The Saint Paul globe., December 20, 1897, Page 8, Image 8

About The Saint Paul globe. (St. Paul, Minn.) 1896-1905

Image provided by: Minnesota Historical Society; Saint Paul, MN

                
8
BEHIND THE BARS
ARE EXECUTIVE SESSIONS OF THE
UNITED STATES SENATE
HELD.
SECRETS CLOSELY GUARDED.
DIPLOMATIC QIESTIOXS DISCUSSED
WHICH SHOILD NOT BE
MADE PUBLIC.
THE FIB.ST SESSIONS WERE OPEN.
Bonn- Interesting Communications
In the Early Da>n of the
Republic.
Bprcial to the Globe.
WASHINGTON. Dec. 18.— The execu
tive sessions of the senate are, and al
ways have been, reclusively and seclu-
Bively si'Ciet. The doors are closed, and
all cowans and eavesdroppers are kept
away by stern sentinels. In the year
1829, and in the year 1860 the senate
authorized the publication of the jour
r.als of executive sessions, and they
are interesting bits of history. In the
executive journal of the first two ses
sions of the senate there is nothing to
Ehow where the senate was located;
but the journal of the third session is
care-fully headed: "A Record of the
U. S. S., Assembled at Philadelphia,
December 6, 1790." In the journal for
Monday, Jan. 17, 1791, there is an In
teresting letter received from the king
of France and transmitted to the sen
ate by the president. The letter is ad
dressed "To our very dear friends and
allies, the pre-sident and members of
the general congress of the United
gtates of North America," and says:
"Very Dear Great Friends and Allies: We
have received the letter by which you In
form us of the new mark of confidence thai
you have shown to Mr. Jefferson, and which
puts a period to his appointment of minister
plenipotentiary at our court," followed by
complimonts tc- Jefferson and expressions of
friendship for the United States. It Is datfd
Paris, IKb September, 7190. and signed,
"Your good friend and ally, Louis Jlontmor
im."
Once did Washington condescend to
date a communication from Philadel
phia, It was marked "Philadelphia,
March 1, 1791," and it was addressed to
the president of the senate, calling the
senate together in the senate chamber
in Philadelphia for the 4th of that
month. The business of the special ses
sion related to the nomination of Unit
ed States officials to put the federal
government into motion in the state of
Vermont, which became a part of the
Union on that day.
The journals of the executive sessions
of the senate are now kept by a gen
tleman who bears no special title; ex
cept that he Is a clerk in the office of
the secretary of the senate. For a num
ber of years there was an executive
clerk, whose special duty it was to pre
pare and preserve the journal of the
executive proceedings, but that office
has been abolished. The last Incum
bent of the office was James Rankin
Young, of Philadelphia, now an honor
ed member of the house of representa
tives. Mr. Young held that office for
a. number of years, and his official rec
ord Is most honorable and praise
worthy. Executive secrets of national
and international interest were con
flded to him; and they were safer with
him than they were with some sen
ators. His Journals may not be pub
lished for a generation; but they will
be found to be In keeping with his
character for painstaking attention to
detail. It Is fair to presume that they
■Will be found to be more elaborate and
possessive of more literary finish than
«ny of the Journals of his predecessors,
Hot one of whom obtained literary rep
utation.
The first publication of the executive
Journals of the senate was in 1829, when
the book was printed In Washington by
jDuff Green, under a resolution passed
by the senate on April i, 1828, as fol
lows:
Reeiolved, That the entire executive journal
frf the senate, from the commencement of
the federal government to the close of the
last session of the senate, be printed and pub
liahed.
Resolved, That the said Journal be printed
under the direction of the secretary of the
•enato, who shall cause a suitable index to be
mado and printed with each volume and that
700 copies be printed.
Owing to the small number of copies
printed the publication has never be
come a common one, and at this late
day a copy of it is rarely seen. There
is a well-worn copy of it in the office
of the secretary of the senate and it
would be difficult to imagine anything
more interesting in the way of political
reading that a look through that Jour
nal.
The first executive communication re
ceived by the senate bore the signature
of Geo. Washington (as he always
wrote himself down) and was delivered
into the hands of the vice president
by Gen. Knox, secretary of war. Its ob
ject was to lay before the senate some
treaties which had been made under
the official superintendence of Gen.
Knox with several tribes of Northern
and Northwestern Indians. The mes
sage began, "Gentleman of the Sen
ate," and closed simply with the sig
nature of "Geo. Washington," without
any complimentary flourishes or quali
fications whatever, and was dated New
York, May 25, 1789," which was the in
variable form of such documents.
The second executive message was
delivered June 8, 1789, by Mr. Jay, not
secretary of state, but "Secretary of the
United States for the Department of
Foreign Affairs," who wrote himself
down as hailing from the "Office of
Foreign Affairs." It related to the con
vention between his most Christian
majesty (the king of France) and the
United States, for the purpose of deter
mining and fixing the functions and
prerogatives of their respective consuls,
agents and commissaries.
Only in one of hise xecutiveCommuni
cations did the Father of His Country
ELGIN
Full
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Most appropriate Christmas gifts.
