Willmar tribune. [volume], April 04, 1906, Image 7

About Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931

Image provided by: Minnesota Historical Society; Saint Paul, MN

                
4
SURRENDERED
HIS CLAIM
By ANNIE B. HOUSEMAN
(Copyright, l'JOb by Joseph Bowles
It was a rough road in the Blue
Ridge range, away up in that part of
North Carolina where there is little
more of civilization, than is found in
any typical mountain country, but the
fact was scarcely noticed by the man
whose iog-trotting little Jenney mean
dered stolidly along
They were a peculiarly well-mated
pair—this man and .beast To a
elofce observer they bore each other
a resemblance Most likely it was a
similaiity their dispositions, though
I hasten to ab&olve Hall Jenkins from
the little creature's inherited charac
teristic, for while he was humble and
patient and stolid and stupid, he was
possessed of no very marked will pow
er, and we all understand fully the
mraning of "stubborn as a mule"
It was growing warm, and Jenney
was getting tiled, as they had come
ten miles from Lowell, and it was
now long noon, and, though she
iJfstreamboaspasthety
jcould tha her speed had been
good on this rocky road, Jenney was
jithinking of a well-remembered little
that should be nearing,
Land if her steps were slower, they
7 were quite decided, while her ears flew
forward and backward more rapidly
The rider did not peiceive this Ho
was thinking of the rude little hut
that was Ins home, and the pretty wife
who awaited lnm, and the child.
How pleased she would be with the
candy—real red striped sticks—and
the bright little dress he had bought
for hei' He lemembered so vividly
the day he mei Li/5a and the child at
the Lowell fair
The little one was trotting along
and prattling so cunningly that he
gave her some candy, after which
she became so triendly that she m
fcistPtl upon him being her escort to
see the pigs and horses Ot course
he was delighted at the opportunity
of meeting Liza and her parents, and
soon thcj were all good friends.
After this Jenney often made the
trip to Lowell, which fact explains her
thorough knowledge ot the road, and
one day, Hall never knew how it hap
pened, Liza promised to be his wife,
and he went in search of the old man
to ask his consent, for this kind of
thing is conducted about the same way
the world over
The old man had coughed and, eas
ing himself around in the chair, spat
quite far off the little portico then
crossed and recrossed his legs Several
times, and drawled out
"Waa-1, ya-ass, I reckon so—but ye
know Liza do be fond o' the chile. I
guess ye be 'lowin' to take 'em both?"
Hall smiled now to remember that
he grew almost angry at this, and re
plied that he would not dream of sep
arating them, e\en if Liza should be
willing
"Waa 1 je see I 'low as how ye'd
better know that we uns don't know
who the chile's lather be—an'—fur as
our love tur Liza goes, don't give a
duin, we loves 'em both, an' is glad
on 'em, but ef you an' her is sot on
each other an' you've a mm' to take
'em an' treat 'em white—all right. But
long as I live 1 'lows to see 'em well
treated."
Hall expiessed the proper gratitude
anu went back to Liza. Soon he took
her to his little home and provided
her with all the rude comforts pos-»
sible, and right happy she seemed to
be, and the child was a constant joy
True, she was not his own, but she
was Liza's, and so was his, and in
his weekly visits to town he never
forgot to bung a gift with which to
win Irom her a delighted cry and a
hearty hug
Jenney was very near her goal now,
and at the sight of its shining sur
face jogged up a few steps and waded
in with evident delight She went
In up to her knees, and stretched her
short neck out to drink as she went
a little deeper, while Hall pulled his
feet up on her back.
Truly, this was a cool, pleasant
place, and between drinks Jenney eyed
admiringly a shady spot beside the
road under some large trees Verily,
this was a good place to rest, but Hall
would not care to stay here long he
knew of a much more promising rest
ing-place furthei on, where there
would be loving hands to welcome,
and a nice dinner to refresh the m
nei man Poor Jenney! her reasoning
could not reach so far she had found
a nice, cool place, that just suited her,
and when Hall finally urged her to
mova on, she stepped a little further
in and planted her fore feet decidedly
A look of stony despair spread over
Hall's face He knew Jenney. More
than once he had seen Jenney plant
herself just so, with the result that
Hall walked on home, after uselessly
pulling, whipping and cursing, then
leaving her to return home at her
leisure But never before had the
circumstances been just these.
