one of the panee overlap
the other, which, of course,, calls for
the CtU&g of a new oft" J
halt . -
FenaW Kelae.
Whea elbcatkw haa caused a mere
or lee extensive crick ta a fender
there reeulxa a sharp, eraettag aotse
that 1 very anno ring and often la dlf
f!rtT Vim tew
ANTI-SKID CHAIN INVENTED
Flat Plates With Lugs or Projections
Serve to Prevent S ipping of Mo
tor Vehicle.
. In Illustrating and describing an
antl-skld device, the Invention of K.
llenjestorf. I'einwDod, Saskatchewan,
Canada, the Scientific American say:
In connection with tire chains for
the wheels of motor vehicles the In
ventor provides relatively flat plate
Anti-Skid Tread Plate for Tires.
wlth lugs or projections which serve I
to prevent skidding of the vehicle. Ow-
Ing to ihe fact that short lengths ol J
chain miss between the lugs the l.ossl
blllty of clogging of the lugs with mud
Is removed.
TO KEEP WINDSHIELD CLEAR
New York Chauffeur Utilizes Piece of
Chamois Skin and Clean Rag
or Paper.
Louis George, who has for twelve
years been a chauffeur In New York,
writes that for the last two years he
has been ke-ping bis windshield clear
on rainy days In a very simple man
ner. When the windshield Is first wet
he takes a piece of chamois skin, a
clean reg or. If he has notlhng else
handy, a piece of newspaper, and nibs
the gliiFS with It, pressing quite hard,
and he says the glass stays clear so
long as the rain lasts.
AdJTrKlBDLE
Keep watch on the spokes of the
wheels, especially If the car Is an old
oue. If the spokes can be shaken,
tighten the bolu on the flanges of the
hub.
In cases of chronically squeaky
springs, try Jack ig up the car ao that
the weight Is removed from the
springs and then soaking these latter
with kerosene.
.
Five gallons of kerosene containing
one pound of rommercial sulphuric
ether will serve almost aa well as
gasoline as fuel for the moderu auto
mobile engine.
Motortrucks In New York state, with
a capacity of one ton or more, must
hereafter be equipped with mirrors so
that the driver may have a view of the
roud behind him.
The finish of the car, the lustrous
enamel and varnish, teed tender han
dling In the early months of theit
service, or their beauty may be per
manently destroyed.
Washlne- soda, kerosene and plain
soap and water should be the clean
ing agenta used by the tar own
era for cleaning parts, tools, etc,
about the garage
e
Ammonia generates a heavy vapor
that ten!s to seek the floor. In case
at easoline fire this vapor settles
en the flame, keeping off the air andi
smothering the fire.
; la Louisville, Ky no person undef
sixteen yeara of age la allowed to op
erate a motorcar, unless accompanied
by the owner or a person more thaa
twenty-one yeara of age. '
e e
In the thenno-eyphoo cooling aya
tea It la Important to keep the radia
tor full or nearly so. In order that there
may he adequate resistance to keep the
water forcing Ita way forward.
-
A al!ghtly tapering bolt with a aura
her of rteel washer eader the head so
that by removing one or more the holt
may he tightened In rt bearings noakee
an admirable eteeTtef rr ceatectiea.
I
A I v v K. I
FARM
POULTRTf
LARGE INFLUENCE OF MALES
Selection of Roosters to Increase Ego
Production li Urged by Poultry
Specialist.
Although poultry experts hate lonj
advocated culling non-producing bens,
poultry workers at the College of
Agriculture at Ithaca now advise the
selection of roosters to Increase egg
production, according to an article Id
the Cornell Countrymen." From ex
periments extending back for more
wmte Plymouth Rock Cock.
than a year, It has been demonstrated
that It Is possible to determine from
appearances the males which are most
likely to produce the best-paying
hens.
The difference In the appearance of
males is comparable to the difference
lu the rate of growth and the Intensity
with which hens lay, according to the
college. Some hens can lay an egg
once In every 24 hours; others are not
able to produce an egg oftener than
once In 48 hours, although both have
the same care and feed. If one ben
ran fn fnstcr than another. It Indi-
ctteg tt)at 8ne can digest large amounts
ftf feP(J quickly. The experiments at
tn, pojn( determine also the value of
males as foundations of high-produc
ing flocks.
The Cornell workers measured
Kevcral lots of males a vear ago. and
I by observing the records of the off
spring, they say that they can tell
from the appearance of the rooster
whether his daughters will be good
layers. Members of the college etalT
think the results of these experiments
will have as much value In developing
efficient poultry floeka as the original
discovery that It was possible to de
termine by appearance which hen
were laying.
A rooster to .father egg-laying off
spring should grow rapidly and ma
ture quickly, lie should snnesr deep
hwdled and short lesrged. full In bresst
und andomen with a flat, wide back.
Ills head should be moderately short,
set on a large full neck, and with
prominent eyes, A good male for
breeding Is friendly, courageous and
proud of hlmelf. calling attention to
his pride by frequent crowing.
MAKE HEN FLOCK PROFITABLE
With Possible Exception of Leghorns
Fowls Over Two Yeara Old Da
Not Pay to Keep.
It seldom pays to keep hens for lay
ing after they are two and one-lalf
years old. This may not be true of
lEhorns hut Is generally ao of most
other breeds. liens older than this
may return some profit but younger
hens will return greater proflta. In
this day of high-priced feed, culling
will make poultry more profitable.
VARIETY OF FEED ESSENTIAL
Every Flock of Hens Mtfct Be Supplied
With Necessary Material to
Manufacture Eggs.
Every flock of hens Is an egg fac
tory. Like any other factory the flock
can be given the best materials In the
world to work on and still fall to pro
duce enough to pay for running the
plant, flood feed In sufficient variety
la necessary for egg production, but
the ability to manufacture egg from
feed must be there first.
COLONY HOUSE IS PREFERRED
CIve Poultryman Chance te Raise Hie
Fowls Under Ideal Conditions
Must Keep Clean.
Onion r bouse oo free range five
the poultryman a chance to raise hi
birds under Ideal conditions. Dot the
same sanitary precaution must be
taken aa with laying hooae. The email
booses must be frequently cleaned and
aprayed and the roosts painted wtth
kerosene or some lice paint to keep'
down the red mite.
NO PROFIT H POOR LAYERS
Usprefitabl Predcr ShouW Be
Culled Out ta Save H!gh-Prt4
Feed a1 Labor.
It pay to cn3 cot the poor layers
nsy tlaie. te save the feed atsl Ubor
tley cost, but ta eke a proSt oa
Useiji It la beat to call ta late nmiw
r eeriy fall, before the rash of ejwiag
chlrtena krwer the tsarlet price f
aid hes.
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