Your dealer will tell you in
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An Elgin watch always has the
word "Elgin" engraved on the
works.— fully guaranteed.
ELOIN NATIONAL WATCH CO.,
Elgin, 111.
write after his name "President of the
United States," and that was his sec
ond communication. But in September,
1789, New York got too small for him,
and thereafter he dated his communi
cations not from New York, but from
the "United States." His last execu
tive communication from New York
was dated Sept. 11, and his first from
the "United States" was dated Sept. 16,
1789.
The nomination Dec. 22, 1791, of Gov.
Morris, of New York, to be minister of
France; of Thomas Pinckney, of South
Carolina, to be minister of London; and
of William Short, of Virginia, to be
minister to the Hague; led to the pro
longed contest in the senate on a mo
tion "that in the opinion of the senate
it would not be for the interest of the
United States to appoint ministers plen
ipotentiary to reside permanently at
foreign courts," but in the end the
nominations were all confirmed.
It would appear occasionally that
Washington found it desirable "to turn
the rascals out," for occasionally In
their records of nominations is such a
line as this: "John Armistead, to be
surveyor of the port of Plymouth, in
North Carolina, vice Thomas Davis
Freeman, suspended " and in the army,
"Cornelius Lyman, captain, vice Platt,
cashiered." If the Father of His
Country could not tell a lie he could
make a mistake now and then, as wit
ness his own confession in this letter:
United States, Feb. 28, 1793— Gentlemen of
the Senate: 1 was led by consideration of
the qualifications of William Patterson, of
New Jersey, to nominate him an associate
justice of the supreme court of the United
States. It has since occurred to me that he
was a member of the senate when the law
creating that office was passed, and that the
time for which he was elected is not yet
expired. I think it my duty, therefore, to
declare that I deem the nomination to have
been null by the Constitution. -
Modern presidents constantly violate i
the constitution and with impunity, j
The organic law provides that the ■
president shall make certain appoint- j
ments with "the advice and consent of
the senate." The appointments still
require the "consent" of the senate, j
but it has been many a long day since j
a president has respected the consti- :
tution by requesting the "advice" of
the senate. As a matter of fact, Pres
ident Cleveland made many appoint- i
ments and held his men in office, !
without the "consent" of the senate.
As a well-known example, he appoint
ed a colored man, named Matthews,
to be recorder of deeds for the District j
of Columbia when the senate was not j
in session. When Matthews was re
jected by the senate, he held the oliice
just the same, until the senate ad
journed, when Cleveland again ap
pointed him.
In the case of David G. Browne, who
was made collector of customs for
Montana, President Cleveland hold
him in office for three years, although
the senate declined to confirm his
nomination. This was because one
senator alone prevented action in the
case. Nevertheless, it was not in ac
cordance with the spirit of the con
stitution, as it was understood by
Washington.
To prove this assertion, we may turn
to the published executive journal and j
ascertain that one of the first nomina- i
tions which "Washington sent to the
senate was that of a gentleman to
take charge of the affairs of the
United States at the court of France,
during the absence from there of our
minister, Mr. Jefferson, who had ap- |
plied for permission to return home
for a few months. In his message
Washington said: "For this purpose
I nominate William Short, Esq., and
request your advice on the propriety of
appointing him." A decision in the
senate as to whether nominations
should be voted upon by ballot or by
viva voce was decided in favor of bal
lot and on June 18, 1789, the seriate re
solved to "advise and consent" to the
appointment of Mr. Short, and the
resolution was ordered to be trans
mitted to Mr. Jay for communication.
The Becetary to the president never
goes to the senate now-a-days. On
the contrary, for many years an ex
ecutive clerk has delivered to the sen
ate all messages from the White
house. O. L. Pruden, who was pri
vate secretary to President Hayes,
fulfills that function.
It is recorded that on Aug. 3, 1789,
Mr. Lear, the president's private sec
etary, first appeared as the president's
messenger to the senate. He con
veyed the nominations of a number
of collectors, naval officers, and sur
veyors; and as several applications
for appointments had been addressed
conjointly to the president and the
senate, the president at the same time
sent all such applications to the sen
ate for their information. When these
nominations were confirmed the action
of the senate was communicated di
rectly by the secretary of the senate
to the president of the United States
Instead of through the head of the
department, as in the previous case of
Mr. Short.
The president of the United States
never visits the senate chamber, al
though It was contemplated by the
constitution that he should do so.
George Washington understood the
constitution and was imbued with Its
letter and spirit. The senate journal
for Aug. 22, 1789, contains the following
entry:
"The president of the United States
came Into the senate chamber attend
ed by Gen. Knox, and laid before the
senate the following state of facts,
with the questions thereto annexed for
their advice and consent."
The state of facts related to the trou
blesome Indian problem. On Monday,
Aug. 22, 1789, the president was also
present in the senate chamber, attend
ed by Gen. Knox, of the war office,
while the senate discussed and voted
upon various questions Involved in the
negotiations with the Indians.
When President McKinley was Inau
gurated he received the oath of office
and delivered his address from the sen
ate wing of the capitol, because the
senate committee on rules decided that
the inauguration of the president was
an executive function. That was usur
patory and violative of the spirit of
the constitution, as it was understood
by the founders of this republic.
