Willmar tribune. [volume], February 14, 1912, Image 3

About Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931

Image provided by: Minnesota Historical Society; Saint Paul, MN

                
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W
RITING of bis experiences
during a six months' trip
through South and East Af
rica undertaken tor explora
tion and hunting purposes.
Sir Henry Seton-Kar. In Country L.ife,
says:
After a two months' stay In the
Mozambique district of Portuguese
East Africa, where I had a two hun
dred miles' trek, with native carriers,
through some little-known country, a
Union Castle liner took me up the
coast past Zanzibar to the ttne harbor
of Mombasa, or rather KiJlndini
(Mombasa being the town), which is
the port of debarkation for the Ugan
da railway and the doorway to the
highlands of British East Africa. My
immediate object in visiting the new
est colony was big-game-hunting. So
1 left Mombasa by the first available
train, and in twenty-four hours had
ascended six thousand feet, through
jialiri grove, tropical jungle, thorn and
grass-covered plain and mountain
ranges to the high tableland whose
altitude makes British East Africa
possible as a white man's colony and
another cradle for our race. Of thla
tableland Nairobi Is the capital, and
tho social, commercial and political
center. Never have I seen anything
like the quantity of big-game In any
part of the world such as now exist
in their thousands in British East Af
rica. Even western America thirty
years ago had nothing like this
wealth of wild fauna. 1 rather doubt
If South Africa, in its pioneer days,
«qualled it In this respect. For some
hours before reaching Nairobi thou
sands of zebra, hartebeeste (kon
goni), gazelle ol various kinds
("Grant's" and "Tosamies") can be
seen from the railway carriage win
dows dotting the plains and grass-cov
ered, tree-sprinkled hillsides through
which the railway runs. Herds of
"wildebeeste are almoBt always In
sight also other varieties of buck or
antelope, such as impala and orlbl
likewise an occasional rhino, and fre
quently a herd of giraffe. I saw all
these varieties from the train. A large
portion of the country south of the
railway to the German border is main
tained as a game reserve, as well as
the southern Masai native reserve,
and so abounds in game.
One has heard so much of hunting
parties visiting Nairobi of late years,
and returning in every case laden
with spoils and trophies of the chase,
that I had a sort of feeling, before
hand, that the game would soon be all
killed unless one hurried up and went
soon. But now the mystery was
solved. The country is so fertile, pas
toral and extensive, and the climate
eo equable, that it is capable of main
taining an almost incredible amount
of game. In addition to a great native
population and a white settlers' pop
ulation. The game are there, and
have not been recklessly slaughtered
and squandered in the past. They are
now only shot in a sportsmanlike
manner, under strict regulation as to
numbers and locality—some rarer
kinds being absolutely protected—and
only on payment of a substantial li
cense fee and the consequence Is
that, if anything, the game is increas
ing in numbers, not diminishing, in
fact, the boot Is on the other leg. The
question Is whether, in some dis
tricts, the commoner kinds of game
are not too numerous, and should not,
in the interest of settlers and their
fencing and crops, be greatly reduced
in numbers, or even altogether killed
off. So far as my own hunting ex
periences are concerned, 1 enjoyed a
most delightful and productive three
weeks' safari, during the course of
which I shot about forty head of bis
game either for meat or for trophies,
including eighteen different varieties,
among them a great python sixteen
feet long. 1 am bound to confess, in
my view, that there is no great sport
ing merit in obtaining the ordinary
common big-game trophies of East
Africa, such as wildebeeste, harte
beeste, the various kinds of gazelle
and smaller antelope, zebra and wart
hog, all of which are to be found on
the open plains and outside long grass
and jungle. It is merely a question
of how long one stays out and how
many cartridges one uses. There are,
however, other varieties or big-game
much harder to find and shoot, end in
the hunting of which some woodcraft
and intelligence, as well as straight
shooting, are required. Lastly, there
are the larger and dangerous kinds of
game, the hunting of which will al
ways be a stimulating and exciting
form of sport
In the first of these two latter cate
gories I would place the roam ant
lope, the bushbuck, the koodoo and
sable (these two latter are not found
on the higher tableland of British
East Africa, but only In the buth coun
try nearer the coast), and, perhaps,
the water-buck and the eland also,
of course, the bongo, a gigantic spe
cies of bushbuck, only found In the
thickest Jungle. Only one or two
lucky and aswd-wcrkinf sportsmen,ft*J —Princeton Tiger.
eluding Kermit Roosevelt, have so far
succeeded In securing a bongo head.
