a
4-
(Courtesy of J. O. Cunnlgham.)
Y.
How German Farmer Co-operatet.
Everything the German farmer does
he does co-operatively. If he wishes
to purchase a farm he gets a 50 or 60
year loan from a Landschaften bank.
When he finds it necessary to buy
Implements or live stock, or seeds, he
uses money borrowed from a co-opera
tive credit society, making short time
loans. He gets his equipment of a co
operative store which furnishes him a
guaranteed article at the lowest pos
sible price. For when co-operation sells
to the farmer, everything from garden
seeds to threshing machines is guar
anteed. If he wishes to insure his
property he goes to a co-operative in
surance company, which will Insure
his crops against loss by hail or v.ind
another co-operative insurance agency
insures his house against fire, while
another insures his live stock against
sickness, accident, or legal destruc
tion, following the discovery of tuber
culosis or other contagious disease.
His stock cattle come to him from a
co-operative breeding farm. Brom co
operative associations he gets his sci
entific instructions as to the care of
his cattle, as to the best feeds, as to
the cure of animal diseases, as to the
valuation of crops, as to fertilizers.
,,:
His milk and cream he takes to a co
operative creamery, from which it is
sold cooperatively. His very hens
lay co-operative eggs which within an
hour after they are laid may bear the
stamp of a co-operative organization.
Even the farmer's wife has a ten
dency toward co-operation and is as
alive to its advantages as is the farm
er himself. Everywhere we find the
women intelligent and conducting
their domestic affairs as scientifically
as do the men their farms.
Water Supply Companies.
One form in which co-operation has
evinced its efficiency in Germany is
a rather unique one, and is one which
at least in some parts of the United
States is worthy of careful study by
American farmers. Scattered through
out Germany there are many co-opera
tive societies for supplying water to
Its members. There are in the prov
ince of Hanover alone, for example, 35
such companies. Whether the commu
nity has been large or small, these
supply companies have generally suc
ceeded.
German Farm Women Returning From Market.
Co-Operative Farm
Products Marketing
How It Is Done in Europe and May Be Done
in America to the Profit of Both
Farmer and Consumer
By MATTHEW 8. DUDGEON.
*O»O»O»0»»O»»O»»»0»»»»»»O»+»»00»O«0»»0»»»0+»Q»»»(»0O»»
CO-OPERATIVE GERMANY.
Berlin, Germany.—The German
farmer calls upon co-operation to sell
him his supplies. He asks it to mar
ket his eggs and his butter. It dis
tils alcohol out of his potatoes and
makes wine for him out of his fruit.
Everywhere in Germany you will find
co-operative elevators and warehouses
for storing grain, co-operative soci
eties for improving the breed of live
Btock, co-operative banks for furnish
ing loans to members, co-operative in
surance companies for insuring
against every imaginable damage. Co
operative societies are formed tomeet
the needs of agriculture at every^ turn
—producing the raw material, convert
ing the raw material into salable form,
and placing the finished product upon
the market.
"Agricultural co-operative societies
have become so numerous fn Germany
as almost to jostle one another. There
are at the present time more than 26,
000 of them." These are the words of
Henry Wolff, the great authority upon
agricultural co-operation, and we have
found his statement true. These 26,
000 societies have nearly two and a
half million members. Over half of
these societies are credit associations,
which have a working capital of over
$400,000,000. Moreover, the number
of societies and the number of mem
bers are constantly increasing. The
German farmer who in his way is an
individualist and as Independent as is
the American farmer, has learned that
co-operation Is his salvation and be
lieves in allying himself with his neigh
bors for the common economic de
fense.
The advantages of co-operation in
attacking the problem of water supply
have been thus summarized: "By co
operation a sufficient sum of money
can be raised to enable a source of wa
ter to be tapped, unquestionable as to
purity, softness and quality 2. Co-Tides
For Exchange
A first class income property renting
for $9*00 a year situated In a* cftttnty
seat -town' of 2,000, In Central itfmn.