It is recorded in the executive jour
nal of the senate that when the time
came for John Adams to take the oath
of office as president. It was done in the
hall of the house of representatives in
stead of the senate chamber, which
had been employed by Washington. It
Is noticeable that in enumerating the
dignitaries present on the occasion of
Adams' inauguration the official record
alludes to "the great and good Wash
ington." In Adams' inaugural address
there Is one sentence which contains
five times as many words as Washing
ton's entire speech four years before,
and, strange to say, that very sentence
was devoted to telling his listeners that
he would endeavor to follow the ex
ample of Washington.
Like Washington, Adams adopted the
habit of dating his communications
from the United States. His first ex
ecutive communication to the senate,
delivered by his secretary, Mr. Mal
colm, said: "I nominate Joshua Sands,
of New York, to be collector of the
District of New York, vice John Lamb,
dismissed." The word "dismissed" had
never been used by Washington, but It
was often used by Adams.
In his second message he nominated
John Quincy Adams, of Massachusetts,
to be minister to Prussia.
On the 4th of March, 1801, it is noted
for the first time that the senate as
sembled In their chamber in the city
of Washington, which has been the
seat of government ever since. Adams
followed the example of Washington so
well that just once he, too, wrote after
his name the words, "President of the
United States." That was in the com
munication which he addressed to the
senate calling the special meeting on
March 4, 1801, to witness the inaugura
tion of the new president.
Jefferson's first message to the sen
ate, communicated March, 5, 1801, the
day after his inauguration is as fol
lows:
"Gentlemen of the Senate: The offices of
secretary of state, secretary of war, at
torney general of the United tSates, and min
ister plenipotentiary to the Republic of France
being vacant, I ncminate the following per
sons to them:
James Madison Jr, of Virginia to be sec-
THE SAINT PACT, GLOBE: MONDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1837.
retaxy of state; Henry Dearborn, ot Massa
chusetts, to be secretary of war; Levi Lin
coln, of Massachusetts, to be attorney gen
eral, of the United States.
""Robert R. Livingston, of New York, to be
minister plenipotentiary of the United States
to the Republic erf France.
As soon as these nominations were
confirmed the senate adjourned to meet
again in December. During the recess
Jefferson completed an entirely new
cabinet by appointing Albert Gallatin,
Robert Smith and Gideon Granger to
be, respectively, secretary of the treas
ury secretary of navy and postmaster
general. At that time there was only
six departments, that of the Interior
not yet having been organized. The
members of Adams' cabinet are record
ed by Jefferson as having resigned.
But the members of Washing-ton's cab
inet did not resign when John Adams
in 1797 became the president, and no
new cabinet officers were appointed.
Washington's advisers were retained by
Adams, but Jefferson selected his own.
Although he never said it, in so many
words, Thomas Jefferson was the first
president to emphasize his belief in the
doctrine that "to the victor belong the
spoils."
Before the conclusion of his term,
President Adams sent to the
senate the names of a num
ber of men whom he desired to
place in good offices. President
elect Jefferson exerted his influence to
prevent the confirmation of the favor
ites of President Adams; and they
were not confirmed.
In his message Jan. 6, 1802, President
Jefferson informs the senate of some
commissions he had Issued during the
recess, showing that twenty-three of
the commissions were issued to fill va
cancies caused by "removal," and
twenty-seven were to take the places
of gentlemen nominated by Adams in
the last days of his term as president,
but not confirmed by the senate.
The form in which these nominations
were communicated was like this:
"George Maxwell, of New Jersey, at
torney for district of New Jersey, vice
Frederick Frelingftuysen, nominated
March 2, but not appointed."Jefferson
attributed to the senate the function of
"appointment." The word now used is
"confirmation." All the offices which
Adams thus sought to fill with
his own favorites were good,
desirable offices, such as those
of United States attorney, the
United States marshal. In every case,
without exception, Jefferson brushed
aside the man named by Adams, and
gave the commission to a man of his
own selection.
This may be termed "Jeffersonian
simplicity," but it looked a little rank,
even to admirers of Jefferson. He had
nerve, detrmination of character; and
he believed that friends of the admin
istration should have preference. May
be Jefferson would't have done a thing
to the civil service law, this year, if it
had left a lot of Cleveland men in tha
best offices. — gmlth B. Fry.
HALF RATES TO CANADA
By the Soo Line.
First-class round trip tickets to all
Eastern Canadian points at single fare.
Montreal $27.50 For round trip.
Ottawa 27.50 For round trip.
Quebec 30.50 For round trip.
St. John's, N. 8.. 37.50 For round trip.
Halifax 42.00 For round trip.
Truro 41.35 For round trip.
Kingston 27.50 For round trip.
Toronto 23.90 For round trip.
For further information apply Soo
Line Ticket Office. 398 Robert street.
OBJECT TO THE RAISE.
Peculiar Conditions May Result In
a Strike of Potters.