The second, and by far the most in
teresting, category includes the lion
and leopard, the elephant, the rhino
and the buffalo. I have not mentioned
the giraffe. I do not think any sports
man really wants to shoot a giraffe,
apart from the tact that It Is an ex
pensive amusement to do so, as a spe
cial license fee is required for the
privilege.
I am inclined to think that the Af
rican buffalo is one of the finest gam«
animals in the world. He command!
my intense admiration and respect,
ard the hunting of him is. and alwayr
will be, a most exciting and stlmulat
ing pursuit. An old buffalo bull yield:
a horned trophy second only In weight
and beauty to the Alaskan moose and
the American wapiti, and from iMs
habits, temper ar-d physique he is wei
qualified to look after himself.
There Is a good stotfk of buffalojtfi
in British East Attica, and as eacfi
license only permits the shooting ot
two bulls, that stock is probably 'in.
creasing. They froqueitt the thick,
grass-covered, jungly hills, Are seldcrr
seen in the open, except at e&rly daw?
or late In the evening, and so are n««t
easy to find and get a shot at Aim
their vitality is extraordinary. Ttl«
amount of lead (projected, mind yon,
at two thousand feet or so per second
from a cordite rifle) that they can
carry is marvelous.
Say Loose Cellar Means Long Life.
Wear a loofld collar and live long
in the enjoyment of luxuriant aad un
fading locks. This is 'the prospect
that Dr. Walter O. Walford holds oat
in the British Medical Journal. An
swering a correspondent's inquiry us
to the cause of his hair changing
color, the doctor says:
"The probable cause Is that the In
quirer has not very long since en
larged his neckwear, and thus im
proved the communication between
his heart and brain and the lymphatio
circulation. This is what I happened
to do when I had just reached 70,
when, in addition to greatly improved
health my hair not only became dark*
er but grew so profusely where I had
previously been bald, as to become
quite noticeable."
Leap Year.
Beware, oh careless man, beware
this is the year of woman's right Now
every frou-frou means a snare, youi
bonded .state to expedite. And every
woman starts her quest to gain a
mate by force or guile so you must
halt at her request and face the dan
ger of her smile. No man so young,
so old, but he must take his chance*
in the fray the female of the spe
cies, she, exempts no male she may
inveigh. Be deaf, oh, bachelor, be
dumb, when she approacheth with
her snare and answer not or you'll
succumb. Beware, or, careless man,
beware!—Cincinnati Enquirer.
Restrictions on Pulque Drinking.
Pulque shops must close earlier and
restaurants may remain open later,
was the decision reached at the cab
inet meeting, says the Mexican Her
aid.
Abraham Gonzalez, minister of Go
bernacion announced that after Jan-
a
15
a
sold must close at 6 p. m., except on
Sundays and holidays, when the clos
ing hour would be at noon. Restau
rants, by paying a higher license, may
remain open until three o'clock in the
morning. Furthermore, the tax on
pulque is to be advanced from 75 cea
tavos the hectoliter to a peso.
The Reason.
"Oculists' bills are particularly Ir
ritating."
"Why of
"Because their very nature has
tendency to develop eae-rate possi
bilities."
Ha Woke Up.
NErevealed
4
I have been fortunate enough to ob
tain fair specimens, after some hard
work and strenuous stalking, of all
the various kinds or game 1 have men
tioned, some in Northwest Rhodesia
and Mozambique, others in British
East Africa, including buffalo and
rhino, with the exception of bongo
(this animal I never dared hope to
get), leopard, lion and elephant These
two tetter I have been close to in
thick forest or seen at a distance, but
never succeeded in getting a shot at,
It is every sportsman's ambition,
suppose, to sfcoot a lion in fair stalk
ing But I am Inclined to think he
has been rather generously styled the
king of beasts. J4g a matter of fact,
this great carnivorous feline is, except
under special circumstances, a snealb
*ng, crawling beast.