It Is the only first class hotel'^ln town
and as soon-as the present lease-*ex-.j
pires you cantak« charge ,of«.» bigr.payi
Ins,business,, which, has^ madexne^m$ja
rich' already. Price U».»$0.. ,:OTouId
trade -for good. farm, up to $18.0004
Send description of ^ffert.-^ ^Jstod-'
den «V Co., flfl-621
SecurityJ%2fii
ing Minneapolis Minn.-
Bank Build-
Raymond Barber*&J®&&P~
Oi* Bjerke, the^u&&s%ffl de
part for hhr fatherland,^Norwayt to-
S »A
operation ensures extreme economy in
maintenance and management 3. Co
operation enables the smallest commu
nity to provide itself with a really
good water supply."
It is not Impossible that there is in
this German experience a suggestion
for the irrigation companies in western
America, where mismanagement and
graft seem to have prevailed. Cer
tainly a truly co-operative association
ganlzed upon the one man one vote
plan, freed from all motives of exces
sive or speculative profits, and man
aged with the efficiency that is tradi
tional in co-operative concerns could
never have made shipwreck of so
many fair prospects as have some of
the Irrigation companies in the west
ern states.
Plowing by 8team.
The owners of the big wheat farms
in the northwestern parts of the United
States might sit up and take notice of
some of the co-operative power plow
companies which are operating in Ger
many. At present there are 46 such
societies. The entire power equipment
is owned by the society, and its mem
bers, even though they occupy com
paratively small farms, are by this
means enabled to have the benefit of
the improved and cheaper work of the
power plow. Experience here shows
that the power plowing plant, consist
ing of a set of plows, tackle and steam
or electric power, cannot be main
tained economically unless it has
sometWng kfee 2,000 acres upon which
to operate. The concerns are most carer
fully managed. A good machinist is
always in charge of the outfit. In ad
dition to his salary he is allowed a
commission upon every acre plowed.
He has entire charge of the operations
and requires all members to remove
all obstructions before work is under
taken. The rates are carefully graded
according to the soil, the depth and
the accessibility. In some cases, also,
a less charge is made for plowing dur
ing the slack periods, the price being
raised as the demand for services of
the equipment increases.
Co-operative Automobiles.
It is said that every well-to-do Amer
ican farmer has an automobile. In
Germany, where the acreage is small
and the farmer has less capital to in
vest in his equipment the farmer joins
with his neighbor to purchase an auto
mobile and a large number of co-op
erative motor societies have been
formed. These machines, however,
are not the touring cars and runabouts
that are ordinarily used by the Ameri
can farmer, but are the most prosaic
utilitarian motor trucks which can
move immense quantities of produce
over the hard level roads of the Ger
man provinces.
German scientists and* inventors
have with great ingenuity produced
machinery that accomplishes with lit
tle effort almost everything which in
years past called for hard labor. The
demand for power is consequently
great and growing constantly. This
has led to the organization of elec
trical supply works in connection with
other agricultural co-operative organ
izations. Of these there are 610,
which are purely co-operative, al
though there are in Germany over
2,000 companies which furnish more
or less electrical power to those inter
ested in agricultural pursuits.
Co-operative Societies Federated.
The co-operative spirit has not
ceased when it has led the farmer to
co-operate with his neighbors to form
a local co-operative concern. The Ger
man genius for organization has led,
to a most elaborate system, of co-or
dination between the various local co
operative associations. For example,
all co-operative dairies within a prov
ince will be united-together a cen
tral association which unifies and har
monizes the work of all the local or
ganizations. These central provincial
societies are in turn in an empire
wide federation with headquarters at
Berlin. You will therefore! in that
city find several central, concerns,
each of which is allied with hundreds
of local societies. This centralization
scheme has many advantages. It pro*
for supervision, Inspection, and
day. He again wishes to see the
place where he spent his boyhood
and will be absent for a few months.
Ole will leave New York for Bergen,
Norway, next Tuesday, April 14, on
Wiggins Plumbing
Good Plumbing
audit which leads to good accounting
systems and good business methods.
