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THIRTY-THIRD YEAR. REPORT OF THE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY ON RADIUM MINERALS Radium minerals are generally found in connec tion with granite masses—that is, in places where granite forms at least part of the rock -of the coun try. Most of the original radium minerals, such as uraninite, samarskite, and brannerite, are black and v’have a shiny fracture and a high specific gravity. "vTiese minerals are rarely found in commercially valuable quantities. Pitchblende, which has the same composition as uraninite and the same general appearance except that it shows no crystal form, oc curs in veins. It has been found in only a few places —in Bohemia, southern Saxony, Cornwall, and Gil pin County, Colo. When these "original minerals break down thru weathering other radium minerals are formed from them, such as autunite, tobernite, carnotite, and tyuyamunite. . The Most Abundant Radium Minerals. Carnotite and tyuyamunite are the most abund ant of these minerals and now furnish the bulk of the world’s radium. They can not be told apart by the eye, for both are of bright canary-yellow color and are powdery, finely crystalline, or, rarely, clay like in texture. Carnotite is a hydrous potassium uranium vandate. Tyuyamunite is similar in com position but contains lime instead of potash. The greatest known deposits of these two minerals are in southwestern Colorado and southeastern Utah, where both are associated with fossil wood and other vegetation in friable, porous, fine-grained sandstone. Small quantities of carnotite have been produced near Olary, South Australia. The only other depos its that yield tyuyamunite in notable quantity are those of Tyua-Muyun, in the Andiyan district, Ferg hana Government, central Asiatic Russia (Russian Turkestan), where tyuyamunite occurs with rich copper ores in a pipe in limestone. Tests of the Minerals. A drop of strong hydrochloric acid on either carnotite or tyuyaminite gives it at once a rich red dish-brown color, and the addition of a drop of water immediately changes the color to yellowish green. The reddish-brown color shows the presence of van- Wm. H. Parenteau, a Citizen for Fifty Years, Dies Wm. H. Parenteau, a resident of Central City for fifty years, died at his home on Eureka street last Friday morning of lobar pneu monia, following an illness of four years. He leaves a wife and two sons, Lysle, of- Ft. Russell, Wyo., and Roger, of Alaska. Ser vices were held at the residence Monday afternoon, Rev. A. G. Harrison, officiating. The body was taken to Denver Tuesday morning and buried with Masonic rites in Fairmount cemetery. Wm. H. Parenteau was born in Potosi, Wis., in 1849 and came to Gilpin county when 20 years of age. He entered the blacksmith shop of Gilbert & Morgan, where he learned the trade. He after wards took up mining and super intended several big properties, including the Gunnell for a per iod of eleven years. For two years he mined in the Black Hills coun try and was there at the time of the Custer massacre. Six years he served as deputy state mine in spector and due to tireless and faithful work, it was while acting in this capacity that his health commenced to fail. A steadfast Democrat, he was twice honored by his party with public office in the positions of county coroner and city alderman. He represent ed the county commissioners in the construction of the court house and saw to it that the con tractors fulfilled their contract to the letter and gave the county satisfaction. He also had the con tract for laying the main pipe line from Peck and Miners gulch es for the city’s water service. On June 23, 1880, Mr. Paren teau married Ettie V. Valentine and took his bride to live in the house he had built on Eureka street, which has since continued ns their home for thirty-nine years. Five children were born to the couple, only two now living. Two years .after his marriage, on Oct. 29th, 1882, Mr. Parenteau had a terrible experience with a wild animal that only a man of his strong nerve could have sur vived. He was out hunting for deer in the upper end of Boulder park when he encountered a big silver-tip bear and her cub. Be fore he had time to sight his gun, the bear knocked it from his hand and attacked him, forcing him to his knees and while he was in this position proceeded to tear his scalp with her teeth. He man aged to reach his hunting knife which was in a scabbard on his belt and while the bear had his head in her mouth, he stabbed her ten times in the stomach, fin ally drawing the knife and mak ing a long cut that released the THE GILPIN OBSERVER. blood, when the bear gave a long groan, picked her victim up in her front paws, threw him twenty feet away and then fell over dead. With the scalp hanging, the sight of one eye gone and the hand and knee injured, Mr. Parenteau grop ed his way thru the thick timber back to his horse, a distance of a mile and a half. The horse was frightened at the sight of the man and the smell of blood and it was with the utmost difficulty he was saddled. Mr. Parenteau was two miles or more from the saw mill at the foot of Jenny Lind gulch, where he rode for assist ance. The bear was skinned and the hide was made into a rug and kept by Mr. Parenteau. It is a fine specimen of a hide as the bear weighed 850 pounds, and has been seen and examined, and the interesting story heard by thous ands who have