SAN
places where pulque was
certainly
He (Innocently, Golf
keeps you in good shape.
She (suggestively)—Literally sneak
ing?
He (waking up)—No flgurativel*
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Vanity Class Is Feature In School
CAM YOUTflL
WHAT I VENT
BAD ABOUT
THIS DRW?
W YORK.—A vanity class, it was
recently, has been start
ed among the girls In Erasmus Hall
High school, Brooklyn, as a part of
the hygiene and gymnasium courses.
It was originated by Catherine, Tur
ner, assistant principal, as a means of
teaching the girls to take greater
pride in their personal appearance
and of impressing on them the fact
that a girl who has plain features
may. make herself unusually attrac
tive by,displaying taste in dress, care
of her teeth and hair, her complexion,
carriage of shoulders, and the like.
The pupils are urged to give heed to
all those things, and they are exam
iced in them just as they take exami
nations in algebra, arithmetic and
English.
Miss Turner, who Is active in evolv
ing the new course, is a stanch be
liever in simple gowns. She insists
that girls may be Just as attractive in
simple frocks as in silks, provided
they pay attention to many other
things and make it a point to appear
neat To the girls she has made it a
point to explain the many things that
are required to look fetching. She
has given lectures on the care of the
person, on harmony in dress, taste
in the selection of materials, and on
many other things.
The opportunity for giving more at
tention to those things has come be
cause of the inability of air the
classes to get aS many hours, as set
in the schedule, in the gymnasium
Farmer Boy Buncos City Firemen
CHICAGO.—WhetheWheelerk
Fran Ander-
son came from Ind,, or
whether, he. didn't, he succeeded in
working a "skin game" on scores of
members of the city fire department
that would do credit to the most ex:
perienced and skillful of Chicago con
fidence men, and now the firemen are
looking up Wheeler, Ihd.i on the map.
To their relief they find that 'Wheel
er, ind., Is really, so. This is the only
think they have found to be true
about Frank Anderson, however, and
in fact they, are beginning to doubt
that he is Frank Anderson at all and
may be somebody else—which latter
suspicion the police concur in.
Frank is a stolid, healthy-looking
country lad, with -rosy cheeks. He
went around to the various fire
houses and tpld his story.
"I live back on a farm near Wheel
er, Ind.," he would say, "where my
ma has 3,000 chickens and 19 cows.
We got a tol'able sized farm back
there. I came to Chicago to find my
Aunt Jane, but run out o' finances
and I calculate as how I'll have to
hoof It back. If one of you gentle
men will assist me In getting back
home I'll send you more than I bor
rowed in eggs and butter."
Jerome Connor, a salesman, who
happened to be in the quarters of en-
Wireless Used by Cupid On Steamer
FRANCISCO.—A prank of Cupid
with the wireless aboard the
Pa-to
cific Mail liner Mongolia the other
day basely betrayed to an Indulgent
world afloat and ashore the plan of
Lieut Edmund Spence Root of the
navy to marry Miss Maude May Rad
cliffe, daughter of E. F. Radcliffe,
electrical manufacturer of Portland,'
Ore., and to surprise his relatives and
friends with the news.
The Mongolia was plowing serenely
toward San Francisco when the godgirl
of love began to get busy with the
key of the wireless apparatus. Other
vessels far at sea and a few of the
land stations received the persistent
call of the Mongolia's operator, but
the receiving stations did not pay
much attention until the words "mar
riage license" clicked forth the dis
patch leaving the Mongolia's aerials.
The aerogram was addressed to
NEkeeper
tr*
uW it
&st£d
every week. As the exercises are in
tended primarily to aid girls in im
proving their appearance, it was de
cided to devote an hour to the vanity
class. The girls are gathered in the
auditorium. Five of the most attrac
tive girls are selected and sent on
the stage in the full glare of the foot
lights. They are lined up and the
students in the auditorium are asked
to study the appearance of each ot
the girls, her teeth, her complexion,
'her figure, her hair, her feet, her
dress, her method of standing and
other details.
