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JSI ■WATER AND SHADE. iJhade is as essential to the health and cotpfort of the hog, cow or sheep as it is for humanity. Hogs should *n a pool of water in the shade in . which to cool their systems. Hun dreds of hogs die for the want of water and shade. • A GOOD HARNESS DRESSING. The Government harness dressing ts made'as follows: One gallon neat loot oil, two pounds Bayberry tallow, "two pounds beeswax, two pounds beef tallow. Put the above in a pan over a moderate fire. When thoroughly -dissolved add two quarts of castor oil, then, while on the fire, stir in one ounce lampblack. Mix well and strain through a fine cloth to remove sedi ment; let cool and you will have as line a dressing for harness or leather •of any kind as can be had. WHAT MILK CONTAINS. The great majority of the people do not try to know what are the | -component parts of the foods they eat ; or drink. Here is something for the j boy and girl readers of the Agricul- | turist to fix in their minds. One hun- \ dred pounds of good milk contain ( about the following amounts of the ; different constituents: 87 peunds of ! water, 4 pounds of fat, 5 pounds of : milk sugar, 3.3 pounds of casein and i albumen and 7 pounds of mineral matter of salts. liANGSHANS AND BLACK COCHINS A Black Cochin hen, like any other Cochin, requires plenty of time for maturity, often not laying until fully i ■drown, while the I,an -whan hen often i begins to lay when hut little over five months old. The Cochin is the more Sersistent sitter, while the Langshan does not show a strong propersity for so doing, but does her work well when ■she begins, the same as the Cochin. .A Langshan can fly high for a large ■fowl, while the Cochin is no flyer at all. The Langshan always has dark legs, with pink between the toes, while the legs of the Cochin may be either dark or yellow’. The skin of the Langshan is white and the flesh fine In grain, but the Cochin has yellow skin and rather coarser-grained flesh. The carriage of the Langshan is ma jestic. and its beauty of plumage is Increased by the long sickle feathers, while the Cochin is more compact In body and should have no sickle feath- j er. except such as are short and nb: -aptly turned over. DEHORNING. The edil"r of Farm and Home says: The vlm.s arising in consequence of the dehorning of dairy cattle at the Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station are well worthy of being giv n the fullest publicity. They should be known .o all who own such cattle. Quite a number of cattle of this class had the horns removed at the Institution named. At different times opportunity was dn this way given to study and com pare all the influences of the operation. Thus It came to be held by those participating that “the pain of the •operation of dehorning has been over eetlmated. The mortality is practi cally nothihg." The almost unanimous opinion of those who have practiced it in their berds Is in Its favor. “The worry, pain and cruelty of animals to their mates is eliminated when these in struments of torture are removed, and the lack of fear and quite content ment of the individuals of the herd ' at once noticeable." SELECTING SEED CORN. The true selection of a better .breed of corn Is not confined to the selection of the best ears by any means, al though this is the popular idea of corn Improvement. As every corn raiser ■knows, certain seed will raise corn that is almost ideal, so far as the ear goes, but there are but few ears on a pi rut This being the case. It Is evident that the true selection of corn is the ■election of the plants whieh show the desired characteristics all through their growth up to the time of har vml. mo that the plants should be closely watched from the time they break ground ami thus securing the bablt of growth as well rs the per pectlon of ear so deslrab e. Many of the plants will make a ■tronrer growth than others and ripen the full crop earlier; If such a plant Is what Is desired it can only be found by wati-h!** its growth through the season. Thn If the yield Is all that is desired ode comes pretty near bavins the 4csr nl/at and oae which Is, prot.ab'y" capable of even greater lmprov nu-nf WASHING IRISH POTATOES. A Michigan farmer who handles over 2.P00 bushels of potatoes each | pear, washes every bushel. He says: "For five years I have washed all potatoes and have never net a bushel | by rot after I put them away In the cellar 1 dip with a digger and pick up the potatoes as fast as they are dug.. They art then hauled to a suit- j able rack for washing, where a mill boat is turned on them with forty 1 pounds of pc .