Lung Diseases Lead Army Ills
Estimated That There Are 40,000 Case* Which Will Require Supervision
Out of 7,710 cases of discharged disabled men from army, navy and
marine corps whose cases have bean passed upon by the war risk insurance
bureau, and who therefore are eligible for free vocational retraining by
the federal board for vocational education, 2,791, or 36.2 per cent, have
tuberculosis or lung complaints.
The federal board stated it is informed that first and last there will
be between thirty thousand and forty thousand tuberculosis cases. Not
all of them will require vocational retraining, but the number expected
is large.
These cases will be handled on a separate basis from the rest of the
injured and disabled men, and will require constant supervision and med-
ical attention to insure the arresting of the disease and complete restora-
tion to health.
This is the primary consideration, and training will be only such dur-
ing this period as to furnish enough occupation to keep the patient busy,
contented and hopeful.
Canada has been very successful in dealing with her tuberculous army
men, and the Canadian system will, in many particulars, be followed by
the federal board with men of the United States forces.
The old idea that a man recovered from tuberculosis should do noth-
ing but out-of-doors work is exploded, and, according to the federal board,
there is a great variety of indoor occupations he can follow with perfect
safety, provided his living and working conditions are proper.
According to official advices the total of "major amputation cases"
in the United States forces to date is 3,034, of which 2,308 are arm and
leg cases, and of these approximately 600 are arm amputations and 1,708
are leg amputations. The remaining 726 are hands, feet and two or more
fingers.
Not all of these men require special training to enable them to make
a living, the federal board for vocational education points out in fact,
the percentage is smaller than one would imagine. A lawyer, doctor,
draftsman, bookkeeper, dentist, stenographer, office man or salesman is
not necessarily affected unfavorably in making a living by reason of having
lost a leg but the loss of an arm may be a very serious matter.
Those who in the main require re-education on account of leg or arm
amputations are farmers, artisans whose trade required great activity,
such as carpenters, teamsters, structural iron workers and the like.
There are no hard and fast rules, and cannot be, for each case must
be jV^ed on its own merits, as for instance that of a professional vio-
linist, who, having lost a finger joint of his left hand, found his occupa-
tion utterly gone and had to learn to do something else for a living.
The Monroe
Doctrine
At Announced in Message to Con
gress in 1823
The Monroe doctrine, as announced
by President Monroe in his message to
congress In 1823, was a simple state
ment of the attitude of this country
toward the South American republics.
Henry Clay had made an effort to
liave the independence of these repub
lics recognized, and in 1822 their Inde
pendence was acknowledged by con
gress. President Monroe had recalled
John Qulucy Adams from the court of
St. James to become his secretary of
state, and many historians credit
Adams with the authorship of the mes
sage, In which the doctrine was stated
as follows:
"As a principle, the American con
tinents, by the free and independent
position which they have assumed
and maintained, are henceforth not to
be considered as subjects for future
colonization by any European power."
Eucalyptus Fastest Growing
of Any of Hard Wood Trees
Hard, fine grained, durable wood
usually grows slowly. A most remark
able exception Is the eucalyptus, and
this gives the tree its great value in
reforestation. It is said that the euca
lyptus grows five times as rapidly as
any other tree. Seedlings have been
observed to make an average growth
of six Inches a day, and one tree at
tained a height of 125 feet and a di
ameter of 36 inches in nine yc*rs.
The eucalyptus will not thrive where
there are frosts, but in the South it
promises to go a long way toward
filling the place once occupied by other
hardwoods which have been greatly
reduced by demands for furniture and
cooperage stock.
HERE AND THERE
Some persons* Idea of fooling
away their time is to attempt to
write poetry.
Make the best of your sur
roundings. The duck pond is an
ocean to the tadpole.
A credulous woman Is one
who believes a dentist when he
promises not to hurt her.
It matters little if you are Ig
norant, for yon will meet people
daily who know it all.
Honeybee as Fertilizing
Agent During Fruit Bloom
The value of the honeybee as a fer
tilising agent during fruit bloom, and
the dependence of apple growers es
pecially upon the activities of "the
busy bee,** are facts which are not
well enough known. The work of
the experiment stations in all parts
of the country is proving beyond doubt
that fruit culture and bee culture are
mutually interdependent upon each
Cher for the best result*.