Thecentral office serves as a burean
of Information and advice.. In, ease of
marketing the central society, by rea
son of Its size and flnjmdal resources,
fete into markets which would be al
together Inaccessible to the little lo
cal concern. Without oentralisatien
.German co-operation would be much
less effective than it is.
Increased Quantity.
Here in Germany, as elsewhere, co
operation has not only enabled the
farmer to make the moat out of what
he produces, but has increased the
quantity and improved the quality of
the product itself.. This has been true
in every line where co-operative or
ganizations have become active. The
results in dairying are fairly repre
sentative. In Bradenburg tests were
made in 1908 which covered the pro
duction of oyer. 1,000 cows. The av
erage yieldof milk per cow was found
to be 2,661,kilograms, producing 95 kil
ograms of butter, and netting a profit
of 108.06 marks per cow. In 1910 the
average yield had increased to 2,885
kilograms of milk, producing 101 kilo
grams of butter, and netting 132.65
tnarks jproflt for each cow, an increase
Of 24.59 marks per cow, a matter of
15,000 on the 1,000 cows,
German Co-operation Democratic.
German co-operation is, to para
phrase the recognized formula for
democracy "of the members, by the
members, and for the members." No
body thinks of a German co-operative
society as organized for the purpose
of declaring dividends. The utmost
returns that those who hold shares
receive is a five or six per cent profit
If a creamery, for example, finds it
self with undivided profits it does not
distribute them to the members in pro
portion to the shares they hold, but
to the members who as patrons bring
in the milk and cream, and they go to
them in proportion to the quantity and
quality furnished by each. These
profits constitute as it were an addi
tional price, which the patrons receive
for their product All, too, are man
aged upon the "one man one vote"
plan. The member who holds only one
share and brings in the milk of only
one cow has the same voting power as
the farmer with a thousand shares and
a thousand cows. Cooperation is most,
emphatically democratic.
Good Quality and Good Business.
German co-operators themselves
ascribe the success of their societies
largely to good quality and good busi
ness methods. The societies pride
themselves upon the fact that their
output is better than that of privately
owned plants. Their goods are in de
mand, they say, not because they are
co-operative goods, but because they
are good goods. The societies almost
without exception have required that
managers shall be skilled men with
both experience and training. These
positions pay good salaries, and can
didates spend time and money quali
fying themselves to hold them. As
a result these concerns are most busi
nesslike in every particular. The
plants are efficient, the employers
competent, and most excellent ac
counting systems are in vogue.
Co-operative Credit.
It is noticeable that in? Germany
there are more co-operative-credit so
cieties than marketing societies. More
over, the average German enthusiast
German Co-operative Elevator.
will tell you that co-operation natu
jrally begins with co-operative credit
rather than with co-operative market-,
teg. It does not necessarily follow,
however, that in America co-operative
credit associations should precede co
operative marketing. Conditions in
Germany differ greatly from those in
the United States.
In the first place, the privately
owned banking houses of Germany did
not serve the German farmer even as
adequately as the American banker is
now serving the American farmer.
In the second place, marketing in
Germany presents practically none of
the difficulties encountered in Amer
ica. Germany has by high tariffs forced
the consumer to depend upon domes
tic production. The local demand for
almost every farm product exceeds the
supply. As a result there are two
buyers demanding butter, for example
when only enough butter for one is
available.
There are no long hauls, as in Amer
ica, no long distance commission bust
ness. The producer more nearly meets
the consumer face to face and gets his
price.. German marketing, as compared
to American is direct simple,:andfree
from complexities.
We must take the counsel of the
German who ranks co-operative credit
as more Important than co-operative
marketing with caution, since he has
dealt with reversed conditions. We
are firmly convinced, after a careful
survey, that at least in America, the
more prosperous scheme of co-opera
tive marketing is more important UMBY
co-operative credit
Steamer "Bergen Fjord". Here's good
luck on your journey, 01e.—Raymond
News.
Paving Way for Non-Partisan.
The present indications are that
the two surviving candidates will be
Lee and Hammond. When the Nov
ember election- is over' party lines
will be so shattered that the way will
be open for the extension of the non
partisan primary to include the gov
ernor and-all state officials,—.Buffalo
Lake News.