made a special trip to the Parenteau home to hear him relate how he killed the bear. Wm. H. Parenteau was one of the finest citizens the county has had among the many sturdy pion eers who figured so actively in the making of Colorado’s history. He was a man of force, practical ideas and a strong devotion to purpose. With him a public of fice was a public trust and any thing he undertook he prided him self in perfect accomplishment. Countless friends at home and thruout the state mourn his loss. Last Friday evening the home of Mrs. Ed. Lundquist was the scene of a birthday surprise party given in honor of Miss Viola Willis. Games were the chief en joyment of the evening. At the eleventh hour an elaborate lunch was served by the hostess. Each one enjoyed the lunch and declar ed it was the best. Among those present were: Misses Viola and Della Willis, Thelma Thomas and Phyllis Mc- Callister; Messrs. Fred Meyer, Gus Grutzmacher, George Fritz and Delbert Taylor, and Mr. and H. C. Willis and Mrs. Thomas Waters, of Pueblo. I am preparing the delinquent tax list for publication and the same will be given to the printer on the 23d day of October. All those in arrears must settle before that date or their property will be advertised. No deviation will be made from this rule. HENRY P. ALTVATER, County Treasurer. Central City, Colo., Oct. 16, 1919. Fruits at Hawley’s. CENTRAL CITY, GILPIN COUNTY, COLORADO, THURSDAY. OCTOBER 23rd, 1919, adium, and the yellowish-green color the presence of uranium, for if vanadium alone were present the color would be clear green or bluish green. Iron, however, may interfere with the test, producing a color that covers or masks the others. Surer tests may be made either with an electroscope or with a photographic plate. If a piece of radium-bearing ore is placed on a plate holder containing a sensitiz ed plate with only the cover of the plate holder be tween the specimen and the sensitive film of the plate, the plate will be “light struck” in from 24 hours to 4 or 5 days, the length of time consumed depending on the richness of the specimen. Speci mens should never be placed on the plate itself, be cause the pressure of the specimen will give an ef fect that simulates light striking. This test may be made with other uranium minerals to which the acid test given would not be applicable. Commercial Form of Radium. Radium is a metal and is described as having a white metallic luster. It has been isolated only once or twice, and few persons have seen it. It is ordinar ily obtained from its ores in the form of hydrous sulphate, chloride, or bromide, and it is in the form of these salts that it is usually sold and used. These are all white or nearly white substances, whose ap pearance is no more remarkable than that of com mon salt or baking powder. Radium, radium salts, and radium minerals are not generally luminescent. Tubes containing radium salts glow because they in clude impurities which the radiations from the rad ium cause to give light. Radium is found in nature in quantities so ex ceedingly small that it is never visible even when the material is examined with a microscope. Rad ium ore ordinarily carries only a small fraction of a grain of radium to the ton, and radium will never be found in large masses, because it is formed by the decay of uranium, a process that is wonderfully slow; and radium itself decays and changes to other elements so rapidly that it does not accumulate nat urally in visible masses. Birthday Party Notice Revenue Officers Raid Still at Baltimore Revenue officers from Denver picked up a moonshine still at Baltimore in the northern end of the county, Tuesday afternoon. In the raid they found a big 100-gal lon copper still, an open air con denser and worm. Philip Shantz man and Harry Lapidus, who were at the still at the time were placed under arrest. The men have been placed in the Boulder county jail and the distilling ap paratus, consisting of a truck load, taken to Denver. According to federal officers who made the raid, the still was in operation at the time of their entrance. The two men were said to be making liquor from a sugar and yeast combination. Twelve gallons of the liquor were seized, together with 300 gallons of sy rup mash, 700 pounds of sugar and twenty pounds of yeast. The plant is capable of manufactur ing thirty-five gallons of liquor every twenty-four hours. Roosevelt Memorial Association The Roosevelt Memorial Asso ciation was formed to provide and secure funds to erect a suitable memorial to the memory of Theo dore Roosevelt. This is a non partisan movement in which men and women of all parties have an equal part. The memory of Mr. Roosevelt is the heritage of every American. Every citizen is in vited to assist in this movement so that we might have a numerical as well as financial success. The funds for the erection of this memorial are to be raised by a nation wide campaign during the week of October 20 to 27, and all contributions are to be in the form of a free-will offering. To secure the sum necessury for the erection of this memorial a nat ional, state and county organiza tion have been effected and each state and county given a quota based upon the Victory Loan quota. Gilpin county has been asked to raise SIOO and the follow ing committee has been appointed to act in Gilpin county: J. L. Dav is, Mrs. Edith Williams and L. J. Carter. Among the Masons from Cen tral who accompanied the