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Rinding" Twitje- 74® Gasoline Delivei at your door. *&*&( It is to the interest of every Farmer to get pure, good twine. We handle the best for the lnwestj'prices and guarantee the goods, Binders and moWef$. Do not fail to call on us before you buy machinery of this sort, We car ry machines that have a world-wide reputation. farm machinery. There is not a machine store in town that can give you better goods and better bargains. KLOSSNER & MUELLER. f^%^%W%W%%%%^W^V E W E S JEWELS JEWELS WALL PAPER WALL PAPER. WALLPAPER. WAGNER & SAVEREIR AGENTS COLUMBIA BICYCLES, A Letter Worth Reading. 3*WQ ha^e'au abestos oven] jL thus allowing no heat^j to escape in the room have horizontal brass tanks with strainer. have brass pipes burner drums. and are the best bakers in the world. JEWELS took the price at the world's fair. JEWELS IOOK athetm. J. B. ARNOLD. WALL PAPER. WALL PAPER. •wi.'bs.eV&sajfc "After a series of tests at our Elizabethport factory, extending over a period of several months, we have decided to use the Willimantic Star Thread believing it to be the best Spool Cotton now in the market and strongly recommend itto all agents, purchasers, and users of the SingerMachines.'* 'THE SINpER MANUFACTURING COMPANY." -s£Send 24 cents and receive six spoolsof thread, any color or number, together with four bobbins for your machine, ready wound, and an interesting book on thread and *, £jgit sewing, Free. Be sure and mention thename and number of your machine. Jj&J ^HLLIMANTIC THREAD CO., wmimantic, conn! IZZLE! Government Ownership of Kail ways Would Be Just That. Beware the People's Party Bargain Table, For Their Brand New Schemes Have Been Weighed and Found Wanting, Times Without Number, Years and Years A go An examination of the financial prob lem involved in the government owner ship and operation of railroads hat shown that it would bankrupt the credit of this country if attempted and that the entire net earnings of the road under the present system, which are presumab larger than they would be under the less economical system ol public management, would be insuffi cient to pay the lowest rate of interest at which bonds could be floated, or an amount equivalent to the sum for which they could be condemned under the law of eminent domain, or bought at private sale. This will seem to determine, from one direction, the total impracticability of the Popuhstic idea of the nationaliza tion of railroads. It has proved to be just as undesirable by another mass ot conclusive testimony drawn from the experience of govornments which have already engaged in the business. Beware of the Peoples Part Political Bargain Table. It is common to all the novelties ex posed by the Peoples party on the polit ical bargain table, that they ignore the facts of past human experience. Any body would think, for instance, to listen to Populist speeches and to read Popu list campaign documents that the free coinage of silver was a brand new scheme, evolved from somebody's brain within the last year or two, and de pendent upon theory for acceptance or rejection. The fact is, to the contrary, as every moderately well informed per son is aware, that the Populist idea ot money and what can be done with it, is as old as money itself and that the ex periment which they are anxious to try has been tried hundreds of times an 1 has ended in failure, panic and utter business ruin, without a single excep tion. One would suppose in like manner that the national ownership and con trol of railroads was a beautiful inven tion of late date, and that we would have to experiment with it before we could determine just how it would work in practice. On the contrary, there is abundant information, easily obtainable from current and standard works on the railroad question, and also from a recent official publication of the United States government, to teach us how state ownership has worked in other parts of the world. Facts About Government Ownership ot Railroads. I is true thac no important govern ments have adopted the system in its entirety. The results of a partial adop tion ot it have not been satisfactory enough for that. Only two governments in the world, Egypt and Nicaragua, with a total mileage of less than fourteen hundred miles, own and operate their entire railroad systems. Ten governments, including some of the most enlightened and freest people in the world, do not own or operate railways at all. Eighteen governments have a mixed system, part of the roads being owned by private companies and another part by the state. This system has been adopted most, largely on the continent of Europe, and seems to be perfectly well adapted to the monarchical and bureaucratic forms of government which flourish there. Three governments, Greece, Holland and Italy, own part of their railways but do not operate them at all. They are operated under lease by private companies. 