TRENTON, N. J., Dec. 19.— The man
ufacturing potters and their employes
are still at odds over the matter of a
scale of wages to go into effect on
Christmas, the time when the manu
facturers promised they would restore
the 12% per cent cut made on the wages
of the men some time ago. The men do
not want a uniform 12% per cent raise
of the wages they are now getting, but
want modifications made to meet the
changes that have been made in the
matter of designs of certain lines of
gec-ds and the changes in the demand
for different goods. Several conferences
have been held without result, and the
men are threatening that unless a sat
isfactory result is agreed to by the
manufacturers by Friday, they will go
on strike. The manufacturers will hold
a conference on Tuesday.
. -«c»
Holiday Excursion Rates.
The Soo Line make the low rate of
one fare and a third for round trip to
New York, N. V., and points in New
England. Good leaving December 20th
to 24th, with return limit to January
11th. For further Information apply
Soo Line Ticket Office, 398 Robert
street.
PICKED UP A BOAT'S CREW.
Sailors From the Ranger Rescued
From a Barren Island.
SAN DIEGO, Cal., Dec. 19.— The four
masted British ship Roby, Capt. Jones,
arrived in port today 144 days from
London. Capt. Jones reports that last
Thursday morning, when off St. Nich
olas island, he was hailed by a crew
in distress. He hove to and sent off a
life-boat to the distressed men, who
were found to be five sailors and their
captain of the sloop Ranger. The lat
ter states that he was engaged in tak
ing supplies from San Pedro to St. Nich
olas, and that on the night of Dec.
9 the sloop dragged her anchor in a
fearful storm and went on the rocks a
total wreck, the crew escaping with
their lives only. All the men had been
without shelter for seven days and
were suffering greatly for food and
nourishment. They were taken on
board by Capt. Jones and shown every
attention.
0 ,|j J|k__
Sallle— l looked through the key hole last night when sister Mary and Mr. Staylate were in the parlor.
Nellie— What did you find out?
Bailie— The gas.
AS SEEfI IN LOfIDOJi
ANIMAL OP BARNUM AJVD BAILEY'S
SHOW CAUSES A RIPPLE OF
EXCITEMENT.
WILL LIKELY. MAKE A HIT.
STORY OF TBHE VOYAGE OVER, AS
TOLD BY A METROPOLITAN
TAPER.
ONE GIRAFFE BREAKS HIS NECK.
Animals Generally Stood tbe Voy
age, Although; a Few Died on
the Way.
Barnum and Bailey's greatest show
on earth, as it is called, is in a fair
way to make as big a hit in London
as did Buffalo Bill's wild West. Clar- j
ence L. Dean writes that the show will j
open its season at Olympia on Dec. 27 j
(Boxing day), and work is being rapidly
pushed on the building to get ready in ■
time. The preparations include the
building of a complete fireproof wall
and asbestos drop curtain between the
audience and the stage, the opening of ;
the proscenium being 365 feet long. This !
work has been undertaken to meet ob
jections of the London county council
to the biulding as it stood when rented
by Barnum & Bailey, and as it had
been for other exhibitions for the past
eight or ten years. It will delay the j
opening two weeks beyond the date j
originally fixed upon, but will make the ;
building one of the best in the world
for exhibitions of this kind. The fact
that Mr. Bailey immediately set about
this work, and showed perfect willing
ness to go to any expense to comply
with the wishes of the county council, j
has created a most favorable impres
sion in London. Mr. Dean encloses a
clipping from the London Daily Chroni- j
cle of Nov. 25, which devoted over a
column to the arrival of the show and
the incidents of the voyage. This says: i
It is betraying no secret of "LloyeVs ;
to say that the life insurance premiums
on giraffes, and particularly giraffes
which travel, have become so high as
to be practically prohibitive. The rea- |
son lies upon the surface. Only <t I
month or two ago the zoological gar- j
dens had to mourn the loss of a male |
giraffe which had been sent to the
queen by King Khama as a jubilee
present. He was, however, never fated !
to set foot on native British soil, for |
he died from general debility, occa- !
sioned by a prolonged fit of sea-sick
ness, Just as he was about to be taken
out of his cage and presented to his i
bride in the giraffe enclosure in Re
gent's park. That bride, now a widow,
some four and a half years of age, and
fifteen feet in height, has risen In
value since yesterday, according to the |
inexorable laws of commerce, because |
the decease of Daisy, one of the five i
living giraffes in captivity, was an
nounced yesterday on the arrival of
the Massachusetts, which is bringing a
portion of Barnum & Bailey's show into j
the Thames. She broke her neck, and
now there are four. This lamentable
and expensive accident — for Daisy was
valued at £1,000. and was the only
giraffe ever exhibited in the states—oc
curred when the vessel had left New
York but two days. On these the Mas
sachusetts encountered the only rougn
weather of the twelve days' voyage. A
sudden lurch, and Daisy was no more,
having broken her "pretty neck," as
the sorrowing keeper expressed it, in
two places. She was buried at sea, af
ter her skin had been removed. On
the whole, however, there were very
few casualties on the trip across the
Atlantic. Three draught horses and
two monkeys, a couchee-couhcee stal
lion, the most elebrated performing
horse in the collection. Eagle had had
a long distinguished career, having
been born in 1861. His earlier years
were spent in Germany, but for a con
siderable time he has supported the
show with a vigor which be'.ied his age.