WILLMAR TRIBUNE, WE
Brut
By JACK LONDON
Ceyyrl|bt, |9I3, byThe Cratary Co. jJ
CHAPTER VI.
His abysmal brute! It certainly
must be worth seeing. From
what she read of him she
gleaned 'that he was a man
monster^ profoundly stupid and with
the sullenness and ferocity of a jungle
beast '•»•••_'
True, his published photographs did
not show all that but they did show
the hugeness of brawn that might be
expected to go with it
And so, acompanied by a staff pho
tographer, she went out to the train
ing quarters at the Cliff House at the
hour appointed by Stubener.
That real estate owner was having
trouble. Pat was rebellious. He sat
one big leg dangling over the side of
the armchair and Shakespeare's "Son
nets" face downward on his knee,
orating against the new woman.
"What do they want to come butting
into the game for?" he demanded.
"It's not their place. What do they
know about It anyway? The men are
bad enough as it is. I'm not a holy
show. This woman's coming here to
make me one. I never have stood for
women around the training quarters,
and I don't care if she is a reporter."
"But she's not an ordinary reporter,"
Stubener interposed. "You've heard
of the Sangsters, the millionaires?"
Pat nodded.
"Well, she's one of them. She's high
society and all that stuff. She could
be running with the Blingum crowd
now if she wanted to instead of work
ing for wages. Her old man's worth
$50,000,000 if he's worth a cent"
"Then what's she working on a pa
per for—keeping some poor devil out
of a job?"
"She and the old man fell out had a
tiff or something, about the time he
started to clean up San Francisco. She
quit that's all—left home and got a
job. And let me tell you one thing,
Pat. She can everlastingly sling Eng
lish. There isn't a pen pusher on the
coast can touch her when she gets go
ing."
Pat began to show interest, and
Stubener hurried on:
"She writes poetry, too, the regular
ladedah stuff, just like you, only I
guess hers is better, because she pub
lished a whole book of it once. And
she writes up the shows. She inter
views every big actor that hits this
burg/'
"I've seen her name in the papers,"
Pat commented.
"Sure you have. 'And you're honor
ed, Pat by her coming to interview
you. It won't bother you any. I'll
stick right by and give her most of the
dope myself. You know I've always
done that"
Pat looked his gratitude.
"And another thing, Pat don't for
get you've got to put up with this in
terviewing. It's part of your business.
It's big advertising, and it comes free.
We can't buy it It Interests people,
draws the crowds, and It's crowds that
pile up the gate receipts."
He stopped and listened, then looked
at his watch. "I think that's her now.
I'll go and get her and bring her in.
I'll tip it off to her to cut it short, you
know, and it won't take long." He
turned in the doorway. "And be de
cent Pat Don't shut up like a clam.
Talk a bit to her when she asks you
questions."
Pat put the sonnets on the table,
took up a newspaper and was appar
ently deep in its contents when the
two entered the room and he stood up.
The meeting was a mutual shock.
When blue eyes met gray it was al
most as if the man and the woman
shouted triumphantly to each other, as
if each had found something sought
and unexpected. But this was for the
instant only.
Each had anticipated in the other
something so totally different that the
next moment the clear cry of recogni
tion gave way to confusion.
As Is the way of women, she was
the first to achieve control, and she
did it without having given any out
ward sign that she had ever lost it
She advanced most of the distance
across the floor to meet Glendon. As
for him, he scarcely knew how he
stumbled through the introduction.
Here was a woman—a woman. He
had not known that such a creature
could exist The few women he had
noticed had never prefigured this. He
wondered what old Pat's judgment
would have been of her If she was the
sort he had. recommended to hang on
to with both his hands.
He discovered that in some way he
was holding her hand. He looked at
It curious and fascinated, -marveling
at Its fragility.
She, on the other hand, had proceed
ed to obliterate the echoes of that first
clear call. It had .been a peculiar ex
perience?, that was all, this sudden out
rush of her toward this strange man.