Simplest Remedies Found
To Be Best Disinfectants
During Severe Epidemics
Years ago Marseilles was visited by
a great plague. Rich and poor died
In their hundreds, and to rob the for
mer four men Invented aromatic vine
gar, which, used as a disinfectant, en
abled them to rifle the dead without
fear of Infection. During the great
plague of 1665 those who were deputed
to bury the dead always carried a
phial of aromatic vinegar, and his
tory tells us that whenever Cardinal
Wolsey had cause to go among the
poorer members of his flock he inva
riably held to his nose a golden orange
fljlcd with the same preventative.
Canary wine, too, was used In 10655
as a disinfectant. Doctors carried lit
tle cassolettes on the top of their
canes, which they sniffed when visit
ing the stricken, and in the affected
houses the smoke of juniper was used.
Motor Fuel Adds Ten Miles
an Hour to Airplane Speed
Development too late for use In the
war of a motor fuel which adds ten
miles an hour to the speed of airplanes
and has possibilities for use in auto
mobile racing was announced by the
bureau of mines. The liquid, a combi
nation of benzol and cyclohexane,
so while of military value. It is not re
garded as practical for commercial
purposes at present. Another combi
nation developed by the bureau, con
sisting of benzol and gasoline, has
been found to be more powerful than
gasoline alone and is expected to prove
of value in Industry. The comparative
scarcity of benzol, however, makes Its
production to supplant gasoline on a
large scale Improbable In the imme
diate future.
Preventive Measures Save
Loss of Money and Health
Loss of time, money and health
often can prevented by the use of
some simple, Inexpensive preventive
measure, says Thrift magaztne. At
all times, especially during these days
of Influenza, you should never allow
yourself to remain in a rundown phys
ical condition. If attacked by dis
ease while your resistance Is low you
may pay for it with a long Illness
or possibly wfth life Itself. Most peo
ple think a doctor's only use Is to be
sent for In case of emergency, like a
fireman, and be brought running with
his pillbox In hand just in the nick
of time.
Finger-Print Love Note Is
Latestand Means Business
A Wisconsin finger-print expert, who
has aided the police many times on
difficult cases, is out with a letter, ex
plaining how girls can make sure that
their young men mean business. "If
I were a girl," explains the expert,
"and a fellow wrote to me without
sjgning his finger-print to the letter,
I'd have nothing to do with him. It's
only a trifler who would sign his name.
That don't prove anything at all. But
if a man declares his love over a fin
ger-print, you can bank on It he means
business."
1HH
Amusement Tax in Vogue
More Than 150 Years Ago
Declares London Writer
The entertainment tax of the pres
ent day was anticipated over 150 years
ago by the inventive genius who pro
posed that all places of public diver
sion, including playhouses, operas,
masquerades, Ranelagli, Vauxhall. Sad
ler's Wells and Astley'sthe fa
mous resorts of the fair and fashion
able of his dayshould be taxed, says
a writer in London Tit-Bits. An
other proposal was that the very
statues in the gardenand the lakes
and the groves, the grottoes and the
temples of those days, were thick set
with statues of heathen gods and
goddessesshould have a price put
on their heads. Time was when taxes
were put on the watches attached to
the seals that dangled from the fobs
of the beaux or hung on the girdles
that encircled the waists of the belles.
Those who owned clocks were also re
garded as fit subjects for special taxa
tion.
The "guinea-pig" taxthe tax a
householder had to pay for every per
son in his household who wore a pig
tail and covered his hair with powder
had its day and passed away. So,
too, had a tax on soapthe Impost
that gave Lord North Ills nickname of
"Old Soapsuds"and a tax on salt.
Gloves and mittens were once taxed,
and so also were scores of other arti
cles and the shops in which they were
sold.