Hall groaned and cursed a little, and
tried persuasion and a few blows,
which lacked emphasis, because he
knew them to be useless, and then,
bem^ very patient, he decided to just
sit there awhile possibly Jenney
would relent ere long
They were in a truly ridiculous po
sition, at least it seemed so to a
man whose large, well-fed, well
groomed horse emerged from the in
definite somewhere behind, and he
seemed to take the situation easily.
Hall, who had decided to get down
and walk, turned slightly in the
saddle, and looked at the stranger
with a comically helpless expression.
They regarded each other a few mo
ments, then grasping anew the ab
surdity of the thing, both men burst
into a hearty guffaw that made the
woods r.ng and Jenney turn her head
to see the newcomer.
The stranger was a tall, lank, but
well-made man, of about 34. He was
comfortably dressed, and wore high
boots and a slouch hat. His face was
noticeable for large, dark eyes and a
heavy br6wn mustache. Around his
waist were deposited a brace of re
volvers and a knife.
"Wall, fr'en'," he called, "guess yer
need hfc'p. Been thar long?"
"Naw," answered Hall, "not very
but I doan guess nobody kin he'p me
much. I'll ha'f ter wade an' walk It."
The stranger rode into the stream,
', t^. *A *&$
almost touching Jenney at a«
halted, and they began discussTng
ways and means They had about
decided to transfer Hall to the other
side on the horse, and then attaching
Jenney's bridle to the horse's girth
try pulling, when lo! there was a
gentle whinny from Jenney as she
moved up to the stranger's saddle-bags
and began sniffing.
"Nothin' better," drawled th€
stranger, as he knowingly looked at
Hall and moved on across the stream.
Jenney followed the scent of corn
and oats, and by the judicious use of
a few handfuls was coerced on her
way as stolidly and jog-trottingly as
ever.
When they were fairly started HaU
thanked the stranger, who said,
hastily
"Not 't all," and they went on a
few paces in silence then the stranger
said indifferently: "Been to Lowell?"
"Yaas."
"Any news9"
"Naaw, nothin' particular, 'ceptin*
Ben Reubm's gang's been out ag'in,
and no hope o' catchin* o' 'em."
"What they been at this time?"
"Got one o' their pards out o' Low
ell jail, I believe, an' he'ped 'emselfs
to horses
"Gittin' kinder bad, air they?"
"So they say," answered HalL light
ly, "but they doan bother me seems
how I doan believe nobody'd have
Jenney."
"Naw," said the stranger, decided
ly, with a peculiar inflection, "I doan
think ye need to be a-scar'd Jenney'd
be a right dangerous animule fur the
gang."
Again they rode in silence Hall
was not much of a talker, but soon
the stranger spoke with true moun
tain distinctness
'An' what may be yer name, fr'en?
an how fur be ye goin' this road?"
If this question was unpleasantly
personal and pointed, the honest Hall
did not feel it, but answered, readily:
"I keep the straight road after you
leach the Pikeville fork, and go on
about four mile My name's Hall
Jenkins, and I call my place Happy
Hollow but Liza, my wife, 'lows
Sleepy Hollow 'd suit it best," and
Hall's pale blue eyes smiled into the
mustached man's brownvones, that'
were filled now with a strangely hos
tile gleam
"So! ye be married-—who'd ye
marry'"
Hall's smile widened perceptibly.
"Miss Liza Hutch, up at Lowell—we
been married now three months."
"Humph!" snorted the stranger,
whose white teeth now pressed deep
into his lips. There was a dangerous
gleam in his eyes now, and his hand
played nervously about his belt as he
glanced furtively at Hall. Certainly
there was nothing offensive in the
kind-looking little man upon his
dumpy trotter. In fact, a more humble
and friendly looking pair could hardly
be found, and soon the ugly look faded
from the stranger's face, and into it
there crept a pained, weary expres
sion
"Then I guess yer've got the little
'un, too eh?" he asked, calmly.