For was not he the abysmal brute
of .the prize. ring, the great fighting,
stupid balk of a male animal who
hammered up his fellow males of the
same stiipld order? She smiled at the
way he continued to hold her hand.
"I'll have it back, please, Mr. Glen
don," she said. "I—I really need It
you know."
He looked at her blankly, followed
her gaze to her imprisoned hand, and
dropped it in a rush of awkwardness
that sent the blood in a manifest blush
to his face.
She noted the blush, and the thought
came to her that he did not seem quite
the, uncouth brute she bad pictured.
She could not conceive of a brute
blushing at anything:
And also, she found* herself pleased
with the fact that he lacked the easy
gftbnes* to murmur an apology. But
AV.APmLa.tH4
mmmm
the way/he, devoured her with bis
oyer ^disconcerting.
He stared at her as if In a trance,
while ftls cheeks flushed even more
wdly.^ 1/1.
Stubener by this time bad fetched
a-chair for her, and Glendon auto
matically sank down into his.
"He's in fine shape, Miss Sangster.
In fine shape," the manager was say
ing. "That's right isn't it Pst? Never
felt better in your life?'
Glendon was bothered by this. His
brows contracted In a troubled way,
and he" made no reply.
"I've' wanted to meet you for a long
time, Mr. Glendon," Miss Sangster
"I'll have it back, please, Mr. Glendon,"
she said.
said. "I never interviewed a pugilist
before, so if I don't go about it ex
pertly you'll forgive me, I am sure."
"Maybe you'd better start in by
seeing him in action," was the
mantives
ager's suggestion. "While he's getting
into his fighting togs I can tell you
a lot about him—fresh stuff too. We'll
call in Walsh. Pat, and go a couple of
rounds."
"We'll do nothing of the sort," Glen
don growled roughly, in just the way
an abysmal brute should. "Co ahead
with the interview."
The business went ahead unsatis
factorily. Stubener did most of the
talking and suggesting, which was
sufficient to Irritate Maud Sangster.
while Pat volunteered nothing.
She studied his fine countenance, the
eyes clear blue and wide apart, the
well modeled, almost aquiline, nose,
the firm, chaste lips that were sweet
in a masculine way in their curl at
the corners and that gave no hint of
any sullenness.
It was a baffling personality, she con
cluded, If what the papers said of him
was so. In vain she sought for ear
marks of the brute. And in vain she
attempted to establish contacts.
l^Of, o^rthing, she knew too little
about prizefighters and the ring, and
whenever she opened up a lead it was
promptly snatched away by the infor
mation oozing Stubener.
"It must be most interesting, this
life of a pugilist," she said once, add
ing with a sigh: "I wish I knew more
about it Tell me, why do you fight?
Oh, aside from money reasons." (This
latter to forestall Stubener.) "Do you
enjoy fighting? Are you stirred by it
by pitting yourself against other men?
I hardly know how to express what I
mean, so you must be patient with
me."
Pat and Stubener began speaking to
gether, but for once Pat bore bis man
ager down.
"I didn't care for it at first"
"Yousee, it was too dead easy for
him," Stubeher interrupted.
"But later," Pat went on, "when I
encountered the better fighters, the
real big, clever ones, where I was
more"—
"On your mettle," she suggested.
"Yes, that's it more on my mettle.
I found I did care for it—a great deal,
in fact But still it's not so absorbing
to me as it might be. You see, while
each battle is a sort of problem which
must work out with my wits and
muscle, yet to me the issue Is never in
doubt"
"He's never had a fight go to a de
cision," Stubener proclaimed. "He's
won every battle by the knockout
route."
"And it's this certainty of the oat
come that robs it of what I Imagine
must be its finest thrills,"' Pat con
cluded. S -5~
"Maybe you'll get sonic of them
thrills' when you go np against Jim
Hanford," said the manager.
Pat smiled, but did not speak.
"Tell me some more she urged—
"more about the way you feel when
you are fighting."
And then Pat amazed his manager.
Miss Sangster and himself by blurting
out:.