-sure. In this way 10# bushels' are washed clean enough in . ten minutea to bake or boll. I \m them lie for a few minute* only, thea pick them up and put la one bush crate, after which they stand la the sun or wind for from two to three hours, long enough to dry nl-ely The potatoes are then packed away in a cool, dry cellar, where they re main until wanted for use or to a n 'l “I have feund thia to be the most practical way to care for potatoes o> other roots. The potatoes being In bushel crates are ready to sell by the load or bushel and can be handiet very quickly and cheaply No mease r ing Is necessary, no weighing requlp ed—already to sell, use or plant.” WATCH THE LITTLE PIGS. The systematic man on th farm It the one who generally makes the money. At a Farmers' In titule in II ; linois, one of the hog growers mads j a statement which showed wonderful results. He said: “If you take a litter of pigs the | morning after they are horn, and put ; them in a basket and on the sea es i : you will fled they weigh all the way , from sixteen to eightetn pounds, ac- ] I cording to the age and size of tho j mother; then if you weigh them the I ; next morning, and every twenty-fout j hours in succession, you will And that i j they have made a live-weight gain \ j of all the way from two pounds, three j three and or.e-iaif, four and as high I as five poends, and in order to train 1 this weight the sow must have given ! at least consideration twentv-flve ot thirty pounds of miik during the twenty-four hours. This is the way : I have milked her. It takes elevtn pounds of milk to make one pound ol ! live-weigbt in a fifty-pound pig, and so f can easily calculate. I don’t know how many litters of pigs I have weigh ed on my place. Now, then, gentle men, if you have a mother that Is a good milker, a good mother of a kind disposition, and of good hearing, keep her on the farm, and do not discard her and breed from immature hogs. They should not farrow until they ar tweleve .months old.” POULTRY NOTES. The time of hatch, more than the breed, regulates laying. In-breeding should not be tolerated for more than two years Keep all buildings for poultry weil j covered with whitewash, put on thick. The best stock is the cheapest, therefore, never sell the best and never bur anything but the best. Fowls in confinement need a variety of food, and one of the most import ant of them is green food of some kind. Put a good flock of hens in the plum orchard and the trees will be less sub ject to curculio and will produce good crops of fruit. In no case can we make good, ma ture fowls of poorly-fed and badly managed chickens. It is economy first and last to feed well. So far as can be done, green food should form a part of the daily ra tions through the year, as it seems necessary to insure health, produc tiveness and fertility. A stale egg which remains in one position for a number of days has the yolk adhering to the membrane of the shell. The position of the germ often causes the embryo chicken to hatch either weakly or deformed. The poultry business is one ol many details, and they need close fol lowing. Unless a person is willing to give attention to little things, and not only to them once, but many times, as occasion may require, it is not ad visable to go into the business ve r * extensively. Chinese Fond of Birds, The Chinese are extravagantly fond of birds and carry their caged favor ites out to walk with them as com monly as we take our dogs. As pet*, the lark and the thrush are rivals. The former is a sweet, untiring singer, the latter has greater aptitude for learning tricks, although the '‘specta cle thrush," with its black-circled eyes, looks so grave and wise that one feels surprised to see it perform all sorts of antics. One of its cousins, no less clever, and far prettier, has eyes only partially framec by a som ber velvet line,'and is known as "hwa mi,” or "painted eyebrows." Also popular as a household bird, more par ticularly in the southern provinces, Is the magpie, or "Joyous one.”—Our Ani Friends. — Study Your Msther-in-Law. “Study your prospective mother-in law befor? marriage, for ft might save you a disagreeable life time at closer quarters," was the Rev. H. N. Quisen. berry’s advi'e to young men at the College Avenue Baptist Church, Indi anapolis, in his sermon on “Whom to Marry, When to Marry and the Wed ding.” The Rev. Quisenberry said that the young woman who is usually responsible for the “swell" weddings, j His remarks were sarcastic regarding I such wcdillt'-ss,' of which he disap [ proves. “Marry in one of three places" said the preacher, "the church, the | home of the bride or the home of the past r.” He octcluded,. says the In ' dianapalis News, by telling every I young man in the congregation that he ought to be married.