"Oh, yes," said Hall, "an* a jolly
purty little joy she is, too."
The stranger said nothing at this,
and once more silence reigned. Hall
was thinking and wondering in a
vague, undefined way, in. which the*re
was a little curiosity as'to how this
stranger came to know of the little
one, but he never thought to ask.
The stranger was thinking, too, and
evidently his thoughts were not
happy ones, for in the depths of his
brown eyes one could have read a long
story of sadness.
Neither spoke until they neared the
Pikeville fork, then the stranger's
mind seemed decided on some ques
tion, and suddenly straightening up,
he readjusted his belt, tightened his
reins and drawled out as though there
had never been an emotion in his life,
and certainly was not now:
"Waal, fr'en', I am glad yer an*
Liza's happy, and that you're good to
her an' the little 'un. I guess .I'd bet
ter tell yer that Liza belongs to me by
right of first possession, an' the little
'un is mine because I'm her father,
but seem's my name's Ben Reubins
this climate ain't healthy fur me, nor
no place ter live steady, so I doan
min' the little 'un bein' called Jenkins.
I come this time to letch 'em both,
but found in Lowell that Liza wTuz
married. Waal," and there was a trem
ble in his drawl, "I doan blame her.
I guess they both be better orf in yer
hands than mine, and they're your'n
now, so I give up, but I guess I'd bet
ter tell yer, an' I doan want yer to
furgit, ef I ever h'ar o* yer a mis
treatin' either one o' them, I won't
leave a solid place on yer big enough
to lay a dollar on."
Hall was looking at him now in a
dazed sort of fashion, through which
the light of understanding was faintly
dawning.
"You need not tell Liza 'bout seein'
me, but teach the little one not to
hate Ben Reubins."
The stranger touched his hat with
the butt of his riding whip, struck "hi*
horse a smart blow with its end, and
disappeared down the Pikeville fork
WATERFALLS IN THE OCEAN.
Cataracts of Salt Water That Actu
ally Flow in Hmo Di
rection*.
There are a good many salt cata
racts in existence. They may be
found «in Norway, {southern Chili and
British Columbia, where narrow
fjords, or arms of the sea, are ob
structed by barriers of rock.
The rising tide flows over and filters
through such reefs into the great
natural reservoirs beyond but the
water is held back at the ebb until
it breaks over the obstruction in an
irresistible torrent
Most curious of all is the waterfall
at Canoe passage, where the island of
Vancouver approaches the British
mainland. Here the flood tide from
the gulf of Georgia, to'the southward,
is dammed back at a narrow cleft be
tween two islands until it pour* over
in a boiling cascade 18 feet high, with
perhaps double the volume of the
Rhine.
At the turn of the tide, however,
the waters from the north rush back
into the gulf, producing a cascade of
equal hight and volume. This salt
waterfall actually Hows both ways*
EASY LESSONS
DRAWING
TAR AWAY WOODS
©OY
By FREDERICK RICHARDSON
Supposing that the child has made »f
the picture form of the man a fairly
flexible symbol that can represent easy
and undistorted actions, it is now ready
to use the human figure with forms of
other objects which serve for its natural
setting. Recalling the tree, house and
aill forms, the man is to take his place
in them as the center of interest or as
a part of the story picture. That the
symbol has proved an amusing jump
ing-jack with some as well as an ex
pressive automaton with others goes
without saying. The Egyptians told of
the magnificence of kings in much the
same simplicity of drawing that now
serves the cartoonist for the expression
of the absurd in his art.