Aid is given to the observation pow
ers of the'girls by the teachers, who
call attention to various parts of the
girls' dress. After that has been
done the pupils are required to vote
on the appearance of the girls. First
a vote is taken as to which girl is the
prettiest Next the question as to
which girl has the daintiest figure is
decided, the girls on the stage mean
time standing with their backs to
the students in the auditorium. Votes
on the teeth, hair, feet and other
points of a woman's appearance are
taken. The girl receiving the great
est number of votes gets additional
credit in her marks in hygiene. Ev
ery week different girls are called up
for inspection.
The girls formerly were taken, for
walks in Prospect Park by their
teachers. Soon it was observed that
many young fellows appeared in the
parks and sought to attract the at
tention of the girl pupils. The teach
ers observed that fact, and now when
the classes are out walking and sev
eral young men are found seated on
a bench the teachers stop, stand be
side the men and watch the girls as
they pass to see whether they make
"goo-goe eyes" At the young men.
WILL YE
HAVE JERSEY
EGCS Eft
PLYMOUTH
frOCK4?
rMYrtAW
IHASP0TH7
gine company No. 5, 326 South Jef
ferson street, listened and saw vis
ions of omelettes. He bought $2
worth of eggs. Members of the en
gine company brought the donation
up to $10, and Frank took the names
of all.
As he was leaving one engine
house after having made an extreme
ly successful plea, he asked one of
the men whether he preferred "Ply
mouth Rock" eggs or the "Jersey"
kind. Several days later he was re
lating the incident to some friends,
and Inquiring about "Jersey" chick
ens.
*When he was told the truth he sent
a message over the wire to all of the
fire houses warning the men against
purchasing eggs and butter from
Frank Anderson.
"Too late. We've waited so long
for them eggs I guess they're all
spoiled," was the answer that came
back in nearly every Instance.
Miss Radcliffe at the Palace hotel,
and after a few phrases, important
only to the parties directly involved,
explained that the liner would not ar
rive until late, and that unless a li
cense were procured Saturday a wed
ding could not take place in San
Francisco.
Zoo Keeper Says lions Are Alienists
W YORK.—"Bill" Snyder, head
at the Central Park men
agerie, has qualified as an alienist
"Bill" never graduated from a col
lege, or served on an asylum's staff,
but when a man named Fulberg
tried to break into the lion cage, Sny
der said at once he was crazy. How
did he know? Because "Bill" says
the lions always try to make f|iends
with an insane person.
"Yep, I've never seen it fail yet,"
said "Bills" "Whenever a crazy man
gets near a lion, the animal just
naturally comes up close to the bars
and tries to be a good fellow. He
will wag his tail and purr like a cat
It's wonderful, but it's so. Why, I
once knew a crazy man to take a
lion's food away from the brute, and
the animal seemed to be trying to
smile about the joke."
"What do you suppose makes a
Hon so friendly with a crazy man?"
"Bill" was asked.
"1 never tried to figure it out, but I
Imagine it's because when a man
goes crazy his animal nature comes
out, and the Hon recognizes itself in
a little higher development.
"I wish I could be put on some
lunacy commission. I would brine
The lieutenant was hurrying home
from the Asiatic station, under orders
report at once to Washington, so
Miss Radcliffe used the more discreet
and secretive telephone to beg Grant
Munson, marriage license clerk, to
hold the office open until the Mon
golia arrived. The gallant Munson
did even better—he promised to re
turn to his office and issue the license
at any time she and her fiance should
appear.
At 7:30 o'clock the officer and the
were at the official trysting place
and soon were in possession of the
coveted permit The lieutenant gave
his address as Cincinnati, O., but ex
plained that the residence was purely
theoretical, he having a sister living
in that city. Miss Radcliffe gave her
address as Portland, Ore., where the
navy man first courted her.
Lieutenant Root soon located a
minister who tied the knot
the subject down here, take him uptite
to the lion cage and mighty soon find
out if he is sane or not. It would
save the state and city a whole lot of
money, as they wouldn't have to hold
a suspect under observation more
than long enough to bring him to
me."
"Is the Hon the only animal that
tries to become acquainted with luna
tics?" "BiU" was asked.
"No, they all do in some way or an
other. For instance, the monkey
makes an effort to search for fleas,
and the elephant tries to give the
person a ride."
Disappointed Office 8eekers.
A man will get so mad because the
job he wanted was given to someone
else that he will spend weeks fight
ing the appointing power, purely on
principle.