—Philadelphia Record. Caution Against the Habit of Quarrelling By nmirlce Fairfax. KSP% Wondfr ‘r H aur girl* think It necessary to maintain a I *roe of patty quarrels with t%e own they care moat for! II Men am ant nan loan to quarrel, but the sir's force the situa ■■■ ob os them an* they are obliged to answer back or appear like pea- spiritless things without tbs spunk to stand up and assert . i was Mach nautnt the other day at a conversation I over beard on a ferryboat A girl aad a nsaa were :s.k:ag togstber. The nighi brt -*• ti ha 1 evidently >ft bin in thn lurch while she went # n -r, -•:< Tin nsi was r* T iin'raiiot with her in the mildest pnseible manner b ■ it pleased her to think be wna quarrelling. "Well she said, "yon needn't get so and about It." "Oh I'm set mad." he answer'd is only telling you what I thought about it ” You are mad the air 1 :i-cl "Y >ur eyes are just snapping.” The roaversstlnai ran along la thta strain and by the time we landed the man really was angry, though I am sure it would bare puzzled his masculine brain lo have dt.. overed Just exS'tly what he waa angry about. The secret of the matter was that the girl wanted him to be angry because J It implied a ■ -rials amount of interest <ra bit aide I think you make a mistake in quarrels of Ihia kind, gir’s and at flrst the me* are rather amused. they like to tee you Mure up and answer smartly, but j they soon tire of It and a man says to Mmself: "Dear me, I seem to be always ; quarrelling with this girl nnd I'm tired of R." Men are penee-lovlng creatures nnd the girls they like best In the long . run in* the gent>e. peaceful ones It may it that many of these quarrels are provoked principally for the pleasure of making up ay*>;n !ut 'her* will come a day when It will not be so easy to make up The worm will turn and ihen good-bye to your friend. Men nr Mtlb you know and It is hard enough to hold them, even when things run rir.ooth y so If yon take nr advice you will stop the quarrelling, i It Is not alcn • with the men they know best that girls adopt this quarrelsome ! lone Sometlm-s you will hesr a girl at It when she has barely met a man. It never lakes well; and though the man may seem Interested at first, he gen i erslly leaves her with the unpleasant feeling that he has been to blame, for he doesn't qulie'know whit. I Don't imagine that a man will fhlnk you are running after him just be cause you are nice to him Men are not so conceited as all that. Th y like the qfrl who frank'* shows that she enjoys being with them and appreciates the little attentions paid her —New York Journal. jm & m C&nad&s National Ambitions By I-*- X. VtcOrntli. HMNCIDENT with the expansion of Canada's resources and the marvelous growth of her property has been born a national sen timent. This, no less than economic reasons, has dictated her policy of developing the Northwest She alms to become a sister state rather than a mere province; and she Is anxious as to her national safety, with *u. h a powerful neighbor to the south of her. She would b'-com self centered and independent of outside aid. She chalks under the specta- eof Un:ted State* railways haul ing her product*, and United States aegports forming outlet* or Inlets for her commerce. She also fears that United States antagonism may cause the re peal of the bonding privilege by which Canadian goods are carried across Am erican territory In bond or an embargo on rtie shipment of wheat from Am erican ports, as the Southern States proliblted the export qf cotton during the Oivll War Should this be done at a critical period. Canada's commerce would be crippled and the British tales reduced to the v-rge of starvation. Supple mental to these facts is the contention of some authorities that the grain ex portation of the United States has now reached Ita high water mark, because with all Its prairie lands virtually under cultivation and Ita population grow Ing at the rate of two or three millions a year, the country's domestic needs will absorb larger quantities of the totsl grain product each year, so that within twenty years It should hive little, if any, to export. Canada's grand ambition Is to become Britain's granary, and to tend for ward these breadstuff* by Canadian railway and steamship lines alone The weakness of the Canadian Pacific Railroad, from the commercial standpoint | of Canada. Is that Its western connections facilitate the '‘routing" of grnln exports via American channels, while Its military drawback la that certain o I j Its western stretches near the boundary and its short line through Maine, are exposed to American attacks. Its rivals, the New National Transcontinental (Grand Trunk Pacific) and rtie Canadian Northern ar so located as to be free from this peril, and they will be, essentially, "all Canadian" lines, though