Gravesend is a melancholy place at
most times; yesterday it was positively
appalling. A thick, dirty mist hung
over the rfver, the river itself looked
like a sewer in flood time, and the hoot
of the syren as some boat was feeling
her way up stream on the top of the
tide set the general effect to fitting mu
sic. A score e>r more of London jour
nalists had come down at a depressing
ly early hour to receive the Massachus
etts, which was expected off Garvesend
at 7 o'clock in the morning. It is my
experience that the expected vessel at
Gravesend generally happens to be at
least half a dozen hours late, and so it
was with the Masschusetts. Still there
was a thick fog in the channel and at
the mouth of the river, and as the boat
had as valuable a cargo on board as
can well be imagined — apart from bul
lion or diamonds-r-the skipper was not
prepared to take any risks. It was no
mean feat, indeed, to bring her to an
chorage off Gravesend by 2 o'clock,
though by that time the fog had lifted
a little.
She stood rather high In the water,
for lions and tigers and monkeys don't
make the best kind of ballast, and
having a good deal of top hamper in
the shape of the wagons and other
paraphernalia on deck she would prob-
A NATURAL CONSEQUENCE.
ably have rolled a good deal if the
blessing of calm weather had not ac
companied her during the greater part
of the voyage. The upper decks pre
sented an interesting scene as our
tender neared the Massachusetts; most
of the trainers, keepers, riders and so
forth were massed on the starboard
side of the vessel, about 250 in all, and
they cheered us and we cheered them;
the band on the bigger vessel struck
up "Hail, Columbia," and thy waved
little American flags and exchanged
greetings with their friends on the ten
der, who shouted facetious inquiries to
them. And at length we got aboard.
The steamer has been termed a "Noah's
Ark," and that is a good enough de
scription of her for advertisement pur
poses. Probably no vessel has ever
carried so many animals of so many
different varieties before. She has on
board thirty cages of wild animals,
nineteen elephants, 240 working horses,
13G ring horses, twenty-six ponies, elev
en camels and half a dozen zebras.
The collection of elephants in the
show is numerically strong, and in
gross tonnage remarkable. Besides
the nineteen on board the Massachu
setts eleven more have booked their
passages by another boat. The larg
est of them on the steamer which ar
rived yesterday were stewed in sta
bles situated in the fore and aft main
hatches. They have stood the voyage
remarkably well, in fact that was the
only thing possible, for there was not
sufficient room for them to lie down,
as is the habit of elephants when they
want a nap. Only once has it been
necessary to give any of them a, pick
me-up in the shape of a two-gallon
peg of rum; for the most part they
have been steadily engaged in dimin
ishing the 100 tons of hay which the
vessel carried. Old Fritz is the doyen
cf the elephantine staff. His fighting
weight is 12,580 pounds, some 280
pounds more than the famous Jumbo
turned the scale at. Fritz, however,
is six inches shorter, though this
doesn't seem to depress him as much
as might be expected. He is a most
gentle beast, according to his keeper,
and a child might play with him. Now
Mandarin, on the contrary, has a
shocking temper, so that he had to be
chained up. He has killed his man
in his time, the precise time being dur
ing the last visit of the show to Eng
land in 1889-90. He attempted to get
out of his box a night or two ago, and
they had to use a donkey-engine, or
some such contrivance to keep him
back. Baby Ruth is an interesting in
fant of two years, the youngest ele
phant in the show, and has a storage
capacity of about half a ton of hay
a day.
Close to the tigers' cage, in which four
phosphorescent eyes were all that could be
seen of the crown prince of beasts, was Jo
hanna. She requires a little introduction, for
she has not before made her bow to the Brit
ish public. Whether she Is a gorilla or not |
is a moot point, but she is certainly ' edu
cated," which after all Is the principal point.
She Is a precious animal, and lives pr-ncipa.ly i
In a glass case. Standing four feet nine In j
her stocking feet, she has been educated up ,
to the point of drinking a quart of o!d fruity
port per diem. With this, a dozen eggs or ;
so and an occasional cup of coffee and a
cigarette, Into all of which vices her trainer.
In other respects a quite blameless man. has
Inducted her, she has cultivated the higher
life sufficiently to sit at table and eat with
knife, fork and spoon, though, if her diet be
what her trainer says it Is, the latter articles
would seem to be superfluous. Sunset Willie.
so called because of the peculiar tint of his
nose, is another gorilla, from Papua, where,
according to the natural history books,
goril'.as are decidedly Eearce.
The tint of his nose is suppc-sed to be due
to the fact that he had to put up with or
put down, inferior port before he came into
the possFssion of his present proprietors. The
return journey, after one had interviewed
Johanna as far as one can interview a lady
in a glass case, was even more embarrassing
then the previous one. First one had to
run the gauntlet of the performing horses,
which though comfortably stalled enough,
touch each ethor's noses across the gangway.