1 will be seen that au immense ma jority of the railroad mileage of the world is uader private control. In Austria about 40 per cant of the railway mileage is owned, and about 73 per cent is operated by the state. In Bel gium three-fourths of the mileage is under state control, and railroad affairs are administered in connection with postofflces and telegraphs by a govern ment department. In Canada about one-tenth of the total mileage of 15,000 miles, is owned and controlled by the government. The Experience of France Should a Lesson. 2 he system in France is peculiar. After a very unsatisfactory experience, both with unrestricted private competi tion and state management, the terri tory of France was finally partitioned among six great companies. Each has a distr ct within wnich it alone is al lowed to do business, and competition is prohibited. In order to secure to the public adequate facilities, where private ownership is thus denied, it was neces sary for the government to give large encouragement and financial support to the roads. It has provided from 1750,000,000 to $1,000,000,000 of capital, or from one-fourth to one-third of the whole, and guarantees a large govern ment interest on the capital provided by private investors, at a rate ranging from the minimum of 7 per cent to the maximum of 13)£ per cent. About five sixths of the entire mileage of the re public is now operated under this sys tem. It was originally proposed to have the railroads of France nationalized, but the obvious necessity of enormous taxation to bring this about caused the scheme to be abandoned 10 years ago. Italy Went Into the Bailroad Basins** and. Failed. In Germany, national ownership re ceived a great impulse from the fact that the railways of Prussia were al ready under state control before the consolidation of the Empire. About 90 per oent of the whole mileage is now owned by the state. The experience of Italy is particularly instructive. Italy tried all the possible different methods of running roads, private control, publio control, mixed control and the leasing system. All these proving unsatisfactory, a publio investigation of the subject was ordered which is certainly the most exhaustive that has been made up to date. At the conclusion of this the following fixed system was finally adopted. An act was passed by which all or almost all of the Italian railways were consolidated in the hands of two com panies, which leased their lines from the state for it long term of years, and were left to work them for their own private interests. This system, which is practically the same as has been adopted by many cities with reference to their street railway service, has been practically satisfactory in Italy, as has also a similar system in operation in Holland. How Other Nations Have Treated Rail roads. While Great Britain does not own any of itsrailroads, the relation between the roads and public authority is very different there from what exists in the United States. Not only rates, but the building of new roads is carefully super vised by parliament and the result has been so well accepted by the people that a provision made 60 years ago for acquiring the roads has been allowed to die out without notice. In Russia 40 per cent of the railroad lines are owned and operated by the government, and most of the remainder are in receipt of subsidies. Financial Results of National Bailroad Management. We may turn now to the considera tion of the financial results of railroad management in the countries in which the roads are wholly or partly under government control, and compare these with the results in other countries where the railroads are entirely in pri vate hands. A very thorough investi gation of this point was made Europe in the year 1876. For that year the operating expenses amounted to the following per cent of gross income in the countries named: Public Roads. Germany 59 Austro-Hungary 7b Belgium 63 Denmark 71 Norway 74 Sweden 63 Private Management is Cheapest and Best. On the average, the running expenses of State roads amounted to 67 per cent and of private to 56 per cent of their gross income. On the basis of these facts, the French railroad commission declared