Home Output of Peanut Oil
Is Now Only Second to That
Of Linseed and Cottonseed
The war has brought the peanut
into its own. Before 1914 peanut oil
was almost unknown as an article of
domestic manufacture and thousands
of gallons were imported every year
from countries that grew no peanuts,
although the South was producing mil
lions of pounds and capable of In
creasing that production almost in
definitely. But in 1917 the output of
peanut oil had so Increased that it
ranked third among all the vegetable
oils made from home-grown products,
being exceeded only by cottonseed oil
and linseed oil. Peanut oil. It is point
ed out by experts in aliment, serves
practically the same food purposes
as does cottonseed oil, and has the
advantage that it can be obtained
by cold pressing like olive oil, and
becomes thereby superior table oil.
It has the advantage over cottonseed
oil also in that the cake, after the
oil is pressed out, forms a palatable
human food very high in protein.
A survey by the federal bureau of
markets shows the great gain In the
production and use of peanuts, not
only for oil but for peanut butter,
and as a substitute for more costly
nuts or as a component part in con*
fectionery.
New York's Tunnel Strangest
City Street in United States
The strangest city street In the
United States is New York's Tunnel
street, which was cut through the hill
at One Hundred nnd Ninety-first
street nnd Broadway in Washington
Heights more than four years ago.
The tunnel, which Is now a street,
cost $75,000. Persons living at the
western end use it to reach the sub
way station at One Hundred nnd
Ninety-first street and St. Nicholas
nvenue and elevators at One Hundred
and Ninety-first street are at the dis
posal of those who wish to reach St.
Nicholas avenue, many feet above the
level of Tunnel street
Ways of the Sex.
Mr. BinghamWhy did that woman
keep you standing at the door for
half an hour?
His Talkative WifeShe said she
hadn't time to come in.
THE TOMAHAWK. WHITE EARTH. MINN.
Here, Here.
"This Is a very
worthy cause."
"Hear, hear."
"Where Is the
man who will con
tribute $1,000 as a
starter?"
"The hear, hear"
was not repeated.
Visits.
"Angels' visits are few and far be
tween."
"It's different with my wife's rela
tives. Ain't no angels on that list,
however."
Not Meant That Way.
*T see this show advertises a chorus
of forty."
"Better get some younger girls."
Glad of That.
"Lobsters are
getting scarcer."
"So I learn from
fishery a 11 s-
tlcs."
Tt Is esti
mated, however,
that there win be
enough for the
present generation
of chorus girls."
Preliminary Work.
The bookkeeper complains of pains
in his stomach."
"He doesn't look sick."
"He doesn't claim to be sick today.
I think he Is laying a foundation to
ward being side next week..
Should 'Think Twice Before
You Speak or Act"Old Maxim
Jbbfl**
If there is one thing more than an
other which a disciplinarian should
possess it Is self-control. Lack of It
in a teacher or parent is contagious,
and it tends to incite disorder. Con
versely, one who has his feelings and
actions under good control Is emulated
by those with whom he comes in con
tact. One who "flies off the handle"
easily (a phrase often used by the
young In describing their parents or
teachers) cannot train children effec
tively. Such a person will cause more
disorder than he can correct. He
should either overcome his falling or
leave the training of the young to oth
ers he should at least endeavor to ob
serve the old maxim, "Think twice be
fore you speak or act.**
WORDS OF WISE MEN
Even doubtful accusations
leave a stain behind them.
Woe be to him whose advo
cate becomes his accuser.
Accusing Is proving when mal
ice and force sit as judges.
Of brotheTS-ln-law and red
dogs few are good.German
Proverb.
Advice after mischief Is like
medicine after death.Danish
Proverb.
Affairs are lost when one
stands looking at another.M.
Greek.
Importance of Knowledge.
Gathering Ladybugs to Be Sent to France
American Insects to Do Their "Bit" to Help Farmers Combat Plague
Millions upon millions of lndybirds, or, as they are commonly known,
ladybugs, are being gathered in their winter quarters liij in the Sierra moun-
tains near Sacramento, Cal., by agents of the department of agriculture for
shipment to France. The ladybug kills or eats the aphis or plant lice which
Collecting the Bugs at a Nest. They Are So Numerous a Scoop Is Used for
the Purpose.
threaten to destroy the sorely needed crops of the French farmers. The lady-
bugs are collected in the mountains, packed in sacks and carried on horse-
back to Sacramento, where they are packed in crates for shipment. The bugs
are also distributed free to the farmers in this country.