It is the serious possibilities of the
«.-
nous
Instructor in Composition and in Chart* of Dhistntfton Classes in tbt Art
Institute,-Chicago.)
block man that are now to occupy us. quire space for their performance might
Two subjects are given, in which the throw one figure to one side, and the
figure is ndded to familiar material, In other figure to the other side then the
'VOMAXJ W O A O W A I N
presenting the picture forms to the child
with the combination, draw the symbol
of the man as first presented, that is,
without action, then draw the symbol
with the action, pointing out the change
In the direction of lines or blocks as al
tered by the action. A supplementary
stick figure of this action may give the
angles more clearly. The child should
always understand any figure in action
as a variation of the plain figure and
not as anew symbol. This nurtures the
Idea of the flexibility of the symbol and
cultivates its free use.
The Illustrations.
The picture oCthe girl carrying the
milk pails through the orchard gives the
figure with but a slight change from
the plain figure. The armsare extended
to permit the carrying of the pails and
one foot is advanced tosuggest walking.
The woman with the little boy walk
ing by the river has the same modifica
tions one arm is extended to hold the
boy's hand this bends the child's arm
so as to meet her hand the other hand
can hold a stick or basket. There is
the same advancement of the foot in
each figurexto suggest walking.
is left to the parent or teacher to
find names and stories for these pic
tures, as "Polly, the Milkmaid," "The
Walk by the River," etc., and the deslr-
PICTURE FORMS AND COMBINATION&
abillfcy of this will be spoken of later, worlp and not by rule, or it has not
IN
tOopyitsat,»rJoMpha.Bovlat)
The teacher should look to the size
and placement of the figures in relation
to the background. These are deter
mined by the same considerations that
governed the placement of the mug in
group with the apples. When the figure
is to be the main interest in the picture,
the scene in which it is set serving only
as a background, thefigureusually takes
a place near the center, its relative size
and force of color governing that near
ness. It might not occupy the exact
center for artistic reasons, but it would
be so placed as to make smaller and less
insistent objects subordinate in inter
est. If there were two figures or more
they would be considered as a group,
and the group treated as one figure.
Certain actions between figures that re-
a fcUUbIS-
HILLSIDE.
PICTURE FORMS AND COMBINATION S—BLOCK FORMS OF HUMAN FIGURE
IN LANDSCAP E SETTINGS.
stage of action would have to be widened
and its importance increased.
When the figures are merely accessory
to the landscape they are to be treated
as any other object, but the human in
terest is always more insistent than in
animate nature, and its artistic im
portance keeps it from being too much
subordinated.
Problem of Proportion.
The intention of the picturemustsug*
gest these degrees of the figure's im
portance.
In the picture of the girl carrying milk
pails through the orchard three degrees
of the relative importance of the figure
are given. It is evident that the figure
could be made so small that it would be
valueless if not meaningless, and it
could so fill the space that the possible
beauty of the landscape setting would
be lost Experiments with a number of
proportions, as before recommended,
would cultivate the judgment better
than keeping in mind suggested rules.
The child must unconsciously recognize
good proportions by constant example.
It must not with the figures any more
than with the forms be told of qualities
that its limited comprehension would
find but a restraint in work. The teach
er who has followed the child thus far
must have found that it has learned by
learned at all. The teacher may be abli
to work under the control of precepts in
art, but that is the result of his mental
training. He has lost the perception
the imitatlveness of the child, and hat
to supply the loss by theory. It is neo
essary to advise the teacher for his own
workwhatshould neverbe told the child,
but which must be conveyed to it indi
rectly through the teacher's examples.
The relation in size of one object to
another is to be noted, not that rules for
its regulation can be given here but that
the absence of it in his own efforts may
be referred to the right cause by tho
teacher.
A wide discrepancy of proportions
will be found in the child's first efforts
with figures in landscapes. Object?
will seem far apart and the whole pic*
ture will look out of joint. The teachei
will constantly have to refer to the pro*
portions given, not that other propor.
tions might not be equally good, but thai
these examples have been composed
with ideas of breadth and simplicity
which might appeal directly to any such
appreciation of proportions.
Tracing from Art Prints.