"It seems to me I don't want to talk
with you on such things. Its as if
there are things more important for
yon and me to talk About I"—
He stopped abruptly, aware of what
bewaq saying, but unaware of why
he was saying it ,.
"Yes," she cried eagerly. *Thatfalt
That is what makes a good interview
—the real personality, you know."
But Pat remained tongue tied, and
Stubener wandered away on a statis
tical comparison of his champion's
weights, measurements and expan
sions with those of Sandow, the Ter
rible Turk, Jeffries and the other mod
ern strong men. This was of little in
terest to Maud Sangster. and she
showed that she was bored. Her eyes
chanced to rest on the sonnets. She
picked* the book up and glanced in
quiringly at Stubener.
"That's Pat's." he Aid. "He goes in
for that kind of stuff and color photog
raphy and art exhibits and such
filings. But for heaven's sake don't
publish anything about it It would
ruinThis jgggitgtflon."
V- »J- C?©" be continued)
Eted gnough. 3y%
*F&t&'*m^^*tim bir:
vfth that Don't insist on
j^lso^V-Petroft Free Press.
&
OF INTEREST TO
SCANDINAVIANS
*"-F
News Gathered in the Father
land and Elsewhere.
REASONS FOR MORE DEFENSES
Situation In Sweden Clearly Set Forth
In Article by Swedish Writer—Offi-
cial Announcement Made at Chris-
tlania of the Postponement of
Amundsen's Proposed Trip to North
Pole—Europe's Most Distinguished
Rulers to Visit Denmark This Year.
a a a a a a
SWEDEN.
The more mature comment of the
extraordinary situation in Sweden
growing out of fear of Russian ag
gression is represented fairly by an
article in La Revue by a Swedish
writer, a translation of which appears
in the last issue of the American Re
view of Reviews and reads in part
as follows:' "We do not doubt the
good will of the ciar of Russia to
preserve the peace with us. We do
not believe that Russia harbors any
aggressive intentions toward us, but
what guarantee is there that her
feelings toward us may not change?
There is also great danger that Swe
den may be drawn into a European
conflict—when not only Russia but
other powers might attempt to occupy
strategic points on- Swedish territory
It is against these two great dangers
that Sweden. Intends to defend it
self. The movement towards greater
means of defense dates further back
than the election of 1911. It had its
beginning in the Finnish question.
We do not wish to enter into the mo
of Russian policy in Finland
and we will go so far as to say that
that is Russia's business—although
we have the greatest sympathy for
the country to which years ago Swe
den gave her civilization and cul
ture. Strategic measures were pos
sibly the reason for massing in Fin
land such formidable armaments—to
prevent, if need be, Germany from
landing its troops there and making
its way to St. Petersburg. Be that
as it may, the display of such military
activity in the proximity of the Swed
ish coast was not calculated to pre
serve Sweden's peace of mind. We
will only recall in passing the fact
that Russia is suspected of the in
tention of expanding towards the
North Atlantic through Sweden and
Norway. We doubt it Russia would
hardly find it an advantage to pur
sue such a policy of expansion at the
risk of making enemies of Sweden
and Norway, who could call to arms
665,000 men between them. Count
Reventlow, the German military writ
er, said recently: 'RussiaVJn Its. en
deavor to expand toward the ocean,
will have to submit to the law of
greatest resistance. Russia will have
to stop when she finds resistance too
well, organized and too dangerous.'
And Count Reventlow's opinion is one
more reason for pursuing our policy
of greater defense. But the strong
est reason and argument for this pol
icy is the danger, not to say certain
ty, of Sweden being drawn against
her will into a European conflict if
she is not strong.enough to resist any
attempt at violating her territory.
The attempt may be made, not so
much, perhaps, to attain strategic
points for military operations, as to
draw Sweden into a conflict which
would result in Sweden becoming the
ransom of peace."
King Gustavo passed successfully
through an operation for an ulcer of
the stomach April 10. Latest bulle
tins state that the king 'is resting
easy and doing very satisfactorily.