remains of W. H. Parenteau to Denver Tuesday morning for burial, were C. O. Richards, George McFar lane, W. C. Matthews, Harry Eil mann, John Anderson, Louis Car ter, Arthur Taylor and C. I. Par sons. A large number’ of the Masons and friends of the deceas ed, formerly of Gilpin county but now residing in Denver, attended the services at the cemetery. Depot at Rollinsville Burglarized The depot at Rollinsville was broken into last Thursday night at about 12 o’clock by burglars who drove into the town in an auto. They took a Box of patent medicine, a good sized bundle of clothing, Oliver typewriter, pock et adding machine and a book of American Express company mon ey orders. They also took the steel strong box, containing S4OO worth of railway tickets, but no money. Sheriff R. A. Bass was summon ed Saturday morning and in com pany with Special Agent G. Grass ell.v, tracked the burglars by the tread of the auto tires to an old road on the south side of Man chester lake, where they found the strong box. It had been brok en into with a hammer and chisel taken from the gection house at Rollinsville. The car in which the men were riding was seen to pass thru Cen tral Thursday evening and Sher iff Bass passed it at Cold Spring as he was coming into town. The car would attract attention as it had only one light burning. While at Rollinsville the car was run up and down the road in front of Station Agent Randell’s house and was noticed by Mrs. Randell. The occupants of the car evidently were keeping a lookout for the station agent while their accom plices burglarized the depot. After pulling the trick at Roll insville the car was run to Boul der, where the gang broke into a commission house and took a quantity of flour and provisions. The members of the gang were familiar with the country. They drove up from Denver via Idaho Springs, and at Rollinsville seemed to know just where the station agent lived and the aban doned road they took to break in to the strong box. The sheriffs of Gilpin and Boulder counties are on the look out for the men, but have been un able to get the slightest clew as to the piiilty parties. Figure Out Mine Taxes Fred W. Bradley, president of the Bunker Hill & Sullivan com pany, has been appointed one of three mining engineers in the Un ited States representing the sil ver and gold industry, to help the government unravel the apparent ly hopeless tangle in which the mining industry is involved over the war tax and excess profits tax on mining properties. Few if any, of the producing companies have paid taxes since 1917, but are holding vast sums in reserve pending the government’s con clusions as to what amounts are due. The uncertainty of the amount to be paid, resulting from no clear interpretation of the law to guide the taxpayers, has caused millions of dollars to be held in reserve, much of which will go to the stockholders after the law is adjusted and the tax basis estab lished. Thruout the nation from this source the government will probably receive between SIOO,- 000,000 and $200,000,000. During 1917 the combined taxes of min ing, mineral and metal industries paid over $766,000,000, or 35.1 per cent of the total corporation taxes of the nation. The committee of 21 leading mining engineers and mining lawyers, which was named to straighten out the tangle and work out an equitable basis of federal taxation of mines, has representatives from each of the leading metal industries. Some idea of the magnitude of the mining industry can be gain ed from the amount of taxes it pays. From the standpoint of general prosperity in the west, the importance of establishing equitable taxation rulings for this industry cannot be overestimated. Opening sale on fall and win ter hats, one-fourth off, for one week, beginning Saturday, Oct. 25th. Complete assortment of dry goods, notions, etc. GOLDEN RULE. A horse belonging to A. A. Blood fell down the hay chute at the Williams barn Wednesday ev ening and some of the stalls had to be removed to get the animal out. Mr. and Mrs. O. J. Duffield left Wednesday for Denver. IN RUSSELL GULCH Mrs. W. H. Mellor and children spent Sunday in Denver. Dominick Svaldi returned from Denver Saturday, where he was under the doctor’s care. J. I. Perkins was a passenger to Denver Sunday, ailing with lum bago. Alex. Klien was over from Tab ernash Tuesday. Mrs. R. H. Rickard arrived from Tabernash on Wednesday, where she had been visiting two or three months. Mrs. Rose Hughes who was op erated on in Dtenver yesterday, is doing nicely. R. I, Hughes is building a wind break at the Becky Sharp. Miss Rosana Thomas and Mrs. C. A. Wagner attended the East ern Star Tuesday evening. Mrs. W. M. Kirk left Monday afternoon for Denver, where her sister, Mrs. Rose Hughes, former ly of Russell Gulch, will undergo an operation for ulceration of the stomach. A brother, Fred Knob loch, will arrive from Carson City, Nev. Jim, John and Will Grenfell and Tony Zancanella went out to North Clear Creek Sunday with the Kirk team and made a big kill ing of rabbits. Mrs. Nellie Nelson, of Cripple Creek, made a visit to old friends, in Russell Sunday. R. I. Hughes was in attendance at the Grand Encampment of Odd Fellows in Denver this week. Tax Levy for State Purposes The State Equilization Board has fixed the state levy for the year 1919 for all state purposes at 3.47 mills' on a total valuation of $1,495,044,029. The valuation for Gilpin county is $3,064,197. There