In these days of the dissemination of
art by the newspapers halftones of
good art appear from time to time. For
instance, the Abbey decorations for the
Boston public library, the Sargent frieze
for the same place and pictures of like
character must fall within the notice
of all. It is suggested to the teacher
that he could study such proportions by
tracing the! figures those pictures in
the style of the block figures he is em
ploying. This could be done on any
transparent or thin paper, always draw
ing the full proportion of the frame of
the picture and reducing the figures and
accessories to the simplicity of the sym
bol forms that comparison may more
easily be made. A realizing sense of
the fullness and bigness of great ex
pression comes from such study. The
teacher whose own expression is from
that point of view has saved the child
much after-study if the child should
carry its art expression as far as
academic development. It lies with any
utterance that the bigger and broader
the expression the greater the work of
art, and the teacher need not regard
these little Noah's ark men and women
and trees and houses with which he
works as impossible of most serious
treatment. The majesty of the Egyp
tian Memnon was upon very severe and
simple lines. It is the depth and seri
ousness of the intention back of it that
makes a toy or a work of such a medium.
MAKING OF HAILSTONES.
An Atom of Dust Is the Nucleus
About Which Moisture
Freezes.
If one would know how a hailstone is
formed he must first dissect it. He will
find that it is composed of a quantity
of tiny crystals arranged in concentric
rings or zones, and each zone in turn will
have its evidence to give conceiningthc
making of the hailstones on its way to
the earth.
An atom of dust is the nucleus of
each hailstone. These atoms of dust
pervade every part of the atmospheie
and are found not only in the lower
strata of the air, but the windB carry
them to the tops of the highest moun
tains. So that, no matter whether sam
ples of air are obtained by balloonists or
mountain climbers, minute particles of
dust are always to be found in them.
It is coming to be believed that without
these atoms of dust upon which the
moisture of the air can settle there would
be no raindrops, no fog* no snow, dew,
clouds or hail. Without these minute
platforms, as they are called, upon which
the moisture condenses as it alights,
rain would be continually pouring down
upon the earth. These motes keep the
atmosphere buoyed up till such times
as circumstances compel them to yield
up the supplies they have collected. If
a little vapor should happen to con
dense on a particle of dust floating aim
lessly about in the air there is the be
ginning of what, under favorable cir
cumstances, will become a full-sized
hailstone.
The hailstone to attain great size
must plunge to the earth from a great
height. The clouds which float at the
greatest distance from the earth are
those known as the cirrus, and are often
many miles above the tops"of the high
est mountains. If the beginning of a
hailstorm can only dive to the earth
from this height it will, in its headlong
flight, pass through strata of air differ
ing very much as regards temperature
and moisture, and these are circum
stances must favorable to its develop
ment. But before it can begin its de
scent it mustfindsome way of being car
ried up to thes^e. heights. So the jour
ney is made by getting into the way of
one of the strong ascensional currents
which spring upward from almost every
part of the earth's surface.
In such a place it is not long be
fore the moisture on the atom of dust
freezes. The form which the frozen
moisture takes depends upon circum
stances, but there are many possibili
ties before it. It may crystallize as a
tiny pellet of snow, or may take the
shape of an ice crystal or simply the
form of a frozen raindrop. Any of these
shapes will serve as an excellent begin
ning for a further change.
It is easily understood that the force
of gravitation has been constantly pull
ing this atom of dust and its congealed
moisture toward the ground. As it
starts on its journey back to the earth
it will pass through strata of air which
differ greatly in moisture and tempera
ture. Some of the air will be above
the freezing point and other layers will
be below it, while it will be no uncom
mon thing for the hailstone to dash
through a cloud some thousands of feet
thick. The hailstone itself, with its
heart of ice, is always below the freez
ing point, so that any moisture which
settled upon it Is promptly frozen and
forms a girdle of ice about the nucleus.
When the hailstone passes through
/the air that is below the freezing point
the moisture settles upon it in the form
of a clear zone of ice, while,on the other
hand, when the air is moistened and its
moisture is above the freezing point the
girdle of ice is opaque.
Evidence at Hand.
"Death often chanties aversion into
love," remarked the man who has a
mania for handing out quotations.
"That's right," rejoined the ordinary'
mortal. "I have an antipathy for hogs,
but I dearly love sausages."—Chicago
Daily News.