in 1878 that the comparative study of these two systems of manage ment and the tables exhibiting its re sults, proved that everywhere, in Italy, Germany, Austria and Belgium, state managements had been more costly than private. The 1,500 miles of railroad operated by the Canadian government resulted in a loss of $600,000 in 1892. In only three years out of the last 20 have the government railways of the colony of Victoria yielded any profit. The report by the interstate commerce commission just published gives the per centage of interest paid on capital in vested in the roads of all the principal countries of the world. This interest rate is 4.1 per cent in the United King dom, 3.8 in France, 5.1 in Germany, 2.5 in Italy, 2.9 in Holland, 4.1 in Switzer land, 3.5 in the United States, 3.3 in Australia. Our Railroad Service Is the Cheapest and Best. But the fact is, and it is the most sig nificant fact so far brought tolight in this discussion, that our service is not only the best but by far the cheapest in the world. This does not stand to! reason, if we look at the matter merely as a theory. It is well known that the prices of everything, labor included, are far higher in the United/ States than anywhere in Europe. Our rail roads have cost a great deal,to build. Yet in spite of the greater! amount which has been paid for material and is constantly being paid out for labor here, the United States has immensely the cheapest service in the world. The first class passenger [rates in Great Britain, which correspond to our rates in this country, are 4.43 cents per mile, in France 3.86 cents, in Germany 3.10, in the United States but 2.12. Our average rate is almost as low as the rate for third class accommodations in France and in the United feingdom. The same is true of freight) rates, as shown by an official compilation from statistics given by Mulhall ahd by our interstate commission. OUT Freight Rates Are thekowest. A table giving the' average freight charge per ton per mile in a|l the coun tries 'of the world puts /the United States the lowest on the list, Its aver age freight rate is given at 1 cent per ton per mile, whioh is real consider ably more than the present charge and higher than the rate ha 3 been since 1888. The revenue per toniper mile in 1893 was less than .88 of cent. But even taking one cent as a Basis of com parison, this is about one-jhird of the average rate in the United Kingdom, less than one half that of] France and Austria, 75 per cent less than Germany, and 60 per oent less than that of Bel gium, Christian Indians ot /Dakota. CHEBKT CREEK, S. D., jjept. 39.—The 24th great annual conference of the Da kota Christian Indians has just been held here. There were present some 300 delegates, representing 18 Presby terian and 12 Congregational churches. The aggregate membership of these congregations is, in round numbers, 2,000. These churches are cared for by ministers, of whom 19 are Indiansi^ W. A. Hubbard. Don't you go to and U, Private Roads. 53 50 59 55 63 57 Only A S is the man HUBBARD & LARSON. Dealers in SHELF AND HEAVY HARDWARE StraightonWagons& Buggies, Carriages, Sleighs and. Spring-Wagons, diie of Fuller & Johnson Mfg. Co. goods such as Mowers, Rakes, Plows ett lu \~lI v° VVierimtti* city rail aniseed*, & Taylor & Minneapolis Engines & Separators, Hubei enqines ake yon prices even if you dont want to buy. Repairs for abovne always on hand. Pointers- eussmann For they will charge more to you. Who will sell as cheap as he can. I ...... A ASK YOUR GROCER FOR IT. 0 As regards Ladies' and Children's Jackets, for price and style we can not be beat. OLD RELIABLE POINTERS You will preceive this fact by visiting the store of Beussmann Bros, We handle only the best of hardware and in guns and other things are as well equipped as anyone in the city. We are constantly renovating and improving our stock and aim to give our patrons fair bargains and good goods. Fine cutlery a specialty. DRY GOODS, LADIES AND UEHTS URSEBWEAR. Hats and Caps. BLANKETS, FUR & OTHER OVERCOATS. Gen ts' and Boys9 Clothing. BALTRUSCH Angelina ..Float- CAN ALWAYS BE RELIED ON. NEW ULM ROLLER MILL COMPANY. Serve Exclusively to the 21,477,212 People admitted to the World's Fair Grounds. Universally accepted as the Leading Fin coffee of the World. aunorj»vffp} make3 an excellent drink, is pleasant 0 the taste and decidedly healthful. Su"* ,*3 Mi?»Bear in mind also that we lead in the^grocery and crociery line, You only have to visit the store to be convinced. Our aim: To sell the best-of everything.^*s ,y stn *jod* a in