is no change in the levy from 1918 which was fixed at 2.77 mills excepting the additional mill levy passed by the 22nd Gen eral Assembly for State Highway, Capitol Office Building, State Mil itary and Relief for the Adult Blind. The State Highway carries an additional .5 of a mill and now is one full mill. The mill levy of 0.12 for new office building now under course of construction, the 0.07 of a mill for Military and 0.01806 for Relief of the Adult Blind, which carries out the pro visions of the initiated constitu tional amendment voted on by the electors at the last general elec tion and the amount to be realized by the state to reimburse the counties one-half of such relief granted will approximate $27,- 000.00 for the year 1919. Cleaning Out National Tunnel The National Tunnel in Black Hawk is being cleaned out and put in a workable condition, but no information regarding the fu ture plans of operation is avail when this article was written. It is hoped that this large group of mining properties will be extensively operated in the near future. In this group is in cluded the famous Caledonia vein which produced some very rich ore in the early days. The pre J paratory work is being done by G. E. Bolander. Working the Cyclops Property Nels Nelson and a pool of men from Nederland are putting up a plant of machinery, consisting of boiler, engine and compressor on the Cyclops in the Hard Money district. They will sink a winze in the tunnel where there is a nice showing of silver-lead ore. The rapid advance in silver is causing a revival of the silver mines in the Hughesville and Hard Money districts and by spring a large number of proper ties that have long been idle will be operated. To the Public I have taken over the Central City hotel and shall conduct the same in a first-class manner, fur nishing both local and transient trade with the best of meals and accommodations. Your patronage is solicited. H. BERT JOHNSON. BUCK HUM NEWS Mr. and Mrs. Geo. E. Fritz came up from Denver Tuesday with their son, Vivian, who is a little better. • Phil. Rohling was up from Gol den between trains Monday. Frank Channing was a business visitor to Denver Tuesday, return ing Wednesday. Jake Ivriley came in from Tol land this week to visit a day or two with his brother before leav ing for Stockton, Kans., to spend the winter. Albert Hartman left Tuesday for Denver and will leave there today for his home in Vallejo, Cal. Thor. Crook left for Denver on Tuesday morning’s train as a del egate to the grand lodge of Odd Fellows. Mrs. Fred Rudolph came home Saturday from Washington. Her son. Will, of Kremmling met her in Denver and accompanied her home. Herman Hartman went to Den ver Tuesday to spend a few days in a lower altitude. Mrs. Frank Maughan and baby came up from Golden Wednesday evening to visit the Grutzmacher family. Gus Rudolph returned Satur day from Kremmling, where he had been for several months. A Call for 80,000 Census Enumerators Thg Director of the Census, Hon. Sam. L. Rogers, announces that 80,000 enumerators will be needed to take the next census. The work begins on January 2nd and will last about two weeks in cities, and a month or more in rural districts. Rates of pay will vary, depending upon the locality and character of the district to be canvassed. The average pay per enumerator at the census of 1910 was about S7O. At this coming census it will probably be not less than SIOO. “Active, intelligent, and reli able men and women, not less than 18 years of age, are needed for this task,” said Director Rog ers, “and, in a sense, this is a call for volunteers. The importance of a complete and reliable census, especially in these critical times when more than ever before per haps we need complete data re garding population, conditions, tendencies, and resources, can hardly be over-emphasized. The organization of the social and economic structure and the read justment of international rela tions necessitated by the war must be based on accurate know ledge if we are to act wisely and deal justly with all classes and all interests. It is hoped there fore, that the public-spirited en ergetic people thruout the coun try will volunteer to act as cen sus enumerators even tho they may not care for the positions so far as the pay is concerned. I should be sorry to think, and I do not believe, that all our patriot ism was used up by the war and none left over for public service in times of peace.” Wm. B. Hughes, Supervisor of the Census for the 3rd District of Colorado, which includes the counties of Alamosa, Baca, Bent, Costilla, Custer, Crowley, Las An imas, Powers, Kiowa, Otero, Pu eblo, Huerfano, Conejos, Rio Grande, Saguache, Mineral, Fre mont, Teller, Park, Jefferson, Clear Creek and Gilpin, states that he will need about 250 enum erators for this district. Appli cations or requests for applica tion forms should be sent to him at 402 C, Federal Bldg., Pueblo. As a test of their fitness for the work applicants will be re quired to fill out a sample sched ule and will be duly notified of the time and place for this test. So far as practicable the place sel ected will be one which is easily accessible. Dr. L. Glenn Cody, dentist of Denver, will be in Central City on Monday and Tuesday of each week at the office of Dr. Gs N. Towers. 6t Bart Parteli has a complete line of groceries, fruits, etc., and with light expense, can save you money. Give him a trial. 2t NUMBER 30.