OurPattern Department
CORSET-COVER AND PETTICOAT
SKIRT.
Patterns Nos. 5086 and 5090.—The fad
of the moment is undoubtedly foi fine
lingerie, and a great amount of hand
work is used on skirts and corset cov
ers. This illustration shows a dainty
corset cover,* where handkerchiefs are
used for bolero fronts. Two are re
quired, one smaller than the other. Cut
them through the center, from corner
to corner, and arrange the smaller one
over the larger. Squares of linen em
broidered by hand could also be used.
Ribbon-run beading finishes the upper
edge. The petticoat has been designed
especially to wear with the full skirts
worn so much this season. It is well
fitted over the hips, and full at the lower
edge having a deep gathered ruffle, anda
dust ruffle under circular flounce It can
be made as elaborate as one wishes, by
using lace motifs and insertion on the
flounce. Lawn, cambric, linen and
nainsook are all used in the making of
such garments. The medium size re
quires one yard of 36-inch material for
the corset cover and six and one-eighth
yards for the petticoat Ladies' corset
cover, sizes for 32, 34, 36, 3$, 40, 42, 44
and 46-inch bust measure. Ladies' pet
ticoat skirt, sizes for 20, 22, 24, 26, 28,
30, 32, 34 and 36 inches waist measure.
The above illustration calls for two
separate patterns. The price is ten cents
for the corset cover and ten cents for
the petticoat skirt
This pattern will be sent to you on
feceipt of 10 cents. Address all orders
tothe Pattern Department of thispaper.
Be sure to give size and number of pat
tern wanted. For convenience, write
your order on the following coupon:
Nk 5086 and 5090.
SIZE .....*•........
NAME.
ADDRESS.
GIRL'S FROCK.
Pattern No. 5497.—An exceptionally
pretty little school frock, is here pic
tured, having a kilt pleated skirt, and
tucked waist. A fitted lining supports
the waist which blouses slightly all
around. The full bishop sleeve is gath
ered into a straight cuff Albatross in a
light shade of tan was used for the devel
opment, and a black patent leather belt
was worn. The design is suitable for
woolen, silk and washable goods. The
medium size will require five and one
fourth yards of 36-inch material. Sizes
for 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 years.
This pattern will be sent to you on
receipt of 10 cents. Address all orders
tothe Pattern Department of thispaper.
Be sure to give size and number of pat
tern wanted. For convenience, write
your order on the following coupon:
No 5497.
SIZE..... ..
NAME
ADDRESS
Relieved.
"The "professor" had just finished his
X-ray show in a southern town The
old darky janitor sidled up and said:
"Excuse me, boss, but kin I ax you a
question?"
"Certainly, uncle."
"Dis yere contraption of yours—you
can see clean thro' a man?"
"O, yes."
"Kin you see what he has been a
eatin' of?"
"O, yes."
"Well, boss, if a man has been eatin*
chicken, can you see dat chicken?"
"Yes, indeedy."
"Dat suttenly am curious, but say,
boss, can you tell whar dat chicken
come from?"
"O, no."
"Bress de Lawd. Re sure do look
out for the nigger."—Talent
&*B£
.*\Jf@**
SHARPENING FENCE POSTS
How the Task May Be Made Easy by
the Use of a Tripod and
Old Stump.
Though labor and time-saving devices
for all sorts of work are so common,one
often sees a man sharpening fence posts
in the old way by holding the post with
one hand and wielding the ax with the
other. There are several ways in which
the work can be made easy, twoof which
will be given. For the first plan, take
three rails of equal length and fasten
them together the form of a tripod.
..Jlifrft.,***
THE TRIPOD.
Set a block in the giound, or, better ye*,
use the stump of a tree which has been
cut, leaving it about afoot abo\ ground.
Hollow out the middle of the stump to
form a place to rest the post, and place
the tripod in position before it. Place
the post with its lower end on the block
ready to be cut, and let the upper end
lean against the tripod, resting be
tween two of the rails. Both hands can
then be used in chopping and the work
THE REST ON AN OUTBUILDING.
be quickly and easily done. Another
way, suggests the Farmers' Review, is
to have the block or stump near an out
building, where apiece of timber can be
nailed on the corner in proper position
to hold the post while being sharpened.