fn winter, when the Bt. Lawrence Is frozen Grand Trunk freight may be shipped via Portland as well as St John's or Halifax —From "Canada's Commercial and Industrial Expansion." American Monthly Review of Review*. & & & A Skit on Cheerfulness By Addison Fox, Jr. 5 CHEERFUL. It'* not only a great mistake, but very wrong. In- 1 deed, to be anything else And remember that nothing Is worth I striving for unless It requires an efTort to get It. That la why w iywM should be thankful that the conditions surrounding us to-day flD.i.infliht are such as to make cheerfulness such a laudable and desirable thing. When the doctor has carelessly removed a portion of your in terior and found out there was nothing In It. do not give way to your feelings, or show that yon are at all put out. On the contrary, smile gladly and say: "Doctor, my only regret is that 1 have but one appendix to give to my country.” When the head of the syndicate that for the past few years has been un demining your oredit and driving you out of business, conies In one morning and says: “I gues3 It’s about tlm? for you to lay down," be cheerful. Don’t give way to your feelings. Don't squirm Hand over what cash there Is left, and smile gaily. Rise above these p*tty things Be cheerful It is your duty so to be. When your best girl—the one whom so long you have adored, whom you have held in your arms night after night, and just knew, as you looked Into her gazelle eyes, was the most precious creature In the world —comes to you and says: "Darling, we may as well understand each other. The conditions of our modern life, to say nothing of my standing in church demand that I have at least five thousand a year to dress on. and I have decided to make a sure thing of It. and take another man Instead of you." be cheerful. Don’t get mad. Don't let your angry passions rise Smile sweetly and reply. "My dear, thank you so much for your kind words." That is to say. be cheerful, for you must remember that this la the time when you need to be cheerful. If you are ever going to be.—Life. & m i& Whzkt is Love? By Maude Roosevelt. MERE are nervous disorders that are often termed love. A man or a woman gets run down, sees everything dark, hopee foe no thing. aims for nothing; then a person of the opposite aez ap- ; proaches, sympathizes, plays on all the overtaxed nerves with a soothing influence, which is studied and deliberate, hut the 9£aj£j£j man quaffs It blindly, as a sufferer drfnks brandy to Mae pain without questioning whether it be Injurious or not. We do not ! examine the character of the one obtaining this power over us. because we 1 are n : . and our illness controls us; we seek merely to ease the inward gnawing with as little pain or effort as possible. Normal love—the iove of a mentally and physically sound person—la not half so hi.ud as poets would have ns be ieve. Indeed, at such a time 1 think the mind is actually critical. Characteristics that the world considers faults in the oae we love may be particularly dear to us; they are nicks that corres pond to the nicks in our own nature. But the Individual Is dissected again and again by the unerring and ever busy blade of our passion. Every quick ened element in us pries and probes to measure itself with the same element in the other; It is the natural mating of things—of the many units in the one unit. This is real love; but the other —the other is the cause of nine-tenths if the world's misery; it is the creator of morbid generations, the destroyer >f correct deductions, the worst menace of humanity.—Llppincotth Magazine. Indian Mineral Oil. • The production of mineral oil in In dia has made remarkable strides dur ing the last decade. In 189" the out put amounted to only 19,100,000 gal lons, whereas in 1902 it had increased t 50,007,000 gallons. Uurmah in this period trebled its output from 18,00'/.- j 000 to 54,000,000. These large qunn { titles notwithstanding, nearly two j thirds of the consumption is still sup j pIKd from abroad.—London Engineer. The total cost of the armored cruia i e- South Dakota, recently launched at [ San Francisco, was $5,000,000. JAPAN’S CONSTITUTION. How It Differs From the Constitu tions of Occidental Nations. There is an Important difference between the constitutions of West ern nations and .that of Japan. The former are the putcome of popular uprisings against the tyranny of rul ers —in other words, of a demand, as of natural right, by the people. Con sequently, even in monarchical Eu rope, constitutions are drawn in such terms as to lay the greatest stress upon popular rights, while at the same time curtailing the power of the sovereign. The Japanese constitution, on the other hand, emanated from the Em peror, the fountainhead of all