•f- 4
j&jM&r/
Discover Error On Cannon Trophy
LOOK* K/ftM
MIXC0 UP
TO E
.?"-.(fll-*
wo sut^/
WASHINGTON.—Like
a jaunty lit-
tie watchdog at the right of the
God of War there stands at one of
the entrances to the war department
a trim little cannon. It is a pigmy
among the giant trophies of mighty
guns that surround the building, but
It has some history of its own.
it was the first cannon captured by
the Americans from the British in the
Revolutionary war, though it has not
been so officially placed upon the rec
ords. It was captured by the great
patriot-traitor general, Benedict Arn
old.
It has, in a dozen years been passed
by more army and navy officers and
other notables of high mark and dis
tinction than any gun in the United
States. Yet In all this time that lit
tle gun has borne a marked error of
history that it flaunted boldly on a
large name plate—an error so plain
that it should have been detected im
mediately by any passing high school
cadet •.
The gun is a bronze six-pounder.
.N SPITE of the intensely cold
winter weather the social sea
son in. Washington was at its
height New Year's week, which
was ,an exceptionally gay one, begin
ning and ending with a dance, the
Charity ball Monday and the second
hop of the season at the navy yard.
Among the many other important
functions of the week were the diplo
matic reception at the White House
on Tuesday night, which went down
in the social annals of the national
capital as one of the most resplendent
ever held there, and the many dinners
and several receptions in honor of the
American ambassador to Great Britain
and Mrs. Whitelaw Reld, who are be
ing extensively entertained during
their stay.
"Grizzly" Danced By Capital Society
I
A remarkable assemblage of social
lights from other cities graced the re
ception at the White House Tuesday,
and conspicuous among them was the
famous Mrs. Jack Gardner of Boston.
Mrs. Hugh Roland French created
something of a sensation that evening
in the first "harem skirt" to appear at
a social function in Washington. Hith
erto this somewhat startling innova
tion In feminine attire has been re
stricted to the Btage.
Mrs: French, who is the wife of
Captain French of the British army,
was formerly Miss Ida Wynne, daugh
ter iof the former American consul
general at London.
Her gown on this occasion was of
tilack velvet and white lace, and pre
sented no unusual feature for custom-
New Ptarmigan Species Discovered
HILE on an expedition for the
Smithsonian institution in the
Aleutian islands for the purpose of
gathering material for the continua
tion of the "Life History of North
American Birds," A. C. Bent discover
ed a subspecies of ptarmigan, to
be known as the Tanaga ptarmigan.
The ptarmigan belong to the same
general group with the domestic fowl.
They are circumpolar in distribution,
but are found principally in North
American, and are represented by
some 15 known species and sub
species.
A striking seasonal change of
plumage which is perhaps more pro
nounced than that exhibited by any
Other birds, takes place among the
ptarmigan. In most species there are
three, or even four, complete changes
of plumage that of winter being
chiefly pure white, while in other sea
sons it varies to brown, buff, gray or
THE
hawk whose frequent excur
sions from his aerie in Smithson
ian park to the relay station for car
rier pigeons in the postofflce tower
have furnished him prey and food in
the winter season of, scarcity, has
tried to stop the post office clock.
Perhaps finding that the hour of his
depredations was established, and the
clock watched by his anticipated vic
tims, so that they might evade his
sudden swooping down upon them, he
has thrown the plucked corpse of a
pigeon which had satisfied his appe
into the back of the dial of the
timepiece.
Had the body lodged between the
hands, the perfectly balanced mechan
ism must have stopped. The body
appears to have stuck on the pin, in
the very center of the dial, which
holds the hands in place and operates
their movement round the face of the
clock.
To remove the corpse from the
clock offers a big difficulty to the
keepers of the building. It will prob
ably be necessary to remove one of
the glass panels in the clock dial, to
get at the intruding substance, unless
Went Out of Life Together.
M. and Mme. Varay, aged 81 and
7*,' -both died of old age at Correze,
France, the other day. The date was
the anniversary of both their birth*
TOSIP
built in Holland in 1747 for King
George of England. It is a little under
six feet long and is about three and a
half inches in caliber.