This takes a little less work in prepara
tion than the first plan, but the work
must always be done in the same place,
while by the other plan the tripod can
be taken anywhere it is wanted. In this
connection the chopping block used in
splitting wood might be mentioned.
Much labor may be saved by providing
a sound solid block, as less blows are
required on a perfectly solid foundation
than when a yielding one is used. Either
select stump of a tree as described for
the first post sharpener, or take a knot
ty length cut from a log, making it
about a foot long and setting it on end
in the ground so that it is only about
four inches above the surface. If a few
fiat stones are placed directly under it,
It will make a still firmer foundation.
This forms a block that is practically
unyielding and the work is much easier
by its use.
SHELTER FOR FARM ANIMAL
ts the Barbwire Fence All the Protec
tion the Stock Has in Cold
Spring Days?
Nothing looks more absurd than to
see a herd of cattle on a stormy day
seeking shelter behind a barbwire
fence. The folly of this method becomes
more apparent when we remember that
such treatment demands a large quan
tity of feed. Animals that receive no
shelter require more feed than those
protected from the severe fieezing
weather of winter.
A good shed or shelter for cattle will
save at least one-half the feed bill and
the cattle will do better. Some stock
feeders are of the opinion that building
sheds for their cattle is a useless ex
pense I do not think so, and I believe
every fair-minded man will agree with
me when I say that a shed will more
than pay for itself in one or two win
ters in the amount of feed it will save
for the average stockman.
In order to keep stock in a thriving
condition we must maintain the ani
mal heat, declares the Orange Judd
Farmer. This is done by feed and as
a matter of fact more feed is necessary
in winter than in summer to maintain
the necessary animal heat. Now the
question arises can this heat be main
tained by feed, and if this be true, a
great saving can be effected by giving
stock the required shelter in climates
that grow more or less severe at dif
ferent times in the year. If it is pos
sible to make this saving by providing
shelter for the cattle it is apparent
that money thus spent will prove a
good investment. It has been a mat
ter of much surprise to me that stock
men have not given more attention to
this subject. It is a matter of busi
ness and a subject of paramount im
portance.
Humus Lacking.
As I travel about through this coun
try, I notice that there has been a
great decrease in the fertility of many
farms. In times past, according to
the reports of the farmers and my own
observations, the crops were much
larger than at present The cause
for this decreased fertility is the con
tinued growing of corn year after year,
and no proper regard to rotation, says
a writer in Farmers' Review. So far
as I can understand, the chief lack
in the soil of the worst run-down farm
Is humus. The farmers are doing
almost nothing to bring these farms
back to their first fertility. Accord
ing to my experience I believe that
live-stock farming, which will give a
large amount of available fertility, will
bring back these farms to their orig
inal condition of productiveness, pro
vided that clover is used in the rota
tion.
The Right Kind of a Farmer!
When a man takes m« around and,
with pride, shows me his calves and
his lambs, I feel sure that that man
is on the road to success. You do not
find success patting the man on the
back who is half-hearted or ashamed
of his farm animals.—Farm Journal.
SCALE- IN AN ORCHARD.
New York State Entomologist Telle
of Treatment and Suggests
a Wash.
The proper treatment of San Jose
scale In a large orchard is somewhat
of a problem, and the results obtained
must, in the nature of the case, depend
mainly on the thoroughnesswith which
the work is performed. We^suggest,
first of all, says State Entomolgist Felt
of New York, in the case of an or
chard, that it be thoroughly trimmed
and an effort made to keep the tiees
as near the ground as possible be
cause of the difficulty, and sometimes
impossibility, of spraying the upper
most branches We have in mind, for
example, one large commercial orch
ard in New York state in which a num
ber of trees had their tops nearly de
stroyed by the scale, th6ugh the own»
er was able to prevent serious in
jury to other parts of the trees The
tops were cut out of some of the trees
early in 1905, and last fall they were
in much better shape than others
which had not been severely pruned.