power. Before the people dreamed of popu lar rights or of a Parliament, the Emperor had already marked out the grand policy of establishing consti tutional government in the future, because of his evident desire and purpose to elevate the country to an equal place among the civilized na tions of the world, not only because he wished it, but also because that course was in strict accordance with the national policy bequeathed by his ancestors. Following that policy, our constitu tion was drawn up with close adher ence to and careful preservation of the fundamental principle of the Im perial Government from time Imme morial. In form, however, it is similar to Western constitutions, with this dif ference, that the text of our consti tutions contains only the fundamen tal principles of state —namely, the prerogatives of the Emperor; the rights and duties of the people; the powers of Parliament; the powers and duties of ministers of state and Judiciary and finance. These are all embodied in seventy six articles. Matters of detail, such, for example, as provisions relating to the rules and proceedings cf Par liament, the laws for the election of members, the national budget, etc., are separated from articles enunciat ing fundamental principles, and are embodied in laws supplementary to the constitution and enacted at the same time. —The Century. The Sun it Made of Yak-Meat. The Thibetans have numberless strange myths, one, the most curi ous, pertaining to the sun, moon and stars. The sun is believed to be an immense ball of yak-meat and fat, whereon the spirits, of departed an cestors are supposed to feast, the light being caused by its heated con dition. The stars are portions of this : Immense feast which, dropping to i earth, give birth to animals for the sustenance of suffering humanity. The moon is a lesser ball of similar 1 texture as the sun, in use while the larger one is being replenished for the morrow. When sun or moon fails to appear In cloudy days and nights, It means that the deities are under going a period of fasting and religi ous abnegation. And the patched and aterlle condition of bleak regions la ascribed to the fact that many thousand years ago the sun-ball slip ped from the hands of Its keepers, descended too near the earth, and, before being recaptured, scorched those parts with which It came in ' contact. I These illustrations, out of hundreds that might be cited, at least give a hint of the Ignorance, superstition and brutality of the Thibetans, as well aa of their heterogeneous tribal relations, their lack of any real na tional union, and their inability to resist aggression; a hint also of the greatness of England’s task—not so much as conqueror In war, but as up- Ufter In peace.—W. C. Jameson Reid In the Booklovers' Magazine. Glove Wearers. “It Is a peculiar fact that the Southerners have small hands. I rarely sell a size over 10. and the average sizes are from 7 to 9. In the North the average atze is from 10 to I*. Another peculiar fact is that east of the Mississippi I sell Che itressed kids, while west of the river, even in St. Louis, the demand is for mochas. I very seldom sell a smooth i l y dressed glove west of the Mlssis- I slppl. Styles have changed, cities have changed. Milwaukee has chang ed and men have changed during tne 22 years I have been selling gloves. I have travelled out of Milwaukee fourteen years and never before was ! Interviewed about the business, i Among the cowboy* the gaunlet for merly reigned supreme, and nothing i could be sold them but a finely (lress ! ed gauntlet of the best buckskin. : which la plain, but aa carefully made ja* the finest Imported kid from i France. The cowmen are extremely I particular about the'lr gloves, and wear cut a good many pairs. They j - are ax particular about their gloves i ! as the Northerner I* about his white i shirt or stand-up collar.”—Milwaukee > Wisconsin. Stripes. -Did you ever stop to think about ; the origin of the stripes we use in j our prisons." said a man with an eye for the curloua. "It you have not it . will not take you long to figure the thing out if you happen to know any- j thing about the Bible. The fact Is j that we get the idea from the oid dis- ‘ pensatlon. When I say we 1 mean the people of our civilization, of our own i | day and time and who live under ai.d j are guided by our systems and no- j j tlons. For instance, in the laws and ! ordinances Of Deuteronomy we find , the following, which will give us the clew to the origin of stripes as i badge of infamy: 'll there hi a con- , troveray between man, and they coma into judgment, that the jungas • may judge them; then they shill justify the righteous and coudemn the wicked. And it shall be, if the wick ed man oe worthy to be beaten, that the judge shall cause him to lie down and to be beaten before hi 3 face, ac cording to his fault, by a number. Forty stripes he may give him and not exceed; lest if he should exceed and beat him above these with many stripes, then thy brother should seem vile unto thee.’ Now instead of in flicting these physical stripes we put striped clothes on the men who offend the law, or who may come unto judg ment, that the judges may judge them,’ as it is put in the text. Of course, you should go much fuither back in history if you cared to trace the origin of the marks of infamy, but you would find that physical mu tilation of some sort in a majority of instances afforded the means. But I was just telling you about the origin of our penitentiary stripes and did not mean to open the whole question which lies behind the modern prac tice."—New Orleans Times-Demo crat. Came From England to Register. The fame of the Woman’s Domes tic Guild of America has gone abroad to the extent of inducing maids from afar to journey here to register. The very latest arrival on the carpet is a woman from London, England, who read in London of the splendid work of the Guild, and on the strength of that sailed at once for America. Evidently the newspaper article was somewhat highly colored in the matter of wages paid by American housekeepers, for the woman was somewhat disappointed at hearing that there were very few positions in the menage of ;he American house hold which brought $lO a week, as she had been led to expect. However, she came armed with the best of references and means to try her luck on American soil. Other maids from the Far West and the Sunny South as well have hied themselves to New York to get positions, and, according to the state ment of the manager, there never was a time when so many servants were being placed or when so many were registered. Each day from 9 o’clock in the morning until 4 o’clock In the after noon free demonstrations In bed making and waiting are being con ducted in the Guild house in Madison avenue, and are being well patroniz ed by the servants registered there. There may be persons who think that there is no such thing as scien tific bed making, but after an observ ation of the methods employed by the experienced instructor at the Guild house those mistaken individu als will change their minds. All the nice points which a neat and competent waitress should know are explained, and the result will be something for which housekeepers will be deeply grateful to the Guild. Education. “J’know John Dorrington?’’ asked Judge Bradshaw. “You ought to know him. He is a newspaper proprietor hisself. He is owner and publisher and managing editor of the Arizona Weekly Sidewinder. Whenever he writes an editorial they take it to the cold storage room of the ice plant to keep the office from catching on fire. His words is like a branding iron. He is long-lolned, long-gaited and he has a long, honest face, like a horse. “I visited him about a month ago. ‘Judge,’ says he, ’has you seeu my ■ new dog? Come along and take a look at him.’ “He takes me out to the barn, which is built on stilts, and com mences to claw on a log chain. Pretty soon evolves a yellow cur, with his hind feet stuck back like a fighting mule. John holds him up by the chain for about a minute and kicks him frequent in the side. He was about the mangiest Indian cur f ever see. Finally John lets him go and the dog runs under the barn to the length of his chain. ’Stay there, you brute,' shouts John under the barn. *• 'What d’ye think of my dog?’ he asks me. “ ’Finest dog I ever saw,' says I. ‘“Now, you won’t believe me. Judge,' says he, ’when l first got that dog he didn’t know a thing.’ ” —San Francisco Call. Famoua for Catchy Titles. The Pall Mall Gazette used to be famous for the catchy titles of its leaders. J. Nicol Dunn, editor of the Morning Post, who used to be con nected with the Pail Mall Gazette, has recently let the secret out as to how these titles were found. Every morning there was an assembling of the staff, and each member would write on a slip of paper bis sugges tion for the day’s leader. The slips were collected in the office top hat, and after a discussion the most strik ing was selected. One day, as Mr. Dunn tells, the selected slip contain ed the words: “Can’t think of a title to-day," which ingenious title duly appeared at the head of the lead? I article. Of course, nobody need be surprised I to find that the modern highwayman i has taken to the motor bicycle as a j means of holding up the passengers { in an automobile. The incident offers fresh and exciting materia! for the ! messenger boys* favorite authors. General Kuroptakln. the Russian ‘ c -mmander. la a devout member of j Greek church-