The operation was performed by Pro
fessor Wilhelm Fleiner, the special
ist, who was called from Heidelberg
university. The queen of Sweden,
the crown prince and crown princess,
Prince Eugen, the prime minister, the
foreign minister and the marshal of
the kingdom were present at the So
fia hospital during the operation.
Crown Prince Gustavus Adolphus is
acting as regent
The third automobile factory in
Sweden will soon be started in Stock
holm. A capital of one and a half mil
lion crowns has been subscribed by
some of the foremost financiers.
Among others mentioned as interest
ed In the factory are Civil Engineer
Skanberg and Eric Swartz. The Bel
gian automobile constructor, Vivinus,
has been engaged to superintend the
factory and the new machines are
expected to be placed on the market
this fall.
4» 4» _+"•'.-
Dr. Sven Hedin has published his
"Second Warning" dealing with the
nation's defense and not less than
1,000,000 copies have already been
circulated throughout the country.
The warning is couched in fervent
stirring and patriotic language and
may well be regarded a literary gem.
-.«"-,', .*
About 60 per cent of the public
school teachers of Stockholm sent a
telegram to the king encouraging him
in his efforts to. strengthen the de
fenses of the country and wishing
him success in his work. -""..-,.
NORWAY. 4
Official announcement was made
Chrlstiania of the jpostponement
\S iiiLriiis Plumbing
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htanatiori
a year of Captain Roald Amundsen's
expedition to the North polar regions.
The Fram has been recalled to Chrls
tiania and explorers -are inclined to
believe that the plans for the expedi
tion will never be carried out, bo
cause of the apparent Impossibility oi
raising the extra $200,000 needed
Since Peary reached the North pole
and Amundsen the South pole public
Interest in polar explorations appears
to have cooled off considerably. Cap
tain Amundsen is bitterly disappoint
ed at the delay, as he had made care
ful arrangements for the expedition
He will ask the Norwegian storthing,
in view of the extraordinary predica
ment of the expedition, to make
grant of the necessary money to keep,
it alive, but owing to the heavy state
budget it is doubtful whether he can
procure the appropriation. If his ap
peal to the government fails the cap
tain declared the expedition will b«
given up. Inability of the Fram tc
complete the trip around Cape 'Horn
in time to leave San Francisco July 1
really is responsible for the postpone
ment The slow progress of the Fram
made this early start impossible,- sc
Captain Amundsen considered that
good judgment dictates a year's post
ponement The Fram has therefore
been ordered back to Norway, where
she will be thoroughly overhauled.
Newspaper dispatches state thai
Harvard T. Askeland of Minneapolis
who went to Norway last Decembei
to be private secretary to the new
American minister, Albert Schmede
man of Madison, Wis., found he had
no position when he arrived In Chris
tiaaia. Dispatches further state that
Schmedeman has refused to put Aske
land on the payroll, though there is
a difference of opinion regarding the
motive for this act One report It
that Schmedeman employed Askeland
while he was of the opinion that the
United States government paid the
salary of private secretary, confusing
"private secretary" with the "secre
tary of the legation that when he
reached Chrlstiania he found there
was no fund to pay a private secre
tary and he decided he could not af
ford to pay a private secretary out
of his own salary. Friends close to
Askeland declare that Schmedeman
made the deal with Askeland with full
knowledge that the minister would
have to pay his private secretary
that Schmedeman cannot speak Nor
wegian .and thought he would need a
private secretary that could speak the
language that he found when he ar
rived in Chrlstiania that nearly every
body with whom he had official deal
ings spoke English and that he would
not need a Norwegian •peaking secre
tary. ._/•:
4 ./'
A staunch defender of the old the
ology was Rev. Ole O. Barman of
Aaselund, Norway. He died recently
at the age of ninety-seven years. By
teaching and other work he succeeded
in finishing his studies at the age of
thirty-three years. He continued the
work of teaching until 1$61, when he
Was appointed pastor in Snnnelven.
He retired from-the active ministry in
1890, but took a warm interest in
modern thought to bis end.