Deeply cut along the barrel near
the muzzle end is the following: "Sur
rendered by the Capitulation of St
Johns, 1775." But on a large metal
plate sunk in the national shield, on
which the gun is mounted, is this con
flicting statement: "Revolutionary
Trophy Surrendered at Yorktown,
1775."
Thus the little gun appears to have
been captured twice—and, further, it
would appear to have been captured
at Yorktown six years before there
was "any fighting at that point The
error remained for 12 years unde
tected.
Capt IT. S. Grant, third superinten
dent of the building, has corrected the
error at last.
"Beyond doubt," said Captain Grant,
"the gun was captured on some of the
adventurous expeditions made by the
early revolutionists in 1775."
A few days after Ethan Allen cap
tured Ticonderoga, which had no real
cannon, he and Benedict Arnold, then
the most adventurous of the American
patriots, had a quarrel. Arnold took
a band of riflemen who adhered to
him and, going down Lake Champlain,
invaded Canada and captured as hts
first triumph the town of St John's,
ary'evening attire until th» wearer
moved about. Then it showed at each
step the division of the skirt at the
bottom, but it must be admitted In a
much less revealing manner than has
been advertised for the fashion.
It seems the new-style dances of
the season, the "Turkey Trot," the
"Grizzly Bear" and the like have
come to stay in Washington, despite
the, ban which has been placed upon
them by some of the more conserva
tive. After the dances at the
Barracks and Fort Myer a week or so
ago, some of the mothers of debu
tantes of this year and last, banded
themselves together for the purpose of
eliminating these dances from the pro
gram of any balls which their daugh
ters were to attend in the future, but
so far their campaign has apparently
been of no avail. Certainly the
"Grizzly," the "Turkey" and the
"Spanish Boston" were much in evi
dence this week. The debutante who
can boast these accomplishments, has
no lack of partners.
The president and Mrs. Taft occu
pied the box set aside for them at the
ball Monday evening for more than
an hom\
black. Living as these birds do in
the arctic regions and in rugged
snow-capped mountains, the changes
in plumage affords efficient protection
from their many enemies, since they
harmonize in color with their sur
roundings.
The new subspecies, described by
Mr. Bent, was found on Tanaga island,
one of the Alentian chain, Alaska, and
takes its common name from that
place, although scientifically it is
named after Dr. Leonard C. Sanford,
and will be known as lagopus san
fordi. Ptarmigan were particularly
tame and abundant.on Tanaga island,
and good series of the birds and nests
were collected for the National mu
seum. As the collecting was done in
June, most of the specimens secured
were In summer plumage, which in
general tone is a light grayish buff,
paler on the throat, chest, rump and
upper tall coverts.
The pamphlet (publication No. 2.066
of the Smithsonian miscellaneous col
lections) describing this bird is quite
technical and intended primarily for
ornithologists and zoologists. Speci
mens of pne species of this interesting
game bird can be,seen in the chil
dren's room of the Smithsonian build
ing.
S W A A W S W S W W W W
Greedy Hawk Damages Big Clock
the movement of the hands finally dis
lodges it. This explains the antics of
the clock recently.
Severe cold and the depredations of
the hawk have brought death to many
pigeons who have sought shelter in
the high tower. Bodies of four pig
eons were found in the snow, when
it was recently removed from the
slanting glass roof over the court of
the big building.
Winging their flight for the refuge
promised by the tower in a half frozen
condition, it is probable that the
pigeons struck their heads against the
stone upright of the tower, were
stunned by the impact and fell help
less to the roof below, freezing to
death before they could recover the
power to move.
Precarious Industry.
Ostrich feathers, dependent almost
entirely for their value upon the
fashions of the day, are one of the
most Important products of Cape Col
ony.
0
NE of the greatest of modern
engineering enterprises is the
construction, of the new aque
duct system, which is to carry
water to New York from the
Catskills, and the most colossal unit
in the whole Is the Ashokan reservoir,
the principal storage place for the
mountain waters. Ranking with the
interoceanic canals at Suez and Pan
ama, the Assuan irrigation' works in
Egypt and the projects which are con
verting western America's arid wastes
into fruitful fields, the CatskiU aque
duct, with its tributary reservoirs,
probably surpasses any one of them in
the variety of problems to be solved.