HINTS FOR THE
POULTRY GROWER
The unsightly scaly legs and feet
of many farm hens are another point
of attack for the poultryman who is
looking for higher egg production from
his flock. The scales are caused by
very small mites which dig under the
skin on the hen's shanks and toes and
push up the skin by the deposit of
scurf which they leave underneath.
The scale* finally become loose, fall
off, and are succeeded by more scales.
The disease makes the fowl's legs un
comfortable and even sore, thus keep
ing the hen from scratching and get
ting the exercise necessary to good
hearth. Whea the hen's health suffers,
egg production is lowered. Hens af
fected by the disease rarely lay many
eggs and they spend much time stand
ing idle, with their sore legs kept
carefully still. They are likely to
lose weight and may even die.
Dipping the legs of the fowl in a
mixture of equal parts of kerosene
and linseed oil is the simplest nnd
most effective method of curing the
disease, says J. G. Halpin of the poul
try department. Wisconsin College of
Agriculture. The application should
be repeated two or three times in
very severe cases. Early treatment
of the disease will keep it from spread
ing through the flock.
If you want to succeed you must
prepare for the real rewards of work.
You must be broadly read, well edu
cated. Tou must above all have a
broad experience. Tou must never feel
forced to go to other people for ad
vice or Information concerning the
thing that yon should have at your
finder ends. You must have sufficient
knowledge to stand upon your own
feet.
Sensation of Taste Must
Be Aided by the Nose to
Identify What One Eats
The sensation of taste, while of
common and constant experience, Is
highly complicated in its nature. What
is commonly called taste is not a
simple sensation at all, but rather a
complex. In addition to the actual
functioning of the apparatus properly
pertaining to the sense of taste, the
tongue receives Impressions of vari
ous other sorts, all of which go to
make up this complex. As finally re
corded in the consciousness, the taste
of any substance has to do with its
heat or coolness, perhaps with a mild
nmount of pain, certainly with as
tringency or acriditywhich are in
themselves further complexes of ther
mic and tactile sensationsand above
all with smell. The reader will prob
ably agree that ice cream and coffee
are entirely different from their true
selves when served at inappropriate
temperatures and it is a matter of
record that a person of the keenest
taste may make the most ludicrous
errors if asked, blindfolded and with
his nose stopped, to identitfy sub
stances placed In his mouth.
Mothers' Cook Book
The aim of education should be to
tench us rather how to think than
what to thinkBeattie.
Spring Dishes.
With the succulent, rosy nnd whole
some rhubarb plentiful In the markets,
a most dainty dessert or dish of sauce
may be easily served. Do not peel the
young and tender stalks, as the color
lies in the skin, making a much more
attractive dish. Wash well, then cut
up, stewing with very Uttle water un
til tender then add the sugar and
simmer until It is dissolved before set
ting aside to cool.
Rhubarb Pudding.
Spread slices of good bread, not too
fresh, with butter and sprinkle gener
ously with finely cut fresh rhubarb
sprinkle with sugar and repeat another
layer of the fruit and buttered bread
add a little water and bake In a mod
erate oven until the rhubarb Is well
done. Serve from the dish in which
it Is baked.
Baked Rhubarb.
Wash but do not peel one and one
half pounds of rhubarb. Then cut into
half-inch pieces. Place In a casserole
with half a cup of boiling water, one
and one-quarter eupfuls of sugar, a
quarter of a pound of stoned prunes or
the same amount of raisins which have
been cut up. Bake until the rhubarb
is soft. Serve in sherbet glasses gar
nished with crushed strawberries.
Salad Dressing.
A delicious salad dressing which
may be served on head lettuce Is this:
Take three tablespoonfuls of evapo
rated milk, three quarters of a table
spoonful of salt, one-quarter of a tea
spoonful of paprika, the same of mus
tard beat into this two-thirds of a
cupful of salad oil, with two table
spoonfuls of lemon juke or vinegar.
Whip with an egg beater until well
blended. Then add two tablespoonfuls
of minced chives, one-third of a cupful
of chill sauce, one teaspoonful each
of minced onion and parsley and one
hard-cooked egg, finely chopped.