It may charitably be supposed that they were
rather out of practice, and were anxious to
make the most of It, but when a flea-bitten
mare had taken your hat off, and an Ameri
can thoroughbred rifled your handkerchief in
an impossible attempt to find carrots, it was
rather a relief to find yourself in the stable
of the zebras, in spite of the fact that "they
all bite," as the keeper casually informed
y The Massachusetts, having missed the tide,
was not docked until the early hours of this
morning. Today the animals will be tak-n on
Bhore but owing tff cou:ty c uncil r. gu a:t»ns
they will not be able to pass through the
streets to their temporary home at Olympla
until after 6 o'ciock in the evening.
PITTSBURG WANTS THE VETERANS.
Half Million-Dollar Monnment to Be
Unveiled In IJIOO.
PITTSBURG, Pa., Dec. 19.— The in
itial 9tep toward securing the G. A. R.
encampment for Pittsburg in 1900 was
taken last night by the Allegheny Coun
ty G. A. R. association, and the plan
will be agitated at the coming Cincin
nati encampment.
In connection with the encampment,
if it should be held here, it is proposed
to unveil a grand poldiers' monument to
cost in the neighborhood of $500,000.
The Pennsylvania legislature of 1895
parsed an act empowering each county
to erect a suitable soldiers' monument
at the expense of the cit'zens, thj neces
sary amount to be raised by taxation.
It is believed by the veterans here
abouts that 1900 will be the last year
for encampments. It is their ambition,
therefore, to have the organization wind
up its career in this city, and at the
same time take part in the dedication
of the proposed grand memorial to the
nation's dead.
* _ — c»~
Plate Glass Workers Go Back.
KOKOMO, Ind., Dec. 19.— The plate glass
strike is over, the 1,600 men In the Kokoino
and El wood plants having accepted the com
pany's proposition for polishers to be pa!d
for piece work. Both factories will resume
operations this week.
Smokers' Holiday Present*.
Call at Adam Fetsch's, Fifth and
Robert, for smokers' presents.
ff ¥ j # t vy Tg »■?? v^^cTjSßaißs&il' * J \A^JP w T " »Jt ty^>g
IMPORTANT HOLIDAY BOOKS
THE WOOING OF MALKATOOPJ : COMMODUS. WHITE MAN'S AFRICA. By Poult-net Bick-
Two Poems. By Lew Wallace. Illus- low. Illustrated. Crown Bvo, Cloth. Or
trated by F. V. Dir HoNDaad JH. Whgub- namental, Uncut Edges and Gilt Top, «- 50.
ScS^'Sr^ 1^ Edses «™»™ *»° ■«■ p —^ *- *•
Life of a Famous Singing-Teacher. By Ma-
A HISTORY GF METHODISM IN THE UNITED thii.de Marchesi. With an Introduction by
STATES. By James M. Buckley, D.D In Massenet. Illustrated. Post Fvo, Cloth, Or-
Two Volumes. With over 100 Portraits aud namenul, Deckel Edges and Gilt Top. *2 ;j.
VieWi. BVO. Clotll, $5 00. MIRDCQ'C or\m nT«01 ;- t» jt- ,
J HAKFfcK S ROUND TABLE. Bound olume tor
GEORGE WASHINGTON, By WoodrowWii.- 1897. Vol. XVIII. 1270 Pages. Nearly 800
son. Illustrated by Howard Pylk and Illustrations. 4to, Cloth, Ornamental, $3 50.
Others. Crown Bvo, doth, Ornamental, THE SHEPHEARD'S CALENDER Twelve
Deckel Edges aud Gilt Top, } 3 00. Aeglogues. By Edmunb S?»sn. N :w!y
A YEAR FROM A REPORTER'S NOTE-BOOK. Adorned with Twelve Pictures and Other
By Richard Harding Davis. Illustrated. Devices. By Walter Crane. Square
Post Bvo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1 50. 8vo > clo:h > Ornamental. $2 00.
THE GREAT STONE OF SARDIS A Novel A LEGEND OFCAMELOT. Pictures and Verses
By Frank R. Stockton. Illustrated by of English Society. ByGsoKGBDuMAUBuw.
Peter Xewell. Post Bvo, Cloth, Orna- Large 4to ' Cloth> Ornamental, $$ 00.
mental, 5a THE MARTIAN. A Novel. By Gkokci do
PICTURESQUE SICILY. By William Agniw llustrat=d , b >' lhe A^° r - **
PATOW. Illustrated from Photograph,. Crown Ornamental, $, 75 : 1 hree quar
-Bvn, Cloth, Ornamental. Uncut Edges and *" Li } ! ' fi S ° :> 1 hree "«l uarter <*>*** L «-
CiltTo;,,?, 50. «"'•«♦ S».
F.a; tun (ft I.tixe. Limited to 500 Num-
NAVAL AOTIDN3 0" THE WAT CF 1812. bered Copies. Jio 00. •
With 21 Full-pa:je Illustrations by Capi.ton j "ALL HANDS."' Pictures of life m the United
T. Chapman-, printed b Color and Tints. States Navy. By Rufus Fairchiui Zog
-Bro, Cloth, Ornamental, Deckel Edges and baum. 1-arge 4to, Cloth, Ornamental, Col-
Gilt Top, $4 S o. ored Top, $- 3 00.
1 S^^j*SsS^^^sl^^^B! HHBBMMBK^S^yw I
HOW TO TRIM THE TREE.