The San Jose scale had nearly killed
the top3 of these latter, so that the
ultimate result was about the same in
'both cases, with a marked increase In
vigor where the top was removed in
the spring.
There appears to be no better wash
for the destruction of the San Jose
scale New York state, at least, ana
probably to the south of us, than tho
so-called lime-sulphur wash, provided
it is properly prepared. This means ei
ther active boiling of the constituent
material with some water for at least
30 minutes, or effecting a combination
by means of some chemical such as sal
soda or caustic soda. The action in
these latter cases should be hastened
and improved by the employment of a
small quantity of hot water We be
lieve there is nothing better than a
thoroughly boiled lime sulphur wash
containing 20 pounds of lime and 15
pounds of flowers of sulphur.
It may be prepared in the following
way: Bring several pails of \tater
nearly to a boil in a large iron kettle,
adding the lime, following at once with
the sulphur, and stir thoroughly so as
to mix the ingredients, and repeat the
operation from time to time so that
the material will not cake on the bot
tom of the vessel. There should be
a deep red or even a greenish shad* in
the clear liquid at the end of 30 or 35
minutes, provided the operation has
been properly performed and the Hme
is of fair quality. Steam boiling Is
equally effective provided the steam
pipe extends nearly to the bottom of
the barrel. Strain and dilute this ma
terial with enough water to make 50
gallons, and apply at once. I
The secret of success lies first in ob*
taining a proper wash, and secondly,
to an equal extent, in making a thor
ough application. We advise a ^ost
careful spraying of all parts of the
tree, treating each at times when the
wind is in the opposite direction and.
making an effort thoroughly to coatl
every limb and twig. We further sug*
gest, in the case of an old orchard badq
ly infested with the scale, that thii
treatment be given in early winter and!
then repeated shortly before the buds
appear in the spring. The reason fov
this is that the rough bark of old
trees is very likely to protect some of
the scale insects, and at the outset it
is desirable to perform a most thor
ough job in order to give the trees
an opportunity to regain their normal,
vigor.
ON LOADING HAY.
Some Suggestions Which Will Helm
to Keep New Hay from Heat
ing and Spoiling.
The most essential point loading
new hay, says a dealer, in Countiy
Gentleman, is to see that it is not
loaded flat—that is, with the fiat sides
of the bale up. When loaded this way.
with the smooth sides of the bales to
gether, no space is left for air, and
as a consequence it invariably heats
A properly loaded car has the edges or
rough sides of the bales together. Thi*
allows air space between the bales,
and always prevents danger of bear
ing. Do not try to load cars with the
purpose of beating the railroad out of
a few cents in weight. It's much bet
ter to pay in excess of the actual
weight, if necessary, for the selling
price of your hay will more than
make up to you the excess freight ex
pense In putting up hay, it depends
largely upon whom you ship to as to
the size of the bales. If you ship ta
small jobbers who deal almost exclu
sively with the retail trade of tha
city, it is advisable to make the bale?
small, but generally the trade on the
market will create as good a demand
for 75-pound bales as tor 60-pound
bales.
HANDY STABLE SCRAPER.
Home-Made Device Which Will Prove
Very Serviceable in the
Stable.
Here is a handy homemade scraper,
which is very useful to clean gutters
and floors in stock barns, says the
Orange Judd Farmer. If to be used
in the gutter, the length of the blade
HANDY BARN SCRAPER.
should be slightly less than the width
of the gutter. Usually eight by eight
een inches is sufficient, with a thick
ness of one inch Bevel each edge,
as shown, and bore two holes one inch
or more in diameter midway between
the f&rk and the end. Cut a small
hickory sapling about two inches
diameter and five feet long. Draw an
iron ring down tightly within a few
feet of the lower end, or wind with
a few turns of heavy wire. Split the
short end of the pole and spread the
two halves and fit into holes of com
mon board, wedging tightly from the
other side to make them firm
Trees are like children in the bet
ginning they give us a great deal of
trouble and worry, but in the end we
are proud of them.
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