Railroad Men Outrank the
Men of the Sea for Their
Various Odd Superstitions
The superstitions of railway men
are so numerous that even the sailor,
who is generally credited with being
the most superstitious man tn the
world, must needs take second place,
London Tit-Bits states.
In Russia, when, a woman Is the
first to enter a train, bad luck is sure
to come unless the next two persons
to enter the same compartment are
men.
Friday, the 13th day of the month,
black cats, cross-eyes, mirror breaking,
lightning, coach numbers and their
variations, and the weather are a few
of the fantastic superstitions of rail
way workers.
Many drivers will not commence a
journey without a flower in the but
tonhole, usually a white one, or a white
ribbon. Others wear a peculiar button,
the insignia of their fraternal orders,
and even apiece of red-string, often al
most Invisible.
A left-handed fireman or driver is
looked askance at by some railway men
and as a lucky companion to others.
In some cases transfers to other runs
have been asked because such an indi
vidual is given a berth, while others
request to be given a place by a left
handed or ambidextrous person.
As for travelers, burning coffee after
breakfast is better than an accident
policy, while winding one's watch on
the train means a safe journey. Put
ting a wisp of straw In one's trunk or
bag protects it from injury and in
sures safety.
If dust blows in one's eyes while in
the train it means good health for a
year if it blows while going to the
train it is a sign of accident.
A general superstition among rail
way men is that when one leaves his
home to go to work he must not re
turn and go indoors for something he
has forgotten. Should he have to do
so, the bad luck to follow will be nul
lified If he sits for even a second in
a chair and lifts his feet from the
floor. Wisconsin Village of 350
Persons Issues Bonds and
Builds Its Own Railroad
If you haven't a railroad to youi
farmhouse door, build one I
That's what the farmers of one
locality have done. No longer is Et
trlck, a town of 350 inhabitants, in
isolation ten miles from the nearest
railroad and without adequate outlet
to the trade markets.
For Yankee pluck has again tri
umphed over all obstacles and citi
zens of that township In Trempealeau
county proudly survey the ten-mile
railroad they recently finished build
ing.
Ettrick wanted a railroad and the
companies declined to build one. So,
in spite of war conditions, the citizens
financed the $300,000 project by a $175,-
000 bond issue and the sale of stock
In the ten-mile branch line.
Then they built it. Labor was not
available, so the banker and butcher.
dector and merchant, old, middle
aged, and young men, worked Sun
days, week days and holidays, morn
ing, noon and night, and finally them
selves completed the little railroad.
Since January, when It was finished
and connected with the Green Bay
& Western at Blair, 34 oars of grain,
many cars of stock and other products
have gone by rail from Ettrick. The
Green Bay & Western supplies the
equipment.
I*XOX*XC^
THE STRONG
Dost deem him weak that owns bis
strength is tried?
Nay, we may safely lean on him that
grieves
The pine has Imtnemorially sighed.
The enduring poplar's are the trembling
leave*.
To feel, and bow the head, is not to fear
To cheat with jestthat is the coward's
art
Beware the laugh that battles back the
tear
He's false to all that's traitor to his
heart.
1st of great deeds doth grope amid the
throng
Like him whose steps toward Bsgon's
temple bore
There's ever something sad about the
strong
A look, a moan, like that on ocean's
shore.
John Vance Cheney.
When Number Is Divisible
by Four It Is Leap Year
Leap year Is a year which leaps
over, as It were, one day more than an
ordinary year a year which contains
366 days, as distinguished from an or
dinary year, which Includes only 365.
days. Every year the number of which
is divisible by four la a leap year, ex
cept when it happens to be any num
ber of hundreds not divisible by four.
Thus 1884 was a leap year, but not
1900, this omission of leap years ha
such centuries being necessary to cor
rect the error which arises from the
excess of the addition of one day in
four years (I. e six hours) to the
year over the true length of the year.
I. e., 363 days 5 hours 49 minutes.
Simple Disinfectant
A combination of coffee and cam
phor burned on a saucer makes an
excellent disinfectant for a stak room.
The odor of the coffee will counter
act any bad odor la the room, and
the fnmes of the camphor win kill
ordinary disease perms that may ha
floating in the alt.