It Inn't Very Much Trouble anil the
Little Folks Will lie Delighted.
If there is a child in the house a
Christmas tree Is a necessity. There
isn't a youngster in the land who will j
take as much pleasure in an overflow-
Ing stocking as he will in the discovery
of a real live tree with a gray-headed,
snow-specked Santa Claus peeping
from the branches, says the Chicago
Times-Herald.
It is not the size of the tree so much
as the decoration. But this is a pleas
ure as much as a task, and many of
the old folk have as great fun in trim
ming the tree and preparing to sur
prise the children as the young ones
themselves do in the completed tree
and the gifts they find thereon.
As for the tree itself, there are five
different kinds, all beautiful in them
selves — the pine, hemlock, spruce, ce
dar and balsam fir. The prettiest of
all and consequently the most expen
sive is the cedar, covered with small,
gray berries. The smallest of these
trees cost 75 cents and the largest as
high as $4. Ordinary trees of good
shape and bright green color range
according to size from 50 cents to $1.
It is most convenient to have the
tree placed at once in a holder, but
the price of this may be saved by
mounting the tree in a deep box well
packed with earth. The tree must be |
well braced, and the box must be as
nearly square as possible. The box
should be painted with green pnam I.
The decoration of a tree, unlike the
building of a h,ouse, begins at the top.
Custom has made it almost Imperative
that a figure of Santa Claus occupy
this, the most conspicuous position.
The figures sold in shops for this pur
pose are made of either cardboard or
plaster, and cost from 15 cents to 7T>
cents. Except for very large trees the
35-cent size will answer admirably.
The figure may be held in place with
wire or strong black thread.
Stock should now be taken of all the |
articles which are to be used for dec
orations. Tinsel plays an important
part in this, for it gives a brightness
and glitter obtainable from nothing
else. Strings of popcorn are also use
ful. Both whit*? and red popcorn may
be procured already strung, or it may
be bought in bulk very cheaply. With
a needle and strong thread it is easily
strung. Each string should be from
three to four feet long. Granberrii s
scattered at frequent Intervals along
the strings add color to them.
Strings of silver and gilt balls, ami
balls of raw cotton, make pretty and
effective decorations. Shreds of raw
cotton may also be sprinkled over the
tree. This does very nicely to repre
sent snow. English walnuts, either
natural or gilded, may be tied with
ribbon and added to the other mate
rials. You cannot have too much.
Quantity rather thnn finality makes a
tree beautiful. A dnzen or more dolls,
made of bright colored tissue paper,
should be added, if there are any fittle
girls In the house. Candy canes and
sugar animals of every conceivable
kind are always appreciated by th •
youngsters.
"Little pasteboard boxes may \»- had
at any drug store, and when touched
up with ribbon make very pretty orna
ments, l-nst of all. the candles, if it is
intended that the tree be lighted. See
that these are very securely fixed In
their sockets, so that there can be no
possibility of their falling.
All these articles should be spread
out around the tree before the work
of decoration begins, so that a glance
will show just what material there is
to work with. Then commence at the
top and festoon the popcorn and
strings of glass balls in graceful loops,
selecting the most prominent branch) s
for fastenings, and covering up as
much as possible any bare spots. The
cotton balls, walnuts, candy boxes and
figures come next. Tie the lighter ar
ticles at the tips of the branches and
the heavier farther in.
The tinsel may represent icicles, ani
the more thickly It is hung on branches
and twigs the better. Last of all add
the candles. Fasten the holders at the
frrUs of branches. This prevents t£em
slipping.
Small presents may be placed on the
tree and larger ones around its base.
Th» tree must, of course, be set. be
fore decorating, in the room in which
it >« (<> remain i^'pfs it is a v v
small tree, in which case it may be
decorated in a room to which the chil
dren seldom go. On Christmas morn-
Ing it may be carried to the nursery
while the little ones are enjoying their
breakfast or exhibiting their toys in
some other part of the house. In this
way the sudden appearance of the tree
will seem all the more wonderful.
DOX'T GO TO CHINA.
Consul Coddnow's Warning to Hnll
r<»:n! Men.
WASHINGTON, Dee. 19.-The first report to
the state department from United States Con
sul General Goodnow at Shanghai rontains a
warning to American railroad men not to go
to China for employment.
Says he: "The American only Invites star
vation who comes here without a definite con
tract of employment with some reputable firm
made before he leaver Araerira. I must ad
vise United States railway employes that there
is at present no mark?t for their labor in
China, and should more roads ba constructed
there will be a market only If these roads are
built by Americans."
The consul general says he has had many
inqulries from American railroad men as to
the chance for employment In China, so he de
scribes the small Chinese railroad system to
show the hopelessness of looking in that di
rection for work. There are only two rail
ways In operation with a total mileage o:
mile?. They -employ only twenty-seven for
eigners, of whom four are engineers, and the
managers and division superintendents. The
operatives are practically a:i Chinese, and a
foreigner cannot compete with them. Th<>
highest salaried natives are the telegraph op
erators at $40 per month. Engineers get from
$20 to $30 and train hands and trackmen $5
to $10 per month. All of this Is In Mexican
ellver, worth 44 cents gold on the dollar. The
roads are paying 15 pr-r cent dividend.