Although undertaken by a municipal
ity, these works in magnitude and
cost compare with national enter
prises.
Because of its impressive ruins, the
water supply of ancient Rome is
doubtless the most famous in the'
world. The imperial city had nine
aqueducts, with a total of 263 miles
but if the water that all those aque
ducts could carry (estimated at 84,
000,000 gallons per day) were put into
New York's CatskiU aqueduct, it
wotrid rise to the height of only three
feet three inches. When the Ashokan
dam is finished, the reservoir it will
create will cover a water area of 12.8
square miles and have a shore line
of 40 miles. When the reservoir is
full it will contain 128,000 million gal
lons, sufficient to cover Manhattan
island to an average depth of 28 feet
Fifty feet will be the average depth of
water throughout the reservoir. It is
reasonable to believe that the Cats
kill aqueduct will be as permanent
as those of Rome. Imperial Rome's
longest aqueduct was 57 miles in
length the CatskiU aqueduct wiU be
92 miles long. Rome, with hordes of
laborers from conquered domains, car
ried its aqueducts at hydraulic grade
across valleys on imposing masonry
arches. Modern explosives and rock
drills enable New York to tunnel in
solid rock beneath valleys and riv
ers, avoiding masonry, which Is now
expensive, and which is likely to suf
fer In New York's severer climate.
Olive Bridge dam is the greatest of
the chain of dams and closes the main
gorge to Esopus creek. It is a mile
long on top and has a maximum
height above its foundation of 240 feet.
Tiie central portion has a top length
of 1,000 feet and the top width is as
Wide as an ordinary roadway. The
cost of engineering this spectacular
piece of work will amount to more
than $12,000,000. The thousands of la
borers who are now housed in the
temporary town known as "Camp
City/' enjoy aU the comforts, and are
far more healthful than they would be
in their own homes. A complete sys
tem of sewage has been installed, and
In sanitary matters it is, in a few re
spects at least, more advanced than
some communities, far more substan
tial and attractive.' The laborers are
for the most part Italians and ne
groes.
•Jt'he CatskiU aqueduct Is virtually
a subway. Unfortunately a pipe-line
will not do. It must be remembered
that the Ashokan reservoir is 500 feet
above sea level, and that with every
fall of two feet the pressure of wa
ter increases nearly one pound to the
square inch. The lowest level to be
reached will have a pressure on the
pipe of 130 pounds to the square inch,
or over 18,000 pounds to the square
foot A pipe to endure a strain like
that would be enormously expensive,
simple means was used to overcome
the necessity of building bridges to
keep the pipe up at a level {called
hydraulic grade). When a valley was
reached below the hydraulic grade, the
aqueduct was made to dive—not to
the surface of the vaUey, but hundreds
of feet below the surface—and then
rise to the level on the other side.
Such a plunge of water into the
depths of rock is called a siphon. Sev
eral of these siphons will be found.
One beneath the Wallkill valley, and
another beneath the Valley of Round
out, and another, most astounding of
ah, hundreds of feet below the bed of
the majestic Hudson.
It is rather a ragged course along
which the water wiU flow from OUve
bridge to the High Service reservoir
atYonkers. The wrater begins Its flow
swiftly, but placidly enough, then
dashes through the CatskiU mountains
to meet a perpendicular descent of 200
feet and in a moment another one of
400 feet By turns it is carried for
ward, upward, forward, downward,
until, after reaching a depth of 700
feet, it suddenly shoots upward to the
side of Bonticou Crag it is then si
phoned under the Wallkill valley. The
Moodna section of a siphon is entered
and then it goes on a direct line for
the Hudson river. The most interest
ing crossing is that where the passage
Is made from one side of the Hudson
to the other. Here, the line of no
pressure Is 400 feet above the river.
It has been found necessary to place
the bottom of the aqueduct 1.200 feet
below the river surface. In conse
quence of these two facts, the upward
pressure is enormous, being equal to
that exerted by a column of water
M00 feet high. This amounts to about
700 pounds per square inch. After
beta* forced out from under the Hod*
son the water goes half-way up thsv
face of Breakneck: mountain, and then.
through two mountains and along the
high valleys of the Highlands until it
reaches Foundry Brook. Four- steel
pipes carry the water across that
stream. After another mountain tun-i
nel and another slightly undulating
course, it reaches High Service
reservoir, 300 feet above sea level.