The national debt of Norway June
30, 1913, was 362,743,499 crowns (one
crown *hefng about 27 cents). This
makes about |40 for every inhabitant
In Sweden the national debt amounts
to about $29, In Denmark about $34
per inhabitant The main reason why
Norway has a larger per capita debt
Is due chiefly to the fact that she has
built long railways tiarpugh mountain
ous districts. ?1 )"*"-".. ... T_,
vv. v^'-T
Norway is divided into six dioceses,
each presided over by a bishop. Fifty
years ago the Chrlstiania diocese was
divided, forming a'new one known
as the Hamar diocese. This was the
last one formed and Is the smallest
DENMARK.
American visitors to Denmark next
summer^rnay have an opportunity of
seeing tbe:4most distinguished rulers
of Europe^ King George of England
and* President Polncare of Franc* ere
jnmmet to return
vi ,:^'r
CUCCESSFULfarmersarenolonger
asking, "Shall I buy an engine?"
They have passed that point and now in
quire, Which engine shall I buy?"
A little careful observation will show that Inter
national Harvester engines aimthe most satisfactory.
No doubt is left when features like the following are
studied: Detachable valve guides, offset cylinder
head, fuel pump, split-hub fly-wheels, extra large
intake and exhaust valves, etc.
Ask the men who have used I engines. That
is the best test They will explain the excellence of
IHC construction,simplicity,strengthand durability.
Study the engines yourself at the nearest dealer's
where International Harvester *ngi«y are sold.
They are made in all styles, and range in sise from
1 to 50-H. P. They operato on low and high grade
fuels.
WriteforonriiitereBiingandiiisUui^vecatalogucs,
and when we send them we will tell yon where the
engines may be teen. A postal will do.
Minneapolis Mum*
Emperor William of Germany may
also be expected in return for the trip
which the Danish king and queen
made last year to Berlin.
It is stated on good authority that
William Jennings Bryan was vicibly
'disappointed when informed by cor
respondents of the rejection by the
Danes of the Bryan arbitration treaty
arranged between the United States
and Denmark. The state department
was without official advices and the
secretary admitted his first informa
tion came from the newspaper reports
from Copenhagen. The Danish position
marks the first of the Bryan treaties
to be turned down.
•fr *f
The Roskilde cathedral church In
Denmark has been made the recipient
of a large illustrated and specially
ornamented Bible which at one time
belonged to Fredrick n. It dates from
the year 1589. The illustrations are
those of Professor Joachim Skovgaard.
MARION S. NORELIUS.
J0HN P. MITCHEL
Mayor of New York Escapes
Injury at Assassin's Hands.
by American Press Association.
THAW REMAINS I
N CUSTODY
Secures Writ of Habeas Corpus, but
Case Will Be Appealed.
Concord, N. ~H., April 15.—The de
mand for a writ of habeas corpus by
Harry K. Thaw, fugitive from Mattea
wan, N. Y., was upheld by Judge Ed
gar W. Aldrich.
The court made no formal order to
discharge the prisoner, but will give
New York state ample time to per
fect its appeal to the United States
supreme court
SOUR, ACID STOMACHS,
6ASES OR
nrojoETOQN
Each "Pape's Dlapepsin" digests SOW
grains food, ending all stomach.
misery in five minutes.
Time it! In five minutes all stom
ach distress will go.
heartburn, sobrness or belching
gas, acid, or eructations'of undigested^
food, no disauess. bloating foulJ
breath or headache.
1
^&r?J
r--
*^2|-
^$r
Ho mdlgestlon,^ -'33
Pape's Dlapepsin la noted for its
speed in regulating upset stomachs.
It Is the surest, quickest stomach rem- '.
edy in the whole world and besides it
is harmless. Put an end to stomach
trouble forever by getting a large
fifty-cent ease of Pape's Dlapepsin
fronuany drag store. Yon realise- in
live minutes how needless It is to suf
for from Indigestion dyspepsia or any
stomach disorder. It's the uulckest,
surest and moat harmless stomach
doctor in the world.
4*'*3?
—tflia-. r. I -ft** ,.
iilinr's Plumbme
Com! Pimrhin