Another road Is under eonstruet'on from
Shanghai to Woo Sung— fourteen miles— and
Chinese are doing all of the work, and on
Dec. 18 the first sod was turned on th«
projected road from Hankow to Peking, the
completion of which depends upon the suc
cess of the Belgian syndicate in floating Its
loan.
Mr. Goodnow recounts the ambitious
schemes of Director Sheng, of the Imperial
railway, to create a vast system of railways
in central China, and encloses a map show
[ Ing the projects. He says sheng's plan Is to
build these roads aa money can be borrowed
outside of China. lie proposes to couple with
the railway loans a government loan of $80,
--000.000 to pay the balance of the Japanese war
indemnity. In this way the option of building
tin- Chinese roads would be h»»hl out to the
parties taking the government loan, and tha
support of foreixn governments for the gov
ernment loan would be Becun <1 by allowing
the successful syndicate to furnish all the ma
terial and skilled labor needed for the rail
roads.
Mr. Goodnow points out that under these
conditions there will be no market for Amer
ican railway material or labor unless Ameri
cans furnish the money to build the railways.
_4^_
SAYS RECORDS REFUTE IT.
(U-rk Gideon n«-nl«-s the < bargea
Mmil«- by Reddtnarton.
WASHINGTON, Dec. 19. P. M.
Gideon, the clerk of the general land
office who was referred to by Thomas
Reddington in the testimony before the
senate Pacific railroad committee yes
terday as having changed the land
office records so as to throw 8.000.000
acres of government land to the Fouth
ern Pacific railroad, has made a clear
I denial of the chargi s.
Mr. Gideon Is a resident of Washing
ton, and at his home tonight made
the following statement: "The story
told by Mr. Reddington is absurd,
ridiculous and unqualifii dly fsUs<- and
without foundation or color of truth.
The records of the land office Will vin
dicate me, but I will now Insist upon
the most thorough Investigation and
stand ready at all times to answer any
and all questions so far as my con
nection with th<- Southern Pacific lands
or my connection with the land office
;ni concerned. I court the fullest ln
i quiry into the nratt< r."
i Mr. Gideon whs app luted to tlie land
: office from Kokomo, Ind., in 1883, ami
i was in charge of the division of ad
-1 justment of land grants. Upon leav
ing the land office he was employed by
the Southern Pacific as an attorney
1., fore the interior department, remain
ing in their employ until December,
iS94.
—
St. I'm. l A Duliitli Railroad, liollilny
I'.vrn rwiiiii Itntrs.
On December 2", 24, 25 and 31, and
January 1, 1898, the St. Paul & DulUth
Railroad company will sell Holiday
Excursion Tickets from and to all
points on th( ir line at a rate of a fare
and one-third for the round trip. Tick
ets good for return passage on and
until January 4, IS
Ticket otlices Union Depot and 30*5
Robert Street.
DIED.
STRUB Michael, ;if bis law r. gldeni i
nd Lake Como and Pbalen
Dec. !!'. aged Bevenl
years. Fun< ral fi
Wednesday morning, Dec. 22, at 8:30 o'clock.
Service ;>t St. Bernard's church at 9 o'clock.
Sandusky, <>.. papers pleasi copy.
ANNOUNCEMENTS.
NOTICE— The trustees of The Stat* Savings
Hank, German la Life ln«. Bids.. 4th and
Minn sts.. have declared a semi-annual
dividend jit the ran- of 4 per ceni per an
num for the period ending Jan. 1. iv.<v De
positors entitled (■, Intereit will please ['re
sent their book* at the fxir.k on or after
Jan. 20, I*OS. The new Inl '1 be
gins Jan. 1, 1898. Ml '1' r>''sit.s made on or
before Jan. 3. IS9B. will be entitled to s:x
months 1 interest July 1, 1898. Jul. M. Gold
smith, Treasurer.
AMUSEMENTS.
METROPOLITAN^ ' Z2K*
I Ui«B«Jiii I Wednesday *nd Saturday.
VIB5? 1/ A \ ) The IJuhiiii '.'omeiiian
THtftAJ MR. WILLIE
FROM M£X!C3^ collier
A ROAR OFCJMTI?4U9;JSL4UGHT£it
Harsjani Matinee W t-<ltie>dnjr. J c ami 50c.
Dec. '.'o— 'Lost, Strayed or Stolen."
GRAND 1 Bffii
K Last season's TROUBADOURS.
success Matiue.-. Wednei
surpassed. popular Pr
NexlWeek— Hoyt's '"A Black Sheep."
House of Good Shepherd
GONGERT !
Monday, December 20,
AX H:l'» f. M.
PEOPLE'S CHURCH.
Reserved Seats may be secured la cxi uangei
of tickets, or uNH UOILAK, ai
HOWARD, FARWELL & CO/S.
SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES.
ST. AGATHA'S COFfSBRVATOUT
Of Mimic n i> il Art.
26 East Bathing" St . St P»uL
Piano, violiu. guitar, banjo and mandolin
taught. Lessons given In drawing auU paiut
lug. Call or send tor prospectus