Three kinds of construction will be
used in the course of the aqueduct.
The largest part wiU be what is caBed
"cut and coverv' This form of worse
is used only on the hydraulic grade.
The second form is tunneling. The
third form of construction is the build
ing! of steel pipes. This last form
will require renewal from time to
time.
In New York city the aqueduct wfll
be nothing less than a subterranean
river—ramifying through hundreds of
mUes of solid rock throughout, issu»
ing finally through faucets and hy
drants to serve those who have bid
den it In no place wiU this aqueduct
be less than 170 feet below the sur
face of the streets. The natural pres
sure will be of sufficient force in low
er Manhattan to carry the water to
the top of a 20-story buUding. After
traversing nearly the whole of the Is
land, the aqueduct will cross the Bast
river and enter Brooklyn. The course
wiU next swing round a semi-circle,
pass across the Narrows and thus ar
rive at its terminal point on State*
Island. •-.--,-..
LOCKING OUT THE TEACHER
Old Time Sport as Enjoyed by Pupil*.
of Eastern Ohio School, According
to an Exchange.
Country people stiU liave some ot
the old time enjoyments. In a ..rural
school district in this state in the
county opposite Huntington, W. Va*
foUowing the old time custom, the
pupils locked out the teacher the week
before, the hoUdays because, he re
fused to treat them.
The teacher contrived to get inside
the buUding and began to apply the
switch to the boys. A young lady
nineteen years of age and weighing
165 pounds told him not to whip, the
boys or. she would whip him. The
teacher gave her a stroke of the
switch and she attacked him at once.
He was run around the room, but
when finally cornered struck the girl
with his fist on the nose and eyes
She called on the boys to help and the
teacher got out his pocketkuife and
was ready for a,cutting scrape. The
pupils abandoned the fight and the
matter was then placed in the bands
of the local justice of the peace for
settlement according to law.
Of course there is much exeitement
and no end of talk in the neighbor*
hood, and the people wiU nave reel.
enjoyment of the hoUday season.' it
is gratifying to know that the tele
phones, automobUe and free delivery
have not destroyed aU the old time
customs and enjoyment—St. Claim
ville Gazette.
Customs From Crusade Days.
The army has many survivals fee-'
sides the "flash." When an officer
draws his sword or returns It to the
scabbard he always brings the cross
bar of the hUt to a level with hie
lips. The custom is a reminder from
the' time when the hilt represented
the cross and the owner of a sword
kissed It as a Crusader. The senffsiils
of one regiment wear their sashes cm
the same shoulder that their ofltoero
did. because they brought the rem
nant of it out of action, all the of
ficers being kUled. Nowadays on
cers wear the sash round the waist.
Rifle officers do not "hook up" their
swords, for the reason that they were
once cavalry* That omnipotent per-'
son, the battalion sergeant major, lets
his sword rest In the scabbard. An oid
catch question was: "When does the
sergeant major draw his •wordf
The answer Is: "At the trooping et
the color."—London Chronicle.
A
'&
Duel Fatal to Be*fc-Vr-0'f«rt«***
While'two men were' spearing sstfr
mon on thei Columbia river, inOregon,'
they noticed, a large, gray eagle hov
ering over the water, hut.they paid no
particular attention to the bird until
it suddenly swooped down and
pounced on a bis fish. The fish most
have weighed 16 pounds! and *It soosi
became. evident that the eagle could
not lift it clear of the water. 'After
several Ineffectual efforts tge bird
next tried to release its hold, hut II
was caught fast as if in a trap. Hnai«
ly it was itself dragged into the ws
ter. and the swift current sviept the
odd combatants down streatn' untU
they lodged in a fishnet, where both
were caught The fish was kiUed
the eagle was already dead.- 1/
-&M
&
-13
--3
•1
5$
Fickle Fea^Wrlty.ilS*^#^H
"Tour constituents are saying aft
manner of harsh things Shout you Jsst
now.'*-'
vW
vi-*
"Yea." repUed Besator Borghum
"Such is the tifkWnesi of the fsMfc*
One Slight think was a pttcsjsTwBtY
had fast lost a
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